Public Health Faculty Research Articles

Internal factors influencing students' decisions in choosing a public health study program, faculty of public health, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, 2024

Background: The existence of public health colleges is very important to train professionals to handle various public health challenges. Data shows that Indonesia has 3,107 universities, of which 95.97% are private universities. In the field of public health, the Faculty of Public Health of Halu Oleo University (UHO), which was established in 2011, shows significant development with two study programs and six specializations relevant to the needs of the community. The increasing interest in the UHO Public Health Study Program, which is accredited B, reflects the high public interest in this field. Public health graduates have broad employment opportunities, thanks to the interdisciplinary skills they acquire. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect students' decisions in choosing a specialization in the UHO Public Health Study Program, which is expected to provide insights for curriculum development and strategies to increase learning interest in the field of public health. Methods: The research method uses a quantitative approach with an exploratory research type. The sample in this study is active students of each batch in the public health study program, Faculty of Public Health, Halu Oleo University. The number of samples was 392 respondents. The sampling technique uses Proportionated Stratified Random Sampling. Data analysis using SMARTPLS 4. Results: The results showed that there was no influence of image with a path coefficient output value of 0.040 and a construct value below 1.96 of 0.089 and a p value of 0.373 >0.05; there was an influence of interest with a path coeficient output value of 0.327 and a construct value above 1.96 of 6.854 and a p value of 0.000 <0.05; there was a psychological influence with a path coeficient output value of 0.327 and a construct value above 1.96 0.265 and the construction value above 1.96 is 5.270 and the p value is 0.000 <0.05; There is an influence of lecturers with a path efficiency output value of 0.308 and a construct value above 1.96 which is 6.854 and a p value of 0.000 <0.05 with a student decision in choosing the Public Health study program, Faculty of Public Health, Halu Oleo university. Conclusion: There is an influence of interest, psychology, and lecturers on students' decisions in choosing the Public Health study program and there is no influence on the student's decision in choosing the Public Health study program, Faculty of Public Health, Halu Oleo University. Therefore, the management of the study program needs to improve the quality of academic services and organizational development within the scope of FKM UHO by implementing various organizational development strategies through expanding academic access, providing infrastructure and facilities, and improving human resources. And the faculty needs to develop cross-sector cooperation to improve student competence so that the graduates produced are competent and ready to work

Comparing paper-based and mobile application for rank-based peer assessment in interprofessional education: before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic

BackgroundEducation was affected during the COVID-19 pandemic, and there was a need to adapt the learning approaches to the situation. At the University of Gadjah Mada, many essential soft skills of healthcare professionals are taught using the interprofessional education (IPE) approach on-site. Our university responded to this crisis by offering online classes and similar types of training. Post-administration of the course, a peer-assessment was conducted, and it was used to provide feedback on the work or performance of peers among students. Peer assessment was done using paper-based and a mobile application during COVID-19. This study aimed to share a best practice for the implementation of a rank-based peer-assessment application for longitudinal interprofessional education in the community setting and to compare the score distribution of a rank-based peer-assessment before and after using mobile application.MethodsQuantitative research design was used by processing secondary data on student peer assessment scores from 3 bachelor programs (medicine, nursing, nutritionist) Community and Family Health Care with Interprofessional Education (CFHC-IPE) in Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Public Health, Universitas Gadjah Mada. 4,790 students from 2018 to 2022 (5 years) were tracked before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The assessments carried out were offline, online, and blended learning, respectively. The assessment was carried out using a paper-based method before and during the pandemic, online-based with a mobile application was used. Thus, the peer-assessment was conducted manually or using paper-based method using a 5-rank scoring system. In 2019, the peer assessment was carried out using a mobile application and applied a 10-rank scoring system.ResultsThe rank-based peer assessment can be well implemented to make students assess their friends more objectively, with an average score 82.02 ± 8.68. The rightward shift in the distribution of scores indicates that the average score has improved after using the mobile application compared to before its use. (82.02 ± 8.68 vs. 62.39 ± 11.13, p < 0.05).ConclusionThe implementation of rank-based peer-assessment using a mobile application was well received during and after the pandemic by interprofessional undergraduate students. The online system made the assessment more objective and the average grades were seen to be better.

Access to Public Available Health Data and Knowledge of Health Indicators Among Students at the Faculty of Public Health in Timor-Leste

Increasing the capacity to provide quality, timely and reliable data is one of the targets of the SDGs, especially in small island states like Timor-Leste. This research aims to analyze Faculty of Public Health students' access to public health data and their understanding of key health indicators. This research used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional survey approach with a structured questionnaire that was self-completed by the respondents. The sample consisted of 152 purposively selected students from the first to fourth semester. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that most students had accessed various sources of health data, such as the Timor-Leste Ministry of Health (91%), WHO (78%), and UNICEF (63%). However, students' understanding of important health indicators was low; 86% did not understand the underweight indicator, 80% did not understand life expectancy, and 90% did not understand infant mortality. This research implies the need for curriculum development that focuses on data literacy and statistics to improve students' ability to access, analyze, and understand public health data. This intervention is important to prepare graduates who are able to face future data-driven public health challenges.

Searching for Equity: Strategies for Enhancing Racial/Ethnic Diversity in Applicant Pools for Public Health Faculty Searches.

Low racial/ethnic diversity among public health academics undermines our research, teaching, and practice. One important step for addressing this problem is to increase the diversity of applicant pools for open faculty positions. In this commentary, we share our experience conducting a tenure-track faculty search at a large public university. Through consultation with leaders within and beyond our school, we identified strategies to maintain a diverse pool of applicants across the search process. These strategies were to (a) convene and train well-rounded teams, including equity advocates, (b) write and advertise job announcements to welcome diverse applicants, (c) set and monitor data-informed diversity goals, and (d) evaluate applicants equitably. For each strategy, we share available data and resources. Although much work remains, search committees can benefit from emerging best practices in hiring to recruit applicants who better reflect the vibrant diversity of the students and communities that public health seeks to serve.

Strengthening Indonesia's health system through community and technological engagements in public health interventions.

The 7th International Symposium on Public Health (ISoPH 2023), was held on October 2-3, 2023, in Surabaya, Indonesia, which brought together a diverse array of public health professionals, researchers, and policymakers from around the globe. The purpose of the symposium was to facilitate the exchange of the latest information and ideas within the realm of public health. The symposium aspired to foster discussions and the exchange of insights regarding scientific issues in the field of public health globally and within the context of Indonesia. Organized by the Faculty of Public Health at Airlangga University in Indonesia, the symposium addressed the urgent need for robust, resilient health systems capable of navigating the complex challenges of the modern era, particularly in the context of the Society 5.0 paradigm1 .

Analysis of factors influencing students’ decisions in choosing a specialization in the Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Halu Oleo University, 2024

Analysis of factors influencing students’ decisions in choosing a specialization in the Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Halu Oleo University, 2024

High Potassium Diet Rich in Spices and Herbs-Salt Substitution (HPSH-SS) for Blood Pressure Reduction in Older Adults: Protocol for Diet Concept and Randomized Controlled Trial.

Hypertension increases with age, often due to high sodium (Na) and low potassium (K) intake. Reducing salt and increasing K intake is challenging, especially for older adults due to taste preferences. Culinary herbs and spices, rich in K, offer a potential solution. The High Potassium Diet Rich in Spices and Herbs-Salt Substitution (HPSH-SS) diet has not yet been studied for its effectiveness in lowering blood pressure. This study aims to create an HPSH-SS diet, analyze its effects on blood pressure in older adults, and study the molecular mechanism occurring in the kidneys and blood vessels influenced by this diet. This study consists of 2 phases. The first phase involved formulating and assessing the HPSH-SS diet tailored for older adults. The intervention group (IG) received a diet of 1800 kcal/day, with 3500 mg K and 1500 mg Na, while the control group (CG) received 1500 mg K and 2000 mg Na. The diet was administered for 14 days and standardized using the NutriSurvey program and biochemistry analysis by atomic absorbance spectrophotometry (AAS). The second phase was a 14-day parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT) with the older adult participants divided into IG and CG. Primary outcomes included blood pressure; serum potassium; aldosterone; F2 isoprostane; nitric oxide plasma levels; and urine analysis of Na, K, and the Na/K ratio. Confounding variables were controlled through randomization and stratified analysis. The menu formulation and organoleptic assessment of the HPSH-SS diet began in mid-2022 and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Public Health at Universitas Airlangga (78/EA/KEPK/2022) on May 11, 2022. The diet was standardized to achieve daily nutritional values of 1800 kcal energy, 3500 mg K, and 1500 mg Na. K and Na contents were analyzed using AAS from several participants' spice diet menus. Recruitment for the RCT started in March 2023, with approval from the Health Research Ethics Committee Universitas Airlangga School of Medicine, Surabaya (35/EC/KEPK/FKUA/2023). The study was registered from February 9, 2023, to February 9, 2024. Between March and June 2023, 64 participants were recruited, with 32 participants in the IG and CG. The intervention and data collection will take place over 1 year. Data management is in progress, and data analysis is yet to be performed. This RCT protocol hypothesizes that the diet will increase serum K, plasma aldosterone, and nitric oxide levels; decrease plasma F2 isoprostane; increase urinary Na and K levels; lower the urinary Na/K ratio; and reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure. If effective, it will offer valuable insights into dietary strategies for blood pressure regulation in older adults. DERR1-10.2196/56869.

Fairer Training in public health, the UK FPH example

Abstract Background Public Health (PH) advocates for health equity and social justice. The UK Faculty of Public Health (FPH) is committed to tackling inequalities across the public health career pathway. The Fair Training project is a multi-phased programme which focuses on fair recruitment into PH, reducing differential attainment during PH training and postgraduate examinations. Objectives • Analyse available data from various sources; • Identify gaps in fair training culture and any biases; • Identify where support or interventions may best be focussed to minimise disadvantages; • Identify improvements in data that could be used to monitor actions; • Identify areas of good practice. Variables explored were demographic characteristics e,g, age, sex, ethnicity, disability status, professional background, candidate status (UK or overseas), place of primary qualification. Results Results show that candidates from ethnic minority backgrounds, those who are older, from international medical graduate backgrounds and backgrounds other than medicine are under-represented at the end of recruitment. Multivariable analysis of the diplomate exam shows that an attainment gap exists across increase with age, and those from black, Asian or white other ethnicity, professional background other than medicine, and overseas candidates. For the membership exam, multivariable analysis shows the attainment gap persists across those of increasing age and black ethnicity. Conclusions Recognising differential attainment as a structural problem requires organisational and individual leadership. Recommendations include an action plan to ensure: • Equality of opportunity for learning and career progression; • Collaborative working to eliminate discrimination in the design of education; • Ensure that training and the working environment are inclusive and diverse; • Inform future PH workforce planning; • Share good practice. FPH will implement the recommendations and share with other organisations and countries. Key messages • Structural causes of differential attainment during recruitment and training in public health do exist and should be mitigated. • FPH aims to promote Fair Training and excellence in public health practice.

3.F. Round table: Legal action &amp; capacity building: essential for climate action to protect and promote public health

Abstract The climate crisis is the single biggest threat to global health, peace and security, a crisis multiplier, and a significant driver of health inequalities within and between countries. In many areas of public health policy, legal action and litigation have delivered significant and long-lasting impacts. Court action is a strong domain of legal policy and practice to address climate change and related air pollution in many countries, and increasingly in international courts and tribunals. Examples include the 2021 landmark UK Coroners Report on the asthma-related death of Ella Kissi-Debrah, the 2023 UN General Assembly Request for an Advisory Opinion from the International Court of Justice on states’ obligations to address climate change, and the 2024 European Court of Human Rights decision in Klimanseniorinnen v. Switzerland. Climate litigation also creates opportunities for public scrutiny and debate by raising awareness of inaction or harm caused by governments or private sector polluters, generating wider community mobilisation for action. Since 2021, the EUPHA Law and Public Health Section, Faculty of Public Health (UK), Aletta Jacobs School of Public Health, Global Network for Academic Public Health, ASPHER and other partners have collaborated to build ethicolegal competence and capacity of public health professionals for climate action. Initiatives have also included research, advocacy, and resource development, and exploring opportunities for legal action and litigation, including at the International Conference on Strategic Litigation and Public Health (Liverpool, 2023). The roundtable will present key findings from an evaluation of the course on climate change organised by the ASPHER and the Global Consortium on Health and Climate Education (GCHCE), and learnings and feedback from the publication ‘From analysis to action: climate change litigation. A guide for public health professionals’, which was launched at the 16th European Public Health Conference. The expert panel will also reflect on whether the nature of current educational materials, means and methods in curriculum and training initiatives are effective, appropriate, adequate, and sufficient. Should climate change be part of One Health and Planetary Health programmes rather than a distinct entity? What is the role of, and what are the opportunities for, public health professionals to be engaged in climate litigation? What are the gaps and opportunities through strategic networking with environmental and legal experts, and affected communities? The roundtable will be interactive and invite input and insights from the participants to explore opportunities to further advance the agenda. Key messages • Public health professionals have a key and increasing role in climate law and litigation: interdisciplinary collaboration is essential. • Public health professionals have multiple avenues for capacity building on opportunities to address climate and environmental impacts on public health through law. Speakers/Panelists David Patterson University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands Farhang Tahzib Faculty of Public Health, Haywards heath, UK Liz Green Public Health Wales, Wrexham, UK Ana-Catarina Pinho-Gomes University College London, London, UK

9.X.2. Activating the ASPHER-WHO Public Health Core Curriculum: Interprofessional Skills

Abstract The updated ASPHER-WHO Public Health Core Curriculum builds on ASPHER’s previous work on Competencies for Public Health Professionals (2006-2020), reflects the changing needs of our population and planet and public health professionals. The key objectives of this workshop are to: - Share the updated ASPHER core curriculum for public health; - Illustrate examples of public health challenges that young professionals have championed for inclusion; - Share the Faculty of Public Health (UK)’s work on Fair training as a case study on operationalising public health leadership on equality, diversity and inclusion and demonstrating the core competencies in action. A curricular content survey of member schools and programmes yielded responses from 60 schools, with &amp;gt; 500 submissions of detailed. subject curricula. These have been compiled into 36 Subject Areas in four Domains, namely: (1) Core Subject Areas in Public Health: (2) Subject-specific Areas in Public Health;(3) Core Cross-curricular Subject Areas; and (4) Core Interdisciplinary Professional Skills in PH. The development process was guided and grounded by the expertise and passion of young public health professionals. They are helping us make the core curriculum fit for purpose for the near future and provide them with the skills required to be a competent member of a supportive public health team in an ever changing world. This Workshop will profile selected Subject Areas from each Domain using real life challenges facing WHO European Region to show how the core curriculum integrates research, theory and practice to help build those essential interdisciplinary skills. The examples will focus on Economics in Public Health (Domain 1); Public Health and Criminal Justice; (Domain 2); Health Literacy and Infodemiology, Mental Health and Wellbeing (Domain 3); and Integrative Learning in Action; Communication Skills; Advocacy, Negotiation; Collaborations and Partnerships; and Leadership, Management and Implementation Science (Domain 4). Discussions for each of the Subject Areas will be led by an expert in the area. We will also illustrate an example of these competencies in action, how they are helping shine a light on the challenges we face in creating that supportive team and environment and how the potential for collaboration helps us to capitalise on the expertise available in some schools and programmes for the benefit of all. Key messages • Learning interdisciplinary skills are essential for effective public health analysis, advocacy and action. • Collaboration across countries, schools, professions and generations can create transformational change. Speakers/Panelists Mary Codd University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland Karl F Conyard University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland Jenny Houston University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK Samia Latif Faculty of Public Health, London, UK Olalekan Popoola ASPHER, UCD, Dublin, Ireland

11.Q. Round table: A Guide for creating a code of ethics for public health professionals and institutions

Abstract The professional discipline of public health is driven by its values. Public health professionals face decisions that have far-reaching ethical implications. Our norms, values, beliefs and the way we see the world, as individuals, communities and institutions which serve us, do matter and fundamentally affect our decisions, behaviours, policies, and practice. The ability to be aware and reflect on norms and values when taking decisions, is a decisive professional virtue in public health practice. The World Health Organisation (WHO) and Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region (ASPHER) Roadmap for the professionalisation of the public health workforce, has highlighted ethics as an essential pillar for professionalisation, a core competency, and the need for a Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct for good public health practice. In order to further advance the issue the Global Network for Academic Public Health (GNAPH), ASPHER, the European Public Health Association (EUPHA), the UK Faculty of Public Health and other partners set up an expert international joint working group on public health ethics and law (PHELWG). The PHEL expert working group - which includes senior public health professionals, ethicists, lawyers and academics - has been working to carry out research and develop a guide for creating a Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct for public health professionals and institutions. This has included consideration of the competencies, principles and values for good public health practice. The project has involved literature review, research and the wide professional experience of the international group of experts who have been working on the issue.The development of a guide for creating a code of ethics for public health professionals and institutions is part of the overall objective of the PHELWG to build a ethico-legal competency, capacity and resilience of public health workforce. The proposed Guide and related resources will be a timely resource, practical tool and support for public health professionals, organisations, or regulatory bodies to develop their own local country code of ethics and build further ethico-legal capacity of their public health professional workforce and institutions. Purpose of the roundtable workshop will be to: - present the guide on creating a code of ethics for public health public health professionals and institutions, which will be launched at that time - Share the proposed ethical competencies/skills, principles and values for good public health practice, with particular consideration of Indigenous knowledge and world views - reflect and consult with the workshop participants around the guide and the proposed pilot sites for implementing the Codes in various centres. Key messages • Development of Code of ethics and professional conduct is a key requirement for public health professionalization. • The Guide for creating code of ethics by international expert group provides significant resource for development of codes locally. Speakers/Panelists Kasia Czabanowska Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands Farhang Tahzib Faculty of Public Health, Haywards heath, UK Paul Athanasopoulos Public Health Department, Stirling, UK

10.F. Skills building seminar: How public health professionals can use the right to health to advance climate action and justice

Abstract The climate crisis is the single biggest threat to global health, peace and security, a crisis multiplier, and a significant driver of health inequalities. In many areas of public health policy, legal action and litigation have delivered significant and long-lasting impacts. In April 2024, the European Court of Human Rights concluded that Switzerland had violated the right to health of older women in Switzerland by failing to meet its past greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction targets and set future GHG targets. State-of-the-art public health evidence provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change were vital to the Court’s decision, which has implications for all Council of Europe member states, and globally. Rigorous scientific evidence of health harms, including but not limited to heat stress, can inform other climate litigation grounded in the right to health. Public health researchers and practitioners are essential to this litigation. In recognition of this emerging role, in November 2023 the Faculty of Public Health (UK) and the Aletta Jacobs School of Public Health launched ‘From analysis to action: climate change litigation. A guide for public health professionals’ at the 16th European Public Health Conference. The guide was also endorsed by ASPHER, ASPPH, EUPHA, Global Consortium on Climate and Health Education, Global Network for Academic Public Health, Lancet Countdown, Public Health Ethics and Law Global Network, and WFPHA. This workshop will familiarise participants with recent rights-based climate litigation and explore the role of public health professionals in identifying, collecting, storing, assessing and presenting this evidence in a form that is accessible to court officials without medical training. First, there will be short presentations on 1) the role of the law in climate action and the role of scientific evidence of health harms in human rights litigation, and 2) How to collect and use scientific evidence of health harms in climate litigation (15 minutes). Small group discussions will follow, addressing questions such as: The health harm of climate change-related heat stress was a major factor in the 2024 decision of the European Court of Human Rights in KlimaSeniorinnen v. Switzerland: What other health harms could support future cases? In what population groups? What opportunities do you see today for public health researchers and practitioners to compile such evidence to make the most compelling case? How can public health researchers and practitioners work more closely with legal experts and affected communities to bring this evidence to court? (20 minutes) The workshop will conclude with a plenary discussion of these questions and the small group responses. (25 minutes) As a result of the workshop, participants will be better prepared to identify opportunities to contribute compelling evidence of health harms in climate litigation. Key messages • Rigorous scientific evidence of climate change-related health harms is proving central to success in rights-based climate litigation. • Public health professionals have a key role in identifying and presenting compelling evidence of health harms in climate litigation. Speakers/Panelists David Patterson University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands Farhang Tahzib Faculty of Public Health, Haywards Heath, UK

The process of developing a framework for code of ethics

Abstract Issue/Problem The World Health Organisation (WHO) and Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region (ASPHER) roadmap for the professionalisation of the public health workforce has noted ethics as a pillar for professionalisation. It also highlights the need for code of ethics and professional conduct for all public health professionals and institutions. The Global Network for Academic Public Health (GNAPH), in collaboration with EUPHA, ASPHER, and the UK Faculty of Public Health has been working together for a code of ethics. Description of the problem The WHO/ASPHER group asked for a framework to be developed by the expert group as part of the rollout of the professionalisation agenda. The objective of this work was to develop a guide that is applicable to different countries within Europe to develop their own of code of ethics and conduct. A modified Delphi approach to building consensus amongst professionals in ethics included law, academia, and public health professionals. The questions sought to be answered were what and how to develop a framework and what should be included in the guide for creating a public health code of ethics. Results Throughout this method we developed five values, and twelve principles that are essential for the development of a code of ethics through a consensus building exercise. This framework was the first of its kind as part of the professionalisation agenda for different regions. There will be ongoing work piloting this framework in practice with various professional groups and institutions. Lessons Throughout this process, the need and demand across the public health community for ethical education and development of code of ethics was made evident. Collaboration between academics, ethicist, lawyers, and public health professionals and policy makers were key in developing a public health code of ethics. Identifying the challenges with monitoring and evaluating of its implementation a public health code of ethics. Key messages • Ethics, and a code of ethics are an essential component of the professionalisation agenda of the public health workforce. • There is need for continued collaboration and partnership with public health professionals and institutions in enacting its implementation and evaluation.

7.Y.2. Solidarity and public health teaching and practice in the age of new normal

Abstract This workshop will address the concept and topic of solidarity as it pertains to public health (PH). The objectives of the workshop are: • To explore what is understood by solidarity in the context of PH; • To consider the PH scenarios in which solidarity may be an important construct; • To consider how solidarity is understood by PH experts and practitioners, and • To profile investigate how solidarity is represented in educational and training programme in PH. Solidarity is a social determinant of health. It is proven as a crucial factor in achieving PH objectives such as: compliance with vaccination campaigns; donations of bodily samples to biobanks; or refraining from polluting. It can be defined as a cost taken upon oneself for the sake of a group with which one identifies (Prainsack and Buyx 2017). As PH is about achieving health objectives through public participation, solidarity can be seen as the kernel of PH practice. In an era with emerging PH threats, from pandemics to climate crises, the importance of understanding the many meanings and uses of solidarity is essential to PH practitioners. There is much more in solidarity than meets the eye. Solidarity is largely a mystification of a collective identity, a boundary-making mechanism that draw the line between ‘us’ and ‘them’, and most importantly, it is the generator of what is understood as ‘public’. Facing increasing challenges in PH, solidarity is a concept to be thoroughly apprehended. Is there one solidarity, or rather multiple solidarities? What are the referent publics of different solidarities and how do they interact? Can be a global solidarity? Is solidarity a normative or descriptive concept? Is solidarity the outcome or the generator of pro-social behaviour. These are questions that will be discussed in this round table workshop session. Curious to learn about PH views on solidarity, we conducted structured interviews with PH experts to ascertain views on solidarity as a key concept in PH; whether the concept should be incorporated into PH education programme, and if so, how best to do that. Preliminary findings suggest that all interviewees agreed that solidarity is a key concept in PH but when asked to define solidarity, provided diverse answers. They acknowledged that solidarity should be taught in different stages of PH education, but admitted that it rarely appears in current curricula. Many interviewees stated that solidarity may be culturally and politically determined and should be discussed through case studies and guest lectures as well as theory. The added value of this workshop is to raise awareness about the importance of the concept of solidarity and its importance in PH education and training programmes. The workshop will run as a Round table discussion, in which each panellist will make a short presentation on a specific subject, which will then be discussed between panel members and audience. Key messages • Solidarity is considered a key concept for the practice of public health, yet has been constantly contested as too vague and even too political. • Presenting key challenges facing the teaching of solidarity as competence in public health; its conceptual ambiguities and cultural differences and the different uses of solidarity as a value and tool. Speakers/Panelists Farhang Tahzib Faculty of Public Health, Haywards heath, UK Mary Codd University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland Alison Mc Callum University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK Hagai Boas Van Leer Jerusalem Institute, Jerusalem, Israel

4.Y.1. Climate trauma, public protest and the ethics of civil disobedience in our warming world

Abstract Eco-anxiety, defined as “a chronic fear of environmental dooms,” is related to both a direct experience of extreme weather events (e.g., floods, wildfires, hurricanes, droughts) as well as environmental changes. Although it is not yet being addressed as a proper disease, eco-anxiety is being related to symptoms such as obsessive thoughts about the climate and the total destruction of the planet, existential fear and feelings of guilt about one’s own carbon footprint, anger, frustration, depression, and anxiety, among others. Eco-anxiety is increasingly reported among children and young people (Hickman et al, Lancet Planetary Health, 2021). Less studied and understood is climate trauma at a societal level resulting from the ever-present, ever-growing threat of climate change.This session aims to facilitate a better understanding of the mechanisms that lead to this symptomatology as well as the reasons for our apparent collective paralysis as a society to act in accordance with the climate threats we face. This analysis will take into account aspects linked to cultural diversity and structural factors that can rationalise the inaction. Particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic, many states have introduced or strengthened laws restricting the right to protest, with implications for public protest about state inaction on climate change. The workshop also aims to address questions such as: Are public protest and civil disobedience rational responses to the climate crisis? Should health professionals protest publicly? How has eco-anxiety been used as a legal defence to criminal charges? How should professional accreditation bodies respond when a member is convicted in a climate protest? Is deregistration appropriate, or should we instead be hastening to revise professional codes of ethics and public health training curriculums to reflect ‘the single biggest threat facing humanity’? (WHO, 2021). In the United Kingdom, the UK Health Alliance on Climate Change has urged the General Medical Council ‘to be as lenient as the law allows’ with health professionals convicted of offences resulting from their protests against damage to nature, the climate, and health. Three expert panellists in mental health, law and ethics will present their perspectives in Pecha Kucha format. Key messages • Climate trauma at societal level may account for our collective paralysis in the face of climate change: yet political, structural and cultural factors must not be overlooked. • Ethical codes and training curriculums for public health professionals must be updated to reflect the evolving roles of PHP in response to climate change. Speakers/Panelists Jutta Lindert Hochschule Emden-Leer, Emden, Germany David Patterson University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands Farhang Tahzib Faculty of Public Health, Haywards Heath, UK

6.Q. Round table: Artificial Intelligence in healthcare: navigating ethically with equity and workforce empowerment

Abstract Background Artificial Intelligence (AI) is emerging as a pivotal technology with vast promises for healthcare. However, integrating AI into clinical and public health settings must be cautiously approached to ensure that it does not inadvertently exacerbate existing health system problems. The healthcare workers, already under severe stress, could view AI as a threat to job security rather than as a support mechanism. Moreover, past experiences with digital transformations, such as Electronic Health Records, have shown that technological integration can sometimes increase rather than decrease the burden on healthcare workers, leading to burnout and dissatisfaction, and thus worsening the healthcare workforce crisis. Furthermore, equity and ethical considerations are paramount in the deployment of AI in healthcare. Data privacy, patient consent, and algorithmic bias must be addressed to ensure that AI applications are designed to support and enhance human decision-making that is sensitive to the social determinants of health and accountable to equity and social inclusion, to the needs and rights of the healthcare workforce, and the dignity of the patients and populations. While AI presents significant opportunities for health systems and healthcare workers, there is a lack of knowledge, evidence-based policies, and ethical frameworks that support equitable and human-centred approaches to AI implementation. Objectives This round table workshop aligns three major public health challenges: the integration of AI in health systems, the global healthcare workforce crisis, and the improvement of equity and equality. It critically explores capacity building for AI, equity in AI implementation, and regulatory measures for ethical and responsible AI deployment, addressing the following major questions: What are the critical impacts of AI on the healthcare workforce? How can the healthcare workforce be effectively upskilled and supported to adapt to the changes brought by AI technologies? What regulatory frameworks and governance models are necessary to ensure AI’s safe and ethical implementation in healthcare, that is also sensitive to equity, gender equality and the needs of minority groups? Finally, what actionable steps and leadership can public health take to implement AI technologies while addressing the healthcare workforce needs, equity issues, and ethical guidelines? The panellists will illuminate these questions from different disciplinary approaches, helping us to disentangle complexity and to build capacity for evidence-based and socially inclusive AI policies. The workshop contributes to better understand the risks and benefits of AI. It seeks to advance knowledge exchange of good practice experiences and effective implementation. Key messages • The effects of AI on the healthcare workforce must be monitored and strategies adapted to mitigate the healthcare workforce crisis and to upskill and empower healthcare workers. • There is a need for human-centred and ethically responsive AI implementation and governance measures that support equity, gender equality, and diversity in healthcare settings. Speakers/Panelists Abi Sriharan Schulich School of Business York University, York, Canada Kasia Czabanowska Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands Bernadette Kumar Migration Health Unit, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway Marius-Ionuț Ungureanu Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Farhang Tahzib Faculty of Public Health, Haywards heath, UK

Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Pengembangan Karir Dosen di Lingkungan Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Nusa Cendana Kupang

Career Development is a career planning process provided by a company to individuals as an effort or opportunity to enhance and develop their careers to a higher level according to their abilities and responsibilities. This study aims to determine the effect of work motivation on the career development of lecturers in the Faculty of Public Health at Nusa Cendana University, Kupang. The research is quantitative in nature. The population consists of 71 lecturers, with a sample of 41 respondents selected using purposive sampling technique. Data collection was conducted using a work motivation scale and a career development scale with a Likert scale model. The collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 16.0 for Windows program. Data analysis was carried out using a simple linear regression test. The results showed that the calculated F-value was 54.237 with a significance value of 0.000 &lt; 0.05, which indicates that work motivation has an effect on career development. It is recommended to take advantage of the career development opportunities that have been organized and facilitated to achieve the desired career level. Based on the quantitative research conducted on the lecturers of the Faculty of Public Health at Nusa Cendana University, Kupang, it was found that work motivation influences career development

The Influence of Social Media on the Eating Patterns of Students at the Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara in 2023

&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align="left" valign="top"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Social media refers to platforms and applications that utilize internet-based technology. This type of media promotes and facilitates connections with others. Social media has an important role in the eating patterns of students at the Faculty of Public Health at the Universitas Sumatera Utara. If social media use is wrong, it will impact the quality of students' eating patterns, resulting in a wrong body mass index. This research aims to investigate how social media factors affect eating habits. The study will employ an explanatory survey method with a cross-sectional approach. This research was carried out in September 2023. The population in this research were all students of the Faculty of Public Health at the Universitas Sumatera Utara, with a total of 390 people and a sample of 80 people. The samples taken in this study were students at the Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara, using the Slovin technique. Slovin's formula is a statistical method used to determine an appropriate sample size when conducting surveys or research. It helps to ensure that the sample accurately represents the population while minimizing the cost and effort involved in data collection. Data was collected using a questionnaire. Based on the research results, it was found that 46 respondents (57.5%) had a poor eating pattern, and 34 respondents (42.5%) had a good eating pattern. Based on the Bivariate test, the variable related to eating patterns is the influence of social media (p=0.002). From the data processing results, it is concluded that social media significantly influences eating patterns.Universitas Sumatera Utara. I hope the university and faculty can provide additional education regarding social media and healthy eating patterns to students at the Universitas Sumatera Utara. Universitas Sumatera Utara. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Keywords: Social Media, Eating Patterns, Student&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;

A Cross-Sectional Study Revealed a Low Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Asymptomatic University Students in Tripoli, North Lebanon.

This study aimed to investigate the SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence among >18-year-old students in the Faculty of Public Health and Faculty of Sciences at the Lebanese University in Tripoli, Northern Lebanon, in June 2023 and to characterize the circulating Omicron subvariants. Out of 357 participants, only 2 (0.56%) tested positive by qPCR, corresponding to 0.61% (2/326) of asymptomatic students. One case tested positive with a qPCR targeting the Omicron BA.2 variant. These findings indicate a low incidence at that time and emphasize the interest of SARS-CoV-2 surveillance among students.

Improving health in Indonesia and beyond: The legacy and contributions of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing

Improving health in Indonesia and beyond: The legacy and contributions of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing