Factor Analysis Of Changes Research Articles

Risk factor analysis of changes in blood flow in the A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery after flow-diverter coverage of it.

Few studies have explored the effect of a flow-diverter device (FD) on blood flow in the A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA), after treatment of intracranial aneurysms in the bifurcation region of the internal carotid artery (ICA). The main objective of this article is to investigate the factors that affect A1 blood flow after FD covers the A1 artery. This is a single-center, retrospective study. Data were collected retrospectively from our center, and patients whose FDs were placed for treatment from the terminal of the ICA to the M1 segment were analyzed. A total of 42 patients were included in the study. Immediate post-procedural angiography following device placement revealed decreased blood flow in the A1 of 15 (35.7%) patients and complete occlusion of the A1 segment in 11 (26.2%) patients. During an average follow-up period of 9.8months, the A1 segment was ultimately occluded in 25 patients (59.5%) and decreased blood flow in 4 patients (9.5%). When using FD to cover the A1 artery for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms, patients with preoperative opening of the anterior communicating artery (AcomA) are more prone to occlusion or decreased blood flow of the A1 artery, compared to patients without opening.

Методический инструментарий количественного анализа сдвигов в профессионально-квалификационной структуре персонала предприятий

One of the manifestations of the so-called personnel transformations of the last three to five years is a significant change in the personnel structure. A study of the relevant reporting and statistical information of various economic entities made it possible to conclude that the “analysis” is usually limited to stating the most noticeable structural changes identified by comparing the share values of the occupational skill groups of the analyzed and basic periods. A critical analysis of literature on the topic confirmed the dominance in research practice of the shift-share technique used to assess quantitative changes in the regional structure of the employed population and, accordingly, the effectiveness of regional policies. Based on the results of the analysis of the concept of the shift-share method, the appropriateness of its use (under certain conditions) at the local level (at the level of business entities) is justified with the identification of hierarchical structural components: industry; industrial complex; core enterprise. The applied aspects of using the shift-share technique are outlined, including for assessing the effectiveness of the personnel policy of an enterprise. The focus of the work is the presentation of the author's methodology of structural and factor analysis of changes in the occupational skill structure of personnel. The key points that form the conception of the methodology are emphasized: differentiation of occupational skill groups into three types (conditionally increasing, conditionally permanent, conditionally decreasing); differentiation of the aggregate structural shift into shares (direct and indirect shifts); substantiation of two types of corrective effect (mitigating or enhancing); substantiation of three gradations of structural shift (significant, medium, and small). To predict situations caused by the change in the number of employees, a Passport of the Results of Enterprise Personnel's Structural and Factor Analysis has been developed. Examples illustrate the steps of implementing the developed methodical toolkit. In conclusion, the toolkit's potential, which makes it possible to significantly expand and deepen the range of specialized studies, is substantiated.

Adaptability of educational programs’ content to distance learning technologies in higher education institutions of Kazakhstan

The purpose of the article is to determine the level of adaptability of the of higher education institution educational programs’ content to distance learning technologies based on the application of the principles of synergy and coherence. The article is aimed at substantiating the indicators of the difference between traditional and innovative forms of education; it also aims to check if the content of educational programs fulfils the requirements of the transition to distance learning. It focuses on the factor analysis of changes in the forms of social interaction of subjects of the educational process in the new conditions of the educational environment; it seeks to develop specific recommendations for the transition to distance learning. The article identifies the factors affecting the adaptability of educational programs of Kazakhstan universities in training in for distance learning; it gives recommendations on the methodology for testing the adaptability of educational programs in the humanities, natural science and technical areas to the transition to distance learning. Based on the results of the of educational program assessment, it was found that university programs for each specialty in Kazakhstan are developed independently with a focus on the labor market. The article notes the need to adjust educational programs considering the introduction of distance education. Reorientation of the learning process in the areas of training and educational programs is possible through the supplementing of the distance learning database with information and content. The application of synergetic theory and connectivism principles in this process requires further research. Key words: educational programs, adaptedness of educational programs, inter discipline connection, distance educational technologies and online learning.

Factors of variability in the accumulation of waste in a mountain region of southern Poland

The analysis of change factors in waste management in the period from 2012 to 2015 in three municipalities in a mountainous region of southern Poland exhibited strong differentiation. This was recognised based on multiple indicators of waste accumulation. Such differences were investigated between two periods, which highlighted the effect of changes in waste management primarily resulting from Directive 2008/98/EC. These changes relate to the development of selective waste collection based on eight types of waste. On this basis, an increase was observed in the amount of waste collected in the communities. Particular attention was paid to the community with the highest number of tourists, the waste accumulation rate (452.74 kg per capita) and the cost per year. An increase in the number of tourists is an important factor in terms of waste accumulation, and other factors made it possible to recognise the direction of the changes taking place in waste management. In terms of changes in waste accumulation, the implementation of the European Union law into the national law in the field of waste management is a significant factor.

Factor Analysis of Changes in Hemoglobin A1c After 12 Months of Sitagliptin Therapy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

BackgroundSitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, is an effective oral antidiabetic agent as both monotherapy and when combined with insulin. Data from three observational studies performed in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving sitagliptin therapy in the routine clinical setting were integrated to conduct factor analysis of the changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), body weight, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over 12 months.MethodsAmong patients with type 2 diabetes attending medical institutions affiliated with Kanagawa Physicians Association, those using sitagliptin were followed for 1 year. In the ASSET-K and ASSIST-K studies, patients were managed by diabetologists, while they were managed by non-diabetologists in the ATTEST-K study. Patients were not administered insulin in ASSET-K, whereas insulin was administered in ASSIST-K. HbA1c (National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program), blood glucose (fasting/postprandial), body weight, and renal function (serum creatinine and eGFR) were the efficacy endpoints. Factor analysis was performed by analysis of variance using the magnitude of the change in HbA1c, body weight, and eGFR after 12 months of sitagliptin therapy as response variables, and the study, sex, and age as explanatory variables.ResultsOf 1,327 patients registered in ASSET-K (diabetologists/without insulin), 1,167 patients in ASSIST-K (diabetologists/with insulin), and 530 patients in ATTEST-K (non-diabetologists), statistical analysis was carried out on 1,074, 854, and 411 patients, respectively. There were significant inter-study differences in patient characteristics (complications, duration of diabetes, and baseline HbA1c), the sitagliptin dose, and the use of other antidiabetic agents. HbA1c decreased significantly in all three studies. According to factor analysis, the magnitude of the change in HbA1c over 12 months showed significant inter-study differences and was also significantly influenced by the age, duration of diabetes, and baseline HbA1c.ConclusionsComparison of three observational studies identified differences in patient characteristics, treatment of diabetes (use/non-use of insulin), and the level of specialist care (diabetologist/non-diabetologist). Despite such differences, consistent reduction of HbA1c by sitagliptin was demonstrated in all three studies. The patients showing most improvement in HbA1c with sitagliptin therapy were older patients with a short duration of diabetes and high baseline HbA1c level.

Effects of urbanization on extreme warmest night temperatures during summer near Bohai

Many previous studies have focused on the impacts of urbanization on regional mean temperatures. Relatively few have analyzed changes in extreme temperatures. Here, we examine the impact of urbanization on extreme warmest night temperatures from 33 stations in the Bohai area between 1958 and 2009. We compute the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution of extreme warmest night temperatures and analyze long-term variations in its characteristic parameters. A new classification method based on the factor analysis of changes in extreme night temperatures is developed to detect the effects of urbanization in different cities. Of the three parameters that characterize the GEV distribution, the position parameter is the most representative of long-term changes in extreme warmest night temperatures. During the period of rapid urbanization (i.e., after 1978), all three parameters of the GEV distribution are larger for the urban station group than for the reference station group, so are the magnitudes of their variations, and the urban areas have been experiencing higher extreme warmest night temperatures with larger variability. Different types of cities in the Bohai area have all experienced an urban heat island effect, with an average urbanization effect of approximately 0.3°C per decade.

Factor analysis of changes in dyspnea and lung function parameters after bronchodilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Expiratory airway collapse is a characteristic feature in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesized that this collapse might mask the effects of bronchodilators during forced expiration but not during forced inspiration, and that accordingly, the improvement in forced inspiration and not that in forced expiration with bronchodilator therapy would be related to changes in the perception of dyspnea. In order to investigate this, we conducted lung function measurements, including measurements of forced inspiration and expiration before and 30 min after inhalation of 400 microg salbutamol, in 61 patients with COPD (mean FEV(1): 38. 3 L; range: 12.9 to 79.5% predicted). The change in dyspnea from baseline was assessed with a standard visual analogue scale (VAS) ranging from -100 to +100. To delineate the relationship between parameters, we used the statistical procedure of factor analysis. Salbutamol induced an improvement of 0.16 +/- 0.02 L (mean +/- SD) in FEV(1), 0.36 +/- 0.04 L in forced inspiratory volume in one second (FIV(1)), 0.30 +/- 0.04 L in inspiratory capacity (IC), and -0.34 +/- 0.07 L in intrathoracic gas volume; the mean VAS score was 36.4 +/- 3.2. Factor analysis demonstrated that the reduction in dyspnea at rest was primarily associated with changes in parameters describing forced inspiration and not with those of forced expiration or lung hyperinflation, including IC. Our data indicate that in patients with COPD, the reduction in dyspnea after inhalation of a beta(2)-adrenoreceptor agonist is closely correlated with the change in parameters of forced inspiration, and particularly FIV(1), but not with changes in parameters of forced expiration or lung hyperinflation.

Carbohydrate metabolism of the lens depending on age I. Factor analysis of changes in the content of adenine nucleotides, inorganic phosphate and lactate in bovine lenses

The content of ATP, ADP, AMP and lactate in 105 bovine lenses of 1.7 to 185 months has been determined. A second preparation of 109 bovine lenses from 1.6 to 167 months was used to measure the content of inorganic phosphate. The concentration of all these substances decreases with increasing age. Extent and temporal course of the decrease vary. Results obtained are calculated by three modifications of factor analysis. It is evident that ATP stands alone in loading a factor, while all other substances and age (with opposite sign) appear as joint representatives of factors. This fact indicates that the ATP content of the lens is not a direct criterion of age but may be a consequence of age-dependent, qualitative changes in carbohydrate-breakdown. This concept is also supported by the behaviour of the ATP/ADP quotient reaching the maximum between 3 1 2 and 6 years of age.