Family Leisure Research Articles

Grandparent couples’ experiences of family leisure

Guided by the life course approach and the Ecology of Family Experience (EFE) framework, this qualitative study demonstrates how grandparent couples engaged in family leisure with their grandchildren. Through constructivist grounded theory methodology, this study explored the impacts of life course dimensions on grandparent couples’ experiences with family leisure. Semi-structured interviews with 20 individuals (60–75 years of age) from 10 grandparent couples were analyzed at the couple level. Grandparent couples shared how life course dimensions, including chronological age, sociocultural time, and family timing factors, impacted their family leisure experiences. This study supports the relevance of the EFE framework by focusing on similar dimensions with a precision on the role of life course factors on choosing family leisure experiences.

Evolusi Lanskap Budaya Tamansari Yogyakarta

Kota Yogyakarta, known for its cultural richness and sovereignty, displays its cultural heritage characteristics through Keraton Yogyakarta's heritage object. Tamansari is Keraton Yogyakarta's cultural complex built for the royal family's leisure. For 258 years, Tamansari Complex's cultural landscape has been undergoing transformation. The transformations trigger the evolutional process of the Tamansari Complex’s cultural landscape identity. This thesis investigates the evolutional process of Tamansari Complex's cultural landscape in 1765 - 2023. Cultural Landscape Evolution theory acts as the analysis method of this thesis research. The research time spans from January - August 2023. This research is the first attempt to view the Tamansari Complex from the perspective of cultural landscape focusing on the evolutional process of the Tamansari Complex’s cultural landscape identity.

What explains the sex differences in family leisure activities of children? A genetically sensitive analysis with twin data

Objective: This paper examines to what extent genetic and environmental influences contribute to differences in family leisure activities of girls and boys. Background: While family leisure activities have been described as relevant for child development, it remains unclear what accounts for differences in the leisure behavior of girls and boys. While research emphasized the importance of the environment, e.g., in relation to gender role socialization, other studies pointed to biological and, thus, genetic differences as explanatory factors. Method: The analysis is based on 954 female and 1036 male twins aged 10-12 years who are part of the first wave of the German Twin Family Panel Study. Our analysis examines five family leisure activities using variance decompositions and gene-environment interaction models. Results: Overall, there were only minor differences between girls and boys in the contributions of genes and environments to family leisure activities. Only for singing and making music did influences from the environment common to both twins contribute more strongly to the performance of these activities in the girls than in the boys. Conclusion: There is no evidence that genetic differences lead to differences in family leisure behavior between girls and boys in the activities considered here. Existing differences are more likely to be due to environmental influences.

Federated or Non-Federated Sports: The Influence on Children, the Youth Population and Family Life

Family time must be combined with the personal time of each of its members, with special importance regarding children due to the need for attention and monitoring by parents of their performance. Within the leisure of minors in the home, physical activity and sports are the most in-demand typologies, thus some of them participate in federated clubs, attending a more institutionalized or professional sport, while others develop in an environment based on entertainment. In this way, depending on the demand for these activities, it leads to a series of different consequences in the family environment. The main objective of this study is to establish whether or not children’s attendance at federated sports affects family dynamics. A total of 224 Spanish families with children from 6 to 18 years of age who practice sport activities participated and completed a questionnaire with 36 items about the family’s involvement in children’s sports. The results show that parents with children participating in federated sports have a more positive perception of their children’s sports practices; they provide greater support to their children regarding their performance and see this activity as an excellent opportunity for education in values. However, they do identify it as an obstacle to the development of family leisure practices, resulting in an element that conditions family reconciliation. In this way, there is a need to establish alliances between families and sports professionals, providing family participation bodies in sports clubs and providing a better conciliation time to accommodate family time.

More is better? Family leisure involvement and individual leisure satisfaction among Chinese adult workers

ABSTRACT Family leisure activities have been gaining increasing attention in recent years. This study aims to identify the characteristics of family leisure involvement among adult workers in urban China, explore the relationship between family leisure and leisure satisfaction, and further analyse the possible interrelationship between core and balance family leisure activities. Paper-and-pencil questionnaire surveys of activity diaries were collected from 519 residents of Zhongshan, a prefecture-level city in China. Linear regression analysis suggested that balance family leisure activities were not associated with individual leisure satisfaction, while core family leisure had a negative impact. Core family leisure also moderated the relationship between balance family leisure and personal leisure satisfaction. A moderate amount of core family leisure combined with balance family leisure increased leisure satisfaction. This study contributes to the core and balance theory of family leisure functioning by exploring the interrelationship between the two types of family leisure activities in a non-Western context.

A Study of Parents’ Perceived Constraints on Participating in Outdoor Leisure Activities with Their Children in Japan

Outdoor activities have been shown to have numerous positive impacts. As chil-dren's time spent in nature decreases, it is important to move beyond just encour-aging children to go outside and instead urge the entire family to spend time to-gether in natural surroundings. While cultural norms influence family behavior, there is currently insufficient research on family leisure in Asian countries to allow comparisons. The purpose of this study is to clarify the outdoor leisure constraints of Japanese parents with children and examine the relationship between these con-straints and participation frequency in outdoor leisure activities with children. A web-based survey was employed to obtain responses from parents (n = 193) whose children were between 3 and 11 years old. This study clarified four constraining factors affecting Japanese parents: psychological, physiological, and environmen-tal; accessibility; commitment; and time. Accessibility constraints were a key driv-er in predicting the frequency of participation in outdoor leisure activities.

Impact of digital technology on family life and leisure activities: An approach from families with adolescents

This study investigates parents’ perceptions of the impact of digital technology on family life and leisure activities for adolescents (11–17 years old). Through three focus groups, 19 parents aged 33 to 56 participated. The discourse analysis, conducted using NVivo software and grounded theory, revealed how families access and use digital technology and its impact on parental supervision and family leisure activities. Parents noted the importance of digital skills to protect adolescents from online risks and to engage in virtual activities together. The study highlights the need for parents to improve their digital competencies to effectively manage and participate in their children’s digital lives. Future research should explore the digital skill levels of parents to identify barriers to effective digital inclusion and develop strategies to address these gaps. This will enable families to better navigate the digital landscape and ensure a balanced and safe integration of technology into their daily lives.

An exploration of positive leisure activities in Batswana families

This study’s aim was to explore and describe positive leisure activities in South African Batswana families. The research employed a qualitative, explorative-descriptive research design. The population included adult Tswana family members residing in Mafikeng in the North West Province of South Africa. Through the utilization of purposive sampling, the sample size (seven families consisting of 13 individual adult family members, three males and 10 females, mean age of 34) was determined through data saturation. Family semi-structured interviews were utilized to collect data and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings allude to five main themes: participants’ understanding of family leisure, positive leisure activities families engage in, leisure activities families enjoy the most, the role of positive leisure activities, and the role played by leisure activities during Covid-19 and lockdown in 2020.

Family leisure and negative links between family of origin adversity and marital satisfaction

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluated family leisure as a moderator of negative associations between family of origin adversity and subsequent marital relationship satisfaction.BackgroundNegative experiences during childhood often affect marital outcomes. However, the vulnerability‐stress‐adaptation model of marriage suggests couples can adapt in healthy ways to manage vulnerabilities. Family leisure is often used to address stress. Family leisure remains a strong predictor of relationship well‐being due to its ability to strengthen emotion regulation and build psychological resources, motivating an evaluation of family leisure as a potential ameliorating factor for links between family of origin adversity and marital relationship satisfaction.MethodThe study used a national dyadic sample of heterosexual married couples from the Couple Relationships and Transition Experiences (CREATE) study in the United States in 2021 (N = 1,462 couples). This study estimated an actor–partner interdependence model with dyadic connections and individual controls to evaluate family leisure in the context of married couples with past family of origin adversity.ResultsFamily leisure positively associated with marital satisfaction directly but did not moderate family of origin adversity.ConclusionThe study confirmed negative links between family of origin adversity and marital relationship satisfaction. Although the study also confirmed positive links between family leisure and relationship satisfaction, family leisure was not helpful as a buffer for family of origin adversity.ImplicationsFindings suggest couples with family of origin adversity should not use family leisure as a primary means of addressing stress from family of origin experiences to help with marriages and may have more success with other strategies.

2023 Family Life Survey of National Family Center Users

The purpose of this study was to describe the family life and relationships of national family center users in 2023. A sample of 1,086 adults was recruited from 48 family centers across South Korea. Participants, both online and offline, reported on various aspects of family life, including satisfaction, gender equality, workhome- life balance, family leisure, and internet usage for family and household purposes. Additionally, family relationships were explored in terms of dynamics with a spouse, children, and adult children. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t -tests. In the family life domain, center users reported a high level of satisfaction, with women exhibiting greater awareness of gender equality and higher engagement in household chores than men. Furthermore, although a moderate balance among work, home, and life was reported, time emerged as a significant challenge for family leisure. Regarding technology, center users frequently utilized the internet for family communication, leisure, shopping, and household management. In the family relationships domain, men were more satisfied with spousal relationships than women. Center users reported high satisfaction with parentchild relationships. Parents of school-aged children perceived economic burdens, while those with adult children frequently provided psychological and instrumental support. These findings suggest the need for program modification and the development of new initiatives within national family centers to better support the diverse needs of families in terms of life satisfaction and relationship dynamics.

Challenges faced by the family members of bipolar patients: a case study

Support systems can change lives. However, their own lives are filled with burdens and responsibilities. When people go through normal mood swings, it not only affects them but also the ones surrounding them. To help those who are living with someone who is already living with bipolar disorder, it is important to conduct an in-depth analysis of the lives and suffering of family members. Family members or caregivers face numerous uncertainties that could be explored through a qualitative study and how family members deal with such challenges. Family members of four patients were thoroughly interviewed, and their challenges were analyzed under six dimensions—financial burden of the caregivers, disruption of routine family activities, disruption of family leisure, disruption of family interaction, physical health of the caregivers and mental health of the caregivers—by considering the Family Burden Interview Scale developed by Pai and Kapur in 1981. Instances of disruption in family leisure, activities, and interactions were greater than the physical health and financial burdens. Financial burden was more evident in nuclear families living in rural areas. While considering the mental health of the caregivers, most of them mentioned stress due to increased responsibilities.

A New Conceptualization of World History in the Context of the History of Climate Changes. Book Review: Terje Tvedt. History of the World: The Past is a Mirror of the Present. Kharkiv: Family Leisure Club, 2023. 368 p.

A New Conceptualization of World History in the Context of the History of Climate Changes. Book Review: Terje Tvedt. History of the World: The Past is a Mirror of the Present. Kharkiv: Family Leisure Club, 2023. 368 p.

An Application of the Core and Balance Model of Family Leisure Functioning to Study Leisure Activities Practised by Families from Wielkopolska

The purpose of this study was to examine family leisure involvement in 60 Polish families from Wielkopolska from the perspective of parents and their children. The Core and Balance Model of Family Leisure Functioning (CBM) was used to examine the relationship between core and balance activities and the level of satisfaction with family leisure involvement. Two questionnaires were used: the Family Leisure Activity Profile (FLAP) and the Family Leisure Satisfaction Scale (FLSS). The families in the sample were found to take part in core activities more frequently. While the level of involvement in family leisure was average, the level of satisfaction derived from it was relatively high. The findings indicate that the Polish version of the FLAP can be a useful tool in the study of leisure behaviour of Polish families.

Polish Family Leisure: Psychometric Properties of the Polish Version of the Family Leisure Activity Profile (FLAP)

The main goal of this study was to present the validity and reliability indices of the Polish version of the FLAP scale. Psychometric properties of the Polish version of the FLAP were evaluated using family leisure ratings from 340 parents and children (aged 11–16 years) from the state of Wielkopolska, Poland. Several modifications were made to the Polish version of the questionnaire for this study based on consideration of the Polish culture. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed for four models in accordance with the instructions of the authors of the FLAP. The findings indicate that the Polish version of the FLAP is a reliable instrument to employ for research and study on Polish families. The results also suggest acceptable levels of reliability for research purposes and criterion-related evidence of validity, though psychometric verification of the instrument showed that research should continue.

Growing, learning, sharing, and healing through Home Garden Network: A social capital framework

AbstractObjectiveThe study addresses two research inquiries: evaluating the effectiveness of the Home Garden Network (HGN) program in attaining its four intended outcomes (learning, growing, sharing, and healing) as well as exploring the social capital mechanisms in facilitating the four outcomes.BackgroundDrawing from Coleman's social capital theory, the HGN program was developed in response to common issues many families experience: the lack of family leisure time, dietary‐related health issues, and food insecurity.MethodsIndividual interviews were conducted with eight program participants.ResultsThe findings revealed that the program produced the four intended outcomes in which the three forms of social capital (i.e., information channels, reciprocity, and social norms) served as mechanisms that explained the outcomes. Through information channels, participants learned from their network members as well as the program facilitators. Reciprocity is fostered through a system where families take turns assisting each other in growing their gardens, establishing a sense of mutual obligation. Social norms encourage the sharing of produce and plants, reinforcing a collective culture of generosity. Reciprocal relationships further strengthened their interpersonal bonding experiences, providing participants with a sense of group identity and belonging, and hence healing. In addition, families utilize their gardens as a communication starter, establishing social norms of routines and responsibilities that promote family cohesion.ConclusionThe study validates the HGN program in achieving its learning, growing, sharing, and healing objectives.ImplicationsThe program offers implementation opportunities for human services organizations and land‐grant universities, aligning with social policies promoting food security and healthy lifestyles.

Optimization of Village Tourism Development Strategy in Tulungagung: SWOT Approach

Tulungagung Regency is an area in which each village has tourism potential. Mbalong Kawuk, for example, was created as a tourist attraction and family leisure by Village- Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) Sumbermulyo, in collaboration with the administration of Sumberejo Kulon Village. Due to the high level of competition for tourist attractions and family recreation in Tulungagung, the management and village government must be able to devise strategies and innovations in the development of tourist attractions in order to compete for new market spaces where other attractions do not exist. The purpose of this research is to uncover internal and external elements in Mbalong Kawuk and to build tourist development plans in the face of commercial rivalry. The SWOT data analysis approach was applied in the case study. According to the findings of this study, Mbalong Kawuk is in quadrant I, indicating that the market has both strength and potential.
 Keywords: tourism development strategy, BUMDes, SWOT analysis

Объекты семейного досуга как драйвер развития города

The study examines the issue of developing family leisure facilities within the context of urban space management. The relevance of this problem lies in research indicating that families engaged in family leisure activities tend to be stronger, psychologically healthier, and more inclined towards traditional values, which is crucial for overcoming negative demographic trends. The digital era has significantly altered the functions of the family institution, increasing atomization within families due to the development of entertainment technologies and reduced necessity for joint activities compared to earlier times. Therefore, enhancing the role of the family in society is possible only through family institution development, which is unattainable without shared leisure time, i.e., family leisure activities. The study categorizes family leisure facilities by types and basic categories such as physical and spiritual activities, and examines the decision-making process within families regarding shared leisure activities. This process identifies opportunities for state support of decisions favoring family leisure activities and presents a range of measures to enhance the popularity of such activities. In the context of urban development management, the study explores expanding support measures for starting business in the family leisure industry. One of the most effective measures could involve methodological support across various categories of family leisure facilities, significantly lowering entry barriers in this industry. The article also discusses demographic, social, economic and healthcare benefits for municipal authorities related to developing family leisure facilities within their territories. Popularizing family leisure activities acts as a driver for improving urban spaces and enhancing the quality of life for the population.

Leisure practices as a factor of family conflicts (based on the materials of a sociological study in Barnaul)

The subject of this study is leisure practices as a factor of family conflicts. The relevance of studying the problem of leisure practices as a factor of family conflicts lies in the fact that family leisure has a significant impact on the relationships of family members, can improve relationships if properly organized, or aggravate conflict situations. The practical significance of the study is to increase the awareness of the adult generation about the importance of organizing family leisure, which will reduce the level of conflict in families. To study the influence of leisure practices on the occurrence of conflicts in the family, a methodology was developed and a sociological study was conducted among residents of the city of Barnaul. The study was implemented through a quantitative method of collecting information – a survey in the form of a questionnaire. In the process of scientific research, the following methods were used: descriptive method; categorization method; analysis method, as well as a survey. To study the influence of leisure practices on the occurrence of conflicts in the family, a methodology was developed and a sociological study was conducted among residents of the city of Barnaul. According to the results of the study on leisure practices as a factor of family conflicts, the following conclusions were made: Firstly, respondents prefer the consumption of different types of content as a form of family leisure. Secondly, respondents spend quite a lot of time organizing family leisure, it is logical that they are often interested in it. Thirdly, respondents believe that the main role of leisure is to strengthen and unite family members. They rarely argue about leisure, and when they argue, it is mainly because of its forms and content. Fourth, the level of conflict in the respondents' families is low. Respondents are more likely to encounter short-term and superficial conflicts, which indicates their desire to maintain close relationships.

ВПЛИВ МЕРЧАНДАЙЗИНГУ НА ПОВЕДІНКУ ПОКУПЦІВ

The purpose of the article is to investigate modern methods and tools of merchandising, as well as to determine the effectiveness of their influence on buyers. The article examines the role and significance of merchandising as an effective and necessary tool of marketing communications at points of sale. Considered how merchandising affects the behavior, psychological state, emotions, perception and satisfaction of buyers. Peculiarities, goals and tasks, objects, subjects, elements and forms of merchandising were studied. Merchandising has been found to influence consumer behavior, emotions, perceptions, and satisfaction levels using various techniques and tools such as colors, shapes, sizes, contrasts, symmetry, proportions, rhythm, harmony, and various social influences and interactions between people. Merchandising must also take into account cultural characteristics and differences that influence consumer behavior and choice. Examples of the use of modern effective merchandising techniques by the domestic trade network aimed at attracting buyers and stimulating them to spontaneous and additional purchases are given. It was determined that an individual approach to design, the use of different styles of store equipment, the creation of an atmosphere that corresponds to the theme, history, culture or aesthetics of the store promotes the interest of buyers, turns the usual process of purchasing goods into an exciting experience, family leisure or a themed trip. The modern trends and prospects of merchandising in the conditions when there are more and more stores and the preferences of buyers are changing more and more quickly have been determined. It is noted that in merchandising it is necessary to use new technologies, such as virtual reality, augmented reality, artificial intelligence, big data, mobile applications, QR codes, RFID tags, NFC chips, electronic price tags, interactive displays, touch screens, voice assistants, recognition of faces, gestures, emotions, etc. Recommendations on the use of modern effective methods and tools of merchandising at the points of sale have been developed.

HOW GRANDPARENT COUPLES ENGAGE IN FAMILY LEISURE WITH GRANDCHILDREN

Abstract There is limited understanding of how grandparent couples negotiate time with grandchildren. Family leisure is often purposive by being planned, facilitated, and executed by parents or grandparents to achieve goals such as improved interaction, communication, and family cohesion. Moving beyond studies of counting time in leisure, few studies of family leisure have included how people experience leisure as couples. Guided by a life course approach, this qualitative study provides insight to an understanding of the process of family leisure among grandparent couples by examining how both individuals in a couple experience family leisure with their grandchildren. Grandparent couples (n=10) ranged in age from 60 to 75 years old (M=66.8, SD=5.01). The grandparents interviewed were not providing custodial care to their grandchildren. Participants completed individual interviews that were then analyzed at the couple level. Through constructivist grounded theory, this study developed a process model of grandparents’ decision-making that unfolded into four options for engaging in family leisure with grandchildren. The four options included: wanting a grandparent fix, going with the flow when invited by children, hosting grandchildren in their homes, and meeting expectations for family gatherings. Grandparent couples often described more than one option of family leisure based on their life course dimensions (i.e., individual, family, and sociohistorical). Implications for application in the fields of recreation and family sciences will be discussed.