True Facts Research Articles

The Offensiveness Torts

Abstract Three established torts require the defendant’s behavior to be “offensive” or “highly offensive” in order to be actionable: offensive battery, public disclosure of true private facts, and intrusion on seclusion. Although what links these “offensiveness” torts together has not been recognized before, this Article demonstrates that they occupy a sub-category of tort liability that is coherent, insight-generating, and useful. The torts developed at different times and in a sense for different reasons, but all three rest on the same principle: the idea that individual autonomy involves not only inviolable bodily space, but also inviolable private and informational space. What counts as actionable wrongdoing for these torts depends on the cultural context, because what is considered offensive conduct may vary, as cultural conditions change. The typical victim (or observer) of one of these torts must plausibly have the reaction “How dare you?” for the offensiveness element of the tort to be satisfied. That is what links these three superficially disparate torts together, and warrants understanding them together, as protections against invasions of the different forms of inviolable space that are a core feature of every individual’s autonomy.

A Conceptual Study on Digital Transformation & its Applications: An Overview

This paper describes the emergence of digital transformation in recent years and specially during pandemic COVID-19, has made business processes very simple and easy to connect with people all over the globe due to its unprecedented speed and worldwide connectivity. Digitalization is the use of digital technologies to bring forth changes in business processes, strategies & business models by providing opportunities and new avenues to employers, employees, customers and society as a whole. The evolution of digital technology &digital transformation has made organizations and industries to re-think and re-imagine the use of technology in a better and wider manner including social media platforms and processes to create new business models and new forms of revenue. This paper has highlighted on digital transformation concept & its urgent need in organizations in present scenario. This paper has described technology as a key driver to seek opportunities to digitalize organizational operations to be more ready and prompt to face digital challenges. Creating a digital culture is considered as the single most important task for organizations. This paper also aims to present a deeper insight on digital transformation, digital technology and digitalization of various industries along with its applications. The research paper is exploratory, descriptive and analytical in nature. Data collection is based on primary & secondary data sources. The Primary data has been collected from observation methods and interview techniques. The observation method, and telephonic interviews were conducted from employers, employees and few people Delhi based. The secondary data is collected from existing research articles, journals, e-books publications and other sources. This is a conceptual paper based on true facts and has tried to give a crystal-clear picture on digital transformation issue.

Cultura y territorialidad: nuevos enfoques para entender el fenómeno de las fake news en América Latina

The main objective of this article is to analyze the relationship between the production and dissemination of fake news in the pandemic and its relationship with the territorial features of Latin America. "Fake news" is information that is deliberately fabricated, distorted or misleading with the intention of being presented as true or questioning facts on some topic, and can appear in different forms, including news articles, videos, images, posts on social networks and other media. With regard to Latin American countries, the phenomenon of the international reach of these fakenews can be observed. Territoriality plays a role in shaping the identity of the specificities of the ways of life of the individuals or groups that live there, with factors being directly impacted, as was the case with the Covid-19 pandemic. It is therefore hoped that this study will contribute to the debate involving both the disease caused by the Sars-Cov-2 virus and, above all, the direct relationship between the production and dissemination of fake news during the pandemic period in Latin America.

The question of truth: how facts, space and time shape conversations in IR

Truth is as regularly invoked in International Relations (IR) as it is contested. Due to increased plurality, truth is no longer taken for granted, with some suggesting that relativism is on its way. At the same time, despite uncertainty as to the meaning of truth, research and factual verification persists, as findings remain hotly debated in IR, sometimes leading to entrenched, almost irreconcilable debates among scholars. This essay suggests that one way in which to bridge truth claims in the face of potential, albeit unwarranted, relativism is to distinguish between meaningful and factual truth. Factual truth is about assessing whether (raw) data qualifies as data at all, while meaningful truth – upon which most debates in IR are based – grounds our interpretation; it reveals reality’s various facets according to specific spatial and temporal concepts. Viewing conversations in IR as concerned with meaningful as opposed to factual truth allows scholars to lay relativism to rest. The essay also claims that conversations that confuse meaningfulness for factual verification – as in the debates between liberal institutionalists and structural realists in the 1990s – lead to scholarly entrenchment with no resolution in sight. Distinct temporal and spatial assumptions are often incompatible. As a result, such meaningful conversations are less about factual verifiability than about containing reification and enlarging the perspectives with which to exercise political judgement.

Prolegomena to the Study of Love

Consider this propositional function which includes the dyadic predicate “loves”: “X does not love Y unless Y loves X” (or “if Y does not love X”). This function may be treated in four ways. (1) If universally quantified, it states a (purported) conceptual truth about “love” or the nature or essence of love. Love is necessarily reciprocal. (2) If universally quantified, it may alternatively be a nomological generalization stating an empirical or factual truth about human nature, i.e., about a pattern of reciprocity that occurs among people who are independently identified as lovers. (3) If instantiated with constants, it is an empirical proposition about the attitudes or behaviors of particular individuals (a, b, c). Finally, (4) the function may be treated axiologically; it expresses a normative judgment about what love ought to be or what lovers ought to feel or do. Other propositional functions may be constructed for the constancy, exclusivity, and benevolence of love. This essay investigates the implications of these understandings of the function and how they are logically related to each other.

Quo Vadis Justice Collaborator dalam Sistem Hukum Pidana Formil

The emergence of the term whistleblower and justice collaborator in law enforcement processes in Indonesia provides a new atmosphere, where someone who knows or is involved in the occurrence of a crime can assist law enforcement officials in uncovering true facts, for which reason the law rewards them. in the form of leniency in sentencing to the witnesses of the cooperating perpetrators. Departing from these facts, the questions in this research are (1) Institutions authorized to make someone involved in a crime a justice collaborator, (2) obtaining status as a justice collaborator. The method used in this research is normative legal research with the statute approach, case approach, and conceptual approach. The purpose of this research is to find out which institutions/agencies can make a person a justice collaborator in uncovering the occurrence of a crime.

Awareness of Investment Promotion for the Start-ups Eco-system: A Study on Odisha

When a company is in its early stage in business sector then they need investments to group or funding source. Want to start a business then funding is very important. That’s when we come across the word investment promotion agencies or investment promotion. The purpose of this study is to understand the need of investment promotion for Start-ups and whether it is necessary or not. This study specially targets start-up businesses, and this report shall point out the need, importance and awareness of investment promotion and investment promotion agencies. Using the data gathered from questionnaire and the information available on internet, we shall answer how the need of investment promotion and its agencies will be helpful for start-ups. The survey conducted was limited to specific area to attain the true and fair view or facts. Overall, the report shall present a new approach to the people or start-ups about the need, importance, and awareness of investment promotion and investment promotion agencies.

Inclusive Universalism as a Normative Principle of Education

AbstractIn recent years we have seen a newfound engagement with Jürgen Habermas's work in philosophy of education, focusing on his conception of argumentative dialogue, or discourse, as the origin of both truth‐related epistemic judgments and justifications of moral norms that claim rightness rather than truth. In this article, Krassimir Stojanov first reconstructs the way in which Habermas determines the relation between truth and rightness, and he then shows that moral rightness functions as a “truth‐analogue” since moral norms, like true facts, transcend the actual and local practices of their justification. In the case of moral rightness, this transcendence occurs as an infinite process of inclusion of the perspectives and interests of all potentially concerned persons — also (and foremost) the perspectives and interests of those who are strange to each other in their respective values, worldviews, and interests. With this account of “truth‐analogue” moral rightness, Habermas conceptualizes a kind of processual and “difference‐sensible” universalism, which is very different from the substantialist universalism of some traditional conceptions of education, or Bildung. In the final section, Stojanov shows why including children in their otherness as children in the discursive process of production of moral knowledge, and thus treating them with a kind of epistemic respect, is a constitutive condition for that process. The demand for the discursive inclusion of children follows from the discourse ethics approach, but it requires an enlargement and some corrections of that approach.

A Corpus-based Study of Stance Adverbs in TED Scientific Talks

As an important part of interpersonal communication, stance adverbs are used to express the speakers’ opinions, attitudes and style of delivery. However, stance adverbs in spoken registers have not received enough attention. This study analyzed the stance adverbs in TED scientific talks, with a particular focus on the most common certainty stance adverb really. This research is based on a self-built corpus composed of 80 TED talks in science and technology categories from 2017 to 2022, with a total number of 161,523 words. The findings indicated that epistemic stance adverbs, particularly certainty adverbs, were the most frequently employed category. The results also revealed that speakers of TED scientific talks tended to adopt really in the medial position in the clause. Meanwhile, really was mainly used to emphasize and express factual truth. The purpose of this study is to complement the existing research on stance adverbs in the spoken registers and provide suggestions for public speaking in academic discourse.

Cultivation Strategy of Scientific Spirit

Scientific spirit has a significance for scientific development, the scientific spirit is an important factor of scientific and technological progress. By analyzing the present situation of scientific spirit, this paper puts forward the cultivation strategy of scientific spirit. So as to explore knowledge, seek factual truth, innovate and progress, unite and cooperate, free compete and dedicate. First, the paper described the concept and significance of scientific spirit. And then, the present situation of scientific spirit is introduced through education, research and communication. Finally, scientific spirit is cultivated through four aspects: seeking knowledge spirit, dedication spirit, innovation spirit, and realistic spirit.

Cues to Deception in Islamic Websites Text and Design

Deception is not always a lie, but sometimes a factual truth deliberately misleads. The deception continues to grow with the proliferation of the growth of the internet and reliance on internet information to make decisions. Thus, the absence of a deception judgment for websites will make users believe false and deceiving information which poses a serious problem, and there is still little scholarly work on this issue. Hence, the purpose is to investigate the distribution of cues to deception in real websites. A case study approach was carried out using content analysis. The cues were tested against some websites, and the context for the case study is the Prophet Muhammad’s biography. As a result, a list of cues was generated and grouped into nine heuristics; five heuristics related to text, and four heuristics related to design. Under each of these developed heuristics are lists of cues. The analysis from the case study confirmed the existence of the cues and enriched and improved the heuristics with more new cues

The Political Uses of History

The study of history enables us to explore the ways in which prevailing relations of power are asserted, imposed, challenged, and modified (if not entirely displaced). This, in turn, lets us think the relationship of past, present, and future as a problem to explore, and not as a fixed set of factual truths, moving in a singular, ever improving, continuous line of development. I want to use my definition of history – as the study of contested relations of power – to examine the ways in which, in our current moment, “history” functions rhetorically for political ends. Interestingly, although there are different meanings of “history” at play, they all rely on variations of what I have termed the conventional disciplinary approach. An exploration of the popular uses of this conception of history reveals (among other things) the extent to which politics is inseparable from the workings of the discipline itself.

Удивительная Скифия Гая Юлия Солина

The lost ethno-geographic information of Hellenistic tradition and of the earlier one on the northern Black Sea and neighboring territories are partially preserved due to the compilations emerged in the epoque of the Roman Empire. Thus, “Collectanea rerum memorabilium”, the work by Gaius Julius Solinus, (the 3rd cent.), despite its “secondary” information, is a promising source for the researchers of the northern Black Sea’s ethno-geography. The article discusses Solinus’s information on peoples and tribes dwelling in the region of the northern Black Sea in antiquity, as well as other descriptions (mostly concerning hydronyms, local fauna and customs and the mode of life of Scythian tribes) drawing attention to the features of Solinus’s world picture. Solinus’s compilation’s chief sources were works by Pomponius Mela and Pliny the Elder. Exposing their texts, Solinus used rhetorical techniques and added paradoxography’s excursions to his predecessors’ information, i.e., inserted unusual facts and curious natural phenomena. Obviously, such a description should have made Solinus’s ethno-geographical stuff more attractive to ancient readers and contribute to “a popularization” of the science of ancient oikoumene, i.e., serve didactic targets. If mirabilia in ancient literature are used from the early times, “the miraculous examples” in the work by Solinus are put to the forefront. So, one can speak of his proximity to the literature of ancient paradoxographers. Conventional requirements of sophistics do not exclude the use of Solinus’s work as a historical source containing true facts and details, which not only remove complications in understanding of Solinus’s ethno-geographic map, but also add some evidence of history and culture of the northern Black Sea region in antiquity.

Relatar, con la intención de retratar un evento educativo y deportivo

Telling contains the meaning of enumerating considerations with reference to true or fictitious facts. In addition to establishing a relationship with what matters or is of interest and is manifested as a quality. For this reason, this story focuses on the III School Olympics of the public school held at the CEIP Reyes Católicos in Cádiz. A playful experience that taught as well as established learning and made the educational community more meaningful in its socio-playful projection. The value of organising an event of such characteristics and keeping in mind the responsibility of putting it into operation from the Parents' Association of the Centre is highlighted.

Impact of Branding on Consumer Buying Behaviour: A Case Study on Cosmetic Industry

Product based companies need to come up with strategies to market their product and the concept of branding is one of them. If we are talking about branding, then cosmetics industry is a huge platform where brands can influence consumer buying behaviour. The purpose of this study is to crystallize the effect of branding on consumer buying behaviour. This study specially targets those who are into cosmetic or beauty world. This report shall point out the brand, brand image, brand loyalty, and consumer behaviour with respect to changes if anything influence them. Using the data gathered from the questionnaires and given data on the internet we shall answer how branding can be related to consumer buying behaviour in beauty world. The survey conducted was limited to specifics to attain the true and fair view or facts

Illusions of Sovereignty: Understanding Populist Crowds with Hannah Arendt

AbstractThis article reconstructs Hannah Arendt's theoretical arguments in relation to current authoritarian-populist crowds, which can be understood as organized mobs of the twenty-first century. Drawn from all classes and originating in societal and political disenfranchisement, in Arendt's understanding they are rebellious nihilists who falsely believe they represent the people as a whole while they exclude any citizens who do not share their tribal nationalism and leader worshiping. Illuminating conditions of their emergence, Arendt also helps to elucidate what drives the populist crowds’ illusions about an uncompromising “sovereign will” they and their leaders claim to embody. Such illusions benefit from broader modern trends eroding differences between facts, opinion, truth, and lies. In public environments suffering from destabilized factual truths, organized lies can easily fill a political vacuum generated by crises of political modernity. Unpacking interrelated theoretical trajectories, it is argued that an Arendtian framework can significantly contribute to the study of present-day authoritarian populism.

Television News in Times of Elections: A Case Study of Sri Lanka

Electronic Media executes a crucial and major role in the elections. Through various studies, it has been ascertained that the degree to which the electronic media follows the guidance for accuracy, impartiality, and balance and the code of professional practice in covering the process of election, will directly affect the results of the outcomes of elections. The study has explored the degree to which the television stations of Sri Lanka abided by professional ethics in covering the elections and the behavior they exhibited during the period of elections. For this purpose, an analysis was done on the contents of news and current affairs programs of television stations during the local government election held in 2018. The study suggested that television stations disregard the code of professional ethics in covering the election by being partial to certain political parties and they include the news with the intention of promoting such political parties. It could also be ascertained that instead of reporting the factual truth, the television stations build up conclusive narratives according to a political agenda in covering the news and current affairs on the election. The study suggests there is a need for the application of the theory of news professionalism and the fairness doctrine during elections. Further, it highlights the need for laws and regulations and an independent electronic media authority that oversees the application of the fairness doctrine and media professionalism during elections and by extension, the strengthening of democracy in Sri Lanka.

Флибустьеры и рукописное наследие М.А. Булгакова

The article describes the recently discovered Mikhail Bulgakov’s inscription and debates with the researchers who tend to interpret the inscription as the writer’s genuine manuscript marked with the syntactic and lexical features characteristic of his style. The alleged autograph presents an inscription addressed to the writer Vikenty Veresaev on the Mikhail Meisel’s book “A Brief Outline of Modern Russian Literature” (1931). Offering his own point of view on the inscription, the author compares the text of the manuscript with the true facts of Vladimir Meisel’s biography, who is presented in this inscription in the image of a filibuster. The article analyzes the legitimacy of the use of maritime vocabulary, gives examples of its use in the novel The Master and Margarita, thus proving that there is no reason to associate Mikhail Maisel with the image of the filibuster. The study of Mikhail Bulgakov’s epistolary suggests that we are dealing with the processing of Bulgakov’s letter, in which the image of Vsevolod Vishnevsky is drawn using maritime vocabulary. The latter seems logical being confirmed by the facts of Vishnevsky’s biography. Since the vocabulary refers to a completely different person and has Bulgakov’s original manuscript as its source, it can be concluded that the newly found autograph is a literary hoax created using the original texts of Mikhail Bulgakov. This particular example demonstrates the effectiveness of philological methods for recognizing falsified manuscripts of the classics of Russian literature — a problem of textual criticism which remains salient.

Шахрайство і помилки за результатами аудиторських перевірок: причини їх виникнення і можливі наслідки

Introduction. Detection of errors, assumption of fraud facts, proof of distorted information and hidden true facts are among the objects of the auditor's research in the process of audit activity. Problem Statement. To date, the structure of fraud, classification, types of errors, and their dynamics have not been fully investigated; there is no clear structuring of the causes of fraud and errors; the trend of their change has not been fully analyzed. Purpose. To improve the categorical apparatus; to investigate and analyze the causes of their occurrence, possible consequences; conduct an analysis of the general trend of changes in the number of proven fraud facts by judicial authorities. Materials and Methods. In the research process, the following were used: actual data from audits; results of the National Development and Reform Commission of the Department of Accounting and Taxation of KKIBP. Methods used: generalization, systematization, comparison, critical analysis, grouping, evaluation, trend analysis. Results. The results of research on the nature of fraud and error are highlighted. The analysis of their structure, causes and possible consequences was conducted. Improved categorical apparatus: “fraud”, “error”. Analyzed trend changes fraud. Formed groups fraud . The results of research into the nature of the occurrence of fraud and errors are highlighted. An analysis of their structure, causes and possible consequences was carried out. The categorical apparatus of the concepts "fraud", "error" has been improved. The trend of changing fraud was analyzed. His groups have been formed. Conclusion. The grouping of fraud proposed by the authors will make it possible to identify new criteria for distinguishing (detecting) and classifying fraud, thereby improving management decision-making, which will provide a greater probability of knowing the object, and the identified causes of fraud during the audit will determine the selection of criteria for its classification. Based on the actual data of the State Statistical Service of Ukraine, the trend of decreasing the number of fraud cases has been proven. The classification of fraud and errors has, first of all, scientifically based and practical significance, which allows to build a clear system of knowledge about the latter as an object of research and to form the correct system of their detection and management.

MAZHAB FIQIH PADA ZAMAN SEKARANG

There are two fanatical attitudes that develop in Islamic society, namely fanatics within a school and anti-school fanatics. Attitudes and conditions like this have led to disputes and divisions within the body of the Muslims. In fact, not infrequently differences in furu' (branches) issues can trigger fights and bloodshed among fellow Muslims. It is at this point that the issue of schools of thought in Islamic law becomes important for further investigation. The history of the emergence of schools of fiqh occurred in five periods: The growth period (0-1 H century), namely during the time of the Prophet, during the companions and during the tabiin period. The formation period (2-3 H centuries) was the Imam Abu Hanifah School, the Imam Malik School, the Imam Syafii School, the Imam Ahmad School and other schools. The golden period (3-9 H century). Decline period (10th – 13th century H). And the period of revival (14th Century Present). It turns out that practicing madzhab for other than absolute mujtahid is obligatory according to ushul fiqh scholars. And inviting people to leave the schools of thought on the grounds of returning to the Al-Qur'an and al-Sunnah is a futile effort. Schools should be understood as a scientific discipline (manhaj) for us to understand the Qur'an and al-Sunnah. Therefore, the existence of a school of thought in the contemporary era is still needed to harmonize the factual truths of the Qur'an and as-Sunnah.