Fair Revenue Distribution Research Articles

Bibliometric Analysis of Intelligent Systems for Early Anomaly Detection in Oil and Gas Contracts: Exploring Recent Progress and Challenges

The oil and gas industries are crucial to global economies, influencing geopolitics, driving technological advancements, employing millions, and impacting financial markets. The complexity and the volume of data generated by these industries demonstrate the need for efficient information management, where effective contract audits play a key role in ensuring market stability, transparency, fair revenue distribution, corruption mitigation, and enhancing industry integrity to attract investors. This study employs bibliometric analysis to explore the application of machine learning (ML) in detecting anomalous contracts within the oil and gas industry. This analysis identifies key research and challenges, laying the groundwork for further computational ML advancements. The PRISMA guidelines identify ML’s role from 2018 to 2023, including post-COVID-19. Principal component analysis (PCA) evaluates the bibliometric contributions of different countries and institutions. China, Indonesia, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, the University of Antwerp Operations Research Group, and the University of Pittsburgh emerge as significant contributors. These findings underscore ML’s pivotal role in fraud detection, risk mitigation, and cost savings, concluding that anomalous contract detection remains open to newer ML techniques and ongoing research.

An integrated MINLP model for multi-party coordination in downstream oil supply chain

Cooperation among enterprises can bring overall and individual performance improvement, and a smooth coordination method is indispensable. However, due to the lack of customized coordination methods, cooperation in the downstream oil supply chain cannot be carried out smoothly. This paper intends to propose a multi-party coordination method to promote cooperation between oil shippers and pipeline operator by optimizing oil transportation, oil substitution and pipeline pricing schemes. An integrated game-theoretic modeling and analysis approach is developed to characterize the operation behaviors of all stakeholders in the downstream oil supply chain. The proposed mixed integer nonlinear programming model constrains supply and demand capacity, transportation routes, oil substitution rules and pipeline freight levels. Logarithm transformation and price discretization are introduced for model linear approximation. Simulation experiments are carried out in the oil distribution system in South China. The results show that compared to the business-as-usual scheme, the new scheme saves transportation cost by 3.48%, increases pipeline turnover by 5.7%, and reduces energy consumption and emissions by 7.66% and 6.77%. It is proved that the proposed method improves the revenue of the whole system, achieves fair revenue distribution, and also improves the energy and environmental benefits of the oil supply chain.

Tri‐layer low‐carbon distributed optimization of integrated energy systems based on hybrid games under stochastic scenarios

AbstractThe low‐carbon development of integrated energy systems is achieved via the sharing of multiple energy interactions by park‐level IES (PIES).However, coordinating profit distribution conflicts among complex interactive stakeholders in stochastic scenarios is challenging. Accordingly, this study proposes a novel tri‐layer framework that aggregates different game mechanisms to investigate the interactions between PIESs and coupled energy markets. First, a linkage trading mechanism is proposed by integrating carbon emissions trading and green certificate trading, which establishes a coupled electricity‐carbon‐green certificate market. Consequently, a park aggregation operator acts as an intermediary between PIESs and the coupled market, setting upper‐level purchase and sale prices to guide unit generation in each PIES using the Stackelberg game theory. Subsequently, the Nash game theory is applied to realize cooperative bargaining among PIESs for a fair revenue distribution. Further, the impact of uncertain environments is considered by utilizing stochastic scenario methods and the conditional value‐at‐risk theory. To protect the privacy of each participating agent while improving the convergence speed, a differential evolutionary method is combined with analysis target cascading to solve the framework. Finally, the proposed scheduling method is validated by utilizing a typical case to optimize conflicting PIES interests in multiple scenarios and realize decarbonisation.

Peer-to-peer energy sharing with demand-side management for fair revenue distribution and stable grid interaction in the photovoltaic community

Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy sharing is considered a promising mode for developing the energy market, while the fairness of revenue distribution and utility grid stability is not widely concerned when implementing P2P energy sharing. Demand-side management (DSM) offers flexibility for community residents to participate in the P2P electricity market, which could help improve these issues. In this study, an innovative energy management method that integrates DSM into P2P energy sharing is proposed. It uses a uniform pricing and energy allocation mechanism based on the ratio of supply to demand, to ensure that every household can fairly participate in P2P sharing and enjoy low-cost PV electricity. Some evaluation indexes, i.e., power fluctuation factor and inequality index, are proposed to measure the grid stability and the fairness of revenue distribution. By considering these evaluation indexes and the total cost of the community, a multi-objective optimization approach is used to obtain the optimal scheduling scheme for flexible loads when community residents participate in the P2P sharing. The simulation results indicate that, compared to only P2P energy sharing, the proposed method could reduce the overall cost of the community, power fluctuation factor, and inequality index by 16.8%, 76%, and 62.6%, respectively.

Promote or Demote? Investigating the Impacts of China's Transferable Development Rights Program on Farmers' Income: A Case Study from Chongqing.

China has been undergoing rapid urbanization and industrialization process since the adoption of economic reform and open-door policy in 1978, which is leading to tremendous urban growth and encroachment on rural farmland. To address the conflicts between urban development and farmland protection, the Chinese government introduced the transferable development rights (TDR) program named the Link Policy, and it was popularized nationwide given the tremendous land revenue from policy implementation. However, as farmers are the key stakeholders, the impacts of the policy on farmers' income need to be examined and justified. Thus, this paper aims to fill this gap by taking Chongqing as a case study. The synthetic control method was introduced to construct a synthetic Chongqing without the policy implementation using the 49 municipal cities and Chongqing during 2000-2017. Findings from the analysis indicate that Chongqing's TDR program significantly promoted farmers' income at the beginning of the policy implementation, while the positive impacts became weak afterward. Based on these findings, a few policy suggestions including a fair revenue distribution scheme and protection of farmers' land use rights are offered to facilitate the policy implementation and increase farmers' household income in the coming future.

Economic factors in microsurgery-Report of the consensus workshop of the German-Speaking Society for Microsurgery of Peripheral Nerves and Vessels-(DAM)

In addition to outcome assessments, cost effectiveness of surgical treatments becomes increasingly important. Both, insurance companies and hospital administrations aim for short and efficient procedures to reduce costs.Microsurgical procedures are often surpassing traditional treatment options in terms of function and aesthetics. However, they are more expensive as they require a high level of surgical expertise, more theatre capacity and longer inpatient treatment. Adequate reimbursement is mandatory, if we want to continuously perform these procedures with the best possible quality and outcome. To cover the case-related expenses of each specialty, multidisciplinary procedures require appropriate distribution of reimbursements to each department.The main diagnosis as well as all complications and relevant comorbidities should be documented to obtain the correct DRG. The additional financial benefit of a microsurgical procedure in a multidisciplinary case can be calculated by specifying the procedural increment in pay. Therefore, a fair distribution of revenues to each participating department should be performed. Different models exist, which lead to a benefit in compensation for all departments. Unfortunately, distribution of resources is still insufficiently managed in many hospitals, which hampers high quality multidisciplinary microsurgical procedures. Still, picking the best possible procedure for our patients, independently of financial incentives, is of utmost importance.

Nuclear Power as a System Good: Organizational Models for Production along the Value-Added Chain

Due to its technical complexity, the co-production of electricity generation and nuclear weapons, and its high fixed costs, nuclear power is a particularly complex commodity, which poses unusual challenges for state economic (or industrial, defense, innovation etc.) policy. As in other sectors, the question arises here, too, of an adequate division of private and public responsibilities, in other words competition and planning, taking into account knowledge aspects, incentive structures, transaction costs and a fair distribution of revenues and burdens. The nuclear sector requires an upstream of a knowledge base, institutional and physical infrastructure (sites, transport, waste storage, etc.) and legal and institutional infrastructure. In this paper we apply the system good analysis developed by Beckers et al. (2012) and Gizzi (2016) to the nuclear power sector and identify ideal-typical organizational models for the value-added stages of the so-called nuclear front-end (mining, conversion, enrichment, fuel fabrication), constructing nuclear power plants, decommissioning and long-term storage as well as the respective interfaces between these stages. The main purpose of this overview paper is to assign tasks, rights and duties to organizations (stakeholders) at the various stages of the value chain and to define the interface problems. We use an institutional economics approach, which focusses on the provisioning decisions and production between public authorities and private actors. In addition to a general overview, we focus on the back-end of the nuclear energy value chain, the decommissioning of facilities and the short- and long-term disposal of radioactive waste.

The optimistic–pessimistic revenue distribution in the presence of imprecise data

In many situations, a common revenue or benefit must be distributed amongst a set of beneficiary decision making units (DMUs) with imprecise data represented by fuzzy or stochastic data. A fair revenue distribution can certainly increase the motivation of DMUs for improving their performances. The share of each DMU must be determined according to its eligibility. To access a fair distribution, we use an optimistic–pessimistic approach of data envelopment analysis which considers both weaknesses and strengths of DMUs. This method determines the share of each DMU according to a combination of its minimum and maximum possible shares which are respectively obtained under the pessimistic and optimistic approaches.

‘Renewables? Yes, please!’: perceptions and assessment of community transition induced by renewable-energy projects in North Frisia

A renewable-energy transition evokes the question ‘Renewables? Yes, please!’ or ‘Renewables? No, thanks!’ to people, communities and regions, because it initiates a physical and social transition to places and communities. Although ‘community renewable energy’ emerged as a grassroots-based innovation and is thus of increasing interest to the public and politicians, actual interwoven community benefits and challenges of renewable-energy projects are not well understood yet. Recent studies mainly consider potential community benefits and not experienced benefits and hardly address challenges which affected communities face. To address this research gap, we empirically investigated how people perceive community-based renewables and assess the change in the social fabric of communities, the so named ‘community transition’ resulting as outcome of local energy transition. We explored trade-offs between benefits and challenges by conducting a regional literature analysis, two sets of interviews in municipalities of North Frisia (Germany) and a household survey in one of them. Our results lead to two important insights: First, community renewables provide interwoven and offsetting physical, environmental, social, economic, planning and political benefits and challenges for communities. Second, a local participatory process and a fair distribution of revenues are essential for the success of community benefits, holding the potential for a sustainable development in rural areas. Thus, multifaceted and interlinked local benefits but also challenges of local energy transition need to be addressed more by developers and political decision-makers in order to enable and retain positive, sustainable outcomes of community renewable-energy projects.

Values-based Food Chains from a Transatlantic Perspective: Exploring a Middle Tier of Agri-food System Development

Growing demand for local and organic food sourcing in the EU and the US has inspired inquiry into mid-level food supply chains that can distribute differentiated foods at a regional level in the relational and market space between large-scale commodity markets and direct markets. Values-based food chains (VBFCs) have been identified as a particular type of mid-tier supply chain formed through creating alliances between producers and their supply chain partners to distribute significant volumes of high-quality, differentiated food products while maintaining transparent relationships and fair distribution of revenues. The values associated with VBFCs may be social, cultural, economic, environmental or quality related; they may be linked to the products, the production process, and/or the characteristics of the relationships among the supply chain participants. This introduction to the Special Issue contextualizes empirical studies from the EU and North America and compares the VBFC framework with other approaches to understanding food system change.

Farmer share and fair distribution in food chains from a consumer’s perspective

Discussions about fair revenue distribution in food supply chains gained importance in 2008 when European milk producers entered a strike against dairy processing companies (EU milk strike). A broad discussion in the media emerged, provoking civil society as well as politics to get involved in a debate over fair prices for farmers. During the milk strike, consumers in Germany were to a large extent sympathetic with the farmers, while food retailers were seen as the main cause of the problem. However, the question what fairness and a fair revenue distribution in food production meant remained unanswered. Hence, this study aims to analyze consumer perceptions of what a fair revenue distribution is in food chains and to determine what factors contribute to fairness perceptions of the farmers’ share. Through an online survey conducted in November 2012, German consumers were asked to estimate the distribution of the food dollar among different supply chain partners and to indicate what a fair distribution should look like. This paper contributes to the literature of the perceived unfair compensation of farmers and provides empirical examples of the concepts of distributive, procedural and interactional fairness. The findings of the survey showed that farmers are mainly perceived as being treated unfairly in supply chains and should get more compensation from a consumer’s point of view. Food retailing should mainly lose shares in this context. A fair distribution of revenues is influenced by distributive considerations, process control and interactional fairness, revealing that non-monetary aspects are also influencing fairness perceptions of revenue distribution in food chains.