Health Sciences Faculty Research Articles

Hubungan Tingkat Stres dengan Social Media Self Disclosure pada Mahasiswa

The burden faced by students during lectures can cause stress. The stress faced by students requires students to find ways to deal with stress. One method used by students is to vent negative feelings in the form of stress on social media or what is called social media self-disclosure. The aim of this research is to determine the correlation between stress levels and social media self-disclosure in students. This research is a correlational analytical research using a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were students at the Faculty of Health Sciences, namely 429 students with a total research sample of 207 respondents selected using proportional random sampling techniques. The research results showed that the majority of respondents with mild levels of stress had moderate social media self disclosure, namely 109 respondents (52.6%). The statistical test results of the relationship between stress levels and social media self-disclosure in students using the spearman rank correlation test showed that p-value = 0.000 α = 0.05, which means there is a relationship between stress levels and social media self-disclosure in students. The correlation coefficient value obtained is 0.379 which can be interpreted as meaning that the relationship between stress levels and social media self-disclosure in students has a weak correlation with a positive relationship direction, which means that the higher the stress level, the higher the level of social media self-disclosure. Students should be able to use social media appropriately to reduce the stress they face.

A review of nursing departments in higher education institutions in Turkey

Aims: The presence of qualified nurses is an indispensable element for the health system. The training of qualified nurses depends on nursing education and the provision of this education by specialized nurses. This study aims to examine the nursing departments in higher education institutions in Turkey in terms of some variables. Methods: The data of this descriptive study were collected between March 20 and 31, 2024 by using the “https://yokatlas.yok.gov.tr” and “https://akademik.yok.gov.tr” databases of the Council of Higher Education and the official websites of 158 universities. Results: It was observed that the majority of higher education institutions providing nursing education were located within the Faculty of Health Sciences (82.3%), were state universities (65.9%), and were located in the Marmara region (31.6%). It was determined that there were 3641 academicians in 158 universities throughout Turkey, the highest number of academic staff was in the department of “Internal Medicine Nursing”, the lowest number was in the department of “Education in Nursing”, and 5.5% of the academicians were from non-nursing fields. Conclusion: It was observed that there are widespread departments providing nursing education in universities throughout Turkey, although state universities are predominant, foundation universities also prioritize nursing departments and out-of-field academicians are involved in nursing education.

Opinions and Experiences of Foreign Student Nurses Regarding Patient Care Practices in Türkiye: A Qualitative Study

Aims : We aimed to identify the unique challenges and opportunities faced by international student nurses in Türkiye when practicing patient care. This understanding is essential for educators, healthcare institutions, and policy makers to create more inclusive and supportive environments that enhance learning and professional development. Addressing these challenges can lead to better integration of foreign student nurses into the healthcare system, ultimately improving patient care quality. This research is important for all stakeholders in healthcare - educators, administrators, policymakers, and patients - because a diverse and well-supported nursing workforce is essential for the delivery of culturally competent and high-quality care. Methods : This study employed interpretative phenomenology. Data were collected from 12 foreign nursing students from Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Iran, and the Netherlands. Data were collected between 01 and 20 May 2023 in the Nursing Department of the Faculty of Health Sciences of a state university in the province of Şanlıurfa, located in the southeastern region of Türkiye. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s method. Results : We identified four themes: “Metaphors describing patient care practices,” “Factors affecting care practices,” “Needs for education and support,” and “Opportunities during patient care practices.” Positively influencing factors included better education and living standards and economic benefits, while negatively influencing factors were traumatic events before studying abroad, racial discrimination, language and cultural differences, negative emotions, peer victimization, and lack of use of standards. Interviewees reported a need for training and support and that patient care practices provided opportunities for greater awareness, responsibility, and professional integration. Discussion : Positive and negative experiences of foreign student nurses were evident in the delivery of patient care practice. Interventions are needed to alleviate negatively influencing factors, provide training and support for students, and improve opportunities for foreign nationals. Identification of these factors can help medical educators to develop culturally sensitive and inclusive approaches, as well as individual/organisational facilitators that enhance existing opportunities and remove barriers.

Exploring determinants of hand hygiene among nursing students: A theory of planned behavior approach

BackgroundThis study aims to assess the hand hygiene behavior of nursing students and identify the factors influencing this behavior through the “Scale for Assessment Hand Washing Behavior in the Frame of Theory of Planned Behaviour (SAHBTPB)”.MethodsThis descriptive and cross-sectional study was undertaken at the nursing departments of the university’s faculty of health sciences in İzmir, Turkey between 2021 and 2022. A total of 240 nursing students were recruited as participants for this study. Data were collected with the SAHBTPB. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Chi-square test, and correlation analysis in the SPSS 21.0 program (p < .05).ResultsParticipation rate was 74.76%. The mean age of the students was 20.59 ± 1.59 years and 69.9% were woman. The nursing students’ total mean score of SAHBTPB was 147.5 ± 14.0 (min = 94; max = 176). There was a positively significant association between the total score and students’ gender, graduate level, and hand hygiene education status. There was no significant difference in scale total score mean based on the existence of dermatological problems on the students’ hands or their frequency of hand hygiene (p > .05).ConclusionThe mean scores of nursing students on the SAHBTPB were found to be at a good level. The sub-dimension “intention” was identified as an effective factor in predicting the hand hygiene behavior of the students. The findings have the potential to positively impact nursing education by increasing awareness among students and offering valuable insights for nurses and educators.

Relationship between social media addiction level and nutritional status in students of the faculty of health sciences

Relationship between social media addiction level and nutritional status in students of the faculty of health sciences

Understanding the relationship between quality of life, anthropometric measures and mental health in individuals with obesity.

Obesity is a chronic medical condition caused by an excessive accumulation of body fat that represents a major risk factor for public health. The relationship between obesity, quality of life (QoL) and mental health has been examined in some previous literature. However, the studies found have not linked anthropometric variables with QoL factors, as they have used generic questionnaires. The present study aimed to analyse the influence of anthropometric variables on the QoL of people with obesity and examine its relationship with psychological variables. It was a cross-sectional study composed of 77 Spanish participants adults (M=45.12years; SD=10.29) collected from two different research projects. The measurements were carried out in the Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Alicante (Spain), including sociodemographic variables, anthropometric data and psychological questionnaires. The finding demonstrated the relationship between anthropometric variables and all QoL factors. Also, individuals with lower QoL exhibit more symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress and are more prone to emotional eating. The findings highlight the necessity of integrating psychological support into obesity treatment strategies, as well as the importance of using QoL questionnaires specific to people with obesity.

“I want to have stories too”. Nursing students' views on nursing identity and reasons for choosing nursing as a career: A qualitative study

AimTo understand and interpret nursing students' views on nursing identity and their reasons for choosing nursing as a career after participating in a face-to-face storytelling panel by academics. BackgroundKnowing nursing students’ view of the profession and their thoughts about the profession, their roles and their future will guide nursing academics to develop evidence-based strategies that will enable participants to realize their own professional identities. Storytelling has an important role in creating and strengthening a strong professional identity among participants. DesignThis study is a sample case study. MethodsThis research was carried out in the fall semester of the 2023–2024 academic year with participants registered in nursing program at the Faculty of Health Sciences of a state university in the Central Anatolia Region of Türkiye. The study was completed with one hundred ten participants. Five academics were invited to the panel at the Faculty of Health Sciences to share their experiences, stories and reasons for choosing nursing as a career through storytelling. The data were collected using the surveys, which includes five structured open ended questions and analyzed using descriptive analysis. ResultsFive main themes emerged: 1. Participants’ views on nursing profession; 2. Awareness of positive/negative emotions related to the profession as a part of nursing stories and feeling that these emotions are experienced in the stories; 3. Changes in the perspective of the profession and sense of belonging to the profession as part of nursing stories; 4. Facilitators in choosing nursing as a career; and 5. Barriers to choosing nursing as a career. ConclusionProviding participants with the chance to both listen to the real stories of academic nurses and to reflect on themselves through writing was a dynamic experience that motivated participants to understand their perceptions of nurses and nursing profession.

The Durban University of Technology Faculty of Health Sciences Decentralized Clinical Training Project: Protocol for an Implementation Study in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

The Durban University of Technology (DUT) Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, is embarking on a project to implement a Decentralized Clinical Training Program (DCTP). The DUT FHS DCTP project is being conducted in response to the growing demands of students requiring clinical service placements as part of work-integrated learning. The project is also geared toward responding to existing gaps in current practices related to the implementation of a DCTP, which has mainly been through traditional universities providing training to medical, optometry, occupational therapy, and physiotherapy students. In South Africa, a DCTP is yet to be implemented within the context of a university of technology; it is yet to be implemented within health science faculties that offer undergraduate health science programs in mainstream biomedicine and alternative and complementary disciplines. We aim to design, pilot, and establish an effective DCTP at the DUT FHS in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Participatory action research comprising various designs-namely, appreciative inquiry, qualitative case study design, phenomenography, and descriptive qualitative study design-will be used to conduct the study. Data will be collected using individual interviews, focus group discussions, nominal group technique, consensus methodology, and narrative inquiry. Study participants will include various internal and external stakeholders of the DUT, namely, academic staff; students; key informants from universities currently using successfully established DCTPs; academic support staff; staff working in human resources, finance, procurement, and accounting; and experts in other disciplines such as engineering and information systems. Overall, 4 undergraduate health science programs-namely, Radiography, Medical Orthotics and Prosthetics, Clinical Technology, and Emergency Medical Care and Rescue-will be part of the project's pilot phase. Findings from the project's pilot phase will be used to inform scale-up in the other undergraduate programs in the DUT FHS. The project is being implemented as part of the university's strategic objective of devising innovative curricula and pedagogical practices to improve the mastery, skill set, and competence of health science graduates. The study has currently commenced with the situational analysis, consisting of engagement with external stakeholders implementing DCTPs. The data to be generated from the completion of the situational analysis are anticipated to be published in 2024. This project is envisioned to facilitate collaboration among the universities of technology, traditional universities, Ministry of Health, and private sector for clinical placement of undergraduate health science students in health establishments that are away from the university, thereby exposing them to real-life experiences related to health care. This will facilitate authentic learning experiences that will contribute to improved competencies of graduates in relation to the health needs of society and the multiple realities of the South African health system. PRR1-10.2196/52243.

Knowledge, Attitude and Acceptance among Undergraduate Students in Faculty of Health Science (FSK) and Faculty of Islamic Studies (FPI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Towards Covid-19 Vaccines

Knowledge, Attitude and Acceptance among Undergraduate Students in Faculty of Health Science (FSK) and Faculty of Islamic Studies (FPI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Towards Covid-19 Vaccines

Physiotherapy-rehabilitation, and nursing students’ complementary therapy attitudes and level of use

BackgroundThe World Health Organization and the Ministry of Health care about traditional and complementary medicine practices. Evaluating the attitudes of physiotherapy-rehabilitation students and nursing students toward conventional and complementary practices holds significant importance in healthcare education and practice. However, it is worth noting that a limited body of research focuses explicitly on these student groups. MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted with 446 students in the departments of physiotherapy-rehabilitation and nursing in a university's faculty of health sciences. The data were collected using the Complementary, Alternative, and Conventional Medicine Attitude Scale (CACMAS) and the Complementary and Alternative Medicine Approaches Scale (CAMAS). The analyses used percentages, averages, standard deviation, Student's t, Mann-Whitney U, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis analysis, the Scheffe post hoc test, and Pearson correlation. Results95.5 % of the students did not use complementary therapy previously; the education process of 89.7 % did not cover complementary treatment; 73.3 % stated that complementary therapy education should be given at schools; 74.2 % wanted to use complementary therapy. However, 94.2 % reported that the Ministry of Health did not know about complementary therapy regulations. The average total score was 25.44 ± 8.953 for the Complementary and Alternative Medicine Approaches Scale and 111.29 ± 16.092 for the Complementary, Alternative, and Conventional Medicine Attitude Scale. ConclusionThe students believed conventional and complementary therapy methods should be used for patients, and they expressed a keen interest in their professional practice after graduation.

Implementasi Kebijakan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok (KTR) di Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan dan Kesehatan Universitas Negeri Makassar

The implementation of the No Smoking Area is important in the campus environment because the campus is one of the places that should implement the No Smoking Area. In addition, the campus is a place of learning, where people in it are not only people who smoke, but there are also many passive smokers. Student smoking behavior that is carried out every day inside and outside the lecture hall causes the prevalence of cigarette smoke in the campus environment. With several reasons, there are many male students who smoke. This study aims to determine the implementation of the KTR policy by academics within the scope of the Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Makassar State University. This research uses a qualitative study design with data collection methods in this study, namely interviews and participatory observation. The results of this study, namely the implementation of academics regarding communication, resources, bureaucratic structure, and disposition towards KTR policies in the FIKK UNM environment become an obstacle to the enforcement of policy compliance. The conclusion of the results of interviews with observations of research variables in the campus environment is not in line in its implementation. It is recommended to the Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences UNM to increase compliance with KTR policies in the campus environment by increasing communication variables, disposition, resources and bureaucratic structures so that it will reduce the prevalence of smoking rates in the campus environment.

Understanding and Application of Antibiotics: Analysis among Students of Health Science in Sarajevo with an Emphasis on Gender Distribution

Antibiotics are medications that inhibit bacterial growth and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections, both gram-positive and gram-negative. Antibiotics also represent products of metabolism of certain microorganisms that adversely affect the development and reproduction of other microorganisms. They are one of the greatest discoveries of modern medicine; however, in today's age, the greatest challenge is the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics. There are numerous reasons for the emergence of antibiotic resistance. One reason lies in inadequate education about antibiotics, their application, and usage. The aim of this study was to survey students of the University of Sarajevo's Faculty of Health Sciences about their general knowledge of antibiotics and their methods of application. A total of 151 students participated in this study, including 125 females (83%) and 26 males (17%). The questions consisted of two parts: the first part covered general knowledge about antibiotics, while the second part addressed bacterial resistance to antibiotics.

Cardiovascular disease risk factors and infertility: multivariable analyses and one-sample Mendelian randomization analyses in the Trøndelag Health Study.

Are cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors causally associated with higher risk of infertility among women and men? We found evidence to support a causal relationship between smoking initiation and history of infertility in women. Several CVD risk factors are associated with history of infertility. Previous studies using Mendelian randomization (MR) further support a causal relationship between BMI and infertility in women. We used data from the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) in Norway, a prospective population-based cohort study, including 26811 women and 15598 men participating in three survey collections in 1995-1997 (HUNT2), 2006-2008 (HUNT3), and 2017-2019 (HUNT4). Our outcome was women's self-reported history of infertility, defined as ever having tried to conceive for 12 months or more or having used ART. We assigned the history of infertility reported by women to their male partners; therefore, the measure of infertility was on the couple level. We used both conventional multivariable analyses and one-sample MR analyses to evaluate the association between female and male CVD risk factors (including BMI, blood pressure, lipid profile measurements, and smoking behaviours) and history of infertility in women and men, separately. A total of 4702 women (18%) and 2508 men (16%) were classified with a history of infertility. We found a higher risk of infertility among female smokers compared to non-smokers in both multivariable and MR analyses (odds ratio (OR) in multivariable analysis, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.12-1.28; OR in MR analysis, 1.13; CI, 1.02-1.26), and potentially for higher BMI (OR in multivariable analysis, 1.13; CI, 1.09-1.18; OR in MR analysis, 1.11, CI, 0.92-1.34). In multivariable analysis in women, we also found evidence of associations between triglyceride levels, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lifetime smoking index, and smoking intensity with higher risk of infertility. However, these results were not consistent in MR analyses. We found no robust or consistent associations between male CVD risk factors and infertility. Our main limitation was that the CVD risk factors measured might not adequately capture the relevant time periods for when couples were trying to conceive. Additionally, we did not have information on causes of infertility in either women or men. Women with infertility could have a worse CVD risk factor profile and thus public health interventions aimed at reducing the impact of some CVD risk factors, such as smoking and BMI, could reduce the burden of infertility. However, additional MR studies of the relationship between CVD risk factors and infertility with a larger sample size would be of value. The study was supported by a grant from the European Research Council under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreements no. 947684). This research was also supported by the Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence funding scheme (project no. 262700) and partly funded by the Research Council of Norway, project: Women's fertility-an essential component of health and well-being (project no. 320656). D.A.L. and A.F. work in a unit that is supported by the University of Bristol and the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00011/6). D.A.L.'s contribution to the article is supported by the European Research Council (101021566), the British Heart Foundation (CH/F/20/90003 and AA/18/7/34219). S.B.'s contribution to the article is supported by the Wellcome Trust (225790/Z/22/Z). B.M.B. is funded by The Liaison Committee for education, research and innovation in Central Norway; and the Joint Research Committee between St. Olavs Hospital and the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU. The genotyping in HUNT was financed by the National Institute of Health (NIH); University of Michigan; The Research Council of Norway; The Liaison Committee for education, research and innovation in Central Norway; and the Joint Research Committee between St. Olavs Hospital and the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU. None of the funding organizations influenced the study design, reporting, or interpretation of results. The views expressed in the present article are those of the authors and not necessarily any acknowledged funding organization. D.A.L. reports grants from Medtronic Ltd and Roche Diagnostics outside the submitted work. The other authors have no conflicts of interest. N/A.

Education about Planetary Health and Sustainable Healthcare in low- and middle-income countries: Planetary Health Report Card assessment of perceptions at University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences

Background. The Planetary Health Report Card (PHRC) was developed by medical students in the USA as a metric-based scorecard and institutional advocacy tool for planetary health (PH), with respect to five categories: Curriculum, Community Engagement, Student Leadership, Research, and Campus Sustainability. The PHRC has expanded into a global initiative, although its use by faculties in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) has been very limited. Objectives. To assess perceptions at the Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) of the University of Cape Town (UCT) about PH and sustainable healthcare (SH); and perceptions of the barriers and opportunities for integrating PH and SH into curricula in the UCT FHS. Methods. A PHRC was completed for the UCT FHS by means of interviews with key educators. Interview summaries, and scored report cards (where applicable), were shared for validity checking before compilation of the UCT FHS summary report. Results. Thirty-nine interviews were conducted, 31 of them with key educators representing nine academic departments. Twenty- three graded report cards were completed with those engaged in PH and SH activities. The PHRC category scores ranged from a grade of D minus (20%) for Student Leadership to a C grade for Curriculum (54%), with an overall grade of C minus (42%). Education about PH and SH in the UCT FHS is seen as increasingly important yet insufficient. Curriculum overload, “siloed” learning, and poor understanding among educators were perceived as key barriers. PH and SH were proposed as cross- cutting curricular themes for all health sciences disciplines in the UCT FHS. More community engagement, student leadership development, collaborative research, and campus sustainability interventions were recommended in the other PHRC categories. Conclusion. The PHRC provides a baseline assessment of PH and SH in a faculty of health sciences in a LMIC contributing towards greater environmental accountability. It should be repeated regularly at the UCT FHS to measure and evaluate progress in integrating PH and SH into transformed curricula, engagement with the communities it serves, development of student leadership, in ch, and campus sustainability.

Evaluation of Achievement Development Management of Bhayangkara Precision Football Club

Evaluation of Bhayangkara Presisi Football Club Achievement Development Management. Thesis. Yogyakarta: Masters Program, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, Yogyakarta State University, 2024. The aim of this research is to find out the evaluation of the Bhayangkara Presisi Football Club's achievement development program, examining it from the context, input, Process and Product (CIPP) aspects as well as finding out whether the achievement development program that has been running at the Bhayangkara Presisi Football Club has been managed optimally. This research is a type of quantitative and qualitative research with the CIPP evaluation model. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique to obtain a sample of three program administrators, three coaches and six players. Evaluation uses quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data collection uses research instruments in the form of observation, questionnaires, interviews and documentation. The results of the research, namely, Context evaluation of Bhayangkara Presisi FC's achievement coaching management, amounted to 2.91, which is in the good category. Based on the background indicators of the coaching program, it is 3.09 in the good category, the coaching program objectives are 2.60 in the good category, and the coaching program is 3.03 in the good category. The evaluation input for Bhayangkara Presisi FC's achievement coaching management, amounting to 2.75, is in the good category. Based on the human resources indicator, it is 3.07 in the good category, the trainer program is 3.05 in the good category, funding is 2.66 in the good category, facilities and infrastructure is 2.66 in the good category, and parental support is 2.29 in the poor category. Bhayangkara Presisi FC's achievement management evaluation process, amounting to 2.83, is in the good category. Based on the program implementation indicator, it is 3.06 in the good category, and coordination is 2.83 in the good category. Bhayangkara Presisi FC's performance management management evaluation product, amounting to 3.27, is in the good category. Based on the achievement indicator of 3.33 in the good category and welfare of 3.20 in the good category.

Resilience as a Modulating Factor of Empathy in Medical Students

Resilience as a Modulating Factor of Empathy in Medical Students

Is there a relationship between nursing students' perceptions of dishonesty and attitudes towards medical errors?

BackgroundUnderstanding nursing students' perceptions of dishonesty and their attitudes towards medical errors is crucial for nurse educators. ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the relationship between nursing students' perceptions of dishonesty and their attitudes towards medical errors. DesignThis study is descriptive and correlational research. The sample size consisted of 230 nursing students in a Department of Nursing at Kırşehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of Health Sciences in Turkey during the 2022–2023 academic year. The data was collected between May 15–31, 2023. ResultsA statistically significant correlation was observed between the total score of the Nursing Student Perceptions of Dishonesty Scale, and the Medical Errors Attitude Scale (p < 0.05). There was a positive and weak correlation between the MEAS scale score and the cheating (r = 0.284, p < 0.05), sabotage (r = 0.275, p < 0.05), perjury (r = 0.308, p < 0.05), non-compliance (r = 0.309, p < 0.05), and stealing (r = 0.359, p < 0.05) sub dimension score, and a positive and very weak correlation between the MEAS score and the sub dimension of not my problem score (r = 0.182, p < 0.05). The perceptions of dishonesty explain 15 % of the attitude towards medical errors (F = 4.563, p < 0.001). ConclusionsIn this study, a significant relationship was observed between nursing students' perceptions of dishonesty and their attitudes towards medical errors. Specifically, as the perception of dishonesty increased, there was a positive change in attitudes towards medical errors. These results offer nurse educators valuable insights into the impact of academic dishonesty on the development of medical error attitudes among student nurses throughout their nursing education and beyond.

Supporting scholarly educators and SoTL at a health sciences institution: Lessons learned from a teaching and learning center

AbstractThis chapter describes a teaching and learning center's efforts to support the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) work of health science faculty. Recommendations and lessons learned are shared.

Comparison of Fetal Crown-Rump Length Measurements between Thawed and Fresh Embryo Transfer.

Background and Objectives: Neonates born from thawed embryo transfers tend to have a significantly higher birthweight compared to those from fresh embryo transfers. The aim of this study was to compare the crown-rump length (CRL) between thawed and fresh embryos to investigate the potential causes of different growth patterns between them. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study (July 2010-December 2023) conducted at the Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. In total, 3082 assisted reproductive technology (ART) pregnancies (4044 embryos) underwent a routine scan at 11+0-13+6 gestational weeks and were included in the study. Maternal age, the type of embryo transfer (thawed vs. fresh, donor vs. their own oocytes), CRL, twin and singleton gestations were analyzed. Results: The mean maternal age in thawed was significantly higher than in fresh embryos (39.8 vs. 35.8 years, p-value < 0.001). The mean CRL z-score was significantly higher in thawed compared to fresh embryo transfers (0.309 vs. 0.199, p-value < 0.001). A subgroup analysis on singleton gestations showed that the mean CRL z-score was higher in thawed blastocysts compared to fresh (0.327 vs. 0.215, p-value < 0.001). Accordingly, an analysis on twins revealed that the mean CRL z-score was higher in thawed blastocysts (0.285 vs. 0.184, p-value: 0.015) and in oocytes' recipients compared to own oocytes' cases (0.431 vs. 0.191, p-value: 0.002). Conclusions: The difference in CRL measurements between thawed and fresh embryos may be a first indication of the subsequent difference in sonographically estimated fetal weight and birthweight. This finding highlights the need for additional research into the underlying causes, including maternal factors and the culture media used.

Investigation of Metaverse Knowledge Attitude and Awareness Levels of Students Studying in the Faculty of Health Sciences of a University According to Variables

Purpose: This study was conducted as a descriptive study to investigation of metaverse knowledge, attitude and awareness levels of health sciences students according to variables. Methods: The research was completed with a total of 334 students who agreed to participate in the research between April and May 2023 at the Faculty of Health Sciences of a University in a metropolitan city in Turkey. Introductory Characteristics Form and Metaverse Scale were used for data collection. Results: Metaverse total score average of the students was 48.5±12.45, and the mean scores of sub-dimensions were respectively; Technology Dimension is 22.8±6.04, Digitization Dimension is 8.8±3.48, Life Dimension is 10.3±3.27, Social Dimension is 6.6±2.34. It was found that Metaverse knowledge, attitude and awareness levels of the students who were married, living in a dormitory, having a high income level, studying in the 4th grade, studying in the department of nursing and audiology, having heard the concept of metaverse before, experienced virtual reality, and defined their internet usage skills as high (p