Faculty Of Agricultural Sciences Research Articles

Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes to temperature and light intensity under green-house and field conditions

The present investigation was conducted at the Qlyasn Agricultural Research Station - Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, during the summer season of 2011. The study included two different experiments , field and green house experiments. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) design was used in the field experiment with four replication . Four maize Zea mays L. genotypes , obtained from different sources were cultivated under the natural condition in the field experiment in experimental units with ( 4 x 2.5 m) area , the length of rows was 4 meters and distance between each two rows was 0.70 m , and 0.25m between every two plants. While light intensity was measured by PHYWE –Type- LUX Meter, shading was used for diminishing over heat, and light-bulbs were used for balancing light interception inside the green house. There were significant differences among maize genotype responses under the effect of temperature and light intensity of field conditions in studied vegetative growth criteria except plant height and chlorophyll content which were measured in second date post- silking . There were significant differences in accumulated numbers of CHUs among genotypes , in which G1 needed minimum numbers of CHUs (2121.600) , while G3 needed maximum numbers of CHUs (2346.625) and there were differences in the distribution pattern of the accumulated heat units on the growth stages of the genotypes. There were significant differences among four maize genotypes in the rate of leaf appearance across the growth season, and in the number of CHUs required for phyllochron in different stages of growth , and the superiority was to G3 compared to other genotypes. The significant exceeding of G3 also was in LAI due to larger numbers of leaves.

EDITORIAL

The Editorial Committee of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and the current and former editors wish to express our deepest and most sincere condolences on the passing of Dr. Yoav Bashan, who was part of our journal's scientific committee until last september.

Primer registro de Gymnoclytia (Diptera: Tachinidae) endoparasitoide de Euschistus heros (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) en Paraguay

Las moscas taquínidas son importantes parasitoides que regulan naturalmente la densidad poblacional de diversas plagas agrícolas. Este trabajo de investigación tuvo por objetivo identificar a los parasitoides Tachinidae emergidos de la chinche Euschistus heros procedente de recolectas hechas en cultivo de soja de la localidad de Fortuna, municipio de Pedro Juan Caballero, Departamento de Amambay, Paraguay. Los insectos fueron criados y mantenidos en el laboratorio de Protección Vegetal, división Entomología de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Se observó que de las chinches surgieron larvas y pupas, de las cuales emergieron moscas (n = 7). Los especímenes en tubos de vidrio se conservaron en alcohol 70 % y se enviaron para su identificación y clasificación taxonómica al laboratorio de Sistemática y Biogeografía de Diptera del Departamento de Zoología del Instituto de Biociências de la Universidad de São Paulo, Brasil. La mosca parasitoide emergida fue identificada como Gymnoclytia (Diptera: Tachinidae), siendo el primer registro para el cultivo de soja en Paraguay, un importante agente de control biológico que puede favorecer el equilibrio natural de la densidad poblacional de E. heros.

Perfil de ingreso de los estudiantes a la Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas en la Universidad Central del Ecuador

En este artículo se estudia el perfil de ingreso de los estudiantes a la Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas en la Universidad Central del Ecuador, mediante el análisis de las estrategias, motivos y enfoques de aprendizaje que modelan el comportamiento del estudiante e influyen en su desempeño. La falta de interés y los documentos publicados alrededor de las Ciencias Agrícolas dan énfasis a la investigación experimental, dejando relegada la investigación educativa, dando como resultado pocos estudios sobre el tema a nivel nacional e internacional. Se aplicó en forma virtual y voluntaria el  Cuestionario de Procesos de Estudio - Revisado R-SPQ-2F. La población estuvo conformada por 80 estudiantes de la Carrera de Ingeniería Agronómica y 20 estudiantes de la Carrera de Turismo Ecológico. Se relacionaron los enfoques de aprendizaje con factores extra curriculares como la carrera, el género y el nivel de estudio de los padres. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de estudiantes prefieren el enfoque superficial, que tiene como base fundamental la motivación extrínseca, y apuesta por el aprendizaje memorístico. No se encontró ninguna relación relevante entre el enfoque de aprendizaje y los factores extracurriculares; sin embargo, los estudiantes con padres con el mayor nivel educativo presentan el mayor enfoque superficial. Lo anterior señala que el objetivo de los estudiantes es aprobar sus estudios aunque esto implique obtener las mínimas calificaciones. Se concluye que es fundamental conocer el perfil de ingreso de los estudiantes, con la finalidad de implementar métodos y metodologías para conseguir el aprendizaje significativo, prevenir el fracaso y la deserción estudiantil.

Isolation of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. and Staphylococcus spp. from Bovine Mastitic Milk in Nuwera Eliya District of Sri Lanka and their Sensitivity to Commonly Used Antibiotics

Aims: Mastitis is one of the very important and most common diseases among dairy cattle globally which leads to severe economical losses in the dairy industry. For the sustainability of the dairy sector it is critical that efficient, economically feasible treatment regime is available for clinical cases of mastitis as a part of the control program with minimum risk for residues in milk. Antimicrobials are the most common drugs of choice for controlling and preventing this devastating condition. But the frequent use of antibiotics leads to the development of resistant bacteria which could have an adverse effect on human health as well. To mitigate this destructive constraint in the industry, identifying the etiology and their susceptibilities to remedial measures are of paramount importance. Hence this study was aimed at isolating and identifying the common bacterial etiology Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. and Staphylococcus spp. of mastitis and evaluating the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates in order to develop mastitis control strategies in the area.
 Study Design: Milk samples were collected from mastitic cows in different stages including subclinical and clinical cases based on the results of California Mastitis Test
 Place and Duration of Study: Samples were collected from dairy farms in Nuwera Eliya District, Sri Lanka and Laboratory investigations were carried out in the Laboratory of Livestock Production, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Between Aug. 2017 and Nov. 2017.
 Methodology: E.coli, Klebsiella spp. and Staphylococcus spp. were isolated from 31 milk samples and susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics (Trimethoprim, Oxytetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Cephalexin, Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin) was determined by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method.
 Results: The study revealed that the most common isolate was the Klebsiella spp. and it is 54.8% and other two organisms Staphylococcus spp. had 51.6% and Escherichia coli 41.9%. Of all isolated pathogen, 97.1% exhibited resistant to Cephalexin and it was the highest while lowest resistance was to Chloramphenicol (31.4%). Among the other antibiotics, 54.3% of total isolates showed resistance to Trimethoprim followed by 42.9% to Oxytetracycline and Enrofloxacin, 34.3% was resistant to Ciprofloxacin. Resistance to at least one antibiotic was observed for the isolated microorganisms. All the three isolated pathogens are more resistant to Cephalexin. Both E. coli and Klebsiella spp. show 100% resistance to Cephalexin while Staphylococci had 92.9% resistance. This further revealed that E. coli (10%) and Klebsiella spp. (27.3%) are showing the least resistance to Chloramphenicol, None of Staphylococcus spp. (0%) isolated show resistance to Enrofloxacin.
 Conclusion: Most common organisms isolated were Klebsiella spp. followed by Staphylococcus spp., E. coli and there is a resistance of isolated organisms to some commonly used antibiotics.

Crecimiento y extracción nutrimental de nochebuena en respuesta a la relación nitrato:calcio y etapa fenológica


 
 
 Los requerimientos nutrimentales de las plantas son distintos en sus diferentes etapas fenológicas por lo que en el presente experimento se modificó la solución de Steiner para adaptarla a cada etapa de nochebuena (crecimiento radical, desarrollo vegetativo y pigmentación). Se utilizó el cultivar Prestige, el sustrato fue una mezcla de tierra de hoja, fibra de coco y tezontle rojo en proporción 60:20:20 (%, v/v) y contenedor de polietileno negro de 15.24 cm de diámetro. El experimento se llevó a cabo en la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos. Se evaluaron variables morfológicas de las plantas de nochebuena como respuesta a la concentración relativa entre NO3- y Ca2+ de la solución nutritiva. El suministro de nutrimentos de acuerdo con las etapas fenológicas de la nochebuena afecta el crecimiento, extracción y concentración de nutrimentos, pero depende del régimen nutrimental. El régimen con la concentración (meq L-1) NO3-:Ca2+ 10:7 en crecimiento radical, 10:9 en desarrollo vegetativo y 12:9 en la etapa de pigmentación indujeron que las plantas de nochebuena presentaran mayor extracción de N, P, K, Ca y Mg, se incrementara la concentración de K y las características morfológicas y la producción de materia seca fueran sobresalientes.
 
 

Água tratada magneticamente para irrigação: efeitos na produção e eficiência do uso da água na cultura da cenoura (Daucus carota L.)

A cultura da cenoura vem aumentando sua representatividade na produção de hortaliças devido a seus benefícios para a saúde humana. Objetivou-se neste trabalho analisar a consequência de diferentes lâminas de irrigação utilizando água tratada magneticamente e potável para a cultura da cenoura. O experimento foi conduzido na Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA-UNESP), Campus de Botucatu-SP (Brasil), entre os meses de setembro a dezembro de 2015. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial de 2×5 com 10 repetições. Assim, os tratamentos foram 2 tipos de água (água tratada magneticamente e potável), e 5 lâminas de reposição que corresponderam aos percentuais da evapotranspiração (25, 50, 75, 100 e 125% da Etc), utilizando a irrigação por gotejamento. Constatou-se que a irrigação com água tratada magneticamente proporcionou um incremento na massa de matéria fresca, sendo que a lâmina que obteve a maior produção foi a de 100 e 125% da Etc, assim verificando a possibilidade do aumento da produtividade da cenoura. Se constatou aumento significativo para a o número de folhas, comprimento de bulbo e diâmetro para a cultura da cenoura quando irrigada com água tratada magneticamente.

Agronomic Performance Sugar Beet ( Beta vulgaris L.) in Egypt Using Inorganic, Organic and Biofertilizers

FIELD experiments were conducted at the Experimental Farm of Environmental Agricultural Sciences Faculty, Arish University, El-Arish, North Sinai Governorate, during the two growing seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016, the experimental design was split-plot in (RCBD) with three replications. The main plots were devoted to forms of nitrogen and biofertilizer treatments in sub-plots. The main objective to evaluate four nitrogen forms, biofertilizer and their interactions on some growth criteria of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Results revealed that, urea treatment achieved the highest (LAI) and (RGR) in the first season (CGR) in the second season, whereas ammonium nitrate achieved the highest (CGR) in the first season and (LAI) and (LAD) in the second season. Urea treatment inclusion in seeds with ntrobin application resulted the highest values of (LAI), (CGR) and (LAD) and in the first season. Ammonium sulphate treatment with (phosphorin + ntrobin) obtained the highest (NAR) in the first season. Ammonium sulphate treatment with phosphorin obtained the highest (RGR) in the first season. Ammonium nitrate treatment with phosphorin obtained the highest (LAD) in the second season. Finally, results concluded fertilizing sugar beet plants with ammonium sulphate 100 kg N/fad and inoculated with biofertilizer (ntrobin 600 gm/fad) increased the growth rate sugar beet plants under sandy soil conditions.

Effect of NPK Rates and Inoculation with Mycorrhizal Fungi on Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) Plant in Sandy Soils

This study was carried out during the winter seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16 at The Experimental Farm ofEnvironmental Agricultural Sciences Faculty, Arish University, North Sinai Governorate, Egypt. The aim of this workwas to study the effect of different NPK rates (0.00, 22.4, 44.8 and 67.2 Kg/fed) and different Mycorrhizal fungiconcentrations (0.00, 28, 56 and 84 g/fed) and their interactions on growth and chemical content of dry leaves (nitrogen,phosphorus, potassium), and fresh leaves content of chlorophyll A and B as well as dry flower content of oil ofchamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) under sandy soil conditions. A Split plot design was used NPK rates wererandomly arranged in main plots and the mycorrhizal fungi concentrations were randomly distributed in the sub plots,Drip irrigation was used. Distance between lines was 50 cm and between plants in the same row was 30 cm (28000plant per fed). The obtained results showed that the highest values of vegetative growth (plant height, stem diameter,number of branches, fresh and dry weight of herb, root length, and root fresh and dry weight), flower traits (number offolwer/plant, flower fresh and dry weight, and flower diameter), chemical constituents (N, P, K), chlorophyll content (a& b), and essential oil percentage were achieved when chamomile plants treated with 67.2 kg NPK/fed or 84g/fedmycorrhizal fungi. The interaction results indicated that the highest values of all previous traits were recorded withplants fertilized with 67.2 kg NPK/fed and inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi at 84 g/fed.

Efecto del nitrógeno y el potasio sobre el intercambio gaseoso y la distribución de biomasa en albahaca (<i>Ocimum basillicum</i> L.)

La albahaca es considerada una planta promisoria de reciente explotación en Colombia, pero entre las limitaciones para su expansión, se encuentra la implementación de un plan de nutrición con la aplicación de nitrógeno y potasio, que permita el incremento y sostenibilidad de la producción. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar el efecto de la fertilización con nitrógeno y potasio sobre variables de intercambio gaseoso, ganancia de biomasa e índice de cosecha (IC) de la albahaca (Ocimum basillicum L.) cv. Nufar F1. La investigación fue realizada en condiciones de umbráculo en la Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas de la Universidad de Córdoba, Colombia. Se utilizó una matriz Box-Berard aumentada 3 (2k+2k+2k+1+1), para la obtención de combinaciones de nitrógeno y potasio. Las respuestas de intercambio gaseoso evaluadas fueron: tasa de fotosíntesis, conductancia estomática y concentración interna de CO2. En cuanto a biomasa, se evaluó masa seca de raíz, tallo, hoja e índice de cosecha. Los resultados más relevantes indicaron que las máximas tasas de fotosíntesis (17,3 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1) fue observada aplicando 190 kg ha-1 N y 12,5 kg ha-1 K, en tanto que la conductancia estomática fue mayor (65,13 mmol CO2 m-2 s-1), con la misma dosis de N pero con dosis de K de 237,5 kg ha-1. Los valores más altos de masa seca de raíces, tallos y hojas fueron encontradas con las máximas dosis de N (190 kg ha-1), aunque para el potasio las combinaciones que incrementaron la mayor acumulación de biomasa en raíces, tallos y hojas fueron 180,69; 237,5 y 12,5 kg ha-1, respectivamente.

EDITORIAL

The Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia is pleased to present the first issue of Volume 36, 2018 of the Agronomia Colombiana journal. This issue is composed of 10 articles on various aspects of agricultural and food research, conducted particularly in the neotropics. The areas covered in this issue are: plant Breeding, Genetic Resources and Molecular Biology (with the highest number of papers), Crop protection, Soils, Fertilization and Water Management, physiology and postharvest Technology, Economics and Rural Development, and Food Science and Technology.

Rendimiento y calidad del chile habanero (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) por efecto del régimen nutrimental

Con la finalidad de evaluar el efecto de diez regímenes nutrimentales en chile habanero cultivado en un sistema hidropónico bajo cubierta plástica, en 2015 se realizó un estudio de abril a septiembre en el campo experimental de la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias de la Universidad Autónoma del estado de Morelos. Los tratamientos consistieron en tres concentraciones de nitrato en la etapa vegetativa (10, 12 y 14 me L-1), combinadas cada una con tres relaciones de nitrato:fosfato:sulfato en la etapa de floración (14:1.25:4.75, 12:1:7 y 14:1.25:4.75 me L-1) y con tres relaciones nitrato/potasio en la etapa de fructificación (14:5, 14:5 y 12:7 me L-1). Los tratamientos se distribuyeron en un diseño completamente al azar con diez repeticiones cada uno. El suministro de las soluciones nutritivas fue mediante riego por goteo, con caudal de 8 L/hora. Se aplicaron 8 riegos diarios, con un tiempo de 1 min/riego al inicio del desarrollo del cultivo y hasta 4 min/riego en la etapa de fructificación. La unidad experimental fue un contenedor de polietileno negro con capacidad para 15.14 L, con grava de tezontle rojo como sustrato y una planta. Los resultados indicaron que por efecto del régimen nutrimental de 14 me L-1 de NO3- (etapa vegetativa), 14:1.25:4.75 me L-1 de NO3-:H2PO4-:SO42- (etapa de floración) y 14:5 me L-1 de NO3-:K+ (etapa de fructificación), hubo un incremento en el número de flores/planta, número de frutos/planta y rendimiento, el cual fue de 1054 g/planta en seis cortes de fruto, 33% superior al rendimiento obtenido de las plantas que se nutren con solución Steiner durante todo el ciclo de cultivo, mientras que la acumulación de materia seca también fue superior 20.3%.

Farklı Olgunlaşma Grubuna Giren Soya Çeşitlerinin Niğde Koşullarında Verim ve Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

2015 ve 2016 yıllarında Niğde Bölgesi ana ürün koşullarında yürütülen çalışmada, 27 farklı soya çeşidinin tarımsal ve kalite özellikleri incelenmiştir. Araştırma, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri ve Teknolojileri Fakültesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Alanında tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada; çıkış, çiçeklenme, meyve oluşum ve olgunlaşma süreleri ile bitki boyu, ilk meyve yüksekliği, dal sayısı, bakla sayısı, tohum sayısı, bakladaki tohum sayısı, 100-tohum ağırlığı, protein oranı, yağ oranı ve tohum verimi değerleri incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, denemede yer alan çeşitlerin bölge koşullarında incelenen özellikler açısından önemli derecede farklılıklar gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın iki yıllık ortalama tohum verimi değerleri 135,2 kg/da ile 295,8 kg/da arasında değişmiş olup, en yüksek tohum verimi Adasoy (IV. Olgunlaşma grubu) çeşidinden, en düşük tohum verimi ise Inton (I. Olgunlaşma grubu) çeşidinden elde edilmiştir. Adasoy, Sa-88 ve Nova çeşitlerinin Niğde koşullarında ana ürün olarak yetiştirilebilecek çeşit adayları olabileceği saptanmıştır.

Supporting the Research Practices of Agricultural Scientists at Oregon State University

ABSTRACTAs part of a cross-institutional collaboration organized by Ithaka S+R, Oregon State University Libraries faculty interviewed 15 faculty members in the College of Agricultural Sciences about their research, publishing, and information management practices. The work of Agricultural Sciences faculty is uniquely influenced by their regional geography and climate, as well as by their local and disciplinary communities of practice, which includes both growers and scholars. Findings showed that publishing decisions, access to research, barriers to access, and a systems thinking approach were influenced by behaviors and standards established by these various communities. Implications for the libraries' role in discovery, access, and dissemination are considered and discussed.

Efecto de la aplicación de enmiendas orgánicas, como complemento a la fertilización química en la producción de pimiento (Capsicum annum L.), en la zona de Babahoyo

Pepper (Capsicum annum l.) belongs to the genus Capsicum of the Solanaceae families. Its fruit is green. It has a high content of vitamins A and C. This fruit, however, is of great importance to the human population. The stud of pepper (Capsicum annuum l.) was carried out in the fields located in the Technical University of Babahoyo, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences in Los Rios province, Ecuador. This work was carried out between the months of September to January 2016. The planting was done with the hybrid material, Salvador, in plots of 11.9 m2. The statistical design used was completely randomized blocks with 10 treatments and 4 replicates. The useful area of the plot was 476 m2. At the end of the crop cycle, the following was obtained: plant height, days to flowering, days to harvest, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, weight of fruit, fruit diameter, size of fruit, days to maturity, yield, and cost-benefit ratio. Based on the results of the present study, it was demonstrated that the application of organic matter in combination of a fertilization program affected the agronomic performance of the cultivation of peppers under the field conditions in which it was developed. Based on statistical analysis, we can also mention thatSalvador hybrid material used in this trial presents an extension in the days corresponding to the flowering and ripening under the applications of functional organic material. This factor coupled with the application of chemical fertilizer affects performance. The best agronomic performance of the fruit was found in treatment, Bokashi 4000 Kg / ha, which presented the best features based on the number of fruits, fruit diameter, and length off. As a result of the application of fertilizers and amendments, it was found that they had influence on the plant height measurements made in the evaluated treatments.

Impact of Different Stocking Density on Productive and economic Performance of Broiler Chickens

The present study was conducted at the poultry farm of Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sulaimani in Bakrajo from 8/1/2015 to 20/2/2015. Ninety eight one-day old broiler chicks were distributed on three stocking densities to study broiler performance and economic index. Three treatments of stocking densities: T1, T2 and T3 were respectively as follow (8, 12 and 16 birds/ m2) . Broiler chickens feed intake were taken on each pen at 1, 7, 14, 28, 35 and 42 days in addition to the daily record of body weight, average weight gain, average feed intake, average feed conversion ratio and viability. Body weight and average weight gain for males and females were weekly recorded. Values of European Broiler Index and European Production Efficiency Factor were calculated at 28 and 42 days of age. Body weight of birds did not significantly (p≤0.05) affected within different periods except at day (28) of age. Birds in T1 significantly (p≤0.05) showed higher body weight comparing with other treatments. Feed conversion ratio was significantly (p≤0.05) better for birds in T1 at all periods (1to 42) days of age than birds in T2 and T3. However, the average weight gain and feed intake did not significantly affected by different stocking densities at all periods. The body weight and weight gain of males were significantly (p≤0.05) higher than females at all periods except at one day old. The different stocking densities of broiler chickens were positively influenced the growth performance (body weight. European Broiler Index and European Production Efficiency Factor were numerically higher for T1 birds compared with other treatments.

Studies on Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence of Mesquite, Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) DC. in Sudan Gezira

Mesquite, Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) DC, was introduced in many semi-arid areas of Sudan to combat desertification and provide fuel wood and fodder. However, it spread rapidly into fertile, productive areas, and irrigation and drainage channels, particularly in some of the major irrigated schemes. Nursery experiments were conducted at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan, to investigate water uptake by seeds, germination-rate, sowing depth, acid scarification and animal feeding of intact pods on germination and seedling emergence. Pods were collected from town, or the National Tree Seed Center laboratory. Seeds were used immediately after extraction. Petri-dishes with filter paper or plastic pots were used. Treatments were arranged in CRB design, with 4-6 replicates. Data were subjected to ANOVA and DMRT. The results revealed that the seeds have high ability to absorb water and exhibited high rate of germination, especially in the second wk after sowing (96%). Seeds placed on the soil surface failed to germinate, while those buried at depths of 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 cm displayed 100, 75, 60 and 40% germination, respectively. Seedling emergence was delayed by deep burial and amounted to 100 and 50% at depth of 2.5 and 5cm, respectively. Seeds germinated and seedlings have emerged at high rates (100%), when treated with sulfuric acid (60%v/v) for 5 min. they germinated and seedlings emerged normally, when extracted from sheep droppings.

Analysis of Rainfall in the Locality of Babahoyo, for the Programming of Cultivation of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

The work was carried out with the objective of knowing the precipitation regime of Babahoyo, Los Ríos in Ecuador and in this way contribute to the improvement of the cropping calendar of “rainfed rice", as this information is commonly required by farmers and agricultural professionals who work as agricultural advisers. A serie of record’s rainfalls were processed in about 35 years belonging to the Babahoyo’s Weather Station of the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology situated on the premises of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of theTechnical University of Babahoyo (UTB), the methodology applied focuses on the identification of statistics such as the mean, standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variation, asymmetry coefficient and kurtosis coefficient; then on the basis of average is determined dry and wet periods, the frequency and the intensity in which they occur. It was found that in this town from 1980 to 2014 occurred eight dry periods and seven wet periods, that occured with a frequency of 3.4 and 3.7 years respectively. Based on the results, the wet season is defined between the months from December to May and the dry season from June to November. The sheet available average cumulative rainfall, which is determined for wet and dry periods, has the following valuables: 1001,3 mm, 3169 mm and an average of 2167,7 mm. The rainfed rice in the area should be planted from the month of December, to be taken advantage of all the rain of the wet season.

Glicerina associada à ureia na terminação de bovinos: parâmetros ruminais, digestibilidade e massa microbiana

RESUMO O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar a combinação de glicerina com ureia, quanto aos parâmetros ruminais, à digestibilidade e à qualidade da massa microbiana. O trabalho foi conduzido na Unidade Animal de Estudos Digestivos e Metabólicos, pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-FCAV/Unesp, Câmpus de Jaboticabal. Seis animais da raça Nelore providos de cânulas ruminais foram utilizados para verificar os parâmetros pH, nitrogênio amoniacal, a digestibilidade e a massa microbiana, distribuídos em quadrado latino 6x6. Seis dietas com energia metabolizável e proteína bruta semelhantes foram formuladas, utilizando-se a proporção volumoso:concentrado de 30:70. O volumoso utilizado foi silagem de milho. Os concentrados utilizados foram compostos por milho, casca de soja, farelo de girassol, glicerina e ureia. Os tratamentos foram: C = controle; U = 1% de ureia; G10 = 10% de glicerina; GU10 = 1% de ureia e 10% de glicerina, G20 = 20% de glicerina e GU20 = 20% de glicerina e 1% de ureia. Houve influência das dietas no crescimento dos microrganismos ruminais, no pH e no nitrogênio amoniacal. Dietas com 20% de glicerina na matéria seca da dieta diminuem a população de protozoários ruminais. A inclusão de glicerina diminui a digestibilidade de componentes fibrosos da dieta.

INFLUENCE OF THREE PELLETS BASED GREEN FODDERS, PRODUCTS AND BY-PRODUCTS MAIZE ON THE GROWTH OF BRED GRASSCUTTER (THRYONOMYS SWINDERIANUS) IN BENIN.

20Dec 2016 INFLUENCE OF THREE PELLETS BASED GREEN FODDERS, PRODUCTS AND BY-PRODUCTS MAIZE ON THE GROWTH OF BRED GRASSCUTTER (THRYONOMYS SWINDERIANUS) IN BENIN. F. F. Aizoun , S. C. B. Pomalegni , C. D. S. J. Gbemavo , S. Farougou , A. K .I. Youssao and G.A. Mensah. Laboratory of Zootechnical, Veterinary and Halieutic Research (LRZV), Centre of Agricultural Research/Agonkanmey (CRA) of the National Institute of Agricultural Research of Benin (INRAB), 01 BP 884 Master recipe, Cotonou, 01 Republic of Benin. Department of Animal Production and health, Biotechnology Research Unit of Production and Animal Health, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Benin. Laboratory of Biomathematics and Forest Estimates (LABEF), Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), 04 BP 1525, Cotonou, Benin. University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC),Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi (EPAC), 2Department of Animal Production and health, Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology, 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Benin.