False Hero Research Articles

7 SPHERES OF ACTION IN NETFLIX SERIES SHADOW AND BONE S1 (2021): A VLADIMIR PROPP’S THEORY PERSPECTIVE

ABSTRACT
 
 Seven spheres of action is a theory made by Vladimir Propp. The researcher analyzed the role of characters that appear in the Netflix series Shadow and Bone with this theory. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method. The result of this research shows there are six out of seven spheres of action that appear in this story which are: Alina Starkov as hero, King Pyotr as dispatcher, Baghra as donor, General Kirigan and Genya Safin as false hero, Malyen Oretsev, Zoya Nazyalensky, and The Crows (Kaz Brekker, Inej Ghava, Jesper Fahey) as helper, General Kirigan, Arken Visser, Dreesen, and General Zlatan as villain. The spheres of action the princess and her father did not appear in this series.

The Function of Dramatic Persona in the Film “The Menu” (2022)

This study aims to determine the portrayal of characters in the film The Menu 2022. In examining the characters in the film, The Menu, researcher conducted a characterization analysis which was classified into seven functions of dramatic characters through the theoretical framework of Vladimir Propp. This study is used because narratology theory can focus on the actions of a character who is limited in terms of meaning. Through this classification, researchers can find out the depiction of characters and the limits of their actions. The data collection method is carried out by qualitative methods and narrative analysis by collecting research results in the form of descriptions accompanied by screenshots. This study produced findings in the form of depictions of seven-character functions contained in the film "The Menu". The resulting conclusions, based on the data and analysis conducted in this research, reveal a deeper understanding of the narrative structure character’s function using dramatic persona analysis in the film "The Menu" and identify the roles and functions of the characters in the film. The result of this research, researcher found 7 dramatic persona function in the film. Such as, the villain, the donor, the helper, the dispatcher, princess/prize, the hero, and the false hero.
 Keywords: The Menu Movie, Vladimir Propp, Dramatic Persona, Narratology

Vladimir Propp’s Taxonomic Model of Narrative Functions in Selected Jane Austen’s Novels

This research aims to identify the taxonomic model of narrative functions by Vladimir Propp and to find out how these functions are distributed among the dramatis personae (spheres of action) in selected Jane Austen’s novels, they are Pride and Prejudice, Emma, Sense and Sensibility, and Persuasion. This descriptive qualitative research aims to describe the phenomenon and its characteristics. The data were collected qualitatively by documenting, examining, and classifying thoroughly. The results indicate 20 functions in Pride and Prejudice, 14 functions in Emma, 15 functions in Sense and Sensibility, and 22 functions in Persuasion. From the results, this research shows that Jane Austen’s fairytale novels are compatible and match the taxonomic model of narrative functions by Vladimir Propp. The results also show four dramatis personae in each novel (Hero, Villain, Donor, Helper). As for Sense and Sensibility, it has a False Hero. Furthermore, the results share similarities in the 13 functions and the happy endings marriage (W). At the same time, the differences are located in the different number of functions and their distribution, which influence the overall narratives.

Implementing Vladimir Propp's Theory of Narratology in Writing Skill using Bumi Manusia Movie

The main material object of this research is the movie Bumi Manusia. This research aims to reveal the narratives' function and learning aspect in the Bumi Manusia movie, which tells the story of patience and sacrifice in the face of European stereotypes of the natives. Then, this study also looks for the meaning of the struggle contained in each scene. This research analyzes the depiction of 31 narrative functions, the division of seven characterizations according to Propp, and the identification of various aspects of learning in the story. From the analysis, it is expected to find benefits to improving creative writing skills. The approach used in this research is qualitative and narrative structure, using Vladimir Propp's narrative theory. The results showed the structure of the Bumi Manusia movie as follows: there are 20 functions in the story. In analyzing the story above, it does not reach 31 narrative functions that are the same as Vladimir Propp's theory, and the order of the narrative functions is different from Propp's, and then there are repeated narrative functions. There are seven types of dramatic personae: villain, donor, helper, princess and her father, dispatcher, hero, and false hero. Despitefully, the various aspects of learning from the movie Bumi Manusia have deep messages in this story, including the religious, educational, and cultural aspects. Narrative structure is a fundamental aspect of writing that shapes the flow and impact of a story. Mastering narrative structure and integrating these elements into writing skills can create compelling and memorable stories that resonate with readers and leave a lasting impression

THE MODALITY OF PROPPIAN “FALSE HERO”: NEITHER A HERO NOR A VILLAIN IN (FOLK) NARRATIVES AND REAL LIFE

Being the contemporary of Roland Barthes and also prominent scholar in French Semiotics, and also known for founding the Parisian School of Semiotics, Algirdas Julien Greimas, with his formal trainings in structural linguistics shaped the theory of signification by adding plastic semiotics. Indeed, his masterly contributions that had given a new direction in the study of narratives include the famous semiotics square, actantial model, concepts of isotopy, narrative programme and the semiotics of the natural world. However, the actantial model developed by Greimas in 1966 provided an analytical tool for studying various actions carried out by different actors (“actants”) in a real or fictional story. Although developed from the suggestion given by Vladimir Propp that his [Propp’s] seven dramatis personae such as ‘villain’, ‘donor’, ‘helper’, ‘princess/sought-for-person’, ‘dispatcher’, ‘hero’, and ‘false hero’ could be reduced further, Greimas proposed the actantial narrative schema with six actants that manifest their movements of relationship along the line founded on knowledge and power. However, the ‘false hero’ as one of the dramatis personae could be seen as important as, and as similar to, others in the narrative structure, its modality is quite interesting, and it tends to warrant an academic discussion to contemplate its morphology. Taking few examples from folktales and drawing insights from the Greimasian actantial model, this study presents the semiotic account of the ‘false hero’ to highlight the fact that the ‘false hero’ occupies a significant place not only within the real and fictional stories but also in daily life, by explaining the veridictory modality structure of truth and falseness. By drawing examples from folktales, this article comprehends the nature of the ‘false hero’, who is neither a hero nor a villain, for providing a grammatical framework that facilitates our smooth handling of the notion that is indispensably occupying our everyday life. Therefore, the significance of this paper is that it is lessening our efforts to decipher the nature of different characters in different forms of narratives and their presentations in different media.

‘Inoculate Boys Against Toxic Masculinity’: Exploring Discourses of Men and Masculinity in #Metoo Commentaries

This article examines what discourses and assumed subject positions have emerged about men and masculinity in #MeToo debates. Using feminist critical discourse analysis and an exploratory approach to analyze 163 media articles, five key framings are noted: men are victims of masculinity requiring intervention, men are positioned as inherently ‘good’ or ‘bad’, boys and men are lost and need to be found, men are performative in their ‘awakenings’, and men’s take up of protector or allyship roles may in fact be attempts to be false heroes. The findings of this work note several tensions and contradictions that highlight an overall lack of coherency and agreement regarding men’s engagements with, and roles in, the #MeToo movement. These contradictions and tensions have implications for thinking about gender equality and gendered violence prevention initiatives.

Image of Power in the Context of Archetype Theory

Images of statesmen often reflect the social and social phenomena that occur in society, since they become the value choice of the majority of the population. This article proposes the hypothesis that values reflect the archetypes of the collective unconsciousness. In this regard, the study of archetypes, on the one hand, contributes to the creation of continuity of deep value bases between past and future generations. On the other hand, it allows to analyze and predict the success or failure of public and state initiatives. Also, in times of crisis and spread of pseudo-values, we can talk about the manifestation of the Shadow archetype in the images of false heroes in society. The article considers the archetype of the Shadow through the analysis of portraits of Russian political figures of the 90s, presented in the concept of Russian sociologist Zh.T. Toshchenko.

Narrative Functions of Ecology in The Novel Aroma Karsa by Dee Lestari

Nature and Literature have a related meaning relationship. Ecological aspects paradigmatically can have a role in telling the story of literary works. This study aims to determine the narrative functions of ecology in the novel Aroma Karsa. The method of this study is a narrative analysis with a literary ecology approach in the ontological, epistemological and axiological scope focusing on the characters’ narrative functions. The data are obtained through the documentation process, which is in-depth reading; with the aim of identifying, classifying and categorizing the story based on the concept of the narrative function by Vladimir Propp. The results of the study identify four characters who ontologically have a strong relation to the ecological aspects of the story, namely; Sangyang Batari Karsa/Puspa Karsa, Jati Wesi/Randu, Tanaya Suma/Malini, and Raras Prayugung. Epistemologically, it is known that Aroma Karsa (1) builds perception of the cultural environment and ideal environmental criteria, and (2) enriches the ecological knowledge of the readers. Axiologically, Aroma Karsa mutually reveals the symbolic relationship of nature with the readers’ cultural receptions related to myths, medications, fragrances, gender and cleanliness. There are 5 spheres of action (villain, hero, helper, false hero, princess) out of 7 with 24 supporting functions on 4 identified characters. The mechanism of narrative function uses special personage in the form of character condensation to convey the premise of the story. The mechanism of the narrative function is centered on Puspa Karsa who becomes the symbol of ecocentric narrative in the novel Aroma Karsa.

Grassroots community actors leading the way in the prevention of youth violent radicalization.

Violence-free family ties, non-violent peers or attachment to society have been pointed out as protective factors against different types of extremism and violent radicalization by international literature. However, more detail needs to be provided about which specific aspects within these realms (friendship/family/community) are effective in challenging violence and how they operate in practice. Recent research conducted under the framework of the PROTON project (Horizon 2020) has analyzed the social and ethical impacts of counter-terrorism and organized crime policies in six European countries. In this article we discuss some identified common features among practices that, developed by organized actors operating at the local level (e.g.: grassroots-based associations, educational institutions, other type of organized networks for prevention, NGOs), are contributing to preventing youth violent radicalization, a phenomenon of growing concern in Europe and beyond. Standing on a solid rejection to violence, these shared features are the following: a bottom-up approach in setting allies with key stakeholders from the community or/and family members to intervene; the promotion of trustworthy and healthy friendship relationships; debunking the lure surrounding violent subjects (“false heroes”) and violence in the different contexts, especially in the socioeducational one.

REPRESENTATION OF SAYURI AS GEISHA IN THE NOVEL MEMOIR OF GEISHA BY ARTHUR GOLDEN

The aims of this study is discover how this novel constructs Sayuri as a Geisha. In order to reach that results, this study figured out the functions of the narrative and connected it into seven spheres of action. Hence, in order to analysis the data, this study used qualitative method which all of the data had to be noted, identified, and then can be explained. This study used the theory of Vladimir Propp in order to figure the narrative structure out of the novel itself. Propp provided such tools to analyze the data. There are twelve functions out from thirty one found in this study: absentation, violation, trickery, mediation, departure, the first function of donor, branding, victory, unrecognized arrived, recognition, exposure, and wedding. The researcher figured out seven spheres of action” which are in the following list: The Hero, The Villain, The Donor, The Helper, and The False Hero. Sayuri here is depicted as object of sexuality for man. Almost all of men subdued over her.

Before isis: What Early America Thought of Islam

Early America engaged with Islam through multiple channels. As American missionaries traveled abroad in search of converts, and lived among Muslims, they often viewed the religion and its adherents through the lens of Christianity. For some, Islam’s prophet was a false hero, “an impostor,” and the message of the religion was an unfortunate pastiche of the Judeo-Christian tradition. Simultaneously, American scholars of religion and the ancient Near East in the nineteenth century approached the Islamic world out of an academic desire to understand Middle Eastern antiquity. Through this process of intellectual inquiry, the American academy eventually developed an interest in the study of Islam itself. Thus, two dominant strands of thought emerged that led to divergent discourses about Islam in the United States. These two discourses—an academic one versus a popular one rooted in missionary experiences—have endured and shaped the contemporary understanding of Islam in America.

What have we learned from the false heroes of chemistry?

3M was aware as early as 1979 that PFOS & PFOA would bio-accumulate around their production site and, as internal documents show, knew about the toxicity of PFOS as well as PFOA by the mid 80s. The company gradually stopped production as soon as environmental agencies caught on to it, priding itself for its environmentally friendly way of doing business. The fact that concentrations of other, different, but similar compounds keep increasing is extremely concerning. If history is not to repeat itself, regulators and citizens must learn from the past.

Boogie, el aceitoso en la Colombia de los 80 y 90: el negro Fontanarrosa, Samper Pizano y el miedo al falso héroe

ABSTRACTThis article provides a study of the main character in the comic series Boogie, el aceitoso from three convergent perspectives. Each of these perspectives stem from our own subjective experiences as young readers of Boogie, but they are also informed by current academic concepts. The first perspective addresses the character of Boogie as a false hero in opposition to a myth that provides a heroic interpretation of the character’s motives. The second analyzes both the work of Daniel Samper Pizano—the renowned Colombian writer and journalist—as a cultural mediator, and the impact that this work had on the readership of a national newspaper in Colombia. Finally, the third perspective focuses on the aesthetic aspect of Boogie, the style of the drawings and the composition of the frames created by Fontanarrosa. The conclusion about the short-lived presence of Boogie in Colombian newspapers points to the idea that a criminal false hero was too sophisticated a parody for a society that, facing waves of violence, was unable to accept and comprehend the criticism incorporated in the character.

Desde lo mediático a lo real. Criminología mediática: la verdad de los medios a la audiencia; Estudio en Ecuador caso Karina Del Pozo

El análisis de criminología mediática en el caso del asesinato de Karina del Pozo ocurrido en febrero del 2013 al norte de Quito, tiene como propósito conocer el cómo la información que inicia desde los transmedia se traslada a los medios tradicionales como una noticia de crónica, y la misma evoluciona y se transforma en sensacionalista, involucrando historias que son del agrado e interés de la sociedad, y como estas historias pasan de los tradicionales a los transmedia, generando interacción directa involucrando un sumergimiento mucho más fuerte en las verdades difundidas, además conocer si la criminología mediática fue parte del proceso en el caso de estudio. El análisis parte desde la concepción de la comunicación como proceso esencial para los seres humanos y como la misma manejada por la criminología mediática, se toma como medio de estudio a las noticias generadas por los principales medios del país, que se transformaron en amarillista, ocasionando percepciones erróneas dentro de la sociedad y de la justicia, héroes falsos y villanos inocentes. La información analizada fue extraída de redes sociales, prensa, televisión y el documental realizado por Teleamazonas en el año 2017.

Blind idealism in Ibsen's Brand

It has been 112 years since the last play was written by Henrik Ibsen, and he still lives on through his works as a modern dramatist. His plays cannot be set aside; even in our time, they demand to be studied more than ever before. Ibsen has been studied and performed all around the world, especially in Asia, where he speaks to the political and social needs of that part of the world. The combination of current political circumstances, social inequalities, and human rights has given his plays a special urgency in Asia. However, even though Ibsen has seen a particular resurgence in Asia and the Middle East, the terrible events of 22 July 2011 in Oslo and Utøya bear certain traces of Ibsen in his country of birth as well. A false hero, trumpeting himself as a true philosopher in a land in need of rescue, brings only chaos and destruction. Ibsen is considered, from one side, as an idealist whose heroes are divine for rescuing the society from their life-lie. On the other side, he is as a deflator of heroism and a derider of blind idealism. To the former, in his hypothetical society, there is a triangular form at the apex of which a leader stands to lead the masses up from the base. The question is raised here: how do Ibsen’s plays enlighten the debate on the contemporary socio-political issues? By applying historical approach along with contextual methodology, this study answers the above question. The significance of conducting this study on Ibsen’s plays is to know the response of his plays to the current political matters.

Twisted Eulenspiegel: An Educational Approach To Role Playing In The Narrative Contexts

The theoretical framework of this study combines the concepts of role playing, storytelling and perspective taking in the creation of an interactive virtual environment, in order to assess and train the ability of students in primary and secondary level to take the point of view of the characters of a narrative. In order to develop this sense of “role” in an interactive virtual environment, we relied on the Vladimir Propp's work on morphology of fairy tale. With regard to the identification of literary material, we have focused attention on the cycle of stories of Till Eulenspiegel. The research path provides a virtual reconstruction of the world of Till, through interactive 3D animation that represents the scenario of the tales: a medieval town in which we developed an objective view, a vision of the entire district in Third Person Camera, and a subjective view, in First Person Camera, centered on the point of view of the character. Students will, therefore, deconstruct and reconstruct the original story, basing on the answers which they give to Till Eulenspiegel, becoming in turn deuteragonists or antagonists, villains or donors, helpers or false heroes.. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p1118

Narrative and Legitimacy: U.S. Congressional Debates about the Nonprofit Sector

This article develops a theory about the narrative foundations of public policy. Politicians draw on specific types of narratives in order to connect the policies they are proposing, the needs of the public, and their own needs for legitimacy. In particular, politicians are drawn to policy narratives in which they themselves occupy the central and heroic character position, and where they are able to protect the scope of their jurisdictional authority. We demonstrate how this works through a historical analysis of congressional debate about the nonprofit sector in the United States. Two competing narratives framed these debates: (1) a selfless charity narrative, in which politicians try to empower heroic charity workers and philanthropists, and then stay out of the way; and (2) a masquerade narrative, in which fake charities are taking advantage of the nonprofit tax exemption, in order to pursue a variety of noncivic and dangerous activities. Members of Congress quickly adopted the masquerade narrative as the dominant framework for discussing the nonprofit sector because it provided a more powerful and flexible rhetoric for reproducing their political legitimacy. By developing innovative elaborations of the masquerade narrative (i.e., identifying new categories of “false heroes”), while remaining faithful to its underlying narrative format, politicians were able to increase the persuasive impact of their legislative agendas. We argue that the narrative aspects of political debate are a central component of the policy-making process because they link cultural and political interests in a way that involves the mastery of cultural structure as well as the creativity of cultural performance.

Remembering Katrina

The terrifying and shameful images of Katrina and its aftermath are rapidly being replaced by “authorized” versions that sanitize, allocate blame, and create false heroes. This essay memorializes the victims by retrieving one almost lost image that truly commemorates the human suffering and criminal neglect that contributed to this enduring stain on a nation’s conscience.

Milton Scholarship and theAgonoverSamson Agonistes1

Milton's “dramatic poem”Samson Agonistes has been justly described as a “major site of contestation within Milton studies.” The contest referred to concerns the status of Samson: is he a true or a false hero; should the reader approve or abhor his final act? The traditional view is that Samson, through a process of repentance and renewal of spirit charted through the poem's major episodes, becomes enabled for the role to which he had been dedicated by angelic promise, that he “should Israel from Philistian yoke deliver” (line 39). The revisionist view is that Samson is a false hero, intended by Milton to be contrasted with the true heroism of the Son in Paradise Regained. The critical argument has been more urgently interesting because within the lifetimes of today's critics, it has been impossible to discuss Samson Agonistes without an awareness of “terrorists” and “freedom fighters.” In this paper I chart the course of this controversy from 1969, with occasional references to earlier work, to 2001 and conclude that the revisionist case has never been convincingly argued. Revisionist critics fail to observe E. D. Hirsch's important distinction between a work's meaning and the significance that work might have for them as twentieth-century readers. Reading their own values back into Milton's work, they have denied the Samson of the poem his biblical role as justified freedom fighter, and re-labelled him as a terrorist. Such readings derive their plausibility from the fact that Samson Agonistes is the major poem of Milton's we must try to understand without the prompting of a narrative voice. I agree with those critics who take the view that the meaning of Samson Agonistes is both in principle and in fact recoverable, from an examination of the work itself and of its context within Milton's developing thought.

Existentialist Roots of Narrative Actants

It is time to rethink the history of narratology, a field of study that is undergoing a recontextualization and renaissance. Examining ways in which classical narrative theory was embedded in its cultural milieux, this paper reconsiders one chapter in the history of structuralist narrative analysis as it emerges in France in the 1960s. The paper focuses on the genesis—and the genealogy—of the concept of narrative "actants." Actants were originally construed as names for the basic and general roles that can be assumed by characters in the unfolding of a narrative. Structuralist theories owed much to Vladimir Propp's actantial typology, which included the villain, the donor, the helper, the sought-for-person and her father, the dispatcher, the hero, and the false hero. But existentialist theories of the self may also have inflected the way structuralist narratologists drew on linguistic theory to redescribe characters in stories as actants. Further, a more historically particularized account of actants may have significant methodological consequences for present-day analysts interested in using actantial models to study narrative.