Face Of Global Challenges Research Articles

Improved Water Services Cooperation through Clarification of Rules and Roles

Water services face global challenges, many of which are institutional by nature. While technical solutions may suit several situations, institutional frameworks are likely to vary more. On the basis of constructive research approach and new institutional economics we analyze and illustrate water services and the roles of various water sector actors in Finnish water utility setting using the “soccer analogy” by the Nobel Laureate D.C. North: Institutions are the “formal and informal rules of the game” while organizations are the “players”. Additionally, we assess the Finnish water governance system and discuss issues of scale and fragmentation and distinguish terms water provision and production. Finally, we elaborate the limitations of the soccer analogy to water services through ownership of the systems. According to the soccer analogy, inclusive institutional development requires skillful players (competent staff), team play (collaboration), proper coaching (education), supporters (citizens, media), managers (policymakers), and referees (authorities). We argue that institutional diversity and player/stakeholder collaboration are the foundation for enhancing good multi-level water governance, and that water management, although fragmented, should be seen as a connector of different sectors. For successful outcomes, scientific results should be communicated to public in more common language.

ISLAM WASATHIYAH TO BUILD A DIGNIFIED INDONESIA

Muslims in Indonesia in Indonesia face global challenges in the form of liberalism in various dimensions of life. Therefore, Muslims can express their aspirations through the known 411 action, 212 in a peaceful manner. Various parties respect Muslims, because they are able to prove Muslims who agree in Indonesia. Carrying out Islam wasathiyah (moderate), so as not to cause anarchy.
 However important prevention efforts that promote Islam as a religion of mercy to all the worlds (Islam rahmata lil 'alamin) through understanding of Islam washatiyah, to avoid understanding the extreme form of terrorism, anarchism, separatism and other forms of destructive life of society, nation and state.

ISLAM WASATHIYAH TO BUILD A DIGNIFIED INDONESIA (EFFORTS TO PREVENT RADICAL - TERRORISM)

Muslims in Indonesia in Indonesia face global challenges in the form of liberalism in various dimensions of life. Therefore, Muslims can express their aspirations through the known 411 action, 212 in a peaceful manner. Various parties respect Muslims, because they are able to prove Muslims who agree in Indonesia. Carrying out Islam wasathiyah (moderate), so as not to cause anarchy.
 However important prevention efforts that promote Islam as a religion of mercy to all the worlds (Islam rahmata lil 'alamin) through understanding of Islam washatiyah, to avoid understanding the extreme form of terrorism, anarchism, separatism and other forms of destructive life of society, nation and state.

ACTIVITIES OF MGMP IPA ACTIVITIES TO INCREASE THE TEACHER COMPETENCE IN BOGOR DISTRICT

MGMP is a community of teachers to always learn (long life learning). Rapid development of the times requires the teacher to participate in the pursuit of knowledge. Lifelong learning is the teacher's obligation to generate knowledge. This is necessary because the teacher is a facilitator of students to gain knowledge. In line with that, teachers are expected to master every change process so students can also face global challenges. These results indicate that the majority of teachers who come to MGMP IPA Bogor District civil servants Teachers. MGMP activities are a place that facilitates teachers' mutual learning together. MGMP members consist of various teachers from different schools. The results show the MGMP majority forum of senior teachers. Senior Teachers are expected to guide junior and mediator teachers to learn from one another. The results of the study concluded that continuing professional development needs to be developed, then content, then creativity, ICT and finally SK and KD to improve teacher competence. The activity steps are arranged to help activate and optimize activities, namely by self-development, scientific publications, and scientific work in the Bogor District MGMP.

Performance-based public funding of higher education: European experience and practice of Ukraine

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to investigate the effectiveness of higher education funding in Ukraine and the EU member states in the face of global challenges and national reforms, as well as to substantiate measures to implement the performance-based approach in the medium term. Methodology of research. The following methods are used to carry out the study: historical and logical – in the study of contemporary challenges for education in the global environment, statistical and generalization – in assessing the domestic practice of higher education financing, comparison – in the analysis of financial and demographic pressure on higher education institutions in Ukraine and EU, synthesis – to substantiate the effects of implementing the performance-based approach for the allocation of public funding to the higher education system and priorities for its reformation in Ukraine. Findings. In order to investing in skills and capacity-building, needed to achieve cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and quality, higher education requires sustainable and adequate public funding. The article substantiates that the current challenges for education systems in the global environment are political and regulatory changes, globalization trends, stakeholder expectations, digitization, nature and structure of the labour market. The feasibility of using a performance-based approach in Ukraine in comparison to other mechanisms of public funding allocation in higher education has been proved, the key performance indicators used in the EU member states have been uncovered also potential effects of implementation have been identified. Originality. The effectiveness of public funding in Ukraine in comparison with EU member states has been determined. This allowed substantiating a set of recommendations for domestic higher education institutions concerning their adaptation to the long-term financial and demographic pressures. The key principles of the public policy, oriented at achieving the effects of economy and efficiency in the sphere of allocation and use of public funds in the higher education system, have been substantiated. Practical value. The proposed recommendations put forward for implementation can be used in reforming the system of higher education funding in Ukraine and will help to improve the performance of educational institutions. Key words: system of higher education funding; public funding of higher education; higher education effectiveness; performance-based funding in higher education.

ESTETIC EXPRESSIONS OF JEPARA CARVING IN EFFORTS TO DEAL WITH THE MARKET DEMANDS

The demands of consumers that always evolving makes Jepara craftsmen have to adjust themselves. This is reflected in the aesthetic expression of products that are no longer homogeneous. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the aesthetic expression of Jepara carving art in an effort to face global challenges. Data obtained through interviews and direct observation in the field. The results of the study show that the carving that has now undergone a change due to adjusting to the demands of consumers and the times. European market dominance influenced European-style furniture so that the expression of Jepara carving tends to be European. However, it also developed a carving motif not fixated on the usual themes that were made in the form of motifs with stylized forms of flora fauna, but now also developed geometric and minimalist designs. There is also a simplification of a form into another form, such as by simplifying carving motifs to serve consumers who want products that are not too full of carvings. This consumer demand motivates craftsmen to always do innovation, so consumers are accommodated and served the satisfaction of their aesthetic taste and craftsmen fulfilled their economic needs. Keywords: Aesthetic expression, Jepara carving, market demands

Learning to face global food challenges through tourism experiences

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provoke reflections on the potential contribution of food tourism experiences to achieving the sustainable development goals for eradicating hunger and malnutrition.Design/methodology/approachIn line with the creative analytic practice in scientific inquiry, this study develops and discusses a futuristic scenario inspired by a factual company. The case is based on ideas derived from studies on educational and food tourism and entrepreneurship, more precisely ecopreneurship.FindingsFood tourism can offer an opportunity for discussing food challenges in the context of ideas and projects to alleviate hunger and malnutrition. This study shows that imagining such possibilities and projects is challenging because of the complexity of the issue.Practical implicationsThis study suggests that despite some limitations, educational food tourism experiences might go well beyond the issues of regional development, localism and authenticity. Practitioners, including tourism entrepreneurs and private and public food and tourism organisations, might be essential to exploring alternative food tourism futures in ways that truly contribute to urgent global challenges.Originality/valueThe value of this paper lies in the use of a scenario to imagine and to reflect on the future of food tourism in relation to the global challenges of hunger and malnutrition. The paper suggests that the ideas from tourism studies and ecopreneurship can offer interesting perspectives on future developments in the sector.

HPC Processors Benchmarking Assessment for Global System Science Applications

The work undertaken in this paper was done in the Centre of Excellence for Global Systems Science (CoeGSS) – an interdisciplinary project funded by the European Commission. CoeGSS project provides a computer-aided decision support in the face of global challenges (e.g. development of energy, water and food supply systems, urbanisation processes and growth of the cities, pandemic control, etc.) and tries to bring together HPC and global systems science. This paper presents a proposition of GSS benchmark which evaluates HPC architectures with respect to GSS applications and seeks for the best HPC system for typical GSS software environments. The outcome of the analysis is defining a benchmark which represents the average GSS environment and its challenges in a good way: spread of smoking habits and development of tobacco industry, development of green cars market and global urbanisation processes. Results of the tests that have been run on a number of recently appeared HPC platforms allow comparing processors’ architectures with respect to different applications using execution times, TDPs3 and TCOs4 as the basic metrics for ranking HPC architectures. Finally, we believe that our analysis of the results conveys a valuable information to the broadened GSS audience which might help to determine the hardware demands for their specific applications, as well as to the HPC community which requires a mature benchmark set reflecting requirements and traits of the GSS applications. Our work can be considered as a step into direction of development of such mature benchmark.

State of the world 2018: democracy facing global challenges

ABSTRACTThis article analyses the state of democracy in the world in 2018, and recent developments building on the 2019 release of the V-Dem dataset. First, the trend of autocratization continues and 24 countries are now affected by what is established as a “third wave of autocratization”. Second, despite the global challenge of gradual autocratization, democratic regimes prevail in a majority of countries in the world (99 countries, 55%) in 2018. Thus, the state of the world is unmistakably more democratic compared to any point during the last century. At the same time, the number of electoral authoritarian regimes had increased to 55, or 31% of all countries. Third, the autocratization wave is disproportionally affecting democratic countries in Europe and the Americas, but also India’s large population. Fourth, freedom of expression and the media, and the rule of law are the areas under attack in most countries undergoing autocratization, but toxic polarization of the public sphere is a threat to democracy spreading across regimes. Finally, we present the first model to predict autocratization (“adverse regime transitions”) pointing to the top-10 most at-risk countries in the world.

Role of learning module in STEM approach to achieve competence of physics learning

STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) the problem of education has received much attention in recent years. With STEM education, individuals can compete globally to deal with more complex changes or advancements. Learning with STEM approach is actually able to train students to be able to communicate, collaborate, critical thinking and problem solving, as well as creativity and innovation so that learners will be able to face global challenges. In this paper, we report on the study of literature studies by finding reference to theories relevant to the cases or problems found. This review is based on a number of empirical and conceptual journal articles on STEM published recently. The results of this review will be used as the theoretical reference to serving as the basic foundation and the main tool for the development of learning modules in accordance with the STEM approach in physics learning.

Demonopolization SOEs Policy as An Efforts To Restructured Roles and Institutions in Facing Global Competition

This article discusses how SOEs prepare themselves in an effort to deal with economic globalization over the demonopolization policy. Demonopolization is a policy undertaken by the government as a commitment to implementing free trade required WTO. Economic globalization is a condition that will not be able to be avoided, a sure step that must be taken by the government is to prepare for the resilience of the nation's economy through institutional strengthening strategies. One of them is by improving the performance of SOEs through policies that can create a synergy of effort and will be able to improve the quality to face competition globally. Create competitors to SOEs will be able to encourage SOEs to improve their institutions internally and externally, this condition is one of the strategies to create professional and independent SOEs, in order to face global challenges. Restructuring of SOEs by applying corporate culture and implement of concept good corporate governance is a strategy for internal institutional reform, internal institutional strengthening will have an impact on external institutional which will provide the best service for consumers and public. The Concept of SOEs performance must be based on the principles of economic democracy that promote fair efficiency for all economic actors, the main aim of providing protection for the people of Indonesia.

A new model for assessing industrial worker behavior regarding energy saving considering the theory of planned behavior, norm activation model and human reliability

Application of energy efficiency measures is one of the most hopeful solutions to face global environmental challenges, to minimize natural resources consumption and the greenhouse effect. However, the level of implementation in the industrial sector is far below of what theoretically could be achieved due to several barriers, one of which is the behavior of industrial workers. The aim of this paper is to rank the critical factors of industrial worker behavior with relation to energy saving in an industrial organization. A case study was undertaken to analyze workers' intentions to adopt energy efficiency measures, using an extended model of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). A survey gathered the data to assess the model and a structural equation modeling (SEM) was fitted. The results indicate that two factors of the adjusted SEM model are not statistically significant, contrary to what was expected by the TPB and the human reliability; therefore, these two factors, subjective norms and performance shaping factors, should be the object of greater attention so as to influence the behavior of workers towards greater energy saving in industrial units.

Taman Bacaan Masyarakat (TBMs): a global literacy potential in Bandung Smart City

Reading community, Taman Bacaan Masyarakat (TBMs) have a long story as the movement center of information literacy. At the beginning of its emergence, in the 1990s, TBMs stretched slowly but surely became the driving force for information literacy. In its development, TBMs emerged as a learning center, until there were several of them who were also leading the role of empowerment centers for the community. Using the case study method from qualitative research, this article tries to explore the other side of the role of TBMs in the midst of society in an effort to prepare an information society in Bandung Smart City to face global challenges. The study of several cases in previous studies with the topic of TBMs studies shows that there is a role for TBMs that has not been explored related to the challenges of globalization. This article seeks to reveal the unique side of TBMs as a global literacy center in Bandung Smart City. Hopefully the writing in this article will provide a discourse space for researchers of information literacy to continue to inspire TBMs that are actively growing in the midst of society to be part of community empowerment efforts, as well as global literacy locomotives for the environment.

Globalization and its impact on Pakistan’s Muslim Society

According to Islamic thoughts, Islam has brought up the matter of globalization, the establishment of global society and global government which is accepted all over the world without any discrimination of religion and civilization. Therefore, it is said that globalization is neither good nor bad despite the whole counter agreements. It either can or cannot be desirable, but the characteristics of globalization are different from the current feature of the Islamic perspective. In the current scenario, globalization is a powerful manifestation of Western civilization supremacy. In Pakistan, we are facing complex global challenges in the family system. Islam promotes family values, which are the necessary for family bonding. Whenever the cohesive bond gets weak, society begins to tumble. We are living in a fast-pacing, hectic community, where the protection of Islamic values in Pakistani society is a challenging task. This study will provide a balance solution regarding globalization for Pakistani Muslim society. The study will suggest the legal and ethical mechanism that needs to be developed in the Pakistani Muslim Society for protecting against globalization. This study is only limited to Pakistani Muslim society.

Addressing global social relationships in transnational social work research processes and institutions

ABSTRACTIn the last two decades, scholars and practitioners have adopted the term ‘transnational social work’ to capture the complexity of cross-border flows and their effects on people. This paper pursues the idea of transnational social work research (TSWR), specifically seeking research practices that are promising for promoting social justice in the face of global challenges. We argue that when powerful institutions set research priorities, they may obscure local concerns and reproduce unequal social relations and global inequalities. We begin by describing how transnational social work bodies have understood ‘social justice’ and the theoretical underpinnings that support it. We then propose a definition of TSWR and discuss what populations and topics comprise the transnational sphere as well as the analytical commitments signalled by the term ‘transnational.’ We illustrate how TSWR can play a transformative role by discussing challenges that we have faced to our social justice commitments as researchers in the transnational sphere. Finally, we propose promising strategies for conducting TSWR that address power imbalances within social work research and the transnational arena.

Pola Pengembangan Kompetensi Kepemimpinan Bagi Aparatur Pemerintah dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Global (Studi Kasus Pada Penyelenggaraan Diklat Kepemimpinan Tingkat IV Di KESDM)

Leadership development program is an integrated leadership quality development program towards individuals and organizations to achieve organizational goals. This is important in response to the urgent need to prepare competent leaders in the face of global challenges and uncertainty conditions. Through appropriate leadership development programs, government/institutions are expected to achieve their goals effectively and efficiently. Currently there has been a paradigm shift in leadership development programs that more targeted to the human side by focusing on individuals rather than on their own management processes. This research is expected to answer questions related to the benefits, effectiveness, and development of Leadership Training program organized by the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources at this time. The approach of this research is literature review and qualitative descriptive by distributing questionnaires with respondents of alumni of Diklatpim Level IV at KESDM Year 2017. The results show that the Leadership Training which has been held essentially in accordance with the trend of leadership development that is considered most effective model at this time. The alumni of leadership training program have also benefited from the implementation of the training.

Emerging Opportunities for Synthetic Biology in Agriculture.

Rapid expansion in the emerging field of synthetic biology has to date mainly focused on the microbial sciences and human health. However, the zeitgeist is that synthetic biology will also shortly deliver major outcomes for agriculture. The primary industries of agriculture, fisheries and forestry, face significant and global challenges; addressing them will be assisted by the sector’s strong history of early adoption of transformative innovation, such as the genetic technologies that underlie synthetic biology. The implementation of synthetic biology within agriculture may, however, be hampered given the industry is dominated by higher plants and mammals, where large and often polyploid genomes and the lack of adequate tools challenge the ability to deliver outcomes in the short term. However, synthetic biology is a rapidly growing field, new techniques in genome design and synthesis, and more efficient molecular tools such as CRISPR/Cas9 may harbor opportunities more broadly than the development of new cultivars and breeds. In particular, the ability to use synthetic biology to engineer biosensors, synthetic speciation, microbial metabolic engineering, mammalian multiplexed CRISPR, novel anti microbials, and projects such as Yeast 2.0 all have significant potential to deliver transformative changes to agriculture in the short, medium and longer term. Specifically, synthetic biology promises to deliver benefits that increase productivity and sustainability across primary industries, underpinning the industry’s prosperity in the face of global challenges.

Energy Efficiency Improvement in Non-Intensive Energy Enterprises: A Framework Proposal

Generalized renewable energy use and the implementation of energy efficiency are two promising solutions to face global environmental challenges and achieve sustainable development. Government and large enterprises are making efforts in this direction; however, there are bottlenecks to start energy efficiency projects especially in non-intensive energy enterprises (NIEs). The aim of this work is to discuss energy efficiency improvement (EEI) initiatives and analyses a framework proposal to improve the energy efficiency implementation in (NIEs). It was applied the theory of Barrier Model to Energy Efficiency to understand the gap between the levels of opportunities implemented, and what theoretically the industrial sector could achieve. It was found that behavior barriers are relevant to understand the efficiency gap and it is necessary to have an action plan to address them. The analysis has been carried out in the fertilizer industry and the preliminary results demonstrate the advantageous reduction of energy losses.

New perspectives for planning education in the Middle East: added value through intercultural dialogue

The aim of this article is to explore new approaches in planning education that enable future planners to face global challenges and trigger change to enable a new conception of planning practice in an interdisciplinary manner. This article is based on the findings of an intercultural dialogue project between universities in Jordan and Germany. It displays the diverse challenges of a Middle Eastern city today, based on the example of the city of Madaba in Jordan, analysing the different planning settings and associated problems. The article showcases the resulting planning solutions that evolved from the project arguing for the need for more context-sensitive planning approaches, which appreciate heritage and historical centres in an integrative interdisciplinary manner. A key argument is that intercultural dialogue, along with interdisciplinary integrated approaches, should be key components of facing planning challenges and improving the quality of planning education

Enhancing sustainability amongst oil palm smallholders in Malaysia

Oil palm research is performed to develop new and upgraded products to face global challenges and thus, the industry is emerging as a dependable source of empowerment for the country. However, it also poses a serious threat due to unawareness of sustainability issues by the smallholders. Thus, this study assesses the actions of oil palm smallholders in a sustainable manner from the environment, economic, and social perspectives. The primary data is collected through a questionnaire survey with 50 supported smallholders in the Terengganu state under the FELDA scheme in Malaysia. The result demonstrates that dependent smallholders with primary level education are responsible for most of the pollution in the environment due to wrong agricultural practices. The study suggests that there is room for improvement in the social, environmental, and economic aspects of sustainability through intensive and quality training, depending on the role played by the authorities and the dependent smallholder cooperatives.