University Faculty Research Articles

Feminism as a transatlantic bridge to modernity: María de Maeztu’s Residencia de Señoritas and the American International Institute for Girls in Spain (1917–1936)

ABSTRACT At the beginning of the twentieth century a globalization of women's associations, driven mostly by the United States, Great Britain, and France, was instrumental in the Western advancement of gender equality. Modernist feminist authors disseminated and promoted ideas about suffragism, the integration of women in higher education, pacifism, and gender equality along international networks. In this essay I study two women’s academic institutions that contributed to forming a solid transatlantic web of intellectual alliances between Spain and the United States of America: The International Institute for Girls in Spain (headquartered in Boston) and the Residencia de Señoritas (in Madrid). The two institutions exchanged university faculty through pensions, scholarships, and exchanges, modeling transatlantic intellectual alliance for students. This coalition exponentially grew the numbers of Spanish students in university desks and raised the percentages of Americans and Spaniards completing their higher educations in both countries. Under the visionary feminist leadership of María de Maeztu, several cohorts of students became a new, feminist intercontinental network serving as a motor of twentieth-century modernity.

Does major make a difference? Mental health literacy and its relation to college major in a diverse sample of undergraduate students

Examining a large number of specific college majors and their association with mental health literacy (MHL) is an important step towards identifying at-risk groups at the college level. Though prior research has investigated MHL across student demographics such as gender, age, ethnicity, and level of education, the present study was the first to compare the MHL of undergraduate students across 19 different college majors. A total of 617 demographically and ethnically diverse undergraduate students (62.1% female; 69.3% non-white; mean age = 22.2 years; mean year in college = 2.8) reported their demographics, college experience, and college major, and completed an MHL measure that assessed knowledge of more than 20 psychological disorders and the application of that knowledge to real life scenarios. After controlling for gender, data were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc comparisons to determine if differences in mental health literacy level were related to specific college majors. Results revealed that mental health literacy significantly differed across majors, F(18, 598) = 5.09, p < .001. Specifically, students majoring in accounting, nursing, business, biology, and those in a multidisciplinary category had significantly lower mental health literacy scores compared to the highest scoring major, psychology. We present empirical data about variations in mental health literacy across many different majors in higher education. Our findings provide a rationale for interventions for academic majors with lower MHL, as well as a rationale for training of college faculty and staff, for the purpose of improving psychological well-being in at-risk college students.

Perception on body image and its associated factors among undergraduates in selected faculties of a state university in Sri Lanka

Background: Perception on body image; the way individuals see or feel about their physical appearance, can influence one's mental well-being, self-esteem and lifestyle. Since there is a dearth of research on this in Sri Lanka, the perception of body image among undergraduates, who are an active social group, demands a com-prehensive understanding.Objective: To describe the perception on body-image and its associated factors among undergraduates in selected faculties of a state university in Sri Lanka.Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 389 undergraduates selected through convenience sampling from the faculties of Applied Sciences, Medical Sciences, Management and Commerce and Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Sri Jayewardenepura. Data was collected through a validated, pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire circulated as a Google form via social media. Perception on body image, mental well-being and self-esteem were assessed using the Body-focused shame and guilt scale (minimum 0, maximum 88, cut-off 37), WHO-5 well-being index (minimum 0, maximum 100, cut-off 40) and Rosenberg self-esteem scale (minimum 10, maximum 40, cut-off 28) respectively. All attributes were dichotomized using the means obtained from the pilot test.Results: Majority of the participants were females (n=270, 69.4%). Median age was 23 years (IQR=4). Majority (n=242, 62.2%) showed normal BMI (18.5-24.9). Two of every five undergraduates tend to have a negative perception on their body image.Among the participants who had negative per-ceptions on their body image, 69.0% had poor mental well-being, 72.3% had low self-esteem and 61.3% were highly concerned about fashion and cosmetics to improve their appearance.Conclusions: TNegative perception on body image is a hidden problem among undergraduates in Sri Lanka. The association of one’s gender, mental well-being, self-esteem and fashion with body-image perception is significant.

Use of Technology in EFL Classroom: A Study to Evaluate the Training Needs of Teachers in Line with Saudi Vision 2030

This research study attempts to investigate and evaluate the training needs of teachers in the EFL context while using technology to meet the desired learning outcomes. This is an exciting area to investigate as it would provide an insight into the psyche of the EFL instructors. The primary objective of this research work is to review the challenges encountered by the university faculties while using technology and to determine methods that can contribute to resolving these problems. The study is thoroughly based on a few premises, such as language teachers needing to be trained more to deal with the rapid development of technology and still relying on traditional teaching methods with little or no use of technology in and outside the classrooms. These challenges can be attributed to various factors, such as a lack of proper training modules for language teachers and a lack of motivation to learn and incorporate technology in their teaching methodology. Furthermore, the current research shall enhance the technological competence of EFL instructors to meet the desired learning outcomes of English language programs in line with Saudi Vision 2030. A mixed-methods strategy was used in the study to collect data on the demands of EFL teachers in Saudi Arabian higher education, integrating quantitative and qualitative techniques. The results indicate a strong interest in learning new technologies to enhance classroom engagement and show a dire need to develop a training module for the instructors to enhance the technological competence of EFL instructors.

Exploring the Students’ Perception Towards Using Concept Mapping in Problem-Based Learning Tutorials at the Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University

Exploring the Students’ Perception Towards Using Concept Mapping in Problem-Based Learning Tutorials at the Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University

Artificial intelligence in education: implications for academic integrity and the shift toward holistic assessment

This study examines the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the field of education, with particular focus on its implications for academic integrity and the adoption of comprehensive assessment approaches. This research fits within the specific setting of university students and faculty members in the Kingdom of Bahrain.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was designed to examine the impact Artificial Intelligence (AI) in field of education, with particular focus on its implications for academic integrity and the adoption of comprehensive assessment approaches. A total of 218 participants were randomly selected from 250 employed in this survey study.ResultsOut of 250 invited participants, 203 responded to the survey. This study evaluated the influence of Educational Impact (EI), Policy and Ethics (PE), and Pedagogical Implications (PI) on Academic Outcomes (AO). Results revealed a significant association between EI → AO with a beta of 0.490, t-value of 4.504, and p &amp;lt; 0.001. PI also showed a significant relationship (β = 0.454, t = 2.330, p = 0.010) with more variability. PE’s impact on AO was modest (β = 0.243, t = 1.977, p = 0.024). Overall, EI was the strongest AO predictor. The R2 value was approximately 39%, indicating a good fit.ConclusionThe research reveals a strong link between the Educational Impact (EI) of AI and academic success in Bahrain’s universities, with EI being the primary predictor. Both Policy and Ethics (PE) and Pedagogical Implications (PI) play crucial roles in this relationship.

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) Risk in University Students, Staff, and Faculty

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) Risk in University Students, Staff, and Faculty

Academic Radiology Physician Financial Compensation in the United States: Trends and Distribution.

Background The overall trends in academic radiology physician compensation are not well studied. Purpose To assess recent trends in academic radiology financial compensation and distribution based on rank, gender, race/ethnicity, and geography in U.S. medical schools. Materials and Methods This secondary analysis used deidentified data from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Faculty Salary Report, which collects information for full-time faculty at U.S. medical schools. Financial compensation data for full-time academic radiology faculty was collected from 2017 to 2023, stratified by rank, gender, race/ethnicity, and geography. The faculty salary report includes median, 25th, and 75th percentile compensation values for each rank, which were used to analyze trends with linear regression. Median compensation values were used to compare groups based on gender, race/ethnicity, and region. Results The AAMC Faculty Salary Report data for 2023 included responses for 5847 faculty members across all radiology departments, including 306 instructors, 2758 assistant professors, 1409 associate professors, 1004 full professors, 226 chiefs, and 144 chairs. On average, median faculty compensation increased by 2.6%-4.4% per year from 2017 to 2023, with the greatest increase (by 4.4% per year) at the instructor level and smaller increases (3.4%-2.6%) at the more senior ranks. Male faculty members were consistently compensated more than women at all ranks throughout the study period. The overall salary gap remained at 6% ($455 000 for women vs $483 000 for men) throughout the study period but increased numerically from $24 000 in 2019 to $28 000 in 2023. Black/African American faculty had a lower median compensation compared with White faculty (by 4% overall; $452 000 for Black/African American faculty vs $472 000 for White faculty) at all ranks except at professor rank. Instructor compensation in the Northeast region was substantially higher (by $278 000) than other regions, but this geographic differential did not exceed $35 000 at other ranks. Conclusion This study summarized the trends of full-time academic radiology faculty compensation and showed persistent salary inequities that should be addressed as part of a broader drive to increase diversity, equity, and inclusion. © RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article.

Navigating techno-stress: A qualitative exploration of university faculty's experiences and perspectives in the Peruvian context amidst the return to classes and the post-COVID-19 era

Background: Technology serves as a potent tool that enhances the quality of teaching and learning experiences. However, when educators lack proficiency in utilizing technology, it leads to obstacles in providing effective education, resulting in emotions of frustration, diminished self-assurance, and uncertainty regarding their teaching abilities. This study aims to investigate the experiences of university faculty members in relation to the impact of technology on their mental well-being. Methods: For this qualitative study, ten professionals engaged in university-level teaching, encompassing research domains, were selected for interviews. Inclusion criteria were based on teaching experience, tenure, specific courses or subjects taught, and active involvement during the research phase. The guiding question for the study was framed as follows: "What are the experiences and perceptions of university faculty members concerning techno-stress?" Additionally, the study identified four subcategories: work overload, social and emotional interaction, adaption to new technologies, and expectations and teaching quality. Results: Techno-stress is a composite of emotional and physical reactions triggered by the improper use of technology. Faculty members’ encounters with techno-stress have substantial implications for their quality of life. The subcategories shed light on different aspects of the faculty’s experiences, including the burden of excessive workload, the influence of social and emotional interactions, the process of adapting to evolving technologies, and the connection between expectations and the quality of their teaching. Conclusions: This research underscores the significance of technology in higher education, highlighting its potential to positively impact teaching and learning. Nevertheless, faculty members’ struggles with techno-stress indicate a pressing need for effective training and support. Establishing limits on connectivity with technology and others emerges as a crucial step in maintaining a healthy work-life balance. Ultimately, addressing techno-stress and providing appropriate guidance are essential for safeguarding the well-being of university faculty members and, consequently, enhancing the overall educational experience.

Attitudes of Aswan university faculty members towards using artificial intelligence-powered tools in information processing: a field study

Attitudes of Aswan university faculty members towards using artificial intelligence-powered tools in information processing: a field study

Clinical experience with ceftazidime/avibactam for the treatment of extensively drug-resistant or pandrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in neonates and children.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a significant cause of healthcare-associated infections, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates due to limited treatment options. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the treatment outcomes and the safety of Ceftazidime-avibactam in infections caused by extensively drug-resistant or pandrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in pediatric patients. This study included pediatric patients who received ceftazidime-avibactam treatment due to extensively drug-resistant or pandrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections, monitored in the pediatric intensive care, neonatal intensive care, and pediatric wards of Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine between 2022 and 2023. Patients' microbiological responses, clinical responses, medication side effects, and 30-day survival rates were evaluated. Eleven pediatric patients were included in the study, of whom nine were male (81.8%). The median age at the initiation of ceftazidime-avibactam treatment was 15months (range: 14days-183months). Sepsis was diagnosed in 9 patients (81.8%). Two premature infants (27 and 35weeks) were admitted to the neonatal ICU. Regarding the Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, 10 (91%) were extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and 1 (9%) was pandrug-resistant (PDR). Eight strains (72.7%) were carbapenem-resistant, and 9 (81.8%) were colistin-resistant. Microbiological response was noted in 8 patients (72.7%), clinical response was evident in 6 patients (54.5%). The 30-day survival rate was 54.5%, with six patients surviving. In our study, ceftazidime-avibactam has been identified as a significant treatment option for resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in critically ill children and premature infants with sepsis and organ failure, and it has been found to be well tolerated.

Linking HEXACO Personality Traits to Affective Commitment and Knowledge Sharing Behaviour in Higher Education Institutions

This study aimed to assess the connection between HEXACO personality traits (i.e. honesty–humility, emotionality, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience) and knowledge sharing behaviour (KSB) of university academic staff. Moreover, based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), this study aimed to examine the underlying process through which HEXACO personality traits contribute to academics’ KSB by examining mediating role of affective commitment. With a structured questionnaire survey, the data was conveniently collected from 234 full-time university faculty members employed in 20 private universities located in Bangladesh. Structural equation modelling partial least square (SEM-PLS) was utilised to analyse the research model. The results revealed that, with the exception of emotionality, all HEXACO personality traits (i.e. honesty–humility, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience) have positive direct effects on academics’ KSB. The study further showed that the effects of honesty–humility, extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness on KSB were significantly mediated by affective commitment. Thus, universities should focus on academics’ personality profiles to improve knowledge sharing practices within the institutions. In particular, personality test should be introduced in the selection process of university teachers to identify the candidates with desirable personality traits. The findings offer a new understanding of how HEXACO personality traits result in academics’ KSB directly as well as via affective commitment.

Validation of the Teachers AI-TPACK Scale for the Indian Educational Setting

Educators work in extremely dynamic and complex classroom environments where they must continuously alter and update their understanding. Specifically, possession of rich, organised, and integrated knowledge from various domains including knowledge on subject-matter, knowledge of students' thinking and learning, and, increasingly, knowledge of technology is essential. By integrating these three aspects, Mishra and Koehler developed the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework in 2006 which offers a thorough and comprehensive method for incorporating technology into the education setting. On the parallel, use of information technology has rapidly increased in the field of education, especially with the introduction of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Thus, the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework needed to be updated to reflect the growing incorporation of AI into educational standards. Hence, investigator Ning and colleagues in the year 2024 built a framework for incorporating AI into TPACK and developed a robust scale titled Teachers AI-TPACK Scale that measures the teachers competencies in incorporating AI into their teaching environment. The objective of this work was to test the validity of the scale in the Indian educational setting. With a sample size of 660 teaching faculties in universities and colleges across India, this study followed the routine stages such as construct validity analysis in the form of Exploratory Factor Analysis using SPSS V27, followed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis in AMOS software. The original scale with 39 items across seven dimensions were retained throughout the validation process and resulted in a high reliability score of 0.907. This provides compelling evidence for the validity and reliability of the teachers AI-TPACK scale in measuring Indian educators' knowledge and skills at the juncture of AI with pedagogy, technology and content. This is currently the only scale available to measure this construct in India.

Mental Health Competence of Faculty In a State University

Mental Health Competence of Faculty In a State University

Hadith Preservation: Techniques And Contemporary Efforts

Hadith is an important source of Islamic teachings. The method of Hadith preservation during the time of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and after his demise has constantly been criticised by Orientalists and critics of Islam. Most of their objections emphasise that Hadith could not have been accurately transmitted orally over a century. Thus, conducting research on how Hadith has been preserved is crucial, particularly to remind the critics that Allah’s (Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala) promise to protect His Book is not limited to the Qur’an, but also extends to the Hadith, which explains the meanings of the Qur’an. Additionally, it is crucial to continuously discuss the painstaking efforts that went into Hadith preservation, which make Muslims believe with absolute certainty that Hadith were accurately preserved. On this basis, this article discusses the multifaceted landscape of Hadith preservation by exploring the techniques employed and contemporary efforts in preserving this rich Islamic heritage. Relevant books, academic journal articles, lecture notes, and webpages were reviewed in writing this article. The three main techniques that played a significant role in preserving Hadith are memorisation, the principle of practice, and documentation. Moreover, the contemporary efforts that contributed to Hadith preservation include the massive publication of academic books and journals on Hadith, the establishment of faculties in major universities that offer Hadith studies as a specialised academic program, the increase in comparative jurisprudence studies that refer to Hadith as one of the most important references, the need to respond to Orientalist theories on Hadith, and the advent of digital technology.

Faktor yang memengaruhi minat mahasiswa berkarir sebagai konsultan pajak

The research was meticulously designed to investigate the impact of self-efficacy, job market considerations, financial rewards, and tax volunteer programs on students' interest in a career as a tax consultant. This study, based on quantitative primary data from questionnaire responses rated on a five-Likert scale, is a testament to the rigor of our research methodology. The research population comprises students from the Faculty of Economics and Universities in Surabaya who have participated in tax volunteering. The non-probability sampling technique, specifically the purposive sampling method, was employed to obtain 125 samples. The research data was rigorously analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling – Partial Least Square. The findings of this research underscore the influence of self-efficacy and job market considerations on students' desire for a career as a tax consultant. On the other hand, the influence of financial rewards and tax volunteer programs on students' interest in a career as a tax consultant was found to be negligible. Potential for future research to broaden the scope of respondents and to include additional independent variables such as tax brevet training, offers hope for a more comprehensive understanding of the factors that influence student career interest.

VITAMIN D STATUS AMONG FEMALE STUDENTS IN FACULTY OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF ADEN- YEMEN

Vitamin D deficiency is not only associated with rickets and osteomalacia, but with several chronic diseases, such as cancer, ischemic heart disease and type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent across all age groups in epidemic proportions. Worldwide, an estimated one billion people suffer from vitamin D deficiency. One of the major reasons for the worldwide spread of this disorder has been deficient awareness about the importance of vitamin D, its benefits on health, and prevention of deficiency state across different populations. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among female medical students regarding the importance of vitamin D and to determine its correlates among female students in Aden, Yemen. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 70 adult female students aged 19-30 years enrolled in Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Aden in the period April to October 2019. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information for participants data such as age, place of residence (urban or rural), skin color (pigmentation) and applying of sun protection creams. Blood samples were taken to investigate serum 25-(OH)D3 level for all participants through laboratory examination using Roche Cobas e 411 Automatic Analyzer, after recruiting their sociodemographic, health and lifestyle. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were classified as normal (&gt;30 ng/ml), insufficiency (10-30 ng/ml) and deficiency (&lt;10 ng/ml). The data statistically analyzed using SPSS version 24. The mean age (SD) of participants 22.4 ± 2.01years. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among all participants was 34.3% while 65.7% had vitamin D insufficiency. low concentrations of serum vitamin D is highly prevalent among female medical students. It is advisable to increase their consumption of foods rich in vitamin D. the incidence of VDD among growing girls is concerning and necessitates preventive intervention. Importantly, health strategy plan requires considerations of more promotion of safe sun exposure practice, sufficient vitamin D supplements and vitamin D fortification of foods.

INDICATOR PHYSICAL FITNESS USING NORMAL AND OVERWEIGHT BODY MASS INDEX MEASUREMENT METHOD IN STUDENTS

Background. Everyone should place a high premium on physical fitness because a fit body allows one to perform everyday chores and responsibilities at their best. Body mass index, which measures dietary status, is one element that affects physical fitness. (BMI). This study intends to assess the physical health and BMI of students at the Adventist University of Indonesia's Faculty of Nursing. With Spearman's rho test, this study technique is quantitative. There were 70 participants who voluntarily and consciously gave their consent. The Zuchora Physical Fitness Test, height measuring equipment, and weight scales were the research tools employed. Results: A significant negative connection between BMI and physical fitness, speed, and arm strength was found using the Spearman Rho test (p.05). Jumping ability, flexibility, endurance, and muscle strength did not have a significant association with BMI (p &gt; 0.05), however. The findings of this study suggest that BMI has an impact on physical fitness in terms of arm speed and strength. The speed and arm strength decrease as BMI increases.

Black, Low-Income Undergraduates’ Perceptions of Course-Related Factors Associated With Reduced Academic Stress at a Predominantly White Institution

Academic stress is a common struggle for learners of all ages. High levels of academic stress can sometimes relate to lower academic outcomes and higher attrition rates. Black college students at predominantly White institutions (PWIs) face unique stressors such as discrimination and imposter syndrome. Being low-income can carry added stressors associated with a lack of access to resources. Prior literature indicates that support and stronger relationships with faculty are associated with lower stress levels and higher academic success. The purpose of this study was to develop a better understanding of course-related factors that reduce academic stress among Black, low-income undergraduates at a PWI. Interviews with 19 Black undergraduates recruited from a department that servees low-income, first-generation students revealed a set of interrelated factors that produce greater feelings of support, relatedness, and competence, which aligns with a reduction in stressful experiences. A thematic analysis was used to create descriptive categories and produce a visual representation of these factors. Implications for university staff and faculty are discussed.

A Retrospective Evaluation of Patients Who Had Den¬tal Treatments Under General Anesthesia

Aim: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the demographic and operational data of uncooperative healthy individuals and individuals with special needs who underwent dental treatments under sedation and general anesthesia. Methods: Data of 458 patients with special needs and 77 healthy noncooperative patients who were examined at XXX University Faculty of Dentistry between January 2022 and May 2023 and underwent dental treatments under general anesthesia were examined retrospectively. Demographic data of the patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scores, mallampati (MP) scores, disability status, if they have systemic diseases, type of anesthesia (sedation/general anesthesia), anesthetic agents and analgesia used, operation duration and dental treatments, were evaluated. Results: The average age of 535 patients who received dental treatment was 13.5±9.9 years and 58.1% (n=311) of the patients were male and 41.9% (n=224) were female. According to ASA scores, the distribution was 15.7% ASA I, 77.6% ASA II, and 6.7% ASA III. While 14.4% of the patients were systemically healthy, 16.7% had epilepsy, 12.9% had cerebral palsy, 12.1% had mental retardation, and 7.1% had Down syndrome. Of 7.1% had various comorbidities such as cardiological problems. Sedation was applied to 7.3% (n=39) of the patients, and general anesthesia was applied to 92.7% (n=496). The average anesthesia duration was 74.5±34.6 minutes. While the average restorative treatment applied to the patients was calculated as 6.45±3.9, tooth extraction 5.25±4.3, fissure sealant 2.44±2.5, pulp treatment 1.62±0.9; Trauma splint was applied to 3 patients. Conclusions: While pre-anesthesia evaluation is very important in determining the risks in dental general anesthesia and sedation applications, the operating conditions and the general and oral health of the patients are effective in the dental treatment decision.