Farm Business Research Articles

KONTRIBUSI USAHATANI GULA AREN TERHADAP PENDAPATAN KELUARGA DI DESA TANGKENO KECAMATAN KABAENA TENGAH (Contribution of palm sugar farming to family income in Tangkeno village, central Kabaena subdistrict)

Sugar palm is a type of palm plant that is almost spread throughout Indonesia. All parts of this plant can be used, starting from the sap which can be processed into sugar, and the stems can be processed into palm flour, the unripe fruit can be processed into palm fruit, and the fibers can be processed into crafts. The aim of this research is to find out how much palm sugar farming contributes to family income in Tangkeno Village, Central Kabaena District. Meanwhile, the benefit of this research is to provide information regarding how much palm sugar processing contributes to family income in Tangkeno Village, Central Kabaena District. The method used in this research is the interview method. The types of data used to conduct research are primary data and secondary data. The results of research from 38 respondents show that the average contribution to palm sugar farming income in Tangkeno Village, Central Kabaena District for one year is IDR 22.934.210 with an average amount of palm sugar production of 4.323 kilograms, so the annual contribution of palm sugar farming is by 55%. The amount of income from palm sugar farming is quite large and is able to help the family to meet their needs. Keywords: Contribution, Income, Palm Sugar Farming Business, Tangkeno Village, Central Kabaena District

The Cost Efficiency Analysis of Feed Use

The research aims to analyze the cost efficiency of using three types of feed when rearing three different types of ducks. The benefits of this research are expected to provide information to researchers and the public, especially breeders, about the types of feed and types of ducks that are more cost efficient in the duck farming business. The research used three types of feed and three different types of ducks. This research uses an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial pattern (3x3) with 3 replications consisting of two factors, namely factor A and factor B. Factor A is the type of feed, consisting of; A1 (BR1 feed), A2 (PP3 feed), A3 (Mix feed). Factor B is the type of duck, consisting of; B1 (Peking duck type), B2 (Mojosari duck type), B3 (MA duck type). The variables observed were efficient use of rations (FE), economic efficiency of ration use (EEPP) and feed cost per gain (FCG). The data obtained were analyzed for variance (ANOVA), the differences between treatments were carried out by the Duncan multiple range test (DMRT). The research results showed that there was no interaction in each treatment between factors A and B. Factor A showed a very significant effect (P > 0.01) on the cost efficiency of feed use. Meanwhile, factor B shows no real effect. The conclusion of this research is that the best cost efficiency for using rations is the PP3 type of ration with a more efficient type of duck, namely Peking Duck. Suggestions based on research results are for broiler duck fattening businesses to use Peking ducks with PP3 rations to produce maximum body weight and with efficient feed costs.

Low-Potassium Fruits and Vegetables: Research Progress and Prospects.

With the increasing number of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the improved recognition of nutritional therapy, research on low-potassium (LK) fruits and vegetables for CKD patients has gained global attention. Despite its already commercial availability primarily in Japan, public awareness remains limited, and cultivation methods lack a comprehensive strategy. This review offers an extensive examination of the developmental significance, current cultivation techniques, and existing limitations of functional LK fruits and vegetables with the objective of providing guidance and inspiration for their exploitation. Additionally, this review investigates various factors influencing K content, including varieties, temperature, light, exogenous substances, harvest time, and harvest parts, with a focus on optimizing production methods to enhance potassium utilization efficiency (KUE) and decrease the K content in plants. Finally, the review outlines the shortcomings and prospects of research on LK fruits and vegetables, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary research (in agriculture technology, medicine, and business) for patients with CKD and the future development of this field.

Konstruksi Sosial Usahatani Jagung Hibrida Kelompok Tani Mawali Di Desa Matungkas Kecamatan Dimembe Kabupaten Minahasa Utara

The social construction of the Mawali farmer group is an individual action. It cannot be denied that the individuals themselves need a group that is able to work together and is able to solve the problems they face. Besides humans as individual beings, humans are also social beings who will continue to interact with each other, both individually and in groups or in groups and in society. Likewise, farmers need their members in a farmer group to be able to solve various agricultural problems such as finding solutions together, being able to interact with fellow members, especially in the process of a farmer group in selecting farming products, implementing and developing their farming business as well as willingness and preparedness. in developing hybrid corn farming. The purpose of this study was to understand the process of forming farmergroups and selecting hybrid corn farming commodities in the Mawali Farmer Group, Matungkas Village, Dimembe District, North Minahasa Regency. The results showed that social construction in the formation of farmer groups with hybrid corn farming in the Mawali farmer group could process well and achieve good goals and be successful in hybrid corn farming which and supported by the addition of farming, namely chili can be seen from externalization, objectivation and internalization.

ОТ ПОЛИГОНА К КАРБОНОВОЙ ФЕРМЕ: БИЗНЕС-МОДЕЛЬ

In the context of the climate agenda, a systematic presentation of the scientific, methodological and educational tasks of the carbon landfill is given, the «carbon theme» is designated and the subprocesses (main, accompanying, providing and managerial) of the carbon sequestration process implemented on carbon farm plantations as a potential business-process are highlighted. Based on a comparison of well-known approaches to business modeling of entrepreneurial activity, a research hypothesis was formulated and the interpretation, composition of elements of the carbon farm business model, its value proposition were clarified, and the uniqueness of the final product (services for the absorption and sequestration of carbon by «air-plant-soil» ecosystems) was noted. The distinctive characteristics of the dynamic, complex, sensitive and multifactorial natural process of decarbonization as the basis of the operating cycle are substantiated. It is shown that biological features of the business process generate various risks, this does not guarantee sustainable profit generation. A three-link value chain and a business-model mind-map are proposed, which can serve as a working tool for planning, monitoring, diagnostics and critical analysis of the commercialization of an ecosystem service in the context of the emerging sequestration (decarbonization) industry. The scientific novelty of the work consists in adapting the management template «business-model» proven by the practice of industrial enterprises in relation to the new ecosystem service «decarbonization», which is a natural result of the transformation of carbon polygons into carbon farms as business entities.

ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHATANI PADI ORGANIK DAN KONVENSIONAL DI KECAMATAN MOJOGEDANG KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR

Rice farming is the dominant farming business in Java, one of which is Central Java. Rice is still the primadonna commodity because the staple food of most Indonesian people is rice. Currently, there is starting to be a shift from previously conventional farming techniques to organic farming to maintain soil fertility and environmental safety. This research aims to analyze the income and feasibility of organic rice farming and conventional rice farming in Mojogedang District, Karanganyar Regency and was carried out in June-August 2023. This research was carried out using a quantitative approach and descriptive analysis. The research location was determined purposively in the Tani Mulyo 1 Group, Mojogedang District, Karanganyar Regency, involving 25 organic rice farmers and 25 conventional rice farmers. This research uses cost, revenue, income analysis, and also feasibility analysis using the R/C ratio and Break Event Point (BEP). The results of the analysis show that the total cost of organic rice farming is IDR. 9,960,600,- and costs for conventional rice farming are IDR. 10,117,375,-. Average revenue from organic farming is Rp. 47,094,000,- and the average revenue from conventional rice farming is Rp. 40,414,400. Based on these results, the difference between revenues and costs is known so that the income obtained in organic rice farming is Rp. 37,133,400,- and conventional rice farming income is Rp. 30,297,025,-. The R/C ratio value for organic rice farming is 4.73 and for conventional rice farming is 3.99. Based on this analysis, it can be concluded that organic rice farming and conventional rice farming are both feasible to run, but organic rice farming will provide a higher level of profit.

An empirical analysis of organic micro-level agricultural knowledge and innovation systems (microAKIS) in three federal states in Germany

ABSTRACT Purpose To achieve the ambitious policy goals concerning organic agriculture in Germany, it is crucial to understand which actors and institutions in the German organic microAKIS are most important to farmers and how farmers within the system share knowledge. This study explores these questions by focusing on farmers who are members of organic producer associations (OPAs) in three federal states in Germany. Design/methodology/approach Fieldwork was conducted in Brandenburg, Lower Saxony, and Bavaria from April to September 2021 through qualitative research utilizing participant observation on organic farms and in-person and Zoom interviews with farmers and experts in the organic agricultural sector. Findings This study concurs with previous studies’ findings that German organic farmers obtain and exchange knowledge, information, and innovations from a wide variety of sources surrounding their farm business as a whole; however, regarding agricultural practices and technologies, fellow farmers and OPAs are the most important sources. Practical implications Through comparing the microAKIS in Brandenburg, Lower Saxony, and Bavaria this paper explores how farmers in different states depend diversly on state structures, how in the organic sector farmers rely heavily on the private sector for knowledge and information exchanges surrounding agricultural practices and technologies, and how these networks can be improved. This enables discussions on advancing the sector and meeting policy goals by addressing farmers’ needs. Theoretical implications The microAKIS framework is advanced by engaging in a comparative analysis and bottom-up approach to identify significant actors according to farmers in the organic sector in Germany. Originality/value This study outlines the individuals and organizations that make up the organic microAKIS in Germany, which has been underexplored in the fast-growing organic sector, and utilizes empirical evidence to display farmers’ perspectives.

Rural land consolidation as an instrument for decreasing farmers' dependence on ecosystem services: Heterogeneity analysis based on consolidation modes and topographic types

Rural land consolidation (RLC) is one of the largest organized activities affecting land use and terrestrial ecosystems, and its effect on ecosystems' spatial patterns and service functions has been closely scrutinized. Previous studies have primarily focused on the response of ecosystem services (ES), but associated changes in farmers' dependence on ES have not yet been adequately explored or completely understood. This study employs a sustainable livelihood framework to identify the mechanism through which RLC affects farmers' dependence on ES, and constructs an index system of dependence on ES (IDES) to quantify farmers' dependence on ES using questionnaire surveys conducted on 949 rural households in Hubei Province, central China. A quasi-experimental difference-in-differences model is subsequently used to investigate the impact of government-dominant mode and new agricultural business entity (NABE)-dominant RLC modes on farmers' dependence on ES across plains and mountainous areas. Results indicated that both RLC modes could decrease farmers' dependence on ES. The reduction effect of the NABE-dominant mode was more significant than that of the government-dominant mode in plains areas. While no significant difference between the two modes is found in mountainous areas. This study broaden research perspectives on RLC effectiveness and aligns with worldwide concerns such as environmental protection and welfare improvement. In addition, the study examine China's experience to offer valuable insight for other developing countries when formulating differentiated RLC policies.

Analysis of Poultry Farmers’ Utilization of Agricultural Credit in Jos South Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria

This study analyzed poultry farmers’ utilization of agricultural credit in Jos South Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria. The population for the study consists of all the registered poultry farmers in Jos South Local Government Area. Multistage sampling technique was used in selecting the respondents for the study. Primary data were collected through the use of questionnaires and interview schedule and were subjected to both descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings from the study showed that majority (86%) of the poultry farmers’ were men, with a mean age of 42 years. Majorities (89%) were married and had five people on average per home. The study also showed that 51% of the farmers were educated beyond high school with a mean farming experience of 9 years and average stock size of 1658 birds. The responders received an average credit amount of ₦357224 while the average amount utilized for poultry business was ₦290164. About 75% of the farmers utilized the loan given to expand their existing farm business. Gender, household size, farming experience and flock size were the significant determinants of agricultural credit utilization by the poultry farmers. Inadequacy of the credit amount received (58.0) and competing family needs (32%) were the main obstacles to using agricultural credit among the poultry farmers. The study recommended more budgetary allocations and farmer’s friendly policies by financial institutions to enable bigger volumes of disbursements to farmers.

Regeneration of rural rice farmers in Central Java Province

Central Java Province is one of the rice production centers in Java Island which plays a role in supporting national food availability. The phenomenon of a decrease in the number of agricultural business households over 10 years by 16.3 % indicates a shift in the interest of people working in the agricultural sector, switching to other sectors outside the agricultural sector. The lack of interest of the younger generation in farming indicates the phenomenon of a shift in community interest in the agricultural sector. This is inseparable from the regeneration of farmers in rural areas. This research uses the basic method of descriptive analysis. The research location was determined by purposive method so that the district with the largest average harvest area and rice production, namely Grobogan District and the location that reflects the adoption of technology, namely Sukoharjo District. The number of research samples was 250 samples of rice farmers in Central Java Province. Factors affecting the regeneration of rice farmers in Central Java Province were analyzed by SEM PLS. The results of the inner model analysis showed (1) latent variables of individual characteristics, socio-cultural environment, and farmer empowerment significantly positive effect on the performance of rice farmers, (2) economic environment variables and farm management had, a significantly negative effect on the performance of rice farmers, (3) latent variables of socio-cultural environment, economic environment, and performance of rice farmers have a significant positive effect on the regeneration of rice farmers in Central Java Province and (4) variable farmer empowerment has a significant negative effect on the regeneration of rice farmers in Central Java Province. The results of the model fit analysis and quality indices show that the model fit test has been fit (ideal).

Финансовый потенциал аграрного бизнеса Республики Беларусь в торговле с Российской Федерацией

The purpose of the article is to use the resulting approach to measure the financial potential of agricultural businesses in the Republic of Belarus. The study analyzed the share of food products in foreign trade, food products exports, the production capacity of food products industrial organizations, and the share of food products exports in the total volume of their production. The study defined that the production capacity of food industrial organizations in the regions bordering the Russian Federation (Vitebsk region, Mogilev region, Gomel region) for food products is not fully used. There is potential to increase food production and export it to the Russian Federation. The financial potential for increasing production and export of food products in the regions has been calculated with the resulting approach. The estimated financial potential for increasing meat exports by increasing the level of food production capacity is 218.92 million USD in the Vitebsk region, 312.52 USD million in the Gomel region, and 128.44 USD million in the Mogilev region. Active trade relations between the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation laid the foundations for integration and development in the agricultural sector. The following suggestions for realization of financial potential in the regions are outlined and characterized: cooperation of agricultural business entities in the regions in various forms; regional diversification and integration of regional agricultural business entities; production cooperation of regions within the framework of foreign trade of agricultural products and food among EAEU member states and with third countries.

Overview of the Prevalence and Contributing Factors for Occupational Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) in Malaysia

INTRODUCTION: This manuscript aims to provide a synopsis of the current situation surrounding noise exposure at work and the risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in Malaysia. NIHL is an occupational illness that affects most many people and can be prevented in many countries in the world. The production and agriculture businesses and the extraction of natural resources and urban traffic all contribute to ambient noise levels. Working in a noisy environment is the main occupational risk factor for adult-onset hearing loss. In this study, we investigate the prevalence of NIHL across different industries, as well as research publication trends on NIHL. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Conducted thorough several online databases, like Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, for related research that had already been published. The review phases were carried out according to the recommendations laid out by the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews. A set of criteria was developed for selecting relevant studies. RESULTS: The prevalence of NIHL among workers in Malaysia, varies across different industries and has been reported to range from 5.0% to 82.6%. NIHL has multiple contributing factors, including noise intensity, long-term exposure to daily noise, hearing protection devices and age. A review of these studies found varying percentages of individuals affected by each contributing factor. CONCLUSION: Occupational NIHL is a preventable health risk for workers across industries. Employers must adopt engineering and administrative controls (education and training) and provide personal hearing protectors to protect workers from noise.

Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Ternak Kerbau di Kabupaten Sumba Timur

Buffalo livestock in the culture of the people of East Sumba have a large role, both as working livestock, social and cultural livestock such as traditional mourning events, weddings and traditional houses. However, the government's role in developing the buffalo farming business is very low and the lack of development by breeders causes a decline in buffalo livestock productivity, resulting in a decline in population and an impact on fluctuating buffalo livestock prices. This research aims to: (1) develop a strategy for developing the buffalo population in East Sumba Regency. This research uses SWOT analysis to formulate a strategy for developing a buffalo livestock business. This research uses a survey method and purposive sampling with the minimum criteria of having three buffalo, having sold livestock in the last two years and being a fairly influential figure in the village. Primary and secondary data are used to answer the objectives of this research. The results of the SWOT analysis show that the buffalo farming business is in quadrant I with an X value = 0.16 and a Y value = 0.52. The strategy used is an aggressive strategy. The strategy for developing buffalo livestock is optimizing pastures by using feed processing technology so that feed is always available and increasing the production and productivity of buffalo livestock to maintain the availability and demand for buffalo livestock.

Evaluation of Productivity and Financial Feasibility of Broiler Chicken Farming Business Models: Cage and Postal Systems

The growth of the human population and increased purchasing power drive greater demand for broiler meat, posing challenges for farmers to enhance their productivity and business efficiency. The development of closed-house cages offers a solution to improve production efficiency. This study compares the productivity and financial analysis between the cage and postal models. Utilizing a quantitative descriptive method, the research was conducted over a single rearing period in cages and postal setups at PT Dinamika Megatama Citra (DMC) without any specific treatment. Research parameters encompassed body weight gain, mortality, FCR, harvest weight, and Performance Index. Financial analysis was conducted using indicators such as the R/C ratio, B/C ratio, Break-Even Point (BEP), and Return on Investment (ROI). Results indicate that in cage conditions, mortality stood at 4.07%, FCR at 1.718, average weight at 2.2 kg, and Performance Index at 287.5. Meanwhile, postal cages exhibited higher mortality at 8.79%, FCR at 1.732, average weight at 2.3 kg, and Performance Index at 285.6. In financial analysis, cage systems had a BEP price of Rp 19,726/kg with a unit BEP of 40,616 kg, an R/C ratio of 1.039, a B/C ratio of 0.039, and an ROI of 3.92%. Conversely, postal cages had a BEP price of Rp 19,507/kg with a unit BEP of 39,924 kg, an R/C ratio of 1.05, a B/C ratio of 0.05, and an ROI of 5.09%.

Индикаторы цифрового развития малых форм хозяйствования АПК Волгоградской области

The successful adaptation of the regional agro-industrial complex to a new technological order is impossible without activating the maximum number of resources available to national agriculture: management, production, economic, financial, technological, demographic, and climatic, as well as any other factors that stimulate the transition of the agricultural sector of the Russian economy to a qualitatively new level of scientific and technological development. The fourth technological order in agriculture will become the basis for a qualitatively different level of automation and digitalization of agro-industrial production, within which the role of the business entity will be largely limited only to making key managerial, production, and economic decisions. Technological processes will be fully automated through the widespread use of robotics, digital twins, predictive and cognitive technologies, EFR and CRM systems, the Internet of Things, etc. The need to optimize these solutions and integrate them into a single production and digital network will stimulate the creation of so-called digital ecosystems in the agricultural economy. These ecosystems are “a set of technological platforms, applied Internet services, analytical, and information systems created on the basis of a computer network infrastructure with the characteristics of self-regulation, adaptability, and sustainability for the purpose of joint production or promotion of a given benefit, information exchange, and evolutionary development of the system” aimed at satisfying people’s needs for high-quality and safe food products based on the use of resource-saving and environmentally friendly technologies. The article examines the most significant indicators of the digital development of small agricultural businesses in the context of their ability to function within the framework of regional digital business ecosystems, as well as the prospects for the integration of small businesses into global ecosystems of the digital economy. A set of statistical data was studied that gives an idea of the use of digital technologies in the agricultural sector of the regional economy. A set of statistical data on the use of digital technologies in the agricultural sector of the regional economy has been studied, some indicators of the level of digitalization of small agribusiness entities have been identified and analyzed, making it possible to determine the trajectory of the digital development of micro-farm enterprises and to develop the general contours of a forecast scenario for the integration of small agricultural forms into the digital business ecosystem of the agricultural economy.

“Green” business in agricultural sector of Kazakhstan: socio-economic and environmental stability

The goal is to show the advantages and opportunities of “green” business in agriculture. One of the main directions of implementation of the Action Plan for the implementation of the Concept of transition of the Republic of Kazakhstan to “green” economy for 2021-2030 is to solve the problems of ensuring food security, increasing soil fertility, using innovative, resource-saving technologies, combating the destruction of biodiversity, etc. Methods - the article analyzed statistical data series, studied the scientific works of domestic and foreign researchers. Results - the main elements of organizing “green” activities in agricultural sector are identified and factors contributing to the expansion of the scope of ecological farming, “green” technologies, development of research projects, and creation of jobs for development of sustainable agricultural production are considered as condition for the supply of high-quality and healthy food products, maintaining a balance of renewable and non-renewable resources, minimizing harm to ecosystems. Promising directions for functioning of agribusiness during transformation to “green” economy are outlined. Conclusions - regions need to develop strategy that will improve the state of the environment and improve the level and quality of life of the population. The main principle of “green” entrepreneurship is expanding zones of organic agricultural production and increasing export of environmentally friendly products, stimulating the influx of investments, introducing certification, labeling and marketing strategies, cooperation with international organizations and research centers. For these purposes, effective and efficient public policy measures are required. Using integrated approach based on digital economy will reduce costs, increase investment attractiveness, reduce production costs and attract agricultural producers to agribusiness.

Addressing the Twin Threats: Combating Child Stunting and Poverty Among Indonesian Farmworker Families

This study identifies the underlying factors contributing to child stunting and poverty among Indonesian farmworker households. We use logistic regression and the Indonesian Family Life Survey to measure this study. The findings indicate that social and demographic factors significantly influence poverty among farming families. Families with more farming businesses and land ownership are less likely to be poor. However, there is no significant link between agricultural productivity and child stunting. Positive factors for child nutrition include exclusive breastfeeding for at least two years and a father's higher education level. In contrast, older maternal age and larger household size increase the likelihood of child stunting. The study highlights the importance of social and demographic factors in addressing poverty and child health in agricultural settings. Parental education and breastfeeding practices play crucial roles in preventing stunting. To address these issues, policies should focus on educating parents about the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding and early childhood nutrition. Supporting farming families by increasing agricultural productivity and land ownership is essential. Developing targeted nutritional programs for children in larger households and those with older mothers can help prevent stunting.

Analysis of marketing channels and income of catfish farming business of Sangkuriang Bhakti farm perspective of islamic economic law

Analysis of marketing channels and income of catfish farming business of Sangkuriang Bhakti farm perspective of islamic economic law

The Socio-Economic Role of Small Agribusiness in the Development of Modern Ukraine and Poland

Factors influencing the formation of the socio-economic role of small agribusiness, directions for establishing the institutional and organizational-economic structure of small-scale enterprises in the agricultural sector of Ukraine and Poland are singled out. An analysis of the activities of small agribusiness entities was carried out using statistical data from GUS (Central Statistical Office of Poland) and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine for the period from 2010 to 2020. The trends in running a craft business were disclosed. It has been demonstrated that the development of the agricultural sector is dominated by the direct freedom of decision-making and choice of producers. It was established that small agribusiness in Ukraine and Poland can meet the requirements of a competitive environment and function effectively under the conditions of coronavirus and war in Ukraine. The purpose of our research is to theoretically and methodologically justify scientific provisions and develop recommendations that will accumulate specific institutional and technological capabilities to produce necessary raw materials and create agri-food products in Ukraine and Poland. The methodological basis of the research includes fundamental principles of economic theory, management, and studies of scholars regarding the socio-economic role of small agribusiness in the conditions of war in Ukraine. Observation, sampling, and grouping methods were used for the theoretical justification in identifying problems in the development of small agricultural businesses; generalization and comparative analysis were employed to form the institutional and organizational-economic functionality of small-scale enterprises in the agricultural sector of Ukraine and rural areas, refine the conceptual framework, and draw conclusions and proposals on the selected topic.

How Microcredit Programs Improve Business Household Well-being in the Local Economy? An Impact Evaluation

Household welfare can be improved through microfinancial institutions' support by providing microcredit programs. The shock of the COVID-19 pandemic caused the impact on household welfare to decrease by 2.6% in 2020 in Bengkulu. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the People's Business Credit (KUR) program on the welfare of business households in Bengkulu Province through the National Socio-Economic Survey of the Central Bureau of Statistics (SUSENAS) for the 2022 wave using the propensity score matching (PSM) method. The study results show that microcredit influences household welfare in Bengkulu. Households receiving KUR had higher expenditures of 8.89% than groups not receiving the KUR program. In addition, age, number of households, education, savings account, marital status, and agricultural business influence KUR program recipient participation. The KUR program is expected to improve the quality of MSMEs and provide recommendations for enhancing KUR program services to related financial institutions.