Industrial Factories Research Articles

Direct measurements of CO2 capture are essential to assess the technical and economic potential of algal-CCUS

Power stations and industrial factories contribute a significant fraction of total anthropogenic CO2 emissions, which need to be mitigated to reduce their effect on the climate. Commercially available methods of CCUS (Carbon capture and utilisation or storage) rely on toxic chemicals for the capture processes as well as the long-term storage of CO2 gas. The use of photosynthetic microalgae for CCUS offers the potential for a sustainable capture system, which can both reduce emissions and produce renewable products. Previous studies have focused largely on the products (particularly biofuels) from microalgae, rather than their ability to capture CO2. In this study, Chlorella sp. was cultivated with CO2 concentrations similar to those present in power-station flue gases. 5 % CO2 was found to be the optimal concentration for growth of the microalgae. The CO2 removal efficiency of the cultures was then monitored in real-time with a nondispersive infrared sensor. The average CO2 removal efficiency was 17.5 % over 14 days, considerably higher than results reported within the literature which do not use a direct real-time monitoring system. A techno-economic assessment of algal-CCUS was performed using the experimental results and a range of different financial and operational scenarios. The assessment highlights that whilst microalgal CCUS is currently not competitive, it has potential to become so with advances in strain CO2 removal efficiency. This, alongside the reduction of capital expenditure and increasing government incentives for reducing emissions will make algal-carbon capture economically feasible.

Health risk assessment and development of human health ambient water quality criteria for PBDEs in China

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are not only a class of highly efficient brominated flame retardants (BFRs) but also a class of typical persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that are persistent and widely distributed in various environmental media. This study examined the concentrations of PBDEs in five environmental media (water, soil, air, dust, and food) and two human body media (human milk and blood) in China from 2010 to 2020. In addition, this study conducted multi-pathway exposure health risk assessments of populations of different ages in urban, rural, key regions, and industrial factories using the Monte-Carlo simulation. Finally, the human health ambient water quality criteria (AWQC) of eight PBDEs were derived using Chinese exposure parameters and bioaccumulation factors (BAFs). The results showed that the eastern and southeastern coastal regions of China were heavily polluted by PBDEs, and the variation trends of the ΣPBDEs concentrations in the different exposure media were not consistent. PBDEs did not pose a risk to urban and rural residents in ordinary regions, but the hazard indexes (HIs) for residents in key regions and occupational workers exceeded the safety threshold. Dust exposure was the primary exposure pathway for urban and rural residents in ordinary regions, but for residents in key regions and occupational workers, dietary exposure was the primary exposure pathway. BDE-209 was found to be the most serious individual PBDE congener in China. The following human health AWQC values of the PBDEs were derived: drinking water exposure: 0.233–65.2 μg·L−1; and drinking water and aquatic products exposure: 8.51 × 10−4–1.10 μg·L−1.

Harnessing the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of fungal secondary metabolites.

Fungal secondary metabolites (FSMs) represent a remarkable array of bioactive compounds, with potential applications as pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and agrochemicals. However, these molecules are typically produced only in limited amounts by their native hosts. The native organisms may also be difficult to cultivate and genetically engineer, and some can produce undesirable toxic side-products. Alternatively, recombinant production of fungal bioactives can be engineered into industrial cell factories, such as aspergilli or yeasts, which are well amenable for large-scale manufacturing in submerged fermentations. In this review, we summarize the development of baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce compounds derived from filamentous fungi and mushrooms. These compounds mainly include polyketides, terpenoids, and amino acid derivatives. We also describe how native biosynthetic pathways can be combined or expanded to produce novel derivatives and new-to-nature compounds. We describe some new approaches for cell factory engineering, such as genome-scale engineering, biosensor-based high-throughput screening, and machine learning, and how these tools have been applied for S. cerevisiae strain improvement. Finally, we prospect the challenges and solutions in further development of yeast cell factories to more efficiently produce FSMs.

Visual object detection for autonomous transport vehicles in smart factories

Autonomous transport vehicles (ATVs) are one of the most substantial components of smart factories of Industry 4.0. They are primarily considered to transfer the goods or perform some certain navigation tasks in the factory with self driving. The recent developments on computer vision studies allow the vehicles to visually perceive the environment and the objects in the environment. There are numerous applications especially for smart traffic networks in outdoor environments but there is lack of application and databases for autonomous transport vehicles in indoor industrial environments. There exist some essential safety and direction signs in smart factories and these signs have an important place in safety issues. Therefore, the detection of these signs by ATVs is crucial. In this study, a visual dataset which includes important indoor safety signs to simulate a factory environment is created. The dataset has been used to train different fast-responding popular deep learning object detection methods: faster R-CNN, YOLOv3, YOLOv4, SSD, and RetinaNet. These methods can be executed in real time to enhance the visual understanding of the ATV, which, in turn, helps the agent to navigate in a safe and reliable state in smart factories. The trained network models were compared in terms of accuracy on our created dataset, and YOLOv4 achieved the best performance among all the tested methods.

Seismic performance of frame‐bent structures subjected to near‐fault ground motions

Reinforced concrete frame-bent structures are one of the structural forms commonly used in industrial factory buildings. In order to study the seismic behaviour of frame-bent structures located near fault areas, eight pulse-like, eight non-pulse near-fault motions and eight far-fault ground motions have been selected in this paper. The finite element model of a reinforced concrete frame-bent structure was established to study seismic responses to near-fault and far-field ground motions. Numerical analysis results indicate that the maximum base shear of the structure under the action of near-fault ground motion was 5.10 times that of far-fault and 1.47 times that of non-pulsed near-fault ground motion; the maximum story drift angle under pulse-like near-fault ground motion was 3.8 times that of non-pulse and 19.7 times that of far-fault ground motion. Therefore, engineering designers should pay more attention to the seismic performance of frame-bent structures under the action of near-fault ground vibration.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in indoor dusts from industrial factories, offices, and houses in northern Vietnam: Contamination characteristics and human exposure.

Information about the occurrence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in indoor dusts from various industrial sectors in Southeast Asia is still scarce. In this study, concentrations and congener-specific profiles of PBDEs were determined in indoor dusts from industrial factories, offices, and houses in northern Vietnam. Levels of Σ8PBDEs were higher in the office dusts (median 270; range 230-300ng/g) and factory dusts (170; 89-510ng/g) than in the house dusts (61; 25-140ng/g). BDE-209 was the most dominant congener, accounting for 27-98% (average 62%) of Σ8PBDEs, suggesting the abundance of products treated with deca-BDE mixtures. Residential, commercial, and industrial activities in the studied locations of this survey were not significant sources of PBDEs as compared to those of informal waste processing activities in Vietnam. Relatively low PBDE concentrations detected in our dust samples partially reflect effectiveness of the global PBDE phase-out. Human exposure and health risk associated with dust-bound PBDEs were estimated, indicating acceptable levels of risk (i.e., neurobehavioral effects). The contributions of workplace dusts in total daily intake doses of PBDEs via dust ingestion were more important for local workers in informal recycling areas than factory workers and general population, raising the need of appropriate labor protection measures.

Reuse of waste sludge from water treatment plants and fly ash for manufacturing of adobe bricks

Reuse of sludge from a water treatment plant and fly ash for the manufacturing of adobe brick is a feasible approach for practical applications due to the numerous benefits from the cost savings of construction materials and the reduction of environmental pollution. In this study, sludge from a groundwater treatment plant and fly ash from a thermal power plant were used as alternative aggregates to replace clay, a traditional component for brick making. The main objective of this study is to produce adobe bricks by using hydraulic press technology. The optimum aggregate composition was investigated by determining the compressive strength according to Vietnam national standard TCVN 6355:1–2009. Other supplementary materials, including cement, liquid glass, and polypropylene fibers, were used as additives and adhesives. Results showed that a 2-hole brick product (8 × 4 × 8 cm) with strength M 4.0 satisfied the national quality standard, TCVN 6477–2016. In addition, the aggregate composition (wt%) as sludge: cement: fly ash: polypropylene fibers of 50 : 35: 15 : 0.5%/m3 aggregates was found to be the optimum ratio. This product shows a medium compressive strength that is appropriate in the construction of walls or fences in industrial factories or households. The results obtained in this study show a promising approach for the brick-making industry in Vietnam. A large amount of sludge can be reused as an alternative material to reduce the product price and achieve natural resource conservation.

Technical Performance and Economic Feasibility Simulation of 200kWP Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic On grid on Industrial Estate Factory Building with Helioscope Software

Renewable energy resources are currently being developed in Indonesia. The government is also targeting renewable energy mix of 23% to be achieved in 2025. Solar Photovoltaic Generation System is one of a form of renewable energy that is currently being developed in Indonesia. Several industrial estates in Indonesia are filled with factories with fairly large buildings and have great potential for the development of Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic with the advantage of reducing land investment costs and of course without reducing the functionality of factory operational. The purpose of this research is to simulate the technical and economic performance of Solar Photovoltaic on grid 200kWP installed on the roof of a factory building using Helioscope software in an industrial estate area in West Java. The simulation results show that the average value for Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) is 138.2 kWh/m2, Electrical Energy Production is 21,977 kWh, and the Performance Ratio (PR) in one year is 78.06. Meanwhile, the total annual Electrical Energy Production is 263,723.6 kWh. The total investment value of the Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic on Grid system in this factory building is Rp. 2,457,850,800. Based on the economic feasibility study made, it can be concluded that the Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic on Grid system with a power of 200 kWP in the factory building is economically feasible as long as the interest rate is less than 12.71% (Internal Rate of Return/ IRR).

Assessment of Pollution Sources and Contribution in Urban Dust Using Metal Concentrations and Multi-Isotope Ratios (13C, 207/206Pb) in a Complex Industrial Port Area, Korea

The metal concentrations and isotopic compositions (13C, 207/206Pb) of urban dust, topsoil, and PM10 samples were analyzed in a residential area near Donghae port, Korea, which is surrounded by various types of industrial factories and raw material stockpiled on empty land, to determine the contributions of the main pollution sources (i.e., Mn ore, Zn ore, cement, coal, coke, and topsoil). The metal concentrations of urban dust in the port and residential area were approximately 85~112 times higher (EF > 100) in comparison with the control area (EF < 2), especially the Mn and Zn ions, indicating they were mainly derived from anthropogenic source. These ions have been accumulating in urban dust for decades; furthermore, the concentration of PM10 is seven times higher than that of the control area, which means that contamination is even present. The isotopic (13C, 207/206Pb) values of the pollution sources were highly different, depending on the characteristics of each source: cement (−19.6‰, 0.8594‰), Zn ore (−24.3‰, 0.9175‰), coal (−23.6‰, 0.8369‰), coke (−27.0‰, 0.8739‰), Mn ore (−24.9‰, 0.9117‰), soil (−25.2‰, 0.7743‰). As a result of the evaluated contributions of pollution source on urban dust through the Iso-source and SIAR models using stable isotope ratios (13C, 207/206Pb), we found that the largest contribution of Mn (20.4%) and Zn (20.3%) ions are derived from industrial factories and ore stockpiles on empty land (Mn and Zn). It is suggested that there is a significant influence of dust scattered by wind from raw material stockpiles, which are stacked near ports or factories. Therefore, there is evidence to support the idea that port activities affect the air quality of residence areas in a city. Our results may indicate that metal concentrations and their stable isotope compositions can predict environmental changes and act as a powerful tool to trace the past and present pollution history in complex contexts associated with peri-urban regions.

The Incidence of Aplastic Anemia in Thailand: Experiences from a Nationwide Registry

Introduction: Aplastic anemia (AA) has been reported to be 2-3 fold more frequent in Asia than in Western countries. Among the Asian population, its incidence varies geographically, ranging from 3.0 to 8.2 per million. A population-based case-control study conducted in Thailand from 1989 to1994 indicated that the annual incidence of AA was 3.0-5.0 per million. The incidence of AA may vary also among populations and study time frame therefore we conducted a nationwide aplastic anemia registry in Thailand. This prospective study determined the present incidence of AA according to each part of Thailand and identified demographic characteristics including environmental exposure.Method: Newly diagnosed adult patients (≥15 years old) with AA were enrolled during the period from August 2014 to July 2016 in 32 participating hospitals across Thailand. Eligible patients were Thai citizens, newly diagnosed with hypocellular marrow plus at least two of the following hematologic parameters: anemia with corrected reticulocyte count ≤1%, absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≤1.5x109/L, platelet count ≤50x109/L. Severity was classified as non-severe AA (non-SAA), severe AA (SAA) and very severe AA (vSAA), based on the modified Camitta criteria except corrected reticulocyte count ≤1%. Baseline characteristics and demographic data including viral hepatitis infection and environmental exposure were collected. Incidence of AA was calculated based on catchment area in six regions countrywide.Results: A total of 346 patients were recruited in the registry. The patients' characteristics are shown in Table 1. One-hundred seventy nine patients (51.7%) were male, the median age was 59 years old (range 15 - 93). Among 346 patients, 59 patients (17.0%), 240 patients (69.4%) and 47 patients (13.6%) were non-SAA, SAA and vSAA, respectively. The overall incidence was 4.6 per million per year (5.0 in males and 4.3 in females). The incidence was higher with increasing age and the highest incidence was at 80-89 years (14.5 per million per year) (Figure 1). The highest incidence (6.3 per million per year) was observed in eastern region where industrial factories were populated, followed by northeastern (5.5) northern (3.8), western (3.8), southern (2.7), and central (2.7) regions (Figure 2). In comparison to a previous study published in 1999, the annual incidences per million in central (2.7 vs. 3.9) and southern (2.7 vs. 3.0) in this study were lower, whereas the incidence in northeastern region (5.5 vs. 5.0) was higher (Table 2). Seventy-four of 346 patients (21.4%) reported the environmental exposure within 6 months before diagnosis. Agricultural pesticides were the most commonly observed (17.3% of patients). This reported exposure was highest in patients who live in northeastern region (10.1%). In contrast, only 1.4% of eastern patients reported exposure to agricultural pesticides. Immunosuppressive therapy (IST) is more frequently used in SAA patients (62.8%) than vSAA (44.7%) whereas anabolic steroids are common used in non-SAA patients (83.0%). The main reasons for not receiving IST in SAA/vSAA were older age, poor health status and patient refusal.Conclusion: This is the first nationwide study of incidence of aplastic anemia in Thailand. The results demonstrate the high incidences of AA throughout Thailand, supporting a previous study. The observed incidence was highest in the eastern region where industrial factories are common. Whether environmental or occupational exposure is the risk factors for AA requires further investigation.This study was funded by sanofi-aventis (Thailand) Ltd. [Display omitted] DisclosuresWanachiwanawin:Sanofi: Honoraria.

تلفیق نقشهسازی آلودگی هوا در برنامهریزی کاربری اراضی نمونة پژوهش: شهرستان مبارکه

تلفیق نقشهسازی آلودگی هوا در برنامهریزی کاربری اراضی نمونة پژوهش: شهرستان مبارکه

Screening and evaluation of laccase produced by different Trichoderma species along with their phylogenetic relationship.

Laccases have high biotechnological potential in industries since they catalyze the oxidation of many chemical compounds. The production of laccases by fungi has been extensively studied due to their secretion of enzymes and rapid growth using cheap substrates. Trichoderma; the versatile fungal genus includes species of great biotechnological value and considered as a magnificent industrial cell factory of enzymes. In this study, 10 Trichoderma species were screened for laccase enzyme production by submerged cultivation. The studied species were identified by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene sequences. Guaiacol (0.04%) as an enzyme substrate in plate medium was used for the selection of maximum laccase-enriched Trichoderma species by formation of visual color halo intensity. This activity was evaluated by liquid submersion (flask medium) also. The absorbance of laccase contained broth was measured by aspectrophotometer (450nm). The highest laccase production was obtained by T. atroviride (2.62 U/mL). Trichoderma cremeum and T. longipile showed medium laccase potency, while T. beinartii exhibited weak laccase secretion ability. Laccase from T. atroviride was purified by SDS-PAGE and the molecular weight was determined (57kDa). The laccase was confirmed by their respective amino acid sequences, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed for further analysis.

Isolation and identification of Delftia lacustris Strain-MS3 as a novel and efficient adsorbent for lead biosorption: Kinetics and thermodynamic studies, optimization of operating variables

The development of industrial factories has led to increasing the entry rate of non-degradable compounds into the environment. Natural sorbents have been used extensively to remove heavy metals under optimal conditions. In the present research, the lead-resistant bacteria (Delftia lacustris Strain-MS3) were isolated and identified and the ability of this novel strain to tolerate different concentrations of Pb+2 were evaluated. Kinetics, thermodynamic study and the optimal conditions for lead uptake by isolated strain were statistically described. Factors affecting optimum operational conditions of lead biosorption were analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM), based on the Box-Behnken design (BBD) model. The maximum lead removal measured at pH value of 6.6, bacterial biomass to lead ratio of 22:3, and residence time of 180 min. There was a significant difference between the growth rates of Strain-MS3 in different treatments. Results illustrate the high accuracy of the selected model to determine the optimal experimental conditions in the metal biosorption process. The adsorption results match with the pseudo-second-order kinetics, suggesting that lead ions were uptake to the adsorbent in monolayers due to their chemical affinity. The thermodynamic parameters were also determined by the Gibbs free energy function, confirming that the adsorption process was spontaneous and accompanied by endothermic nature.

Investigation of weight loss in mozzarella cheese using NIR predicted chemical composition and multivariate analysis

The objective of the present study was to develop multivariate process monitoring models for weight loss of high-moisture mozzarella cheese during shelf-life. Eighty-two production batches from an industrial cheese factory were sampled in four non-consecutive days. Chemical composition of curd and mozzarella was analyzed using near infrared spectroscopy. Weight loss of mozzarella balls at 10 and 21 days after production were evaluated as measure of process efficiency. Principal component regression and linear regression coupled with variable selection were tested for their accuracy in predicting weight loss. Analysis of variance highlighted that shelf-life and sampling day had the strongest effect on mozzarella cheese chemical composition. Weight loss was predicted from curd and mozzarella composition with coefficient of determination ranging from 0.49 to 0.54. Batches with unsatisfactory performances were determined with accuracy ranging between 0.81 and 0.84. Possible applications of proposed models were evaluated based on their performances as well on their usability in dairies. Overall, findings suggest that the most suitable method for routine process control is linear regression algorithm on selected variables.

Global system for mobile communication (GSM) monitoring in industries using arduino uno

The scope of our project is to notify the owner of the premises, the fire department and authority immediately after the detecting any fire and gas leakage by sensor. The notification is sent through Short Message Services (SMS). The issue we are trying to solve here is associated with the emergencies which can occur in any industry or large factories in this case fire. This can also help us to reduce the response time taken by the first responders. As soon as the sensors detect fire or smoke buzzer will go off and SMS will be sent to all the authorities. The path to the development of the automation system at home and in industry is almost the same these days. This paper will help us to understand the measures which we can take to create a fail safe system for fire or gas detection in large areas at low cost. Everyone wants to be safe as much as possible. The easy connection simple to understand will help every user to use the wireless system for security using the sensors-Gas, smoke, and temperature detector at industries.

Effects of MgO Powder addition on mechanical, physical and thermal properties of Al waste bagasse composite

Abstract Environmental pollution from various industries is a serious issue in most countries. Bagasse is a waste product from sugar factory industries. Bagasse pollutes the soil and the air. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to utilize bagasse waste as a primary reinforcement material in the development of an aluminum-based metal matrix composite. Magnesium oxide (MgO) powder was mixed with bagasse ash to enhance the wettability of the bagasse ash and the aluminum matrix. The microstructure results of the bagasse reinforced hybrid composite showed a proper distribution of carbonized bagasse ash and MgO powder in the aluminum base matrix material. Minimum porosity and minimum corrosion loss were measured at 1.43 % and 0.05 mg, respectively for a selected composition Al+2.5 wt.-% carbonized bagasse ash +12.5 wt.-% MgO hybrid metal matrix composite. The composition of the Al+10 wt.-% carbonized bagasse ash metal matrix composite exhibited the maximum specific strength of 39.59 kN × m × kg-1 which is much better than than that of the base matrix material. In addition, as the percentage of reinforcement in the casting increases, the cost and density of the final cast composite reinforced by bagasse, continually decrease. Sample G13 (Al+ 5 wt.-% carbonized bagasse ash + 10 wt.-% MgO powder) shows a small change in dimensions due to thermal expansion.

RESPUBLİKAMIZDA MƏŞĞULLUQ VƏ İŞSİZLİYİN SƏVİYYƏSİNİN MÜASİR VƏZİYYƏTİ

After Azerbaijan gained independence, the existing economic ties between the allied republics disappeared, there was a deficit in the markets and access to foreign markets became impossible. As a result, large industrial enterprises, factories, collective farms and state farms ceased operations. In the current situation, the problem of mass unemployment has a special place. As a result, especially young people were forced to leave the country in search of work and turned to Russia and other countries. As a way out of this situation, socially oriented state programs have been developed in the country since 2000, and serious and urgent work is being done to address the problem of unemployment. As a result, it was possible to solve the problem of unemployment in Azerbaijan and provide the population with appropriate jobs. The measures taken have reduced the unemployment rate in Azerbaijan four times compared to the 1990s, ie from twenty to five percent. Many jobs have been created in the country and a large part of the population has been provided with jobs. Keywords: government programs, events, youth, employment, mass unemployment

Radar-Based, Simultaneous Human Presence Detection and Breathing Rate Estimation.

Human presence detection is an application that has a growing need in many industries. Hotel room occupancy is critical for electricity and energy conservation. Industrial factories and plants have the same need to know the occupancy status to regulate electricity, lighting, and energy expenditures. In home security there is an obvious necessity to detect human presence inside the residence. For elderly care and healthcare, the system would like to know if the person is sleeping in the room, sitting on a sofa or conversely, is not present. This paper focuses on the problem of detecting presence using only the minute movements of breathing while at the same time estimating the breathing rate, which is the secondary aim of the paper. We extract the suspected breathing signal, and construct its Fourier series (FS) equivalent. Then we employ a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) on the FS signal to determine if it is a breathing pattern or noise. We will show that calculating the GLRT also yields the maximum likelihood (ML) estimator for the breathing rate. We tested this algorithm on sleeping babies as well as conducted experiments on humans aged 12 to 44 sitting on a chair in front of the radar. The results are reported in the sequel.

Improvement of Sensor Technology for Monitoring Vocs in Harbour and Maritime Areas: Use Case and first Findings

Fugitive emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) resulting from industrial sources (e.g. storage tanks, gas pipelines or exhausted areas) are often sources of great concerns due to the release of unpleasant odors, irrespective if there is, or is not, a potential health impact (Manes et al., 2011). In this regard, trends of total VOCs are useful to detect the release of organic substances into the atmosphere for correlating them with potential odor harassments.Sensors based on photoionization principle have been successfully tested for continuous monitoring of the volatile organic compounds in ambient air: at the fence of productive plants; close to industrial factories or urban settlements (Locke et al., 1965). PID sensor is already proofed (University of Bari) for providing accurate data with detectable levels in the order of ppb, even in presence of high humidity conditions (Di Gilio et al., 2018). The aim of this study was the test of an innovative sensor technology (NetPID, Lab Service Analytica) capable of operating in hard weather conditions such as maritime environment, where equipment is exposed to high levels of moisture and condensate marine aerosols (droplet, not solubilized particles) (ref. MiniPID manual). The experimental design required the implementation of several PID detectors, placed on boats for dynamic monitoring of volatile organic compounds in an industrial harbour (Tsow et al., 2009). Electronic compensation for suppressing the non-specific contribution of moisture has been improved on these sensors: this led to a sensitivity below the ppb. In addition, flow chambers have been engineered and developed. Sensors have been also integrated on the dedicated smart network platform for collecting real-time data and trends with high resolution. Thanks to the data given by NetPID by the IoT platform, managers were so able to compare them with periodic information on port activities (storage, unloading, handling of raw and refined products). The setting of specific routines, based on the matching of multiple information levels (Port activities, total VOCs concentrations, weather conditions) (Choi et al., 2009), allowed to adopt the necessary corrective procedures for the mitigation of the impact of fugitive emissions in surrounded areas. Long-term tests have shown a high stability of instrumental responses, high robustness and reliability (Amodio et al., 2013).

Preparation of high-temperature resistant poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide)/polyacrylonitrile composite nanofibers membrane for air filtration

Nowadays, many industrial factories usually emit a large amount of dusty waste gas with high temperature in daily production, which will bring huge threat to the environment and human health if they are not disposed properly. However, the existing removal technology for high-temperature dusty gas have some shortcomings in practice, especially for the low efficiency on extremely small particles of filtration. Electrospinning is a technique commonly used to produce ultrafine nanofibrous filter. By combining high-temperature resistant materials with electrospinning technology can give high-temperature resistant materials the small size effect of nanofibers. It is expected to prepare a new kind of air filter material which performs high-precision filtration, excellent mechanical property and high-temperature resistance. This study focuses on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with high spinnability and high-performance poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA) fiber to prepares PMIA/PAN composite nanofiber membranes. By adjusting the combination of mass fraction and mass ratio of the two organic solutions, PMIA/PAN composite nanofiber membranes were prepared to own the excellent mechanical properties, stable filtration performance and better high-temperature resistance. The experiments show that the breaking strength and elongation at break of PMIA/PAN composite nanofiber membrane with a combination of mass fraction of 11–12 and a mass ratio of 9:1 are 2.683 MPa and 37.36% respectively. Furthermore, the filtration efficiency of PMIA/PAN composite nanofiber membranes can maintain over 99% after a series of heat treatment. • By blending the solutions to prepare PMIA/PAN nanofiber membranes integrated the advantages between the two components. • The PMIA/PAN composite nanofibers membrane not only maintains a filtration efficiency above 99% after a series of heat treatments but owns great mechanical property. • Using the self-made needleless electrospinning machine to prepare PMIA/PAN composite nanofibers membrane, which can realize the mass production.