Peer-to-peer energy sharing with demand-side management for fair revenue distribution and stable grid interaction in the photovoltaic community

Abstract

Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy sharing is considered a promising mode for developing the energy market, while the fairness of revenue distribution and utility grid stability is not widely concerned when implementing P2P energy sharing. Demand-side management (DSM) offers flexibility for community residents to participate in the P2P electricity market, which could help improve these issues. In this study, an innovative energy management method that integrates DSM into P2P energy sharing is proposed. It uses a uniform pricing and energy allocation mechanism based on the ratio of supply to demand, to ensure that every household can fairly participate in P2P sharing and enjoy low-cost PV electricity. Some evaluation indexes, i.e., power fluctuation factor and inequality index, are proposed to measure the grid stability and the fairness of revenue distribution. By considering these evaluation indexes and the total cost of the community, a multi-objective optimization approach is used to obtain the optimal scheduling scheme for flexible loads when community residents participate in the P2P sharing. The simulation results indicate that, compared to only P2P energy sharing, the proposed method could reduce the overall cost of the community, power fluctuation factor, and inequality index by 16.8%, 76%, and 62.6%, respectively.