Contextual Factors Research Articles

Discovery of Knowledge in Practice.

Given the number of occupational therapy doctorate (OTD) programs and graduates with professional doctoral degrees, the concept of practice scholarship is increasingly important. The scholarly work of occupational therapy practitioners guided by a research model is appropriate for those who have trained as researchers or OTD students and practitioners receiving mentorship from occupational therapy research scientists. A research model of scholarship may not fit the scholarly work of most occupational therapy practitioners with an OTD. We propose the Scholarship of Knowledge Discovery in Practice model, which emphasizes how contextual factors influence the generation and application of knowledge, particularly in addressing feasibility and sustainability challenges when integrating evidence into practice. This model prioritizes discovery when solving practice problems through quality improvement, program development, and innovation. OTD students and occupational therapy practitioners may use this model in generating scholarly work through capstones and ongoing enactment of the scholarly role. The recognition of practice scholarship as making important contributions to the profession may generate multiple vehicles through which to disseminate the discovery of knowledge in practice.

Trajectories and social determinants of child cognitive development: a prospective cohort study from infancy through middle childhood in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Over a third of children globally do not meet their developmental potential, and children living in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) are most vulnerable. Understanding the contextual factors that influence cognitive development for children in LMICs is crucial to inform and develop interventions. We sought to characterize developmental trajectories of cognition in Bangladeshi children and identify salient social determinants. We used a longitudinal design and included 542 children living in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Social determinants (maternal and paternal education, housing risks, household assets, and food security) were assessed at baseline visits using a combination of oral interviews and home assessments. Cognitive development was assessed at 6 months, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 years. A total of 1397 cognitive assessments were completed across all participants. Growth curve models and mixed effect models were used. In children living above the poverty line, there was increasing deviation from expected cognitive scores from 6 months to 2 years (-12.85, p<0.001) with stable scores from 2 to 7 years. For those below the poverty line, there were widening disparities from expectations in scores from 6 months to 4 years (-24.58, p<0.001) with stable scores from 4 to 7 years. Higher levels of maternal education (t=2.22, p=0.03) and more food security (t=4.48, p<0.001) were protective for cognition longitudinally. Interaction effects between poverty level and maternal education and food security respectively were observed. Cognitive development trajectories showed increasing disparities from expectations in the first two years of life, with more pronounced and lasting effects through 4 years for children below the poverty line. Maternal education and food security had promotive/protective effects on longitudinal cognitive development scores for the full sample. Maternal education and food security had stronger effects on cognitive development for children living below the poverty line compared to those living above the poverty line. Funding for the study was provided by a grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1111625) toCAN.

Examining adverse life experiences, disordered eating behaviors and cognitions and weight loss treatment in Peru

ObjectiveStudies conducted in the US indicate that exposure to trauma, and stigma related to weight are environmental factors associated with the development of disordered eating. Few studies have explored psychosocial and contextual factors surrounding disordered eating in Latin American populations. This study examined everyday discrimination, verbal weight-related abuse, adverse childhood experiences, and disordered eating across individuals seeking versus not seeking weight loss treatment in Peru. MethodParticipants (N = 420) were recruited via social media and a weight management clinic in Peru. Participants completed disordered eating, everyday discrimination, verbal weight-related abuse, and adverse childhood experiences measures. ResultsThe weight loss treatment seeking group showed greater disordered eating behaviors (dietary restraint) and cognitions (body dissatisfaction, overvaluation of shape/weight) compared to the non-weight loss treatment seeking group. Increased experiences of everyday discrimination, adverse childhood experiences, and verbal weight-related abuse were associated with greater levels of disordered eating behaviors and cognitions in both samples. Weight loss treatment seeking status was not a moderator of the relationships among disordered eating behaviors and cognitions, and everyday discrimination. DiscussionResults suggest discrimination, adverse childhood experiences, and verbal weight-related abuse are associated with eating pathology, and more disordered eating and behaviors are seen in individuals seeking or engaged in weight loss treatment. Findings highlight the importance of evaluating eating pathology for individuals reporting, or at high risk for discrimination, childhood trauma or weight-related abuse.

A qualitative exploration of the enablers of and barriers to conformance with antibiotic withdrawal periods on smallholding, peri-urban pig farms in Kiambu County, Kenya.

Non-conformance with antibiotic withdrawal period guidelines represents a food safety concern, with potential for antibiotic toxicities and allergic reactions as well as selecting for antibiotic resistance. In the Kenyan domestic pig market, conformance with antibiotic withdrawal periods is not a requirement of government legislation and evidence suggests that antibiotic residues may frequently be above recommended limits. In this study, we sought to explore enablers of and barriers to conformance with antibiotic withdrawal periods for pig farms supplying a local independent abattoir in peri-urban Nairobi. We drew upon semi-structured interviews with farmers and government animal health professionals as well as focus groups which involved private animal health professionals. We also explored farmers' engagement with antibiotic withdrawal periods by visiting thirteen pig farms (supplying one of two local independent abattoirs) weekly for one month in order to capture instances of antibiotic use. We analysed data using reflexive thematic analysis. All farmers participating in the study demonstrated an awareness of the concept of antibiotic withdrawal periods and described intentions to conform, motivated by caring for others, wanting to prevent harm or a perception that regulation around antibiotic withdrawal periods existed for local independent abattoirs. The antibiotic use practices that we identified showed limited opportunities for non-conformance with antibiotic withdrawal periods. Farmers and veterinarians reported that instances of antibiotic use were uncommon, especially in slaughter-weight pigs, and were mainly restricted to the treatment of clinical signs under the supervision of an animal health professional. Local factors presented barriers to antibiotic withdrawal period conformance including farmers' economic constraints, lack of formal medicine recording, an absence of consistent abattoir monitoring and resource emergency, such as water scarcity on farms. This study demonstrates the importance of these contextual factors to conformance with antibiotic withdrawal periods. We highlight the need to account for farm-level influences when planning future research and interventions aimed at reducing the presence of antibiotic residues in meat from smallholding pig farms in peri-urban Nairobi.

Exploring Patient-Related Contextual Factors and Personal Reflections About the Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM) Intervention for Adults With Advanced Cancer in Metropolitan and Non-Metropolitan Southern Alberta: A Mixed Methods Study.

The evidence-based Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM) psychotherapeutic intervention was designed to address the complex needs of those with advanced cancer. Ample evidence supports the efficacy of CALM therapy; less is known about the patient-specific factors that influence initiation and continuation of CALM sessions. To gain understanding of patient-specific factors and referral routes that influence initiation and continuation of CALM. An Interpretive Description framework and concurrent triangulation mixed-methods design was used to analyse baseline patient-specific variables for prediction of engagement (number of sessions) in CALM following recruitment from cancer centres, palliative care services, and community cancer care organisations across Southern Alberta, Canada. Patient input (n=10) occurred through semi-structured interviews exploring experiences with advanced cancer, CALM referral and engagement. Among consented individuals (n=69), those directly referred by healthcare providers (HCPs) and self-referred (total n=32), engaged in more CALM sessions (M=4.97, SD=3.51) than those referred indirectly (M=3.19, SD=2.26, p<0.05), particularly younger participants (< 65years) and those with longer life expectancy (> 10months). Participants chose CALM based on experiences of distress, wanting to talk openly, and expecting benefit. Greater patient engagement in the CALM intervention following HCPs' direct referrals may be based on trust in the HCP-patient relationship, and accurately prognosticating sufficient physical well-being for participation and benefit. Future health systems research may evaluate systematic programing with offering CALM referrals following an advanced cancer diagnosis.

Context is Complex: Challenges and opportunities addressing contextual factors in manual therapy mechanisms research

Context is Complex: Challenges and opportunities addressing contextual factors in manual therapy mechanisms research

CONTEXTUAL DETERMINANTS OF AGING AND HEALTH

Abstract Addressing social determinants of health is crucial for promoting healthy aging. As this field grows, there is an increasing emphasis on understanding the upstream contextual factors of poor health and inequities. Contextual factors, operating at multiple societal levels, profoundly shape health and well-being among older adults. Guided by social disadvantage theory, this symposium aims to advance research on contextual determinants of aging and health through both innovative multilevel and life course perspectives as well as methodological advancements in novel statistical models and machine learning methods. This symposium will present four studies exploring how important contextual factors, ranging from education, neighborhoods, and childhood social-historical contexts are associated with health outcomes among older adults. Dr. Kim et al.’s interdisciplinary study delves into the micro-level, employing quantile regressions to investigate gender differences in the effects of education on brain pathology and cognitive decline. Dr. Yang et al. explore how meso-level neighborhood affluence and disadvantage influence older adults’ pain outcomes and medication choices. Focusing on minority aging, Dr. Qin et al. examine how neighborhood disadvantage moderates the association between disability and cognitive decline among older Mexican Americans. Finally, Huo and co-authors take a life course perspective, utilizing machine learning tree and forest models to examine a comprehensive set of 43 childhood micro- and meso-level family and residential characteristics contributing to later life frailty. Through these diverse investigations, this session will provide insights into the contextual determinants related to healthy aging, which will inform targeted interventions and policies to address health disparities among older populations.

A theory-driven framework for the design and implementation of successful agri-environmental programmes: results of a realist review

ABSTRACT In order to tackle biodiversity decline, various Agri-Environmental Programmes (AEPs) have been established in intensive farming countries. Farmers play a crucial role in restoring biodiversity. Therefore, understanding farmers’ participation in AEPs is of vital importance. Yet, a theory-driven understanding of what AEP strategies need to be implemented in which context to motivate farmers to work on AEPs is lacking. We aimed to close this gap by identifying Programme Theories (PTs) for the design and implementation of successful AEPs. We performed a realist review to identify causal relationships between agri-environmental strategies (S), their outcomes (O), and the contextual factors (C) and motivational mechanisms (M) that explain how, when and why AEP outcomes were achieved. The identified strategy-context-mechanism-outcome (SCMO) configurations and underlying theories were clustered on the C–M relationship to develop PTs. 47 studies were included. Based on the available evidence on more than 60 AEPs in 17 intensive farming countries, 10 interrelated PTs were identified. These 10 PTs form a theory-driven framework that summarizes the insights into how, when and why farmers work on successful AEPs. Each PT provides practical insights into the agri-environmental strategies and necessary contextual factors and mechanisms to guide farmers’ behavioural change toward biodiversity conservation.

Exploring the Impact of Public Service Motivation on Public Employee’s Coping Strategy With Clients: Nuanced Insights From Varied Contexts

This study analyzes the impacts of public service motivation (PSM) on the front-line public employees’ coping strategy, considering the moderating roles of two contextual factors: organizational performance pressure and clients’ help deservingness. Two vignette-based survey experiments were conducted separately in regulation and service settings (financial regulators and healthcare workers) in China. The findings indicate agreement across different settings on the positive effects of PSM on public employees’ intention to move against clients. However, the evidence regarding the moderating roles of organizational performance pressure and clients’ help deservingness points to more complexity, with the results varying in the regulation and service settings. In the regulation setting, organizational performance pressure crowds out financial regulators’ PSM, leading to declining intentions of moving against clients. However, in the service setting, clients’ help deservingness serves as a significant contextual factor, moderating the relationship between healthcare workers’ PSM and intentions on moving against clients.

ELDER ABUSE IN OLDER ADULTS WITH DEMENTIA: PROTECTIVE FACTORS AND ADVERSE EFFECTS

Abstract With the rapid increase in the aging population, more attention has been paid to studying older adults with dementia. Despite the fact that older adults with dementia are more likely to be abused compared to their cognitively intact counterparts, little attention has been paid to abuse within this population. It is important to recognize the unique characteristics and vulnerabilities of this specific group. This systematic review, conducted using the PRISMA model, aims to critically examine, evaluate, and synthesize literature on protective factors and adverse effects of elder abuse among individuals with dementia. A search was undertaken using the Ageline, Medline, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases for peer-reviewed articles published in English up to June 2023. A total of 291 articles were identified by the systematic search, and eight articles were included in the review. The results showed that protective factors related to elder abuse are mainly examined at a perpetrator level, including caregiver-related factors (e.g., caregiver coping strategies), relational factors (e.g., premorbid relationship rewards), and contextual factors (e.g., informal support from family and friends during the COVID-19 pandemic). Adverse effects, specifically an increased risk of various medical conditions and poor medication adherence, were identified but less frequently discussed. This review highlights the need for better support and training for caregivers of older adults with dementia, as well as comprehensive policies to prevent elder abuse. It also calls for future research to find ways to protect these older adults and mitigate the adverse effects of elder abuse.

THE PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF DEMENTIA CAREGIVING: NATIONAL AND STATE-LEVEL VARIATIONS

Abstract Unpaid dementia care has emerged as a public health priority. Specifically, dementia caregiving influences the health of those providing assistance (e.g., family members, friends) and recipients of care. However, the intensity of care provision and its health implications are often disproportionate within the population. Public health can engage in various initiatives to address such disparities, including improving surveillance of dementia caregivers with greater precision; engaging in outreach and education about the potential health risks of dementia care; and coordinating initiatives across traditional silos (e.g., public health, aging service providers, healthcare systems) to result in more available, accessible, and ultimately effective dementia care. Relying on 2021-2022 data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 47 states, we conducted a series of three-way cross-tabulations between dementia caregivers, non-dementia caregivers, and non-caregivers to ascertain key disparities and contextual factors that could serve as subsequent health targets. Nationally, although dementia caregivers provided more extensive help to care recipients for longer periods, variations in other domains (e.g., lifestyle behaviors) were less apparent nor consistent. More crucially, those patterns of statistical differences that emerged in the national analysis were far more variable and diverse when considering specific states, suggesting the urgent need for granular, more local data sources to better inform services, supports, and public health action to support dementia caregivers.

EXAMINING THE INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS BIG DATA CAPABILITIES ON TOURISM FIRMS IN SAUDI ARABIA

Purpose: This current paper investigates how important big data capabilities influence Business Performance (PF) in the Saudi tourism sector, in line with Saudi Vision 2030's digital transformation evolution efforts and initiatives. Objectives: The key-objective is thus to analyze/examine the impact of Data-Driven Culture (DDC), Technology Capabilities (TECH), Technical Skills (TSKL), and Managerial Skills (MSKL) on firm performance and identifying among them is the most impactful. Theoretical Framework: The study draws on Resource-Based Theory (RBT) and Social Materialism Theories to explore /scrutinize the strategic role of big data analytics capabilities in boosting competitiveness and driving growth within a rapidly evolving industry. Method: The methodology involved a self-administered questionnaire with variable measurements derived from previously published studies. A total of 695 responses were collected, out of which 471 were valid after accounting for 220 incomplete and four outlier responses. Results and Discussion: Analysis indicates that Technical Skills (TSKL), Managerial Skills (MSKL), and Data-Driven Culture (DDC) have a statistically significant positive impact on firm performance. Conversely, Data-Driven and Technology Capabilities did not directly enhance performance, possibly due to issues related to maturity levels or implementation quality. Hypotheses (H3), (H4), and (H5) are accepted, confirming the positive impact of (TSKL), (MSKL), and (DDC). Hypotheses (H1) and (H2) related to (DD) and (TECH) are rejected. Research Implications: The findings highlight the necessity for organizations in the Saudi tourism industry to implement a maturity model that fosters gradual development and integration of analytics capabilities to fully leverage their potential. Originality/Value: This study fills a gap in the existing literature by providing real valuable empirical evidence on the impact of big data analytics capabilities on firm performance in Saudi Arabia's tourism sector. It underscores the importance of contextual factors like organizational culture and analytics maturity, which could influence the efficacy of these capabilities.

NO PHONE, MORE STRESS: EXPLORING ANXIETY AS THE MEDIATOR BETWEEN NOMOPHOBIA AND STRESS

Abstract This study (N=567) examines how nomophobia, the fear of being without one’s mobile phone, affects mental health by influencing anxiety and stress. Through regression and mediation analyses with nonparametric bootstrap, we found that anxiety mediates 69.24% of the impact of nomophobia on stress (ACME =.0724, 95% CI [.0568,.09], p &amp;lt;.00001). This substantial mediation underscores the central role of anxiety in the relationship between nomophobia and stress. Analysis by age and gender revealed variable mediation strengths: Young adults of both genders exhibited robust effects, with males showing a mediation proportion of 73.3% (ACME = 0.07424, p &amp;lt;.0001) and females 66.9% (ACME = 0.06940, p &amp;lt;.0001). Middle-aged females demonstrated a particularly high proportion at 88% (ACME = 0.05532, p =.002), contrasted by less pronounced effects in middle-aged males (ACME = 0.02218, p =.196). Older females also displayed significant effects, with a mediation proportion of 82.8% (ACME = 0.09425, p =.004). The observed demographic variations highlight the role of contextual factors such as age and gender in the psychological impacts of nomophobia. These insights are crucial for developing tailored interventions that more effectively counteract the adverse effects of mobile device dependency. Notably, the consistent mediation of stress by anxiety across most groups suggests that strategies focused on reducing anxiety could be particularly effective in managing nomophobia-related stress.

An Analyze of the Relationship Between Students’ Motivation, Self-efficacy, and Academic Resilience

Academic resilience represents a critical variable in educational success, reflecting students’ ability to adapt and thrive in the face of academic challenges. Numerous studies have addressed the issue of academic resilience, as understanding the mechanisms underlying academic resilience as essential for the development of effective interventions to support students. Academic resilience is a multifactorial construct, influenced by personal, social and contextual factors, which needs a complex approach. Being an essential competence for the entire life, the academic environment provides the fertile ground for its development. The present research investigates the extent to which perceived self-efficacy and motivation - both intrinsic and extrinsic - impact students’ academic resilience. The study aims to explore how those psychological constructs interact to support adaptive responses in demanding academic environments. A structural equation model was developed and tested on a sample of university students. The findings reveal that academic self-efficacy and intrinsic motivation has a significant and direct positive effect on academic resilience. At the same time, even extrinsic motivation seems to influence negatively the academic resilience, it resulted that it has no direct significant influence on academic resilience. The results underscore the importance of fostering self-efficacy and intrinsic motivation in educational settings, offering critical psycho-pedagogical insights for enhancing students’ adaptive capacities.

Impact of AI on Self-learning Capabilities of Employees in SMEs

This study investigates the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on self-directed learning and critical thinking among employees in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. A mixed-methods research approach was employed, combining a quantitative survey of 305 employees across various industries and qualitative data from 15 in-depth interviews with managers and staff. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the relationships between AI access, employee attitudes, organizational support, digital literacy, and self-learning outcomes. Qualitative analysis provided additional insights into contextual factors influencing AI adoption. The findings highlight that AI significantly enhances self-directed learning when SMEs offer structured training programs and technological resources. Employees with strong critical thinking skills effectively utilize AI tools for evidence-based decision-making and analytical tasks. However, barriers such as disparities in digital literacy, inconsistent AI adoption strategies, and insufficient organizational support hinder optimal outcomes. Organizational support emerged as a key enabler, with employees receiving adequate training reporting improved learning and skill development. This study extends the Self-Directed Learning Theory (SDL) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by identifying mediating roles of organizational and individual factors. Practical recommendations include fostering digital literacy, critical thinking, and AI-supportive organizational cultures to optimize workforce development.

Teacher-Student Interaction Models: Effective Strategies for Increasing Student Participation and Motivation

Effective teacher-student interactions are pivotal in fostering an engaging and motivating learning environment. Despite recognizing their importance, educators often seek evidence-based strategies to enhance student participation and motivation consistently. This study identifies and evaluates various teacher-student interaction models to determine their effectiveness in increasing student participation and motivation within diverse educational settings. Employing a quantitative methods approach, the research involved 150 teachers and 1,200 students across multiple secondary schools in East Jakarta Indonesia. Quantitative data were collected through structured surveys measuring student engagement and motivation levels, while qualitative insights were garnered from semi-structured interviews and classroom observations. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and regression models, were utilized to assess the impact of different interaction strategies. Thematic analysis was conducted on qualitative data to identify recurring patterns and contextual factors influencing outcomes. The findings indicate that interaction models emphasizing collaborative learning and personalized feedback significantly enhance student participation and motivation. Specifically, strategies such as the Socratic Method and Flipped Classroom demonstrated a 25% and 30% increase in student engagement metrics, respectively. Additionally, the integration of technology-mediated interactions was found to foster higher levels of student motivation compared to traditional instructional methods. Qualitative data revealed that teachers' interactive and student-centered approaches made students feel more valued and empowered.

Examination of study Physiological variables among energy drinkers in Iraq

The literature suggests that the effects of caffeine on cognitive function (such as alertness, vigilance, memory, and mood) vary depending on the type of Energy drink consumed. Alcohol and tobacco use are two examples of uncontrolled confounders that may contribute to discrepancies in study outcomes. Other potential causes include variations in research methods, participant characteristics, study timing, and other contextual factors. Caffeine has been shown to boost performance on both complex and basic tasks by increasing alertness and decreasing weariness, according to a few studies. Research suggests that anxiety may be exacerbated by caffeine in very large doses, but that this effect is negligible at typical coffee intake levels. Adults with pre-existing anxiety disorders may find that caffeine makes their symptoms worse. There is evidence that quitting caffeine can have harmful consequences, although the research is mixed. Caffeine has been shown to improve wakefulness, which is especially helpful for night workers and those suffering from sleep loss.

A Socioecological Approach to Support the Transition to Adult Care for Youth With Medical Complexity: Family Perspectives and Recommendations

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe transition from paediatric to adult health care (i.e., ‘health care transition’) poses many challenges for youth with medical complexity (YMC) and their families. YMC need specific approaches to supporting transition, tailored to individual youth and family contexts. In this study, we examine the contextual factors influencing families' transition experiences and describe their recommendations for improving the experience.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative explanatory case study in Ontario, Canada. We completed 21 interviews with 17 participants (11 mothers, 2 fathers, 2 YMC, 2 siblings) from 11 families of YMC. Six YMC (55%) were under 18 years of age (pre‐transfer) and five (45%) were aged 18 years and older (post‐transfer). Analytic approaches included reflexive thematic analysis and directed content analysis.FindingsParticipants described how the interplay of personal and environmental factors impacted their transition experiences. Recommendations for health care providers focused on providing instrumental and psychological support, advocacy and care continuity. Families expressed a need for better access to information and support from primary care providers. System‐level recommendations included streamlining transition processes, improving adult health care services and expanding community supports. A socioecological model is presented to guide health care providers and decision makers in assessing and tackling the challenges faced by YMC and their families during transition.ConclusionFindings highlight the complexity and scope of issues surrounding the transition to adult care for YMC in Ontario, with evidence of major gaps in services across multiple sectors and settings. Ongoing efforts are needed to move evidence into practice and advocate for more equitable and responsive care for YMC during the transition and beyond.Patient or Public ContributionThe research team included two parent co‐researchers with lived experience, who contributed to protocol refinement, funding acquisition, recruitment, findings interpretation and ongoing knowledge translation efforts.

Emotional intelligence and lecturer satisfaction: mediating effects of workplace environment and work-life balance in Ghanaian higher learning institutions

This study examined the direct and mediating relationships between lecturer’s emotional intelligence, work-life balance, workplace environment and job satisfaction among higher learning institutions in Ghana. The study adopted cross-sectional explanatory and correlational research approach. A total of two hundred and forty-eight (248) lecturers were sampled from twenty (20) randomly selected colleges of education in Ghana to participate in the study. Questionnaires served as the data collection instruments. Seven (7) hypotheses were tested for direct and mediating relationships among the variables using Partial Least Squares (PLS) Structural Equation Modelling. For direct effects, the following were found: Significant positive relationships existed between lecturer’s emotional intelligence and job satisfaction as well as lecturer’s emotional intelligence and workplace environment. The results also indicated that, a significant positive relationship exists between lecturer emotional intelligence and work-life balance. Moreover, significant positive relationships were found to exist between work-life balance and job satisfaction as well as workplace environment and job satisfaction among lecturers. For indirect effects, it was found that work-life balance and workplace environment mediated the relationships between lecturer’s emotional intelligence and job satisfaction. The study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence from the Ghanaian context and highlights the need for higher education institutions to prioritize emotional intelligence development among their staff. Practical implications include recommendations for training programs and supportive policies aimed at fostering emotional intelligence, promoting a positive work culture, and enhancing overall job satisfaction among lecturers. Future research directions include longitudinal studies and investigations into other cultural, institutional and contextual factors that influence job satisfaction in academic settings.

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL REGULATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING IN HIGHER EDUCATION

This systematic review examines the relationship between emotional regulation (ER) and psychological well-being (PWB) in higher education from 2019 to 2024. It focuses on how emotional regulation strategies impact students' and teachers' psychological well-being and academic performance in higher education. The review synthesizes findings from 63 studies across multiple countries, highlighting both adaptive and maladaptive ER strategies. Methodologically, most studies employed quantitative approaches with a few utilizing mixed or qualitative methods. The findings consistently show that better ER skills correlate with lower stress and improved psychological outcomes. Additionally, demographic factors and contextual factors like the COVID-19 pandemic significantly moderate these relationships. The review emphasizes the importance of adaptive ER strategies for both students and teachers in higher education, recommending further research to explore more mediating and moderating factors, and suggesting the inclusion of more diverse samples to enhance generalizability.