Fair Manner Research Articles

Performance analysis of cryptography algorithms for implementation of secured cloud based online voting system

Any democratic country intends to conduct the elections in a smooth and fair manner such all the citizens of the country participate and elect their leader who can involve himself/herself for the development of the country. Inspite of wide publicity and measures taken for ensuring the participation of all the citizens in the election process, most of the countries are unable achieve 100% voting rate in elections. Among the many reasons for reduction in voting rate, migration of the voters is one of the major reasons for reduction in voting rate. Even though technology and online services have been used in almost all the aspects of day-to-day activities, online features have not been utilized in the process of voting during elections. This paper tries to analyze the performance of the cloud based secured framework by implementing it using PHP and mySQL. Security of the framework is implemented using rivest shamir adleman (RSA), advanced encryption standard (AES) and Blowfish cryptography algorithms.

Artificial intelligence, machine learning and big data in natural resources management: A comprehensive bibliometric review of literature spanning 1975–2022

Applying artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and big data to natural resource management (NRM) is revolutionizing how natural resources are managed. To gain more insights into the domain, we use 394 Scopus-indexed documents to explore the thematic evolution and explore future research directions. We found that the topics related to AI, ML, and big data for natural resource management have increased significantly since 2012. While “Remote Sensing” is the most productive journal, S. Alqadhi and J. Mallick are the most contributing authors, and the United States has been the most contributing country. While the keywords “sustainable development” and “remote sensing” have been growing steadily since 1975, “natural resource modeling” and “machine learning” have been more popular during the last few years. The thematic analysis reveals that the existing literature is concentrated around four clusters, and the content analysis of the clusters uncovers 15 future research agendas. These research agendas include the development of efficient strategies for NRM, understanding the role of AI and ML in natural resource management, leveraging data-driven methods for decision-making, and developing models for interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral approaches. The study provides important implications of using technology in NRM. These technologies help policymakers create effective policies, improves assessment and decision-making, and optimizes resource use. These advancements benefit society by increasing access to essential resources in a fair manner, and they have positive impacts on both the public and private sectors, enabling evidence-based policymaking and responsible resource extraction. Collaboration and investment in these technologies are crucial for achieving sustainable development and preserving natural resources for future generations.

Pengaruh Intellectual Capital, Komite Audit, Komisaris Independen Terhadap Integritas Laporan Keuangan

A good financial report is a report that contains the company's condition accurately. The integrity of financial reports is a report that presents financial information in a fair, honest and impartial manner. This learning benchmark is an examination of the impact of intellectual capital, the Audit Committee, and the Independence of the Board of Commissioners regarding the Integrity of Financial Statements. This study uses a sample size of 45 information units from the transportation and logistics sector of nine companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. during the period 2017 to 2021 as research subjects. This analysis uses a quantitative approach which is based on a deliberate purposive sampling technique for selecting the sample. Information analysis was performed through information panel regression, and information checking was performed using eviews 12. Descriptive statistics, classic firm assumption testing and hypothesis testing using the regression model for the information panels were used. Based on the results of this study indicate that intellectual capital. The audit committee and the independence of the board of commissioners have an effect simultaneously. Meanwhile, the results of a partial examination of the committee and the independence of the board of commissioners have no effect on the integrity of financial reports, while intellectual capital has an effect on the integrity of financial statements.

Illegal Measures Influencing Voting Behavior in Traditional Communities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa District Dir Upper

The present study aimed to probe the illegal measures influencing voting behavior (VB) in traditional communities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. To obtain study objectives, a sample size of 317 respondents (212 males and 105 females) were picked from 12 randomly selected villages belonging to 06 selected union councils (UC) of 06 tehsils in District Upper Dir, KP. A conceptual framework comprised of illegal measures (independent variable) and voting behavior (dependent variable). Data was collected through a pre-tested interview schedule; chi-square and Fisher exact tests were applied to get the results. Based on chi-square test statistics, the association between VB and illegal measures attributes was found significant as dismantled as the use of legal and illegal means in an election (P=0.026); made wealth especially (P=0.008); converted the overall politics into money politics (P=0.007); to coax poor voters deny their role in the decision-making process (P=0.037) respectively. At the multivariate level, results dismantled the associations between illegal measures, and VB was non-spurious for both males and females (while controlling the gender of the respondents). Corrupt electoral practices, raising campaign funds by making promises of illegal benefits, provoking agents of influencing VB negatively in order to conduct elections in a very free and fair manner, effective policies along with the implementation of court verdicts along with some moral values in the code of conduct against illegal measures are the needs of the day in light of the present study.

Алгоритм оценивания публикационной активности преподавателей вузов, направленный на улучшение научно-педагогической деятельности

Purpose: To create a more effective algorithm for evaluating the publication activity of lecturers in comparison with the existing algorithms for the formation of the Hirsch index and ghp-index. Methods: The algorithm includes a mathematical description of all published works of the lecturer and their citations. The results of the scientific activity of the lecturer are reflected using the matrix form of recording statistical source data, consisting of citations for each published work of the author. The sequence of citations of publications in the matrix is determined by the non-increasing nature of citations in subsequent publications compared to the previous ones. The constructed matrix of the distribution of citations S by published works is rebuilt into a block matrix, which includes the following block matrices: H is the base matrix defining the Hirsch index; G is the matrix of significant publications located above the Hirsch matrix; P is the matrix of less-cited works of the lecturer; O is the zero matrix. The formed matrices have allowed the introduction of the following indices using Euclidean norms: h — Hirsch index, g — index of significant publications and p — index of intensive work. In turn, these indices have allowed to determine the following as Euclidean norms: gh — the index of basic significant publications, hp — the index of intensive work of a lecturer and a comprehensive ghp-index that takes into account all the published works of a lecturer and all their citations. The ghp-index has been improved by introducing weighting coefficients for its constituent indices. Results: The ratings of a team of 20 lecturers has been formed using a sample from the RSCI with the help of the Hirsch index and the A-ghp index. It is shown that the proposed algorithm is more effective in comparison with the Hirsch index and other introduced indexes. Practical significance: The conducted research has allowed to substantiate the possibility of using an improved comprehensive index to distribute the incentives of a team of lecturers in a differentiated and fair manner according to their rating. The algorithm aims to improve the scientific and methodological activities of lecturers by providing fair and accurate ranking of the members of their collectives.

Penerapan Keadilan Restoratif Pada Tindak Pidana Ringan di Kejaksaan Negeri Yogyakarta

Restorative justice practices are used to resolve criminal cases with minor or minor losses that do not have to be resolved through court but can be resolved at the Police and Prosecutor's Office stages. The resolution of the case can be carried out in a fair and balanced manner for the victim and the perpetrator, which is achieved through restorative justice by prioritizing restoration to its original state and improving community relations. Based on this, this article will discuss further the application of restorative justice to minor crimes at the Yogyakarta District Prosecutor's Office. This research uses a normative empirical method which refers to secondary data originating from the law and primary data originating from interviews with informants. The data processing process is carried out systematically and logically and processed in order to get a concise picture. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the failure factor in implementing restorative justice at the Yogyakarta Police or Police level is caused by the parties attending the mediation meeting, but not proposing and/or not responding to the results of the agreement, one of the parties violating the agreement and community factors that have not removed the stigma of crime. what the perpetrator did. The resolution of minor crimes through restorative justice at the Yogyakarta District Prosecutor's Office is carried out with peace efforts by the Public Prosecutor so that an agreement is reached between the suspect and the victim.

The Potential Utilisation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Enterprises

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a part of computer science that aims to create and develop intelligent machines. For AI to function and perform, it involves the development of algorithms and models that enable computers to learn from the data, identify patterns, and make predictions. Research indicates that AI can increase private industry output, decision-making, and effectiveness. AI can analyse vast amounts of data quickly and precisely, as well as identify patterns and trends (Marr, 2018). This makes AI well-suited for occupations requiring data processing and analysis, such as data entry, analysis, and customer service (Sharma, 2019). AI can also be used to automate processes and tasks (Sharma, 2019). Research implies that AI will impact jobs (WEF, 2018). This may involve providing individuals with training to improve their skills and knowledge to prepare them for occupations involving AI technology, as well as developing regulations and processes to ensure that AI is utilised in a fair, transparent, and accountable manner (WEF, 2018). An evaluation of AI's limitations and to ensure forecasting data is accurate and trustworthy (Marr, 2018). It is also crucial to consider the possibility of bias in AI systems and adopt precautions (WEF, 2018). Furthermore, AI offers many benefits but also presents problems, including the prospect of job loss, the likelihood of bias in AI algorithms, privacy, security, and ethical concerns (WEF, 2018). By identifying how enterprises are utilising AI, what is the impact of implementing AI in enterprise operations, how does it affect the efficiency, productivity, and overall performance of the business. This exploratory research begins with an insight into understanding AI, addresses how AI has been utilised and implemented into businesses, the ethical and societal considerations, and potential benefits and challenges businesses may confront. Ten interviews with leading industry experts using AI, followed by focus groups, have generated information. opinions, and key insights. By utilising the software Nvivo this quantitative research presents key themes and content findings to assist in educating enterprise personnel during AI decision-making and implementation stages.

Bit-Interleaved Multiple Access: Improved Fairness, Reliability, and Latency for Massive IoT Networks

Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks require massive connections in dense areas. Therefore, a resource efficient multiple access scheme seems inevitable to enable immense connectivity where multiple devices have to share the same resource block. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been considered as the strongest candidate in recent years. However, in this paper, by considering the practical implementation, we first provide a true power allocation (PA) constraint with finite alphabet inputs for conventional downlink NOMA and demonstrate that it cannot support massive connections in practical systems. To this end, we propose bit-interleaved multiple access (BIMA) scheme in downlink IoT networks. The proposed BIMA scheme implements bitwise multiaccess interleaving and deinterleaving at the transceiver ends and there are no strict PA constraints, unlike conventional NOMA, thus allowing a high number of devices in the same resource block. We provide a comprehensive analytical framework for BIMA by investigating all key performance indicators (KPIs) to present both information-theoretic (i.e., ergodic capacity EC and outage probability OP) and finite alphabet inputs (i.e., bit error rate BER) performance metrics with both instantaneous and statistical channel ordering. In addition, we define Jain’s fairness index and proportional fairness index in terms of all KPIs. Based on the extensive computer simulations, we reveal that BIMA outperforms conventional NOMA significantly, with a performance gain of up to 20-30 dB in terms of KPIs in some scenarios. In other words, compared to conventional NOMA schemes, the same KPIs are met in BIMA with 20-30 dB less transmit power, which is quite promising for energy-limited use cases. Moreover, this performance gain becomes greater when more IoT devices are supported. BIMA provides a full diversity order for all IoT devices and enables the implementation of an arbitrary number of devices and modulation orders, which is crucial for IoT networks where a huge number of devices should be supported in a single resource block in dense areas. In addition to the overall performance gain, BIMA guarantees a fairness system where none of the devices gets a severely degraded performance and the sum-rate is shared in a fair manner among devices. It guarantees QoS satisfaction for all devices. Finally, we provide an intense complexity and latency analysis for BIMA and demonstrate that it provides lower latency compared to conventional NOMA receivers, since it allows parallel computation at the receivers and no iterative operations are required. We show that compared to conventional NOMA receivers, BIMA reduces latency by up to 350% for specific IoT devices and 170% on average.

Cloud-Assisted IoT-Based Monitoring and Evaluation In Agriculture

Agriculture is the primary economic activity in many rural areas and emerging nations, and it serves as the economic backbone for many nations. The agricultural industry has come a long way since its humble beginnings, and it is now significantly more complicated and multi-faceted. The problem that challenges agriculture in the modern day is how to provide food for the entire world’s population in a fair and equitable manner while also preventing irreversible damage to the natural environment. Farmers’ traditional techniques are insufficient to meet the rising demand of food. The agriculture sector faces various challenges such as producing more and better products while enhancing the sustainability through the smart use of natural resources, minimizing environmental harm, and adapting to the climate change. The purpose of introducing information technology into agriculture is to save production costs, improve production efficiency, and accelerate the development of productivity. Geographic information system technology is widely used in agriculture, such as precision agriculture, land resource management, crop yield estimation and monitoring, and soil and water conservation. The characteristic of expert decision-making system is the logical reasoning of knowledge, and the advantage of network is the acquisition of knowledge. In this paper, the agricultural data obtained from the expert database are displayed in the form of a tree list and are used in the process of system design. The geospatial data can be uploaded through the map loading function, find the map path, and easily uploaded by modifying the expert database. Efficient agricultural policies are essential to meeting increasing demand for safe and nutritious food in a sustainable way. While growing demand for food, feed, fuel and fibre presents significant opportunities for agriculture, government policies must address challenges such as increasing productivity growth, enhancing environmental sustainability, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and improving adaptation and resilience in the face of climate change and other unforeseen shocks.

Fair and equitable AI in biomedical research and healthcare: Social science perspectives

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers opportunities but also challenges for biomedical research and healthcare. This position paper shares the results of the international conference “Fair medicine and AI” (online 3–5 March 2021). Scholars from science and technology studies (STS), gender studies, and ethics of science and technology formulated opportunities, challenges, and research and development desiderata for AI in healthcare. AI systems and solutions, which are being rapidly developed and applied, may have undesirable and unintended consequences including the risk of perpetuating health inequalities for marginalized groups. Socially robust development and implications of AI in healthcare require urgent investigation. There is a particular dearth of studies in human-AI interaction and how this may best be configured to dependably deliver safe, effective and equitable healthcare. To address these challenges, we need to establish diverse and interdisciplinary teams equipped to develop and apply medical AI in a fair, accountable and transparent manner. We formulate the importance of including social science perspectives in the development of intersectionally beneficent and equitable AI for biomedical research and healthcare, in part by strengthening AI health evaluation.

Sharing Data With Shared Benefits: Artificial Intelligence Perspective.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and data sharing go hand in hand. In order to develop powerful AI models for medical and health applications, data need to be collected and brought together over multiple centers. However, due to various reasons, including data privacy, not all data can be made publicly available or shared with other parties. Federated and swarm learning can help in these scenarios. However, in the private sector, such as between companies, the incentive is limited, as the resulting AI models would be available for all partners irrespective of their individual contribution, including the amount of data provided by each party. Here, we explore a potential solution to this challenge as a viewpoint, aiming to establish a fairer approach that encourages companies to engage in collaborative data analysis and AI modeling. Within the proposed approach, each individual participant could gain a model commensurate with their respective data contribution, ultimately leading to better diagnostic tools for all participants in a fair manner.

Practical and systematic approach using the steerable catheter and stylet-driven lead to deliver safe and effective left bundle branch area pacing.

Current delivery tools were not designed for left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP). Challenges using these tools include lack of reach into the right ventricle and poor support for the lead to penetrate the interventricular septum. Concerns using stylet-driven leads (SDL) for LBBAP have been previously highlighted. Knowledge and the technical know-how of using SDL for LBBAP need to be evaluated in a fair and consistent manner. A stepwise approach is devised for use of Agilis HisProTM steerable catheter with Tendril STS Model 2088TC lead for LBBAP and evaluated for safety and reproducibility. Consecutive patients undergoing LBBAP using the stepwise approach with Agilis HisProTM steerable catheter were analyzed. The safety, efficacy and reproducibility of the technique were evaluated. The lead parameters were analyzed in the immediate (1 day) and short-term period (3-6 months) post implantation. LBBAP was attempted in 41 patients using the stepwise approach of which 37 (90.7%) were successful. The lead parameters were stable in the immediate and short-term post implantation in all our patients. There was no significant difference between the group of patients with multiple repositioning of the lead compared to those successful at the 1st attempt. There were no acute or short-term lead and procedural complications. A stepwise and systematic approach using the Agilis HisProTM steerable catheter and proper handling of the Tendril STS Model 2088TC stylet-driven lead is an important part of the armamentarium to deliver LBBAP in a practical, effective and reproducible manner.

Determination of Sentences in India: Policy and Practice

AbstractJudiciary and litigation are the two most prominent types of activities within the legal profession. The judicial aspect of the profession entails the interpretation of laws and the administration of justice in a fair and impartial manner. As a concept, justice entails protecting society from offenders and evildoers who deviate from society’s norms and engage in illegal behaviour by punishing and sentencing them. Due to the predominance of the human factor in the legal profession, which has such a significant impact on the lives of all members of society, it is crucial to investigate whether there is a guiding force behind dispensing justice and, if so, how effective these guidelines or policy measures have been. As crime rates rise and societal standards fall in the contemporary era, the legal profession grapples with the complexities of modern criminal behaviour. Particularly in the realm of judicial sentencing, there is a need for guidelines that account for the diversity of crimes and their individualistic nature. In India, long pungencies in court cases and a decline in the State’s conviction rate further exacerbate these issues. This paper examines the pressing need for comprehensive, well-structured sentencing guidelines that promote transparency, fairness and efficiency in the judicial process. Through a detailed review of recent high-profile court cases and an analysis of current practices and policies, this paper highlights the urgency of reform in the sentencing process to enhance public trust in the legal system. This article provides additional information on the subject.

Health mediation - the aseptic system for conflict management in health

Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms (ADRM) are a possibility to resolve conflicts without the need to go to trial. The most used are mediation, conciliation, and arbitration. In this review we will focus specifically on mediation as an alternative for the resolution of medical legal conflicts. Where the history of the ADRM in Mexico and the evidence of the failure of the adversarial method for the resolution of doctor-patient conflicts will be reviewed. In addition, the incomplete role of the application in our country of the ADRM in the legal field will be highlighted and finally the successful experience of mediation to resolve this type of conflict in other countries of the world will be presented. In this way, the objective of this narrative review is to show that mediation can be an effective and beneficial option to resolve medical conflicts in a fair and equitable manner for all parties involved.

The Psychological Well-Being in Building Resilience of Indonesian Muslim Families: A Study of Hussein Muhammad's Thought

The relationship between husband and wife in the household is strongly influenced by the socio-cultural conditions of a society. In Indonesia, there are still many facts of life in husband-wife relationships that are still dominated by men in most aspects of life, both the distribution of rights and obligations as well as the authority and involvement of the parties in determining important family steps and decisions. This is because the culture in Indonesia is built on an unbalanced or unequal order in which men are placed as superior parties over inferior women. Husein Muhammad’s thinking can place the issue of husband-wife relations in a balanced and fair manner with all the variations of interpretation from century to century, from one hadith to another, and from one interpreter to another. His notion is also undoubtedly relevant to the concept of psychological well-being, which states that for a person to bring out their best potential, a person must be psychologically well, and one of the aspects that can affect psychological well-being is the pattern of relationships in the family. So, a balanced and fair relationship pattern will bring out the best potential in the family.

ANALISIS PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI MADRASAH ALIYAH AN-NUR BENER MERIAH


 Since the issuance of the circular letter of the Minister of Education and Culture on March 24, 2020, regarding the implementation of education in the emergency period of the spread of Covid-19, the learning process has been carried out throughout Indonesia online. This study aims to determine the implementation and process of making online learning policies, the media used in online learning, and the assessment carried out in online learning at Madrasah Aliyah An-Nur Bener Meriah. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research, data collection techniques are carried out by means of observation, interviews and documentation, while the data is analyzed using qualitative analysis. This study resulted in findings in the form of the implementation of online learning at Madrasah Aliyah An-Nur Bener Meriah since April 2020 after a discussion was held by the head of the madrasa with stakeholders. There are several media used in online learning at Madrasah Aliyah An-Nur Bener Meriah, including Whatsapp, Google Classroom, Zoom Meeting. Assessment is carried out in a formative, fair, objective and transparent manner to get feedback from students and parents.
 

Existence of EFX for two additive valuations

Fair division of indivisible items is a well-studied topic in Economics and Computer Science. The objective is to allocate items to agents in a fair manner, where each agent has a valuation for each subset of items. Envy-freeness is one of the most widely studied notions of fairness. Since complete envy-free allocations do not always exist when items are indivisible, several relaxations have been considered. Among them, possibly the most compelling one is envy-freeness up to any item (EFX), where no agent envies another agent after the removal of any single item from the other agent’s bundle. However, despite significant efforts by many researchers for several years, it is known that a complete EFX allocation always exists only in limited cases. In this paper, we show that a complete EFX allocation always exists when each agent is of one of two given types, where agents of the same type have identical additive valuations. This is the first such existence result for non-identical valuations when there are any number of agents and items and no limit on the number of distinct values an agent can have for individual items. We give a constructive proof, in which we iteratively obtain a Pareto dominating (partial) EFX allocation from an existing partial EFX allocation.

Legal Analysis of Fraud Disputes in Franchise Practices: An Overview of the Perspective of Civil Society Capita Selecta

This article discusses a legal analysis of fraudulent disputes that occur in franchise practices. The main focus of this analysis is to look at fraud disputes in franchise practices from the perspective of civil society capita selekta. This research was conducted by collecting data from relevant primary and secondary legal sources. In the context of franchising, fraud disputes occur when a franchisor knowingly commits fraud or provides false information to a franchisee with the aim of making a profit. This kind of fraud often involves misunderstanding of the franchise contract, injustice in business practices, lack of communication and support from the franchisor, and non-compliance with operational standards. This legal analysis of fraudulent disputes in franchise practices uses the principles of contract law, fairness and protection of rights. Contract law principles are used to interpret, enforce and enforce franchise contracts. The principle of justice ensures that dispute resolution is carried out in a fair and objective manner. Meanwhile, protection of rights is important in maintaining the integrity of the franchise industry and promoting the sustainability of this industry. In handling fraud disputes in franchising practices, it is important for franchisees to understand the franchise contract well and comply with the stipulated conditions. In the event of fraud on the part of the franchisor, the franchisee may bring legal claims based on breach of contract, unfair business practices or fraud. In conclusion, the application of legal principles in handling fraud disputes in franchise practices is very important. This article provides an overview from the perspective of civil society, taking into account the principles of contract law, justice and protection of rights. This research provides a better understanding of fraud disputes in franchise practices and their relevance in the context of civil law capita selekta.

Extremism and Islamophobia Against the Muslim Minority in Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka has witnessed many examples of anti-Muslim sentiment and violence since the end of the civil war, especially in 2014 when ethnic unrest affected many. Sinhalese monks and Buddhists appear to have played an important role in the unrest. The long war and ethnonationalist ideology have resulted in a political-religious shift associated with “Buddhist extremism,” which has an association with rioting and aggression against Muslims. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the attitude of Buddhist extremists in Sri Lanka towards Muslim minorities varies from time to time. This study uses the “library research” method where the main data includes books, journals, articles, and references related to research. Sri Lankan Islamophobia and anti-Muslim sentiment is manifested in several dimensions: such as campaigns against halal labels on food, Muslim women’s clothing, the slaughter of livestock in Muslim religious rituals, attacks on mosques and Muslim-owned businesses, mandatory cremation for all Sri Lankans regardless of the religion during the Covid-19 pandemic, and the closure of Islamic schools. Consequently, the government at the very least needs to enforce law and order in a fair and balanced manner for all citizens and ensure policies of multiculturalism and tolerance between religious communities are maintained.

Pengaruh Job Crafting Tehadap Kinerja Pegawai Asn Di Lingkungan Dinas Pendidikan Kota Bandung

The purpose of this study was to find out and analyze the effect of Job Crafting on ASN Employee Performance in the Bandung City Education Office. Every organization or agency in implementing the program is always directed to achieve its goals. One of the factors that become criteria for achieving the smooth goals of an organization or agency is to measure its performance. Employee performance must be considered because it is one of the keys to success. An agency does not only have ASN employees but also PPPK employees. The State Civil Apparatus is an element of the state apparatus whose duty is to provide services to the public in a professional, honest, fair and equitable manner in carrying out state, government and development tasks. This research uses quantitative methods. Data collection techniques were obtained from primary data, namely data obtained from the results of filling out questionnaires. The sample used was all ASN employees in the Bandung City Education Office as many as 198 people. The sample is determined by saturated sampling, namely the entire population is used as a sample. The results of the study show that job crafting has a significant effect on the performance of ASN employees in the Bandung City Education Office.