Extraordinary Person Research Articles

Takashi Sugimura: In Memoriam (1926–2020)–A Personal Perspective

![][1] Takashi Sugimura was a pioneer in cancer research and a figure recognized internationally for his seminal contributions to the understanding of mutagenicity and chemical carcinogenesis. Rather than focusing on the many accolades, honors, and influential positions that he held,

ОЛЕНА СТЕПАНІВ – ОФІЦЕР УСС ТА УГА, УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ ДИПЛОМАТ, ГЕОГРАФ, ГЕОЛОГІСТ

Peculiarities of life, military, the diplomatic activity of O. I. Stepaniv, PhD in Geography, as well as her scientific achievements as a Ukrainian geographer and geologist, are revealed. The biography of O. I. Stepaniv (1892–1963) absorbed all the complexities of the twentieth century. A woman who aspired to comprehend science and entered the Faculty of Philosophy of Lviv University devoted her youth to the struggle for independence of Ukraine. As an extraordinary person, she achieved success in military affairs even in these difficult times – she became an officer in the armies of the Ukrainian Sich Riflemen and the Ukrainian Galician Army; carried out significant public work to establish the Republic of Western Ukraine and became its diplomatic representative. At the same time, she continued her studies, was able to write and defend a dissertation in Vienna and obtain a doctor degree (PhD) in history and geography. From 1921 until her arrest for “anti-Soviet” activities in 1949, O. I. Stepaniv taught and conducted scientific work, in particular, on economic and social geography. It is noted that her works on the geography of transport can be considered as “forerunners” of geologistics, which emerged as a direction of geographical research only at the beginning of the XXI century. It is proved that O.I. Stepaniv views on the geopolitical, transport-geographical position of the Ukrainian lands were much ahead of the current level of comprehension of geographical material and still need their study. The authors emphasize that her transport and geographical works, in particular, dedicated to the city of Lviv (1943), are geologistical in their approach and in many respects “resonate” with the modern vision of the geopolitical and geologistical potential of Ukraine as an independent Europian state. The authors give an example of a modern EU project in the field of transport logistics “Three Seas Initiative”, aimed at developing the transport network of the Baltic-Adriatic-Black Seas region, to which Ukraine is invited as a strategically important partner (although it is not yet a full member of the EU).

ФЛОРІАН ЧАРНИШЕВИЧ ЯК ПРЕДСТАВНИК КУЛЬТУРНОЇ ЕЛІТИ ПОЛЬСЬКОГО ЕТНОСУ В АРГЕНТИНІ

The article presents a general analysis of the work of a Polish writer in the emigration of Florian Czarnyszewicz. His place in the culture of the Polish community of Argentina is shown, and the social activity of this extraordinary person is not neglected. An overview of the reception of his work by contemporaries and nowadays is given. The influence of his life path on the directions of creativity is objectified. Czarnyszewicz’s vision of the world around him, certain historical events, artistic and aesthetic analysis of the latter, represented by national-language polyphony in the context of constant aggressive influence of a foreign ethnic language environment, is necessarily objectified by him through individualism or through collective consciousness. In his public and literary activities, the Great Priberezinets implied related, at first glance unrelated, elements of the surrounding reality. As the literary critic Vaclav Lewandowski points out, Czarnyszewicz’s works may seem too anachronistic, in the opinion of readers accustomed to the already established ways of literary presentation. And the presence of such a manner of presentation in the latest literature is difficult to justify. If we look at the work of the author of „Priberezuntsy”, Lewandowski further claims, first of all from the perspective, what was acceptable in the prose of the twenties now seems old-fashioned and antediluvian. Czarnyszewicz is closer in style to Sienkiewicz, Orzeszko or Rodzewycz than to what has become commonplace in later literature.

ВАЛЕРІЙ ЛОБАНОВСЬКИЙ ЯК ПЕДАГОГ

 The article is devoted to the pedagogical directions of the activity of the outstanding Ukrainian coach Valeriy Lobanovskyi. The pur­pose of the study is to highlight the facets of the phenomenon of the out­standing Ukrainian football player, coach Valeriy Vasilyevich Lobanovskyi, namely his personality as an educator. Material and research methods. The use of various sources of information, but primarily literary and docu­mentary, helped to minimize subjective views and judgments. We also used a critical approach to the choice of available sources of informa­tion: the selection took place after their search in the database Scopus, SPORT Discus, Web of Science; chose sources whose content concerned the activities of Valeriy Lobanovskyi. The following keywords were used in the search: pedagogical activity, football coach, sports cybernetics, game models, as well as corresponding abbreviations and combinations. The time aspect of the appearance of information on a certain topic was also taken into account. Similarly, there was a direct study of printed litera­ture sources, including information from journal articles on lists of used literature. Thus, more than 50 sources of information were selected, after which the last review was conducted and 28 sources of information were identified, the material of which was processed using adequate general scientific methods, including analysis and synthesis, systematization, generalization. Results. The article focuses on the advanced tactical and methodological and pedagogical techniques used by Valeriy Lobanovskyi in his professional activity. The use of such techniques allowed him to become one of the creators of the modern system of football training and enter the constellation of the most outstanding coaches who changed the history of football. One of the results of his work as a teacher was the upbringing of three Golden Ball winners from France Football. Con­clusions. Valeriy Lobanovskyi is one of the most authoritative football coaches in the world and the founder of methodological and pedagogi­cal ideas that have ensured the transformation of football methods to the realities and challenges of today. He is an extraordinary person with emotional aspirations, the charisma of character, meticulous adherence to the developed norms of behavior and demanding in this regard from his students, a scientifically proven approach to taking into account every detail when organizing a football game.

COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGIES IN THE MOVEMENT OF UKRAINIAN PRESIDENTS: RITUAL MOVEMENT IN GENRES

The article is devoted to the development of a typology of communicative strategies presented in the ritual genres of the presidential discourse of Ukraine. Greetings, addresses and inaugural speeches of all Ukrainian presidents are considered in order to highlight and characterize the selected strategies of communication with the recipients. The communicative strategy is interpreted as a general scheme, a plan for the implementation of the communicative plan, which involves the use of specific speech actions (tactics and appropriate language tools. In presidential discourse strategies of consolidation, self-presentation and agitation are singled out. It is proved that the strategy of consolidation realizes the intention to unite the president with the people, the strategy of self-presentation - the presentation of the president as an extraordinary person, the politician-legend, the strategy of agitation - the motivation to support the politician-speaker. Each strategy is implemented using appropriate communication tactics and language tools.

(W)riting and (de)scribing martyrdom: The church’s construction of Manche Masemola

The purpose of this article is to describe how the Manche Masemola narrative crafts and constructs her as a martyr; dying in defence of her faith in the face of fierce religious competition between her Sepedi culture and Anglican faith. Manche is constructed as an extraordinary person who symbolises Virtue, battling with Vice. This article will examine Manche’s personality, and how the various commentators put her against unbearable conditions which only an extraordinary person can face. Tropes of torture, sacrifice and persecution will receive attention as instruments to construct martyrdom. This article will use primary and secondary data available to collect data. Data will be broken into themes and analysed using a narrative method.Contribution: This article continues a long debate of martyrdom and sainthood. It probes further the polysemous nature of martyrdom, its complexity, as well as the politics that go with it.

MEMORY OF PETRO DMYTROVYCH SHUST

On September 4, 2020, at the 82nd year, died a well-known scientist in the branch of technology for the production the products of livestock, candidate of agricultural sciences Petro Dmytrovych Shust.
 D. Shust was born on January 23, 1939 in the village of Plysetsky, Vasylkiv district, Kyiv region. In 1957 he entered the zootechnical faculty of the Ukrainian Agricultural Academy, which he successfully graduated in 1962.
 From 1962 to 1975 he worked in the Ternopil region as a senior zootechnician of the regional state pedigree station, main zootechnician of the Borshchiv Administration of Agriculture, manager of the inter-collective farm fattening point, proxy head of the executive committee of the district Council of People's Deputies. From 1975 to 1978 he was the superior guild of the livestock of a specialized farm in production pork (bacon) of the state farm “Kyivsky” in the Kyiv-Sviatoshynskyi district of the Kyiv region. From 1978 to 1979 he was the main zootechnician of the Republican Trust of Experimental Farms and Elite-Seminal State Farms of Scientifically Experienced Institutions of the Ministry of Agriculture of Ukraine.
 From 1979 to 1996 he was the director of the Experimental Station of the Beef Cattle Husbandry “Vorzel” of the Ukrainian Agricultural Academy. For these years, under his leadership, created a strong material and technical base for the spending the educational process for students and research work of postgraduate students and researchers of the station and the academy. An incubative guild, an experimental greenhouse and a farm-laboratory with fragments of various technologies for keeping and milking cattle, system of manure removal, watering of pastures were built. Working as the director of the station, P. D. Shust in 1986 defended his dissertation.
 In 1996, Petro Dmytrovych worked as a leading zootechnician department of the milk of the Main Administration of Animal Husbandry with the State Pedigree Inspectorate of the Ministry of Agriculture of Ukraine, and from 1997 to 2000 – superior of the production department, proxy general director PU “Kyivtvarynprom”. During his work in the production he four times was elected a deputy of the district and twice the city Councils of People's Deputies, awarded the order “Badge of Honor”, the medal "For Valiant Work", 5 gold and 6 silver medals EAPE of the USSR.
 From 2000 to 2002 – senior researcher of the Laboratory of Feeding and Using Pastures of the Institute of the Beef Cattle Husbandry UAAS, from 2002 to 2011 – manager of the Laboratory of Technology of the Beef Cattle Husbandry of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics NAAS. Working as the manager of the laboratory, Petro Dmytrovych in 2008 received a certificate of a senior researcher in the specialty of technology for the production the products of livestock.
 The scientific work of the scientist was turned at studying the dynamic growth of animal, digestion nutrients of feeds and balance of nitrogen, efficiency of feeds, growth muscular, bony and adipose tissues, transformation of feeds, accumulation of protein in organism and slaughter qualities of animals, raised in conditions of variable regime of feeding. Under his leadership have been developed the following technologies: rational use and preservation of natural forage lands (meadows and pastures); creation of cultivated pastures on the basis of multicomponent grass mixtures of different term of reaching pasture maturity; creation of a pasture conveyor for cattle of the meat direction of productivity. P. D. Shust's scientific achievement include about 100 scientific works, 10 patents and copyright certificates.
 He was an extraordinary person, friendly, frank, sensitive, sincere, truthful man and a professional in his affair. Petro Dmitrievich will forever remain a model for colleagues, friends and relatives. The bright memory of him will live in our hearts.
 The collective of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics nd. a. M.V.Zubets of NAAS.

Образ князя Владимира в литературе для народного чтения (вторая половина XIX в.)

The article analyzes the literature published in the second half of the XIX century for popular reading, dedicated to the life and work of Prince Vladimir of Kiev. One of the main results of his activity was the adoption of Christianity in Russia. This had a profound impact on the political, social and cultural life of the country. Literature for popular reading formed in the minds of people the image of Prince Vladimir as an extraordinary person, a simple and at the same time a great man. He is shown as a statesman who transformed the country, laid the foundations of a new civilization, and simultaneously became a national hero.

МИХАИЛ ВЛАДИМИРОВИЧ КОЗЛЯНИНОВ – УЧEНЫЙ И ЧЕЛОВЕК

More than 30 years have passed since the death of Dr. Mikhail Vladimirovich Kozlyaninov, and fewer and fewer people remain who communicated and worked with him. However, the memory of M.V. Kozlyaninov should not disappear with them. First, because the enormous contribution that he made to the formation and development of ocean optics should not be forgotten. Kozlyaninov - the “founding father” of this science at the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology; under his leadership, the world’s first complex of optical equipment for work in sea expeditions was created; a method for conducting hydro-optical studies in natural conditions was developed, with his direct participation, studies were carried out, many of which were of pioneering nature and made it possible to obtain new essential results. The presented article consists of three sections: a short biography; the main achievements of M.V. Kozlyaninov, their scientific and practical significance; the author’s memoirs about more than 20 years of work and communication with Dr. Kozlyaninov. The author tried to be as accurate as possible in the first two sections; the third section was written precisely from the memories of how the author remembered this bright, extraordinary person.

„Ieškau jūsų mylistos pono po visas keturias pasaulio šalis…“ Antano Kazimiero Sapiegos laiškai Merkinės administratoriui Vaitiekui Kuževskiui

“I AM LOOKING FOR YOUR GRACE IN ALL FOUR CORNERS OF THE WORLD…” LETTERS OF ANTONI KAZIMIERZ SAPIEHA TO ADMINISTRATOR OF MERKINĖ WOJCIECH KURZEWSKI (1720–1732) Researchers have focused for decades on the epistolographic legacy of individuals from various social groups. Letters are a valuable ‘complement’ for other sources, serving as an ‘insight’, giving the narrative a multi-voice, and, depending on the author’s social position, can provide many valuable details unfelt in other types of sources. Correspondence of public officials usually receives most attention from the researchers, because it reveals the mechanisms of the functioning of power. However, letters of the social elite also reveal different aspects of everyday life, including administration of domains, which have gained importance. The basis for this article became the letters by the elder of Merkinė, Antoni Kazimierz Sapieha (1689–1739), to Wojciech Kurzewski, administrator of this domain, kept in the Manuscript section of the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences. Due to his humble duties and difficult financial situation A. K. Sapieha cannot be considered one of the most prominent members of the Sapiehas family, although his persistent ambition to stay out of the “margins” of public life and, in particular, his involvement in 1733–1736 whirlwind of interregnum events, indicates that he was an extraordinary person. This is evidenced by his wide circle of correspondents, among whom we find not only close relatives but also a number of state officials and top hierarchs of the Church. Aspirations of the elder of Merkinė to participate in the political life of the state have already been noticed by the researchers, however his daily economic activities have not been researched at all. Analysis of the letters from the 1720–1732 period by the elder of Merkinė Antoni Kazimierz Sapieha to Wojciech Kurzewski, administrator of this domain, reveal a significant part of A. K. Sapieha’s daily life, i.e. the nature of administration of the domain, which required considerable effort, attention and time from the elder of Merkinė. The article deals with the subject matter of letters, economic activities carried out in the eldership of Merkinė, and requirements for the administrator. All of this provides an opportunity not only to reconstruct the relationship between Sapieha and Kurzewski, but also to see the broader issues that each major landowner has faced (or may have faced). Keywords: eldership of Merkinė; Antoni Kazimierz Sapieha; Wojciech Kurzewski’s correspondence; domain administration.

Mary and William Dyer: Quaker Light and Puritan Ambition in Early New England by Johan Winsser

Reviewed by: Mary and William Dyer: Quaker Light and Puritan Ambition in Early New England by Johan Winsser Steven Jay White Mary and William Dyer: Quaker Light and Puritan Ambition in Early New England. By Johan Winsser. North Charleston, South Carolina: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2017. xii, 345 pp. Notes and index. Paper $24.95. This is a well written and thoroughly researched book. Its self-assigned task is to sort through all the time-worn myths which have circulated about the Quaker martyr Mary Dyer and put them into a proper perspective. This work has a foot in both the "puritan" and Quaker camps of early American history. Winsser does not capitalize "puritan" citing that "recent scholarship has recognized the wide diversity among puritans. Thus, many historians now eschew capitalization, which implies a more [End Page 58] discreetly defined concept and body" (p. 219). Thus, this review will adhere to this practice. The author attempts, successfully, to correct many of the myths surrounding Mary Dyer. She, as a devout Quaker, provides half of the story. Her husband William, identified as a puritan, provides the other half. Mary Dyer is famous in Early American history for her death. She was executed by the Massachusetts puritans in Boston in 1660 as a disruptive force conflicting with their "city upon a hill" and its "errand into the wilderness." After her death, Mary became more and more sanctified. It is this mythology that Winsser wishes to correct. The lore surrounding Mary Dyer over the years has distorted what actually happened. Mary became a legendary figure and this legend produced three identical statues all erected in 1958. Produced by Sylvia Shaw Judson, they were spread across the country in Boston, Philadelphia, and Earlham, Indiana. It would be the Indiana statue that would spark Winsser's interest in Mary Dyer and her husband. Winsser has produced a reliable and readable dual biography of a wife and her husband. The couple's story begins in old England, then travels across the Atlantic to Massachusetts, where it concentrates on the troubles that would cause Mary's death. But the book does not stop with Mary's demise, it concludes only at the death of William and examines the last years of his life without her. The book winds down with an epilogue that discusses the contributions of the couple and their impact on New England. The book concludes with a sampling of letters from both Mary and William which adds depth and puts their story into a proper perspective. Mary Dyer is widely revered as one of the four "Boston Martyrs" hung for religious dissent. She had been twice exiled from the colony and once almost hung to scare her away. But when she returned a third time, she was sentenced to death and executed. While Winsser admits that "by all accounts, Dyer was an extraordinary person," he cautions us to not make more of her in death than she was in life (p. 1). He believes "it is a mistake to cast Dyer and the New England Quakers as progressive proponents of broad religious toleration" (p. 7). Winsser wants to correct the traditional view of the puritans as "radicals . . . certain of their own righteousness" by pointing out that there were sanctimonious radicals on both sides of the Mary Dyer controversy (p. 7). He further states that neither side—Quakers or puritans—were supporters of religious toleration. Mary Dyer, he believes, should not be held up as an icon of religious [End Page 59] freedom. The Quakers, including Mary Dyer, challenged the laws and practices of Massachusetts to provoke a royal response. The Quakers were different from other dissenters because they were willing to suffer persecution and boldly sought it out. And Friends were highly effective in portraying the puritans as the persecuted who became persecutors themselves. Additionally, the Quakers were well funded and organized in their attack on the anti-Quaker laws of New England (p. 9). Winsser broaches the theory that the Mary Dyer Affair was a symbol of the "tension between individual liberties and the state's mandate to govern; between free speech and speech deemed to be offensive or disruptive; between the right...

Who Put the Super in Superhero? Transformation and Heroism as a Function of Evolution.

Transformation and heroism are reciprocally related. Transformation produces an individual that others may call hero; one who inspires, guides, and protects something precious—an ordinary extraordinary person, master of the self. Heroes exhibit the further reaches of human development by transforming into entirely new, resplendent individuals that demonstrate valuable capacities whiles still being mortal. Because transformation is the means through which heroes are made, a more thorough understanding of the forces affecting transformation may advance collective understanding of the demands upon the individual. Founded on the scholarship of seminal authors of depth psychology, East Indian spirituality, anthropology, physics, mythology, Hermetic science, and other disciplines, this paper argues that a hero develops through both natural and supernatural processes, which can eventually produce a transhuman or superhero—depending on one's perspective, one who is natural (bound by nature) and supernatural (beyond nature). If this psychospiritual proposition has merit, advancement from ordinary to hero and from hero to super hero—each resulting from trans-form-ation—constitutes a subtle yet fundamental change in form, a microevolution of a subsect of individuals. The progressive framework begins with a description of patterns of evolution salient to heroism and transformation; an exploration of four key “laws” that govern the realm of matter, which support and delimit the budding hero as an earth-bound human; and an examination of four “supernatural” abilities the initiate must cultivate and enact in order to transform. The heart of the paper is a detailed guide identifying when during the process of transformation, the initiate can expect to receive the support of natural processes, when to be vigilant for beyond nature or Divine intervention, and when to intervene with “supernatural” activities. The framework culminates with an elucidation of how the ordinary yet heroic individual becomes a superhero or transhuman as outlined by spiritual teacher Sri Aurobindo, through three transformations of biopsychosocial maturation and spiritual realization.

The history of the university in the language of documents (by the 100th anniversary of Dmitry Ushakov’s birth)

The compilation of documents was prepared for the 100th anniversary of the Associate Professor of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, director of the Central Scientific Library of the University, hero of the Soviet Union - Dmitry Andriyovych Ushakov. A legendary man, an iconic personality who left a bright page in the 215-year history of the University. The material includes memories about Dmitry`s Andriyovych colleagues, students, friends by Astakhova Valentyna Ilarionivna, a honorary citizen of Kharkiv, Ph.D of History, a professor, Advisor to the rector of Kharkiv Humanitarian University "People's Ukrainian Academy", by Karpov Olexandr Mykolayovych, the Candidate of Historical Sciences, professor, Ukranian People's Deputy of the second/third/forth convocations of the Verkhovna Rada, by Ruban Valery Volodymyrovych, Associate Professor, political technologist. The paper describes the challenging life path of D. A. Ushakov, his participation in the battles at the Kursk Bulge, his commanding of the sapper unit during the forced crossing of the Dnieper River, teaching at the University and the atmosphere in the society of the era of stagnation. The memoirs tell about the conversations of Dmitry Andriyovych with colleagues about the history of the war, the events in the country, the policy of the CPSU, these conversations were absolutely frank, even critically revealing by nature. But, from the other side, holidays joyfully celebrated together, joint rest, everyday meetings with friends and colleagues were also mentioned. From pages of the memoirs all the greatness and at the same time all the modesty of this heroic person appears, it becomes clear for what colleagues respected him so much and highly appreciated the acquaintance with such an extraordinary person as Dmitry Andriyovych Ushakov. The collection also includes personal front-line letters of D. A. Ushakov to his future wife, Ella Vasyliyivna Goncharova.

“The Russian Lessons” by Johannes Baar, Doctor of Philology

This article describes the personality, life, and work of Johannes Baar (1921–2018), doctor of philology, outstanding person, and organiser of seminars on the Russian and German languages in Germany and Soviet and post-Soviet Russia. The authors describe his biography in historical and social context, the circumstances of his personal life, and his vigorous humanitarian work to strengthen the international relations between Germany and Russia. After going through the gruelling ordeal of World War II and captivity, Baar managed to understand the “mysterious Russian soul” and did everything to restore good relations between the German and Russian peoples. Baar was an extraordinary person with a broad outlook, brilliant erudition, and an ability to gather friends and like-minded people around himself. Baar’s life’s work was to spread the Russian language in Germany. In the tense years of postwar misunderstandings, he bridged the gap between Germany and Russia. Baar’s activity relating to the teaching and popularisation of the Russian language received international recognition. He established the oldest International Russian Seminar in Germany in Timmendorfer Strand, which has been working for 53 years and is known all over Europe.

Dr. Arthur Spohn: Surgeon, Inventor, and Texas Medical Pioneer by Jane Clements Monday, Francs Brannen Vick and Charles W. Monday Jr.

Reviewed by: Dr. Arthur Spohn: Surgeon, Inventor, and Texas Medical Pioneer by Jane Clements Monday, Francs Brannen Vick and Charles W. Monday Jr. Watson C. Arnold Dr. Arthur Spohn: Surgeon, Inventor, and Texas Medical Pioneer. By Jane Clements Monday and Francs Brannen Vick, with Charles W. Monday Jr. (College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2018. Pp. 352. Appendices, photographs, notes, bibliography, index.) With access to archives of the South Texas Kenedy ranching family, Jane Clements Monday and Francs Brannen Vick have written a biography of Arthur Spohn, an extraordinary physician who became a member of the family when he married one of Mifflin Kenedy’s daughters, Sarah. Quaker ship captain Mifflin Kenedy partnered with Richard King to make a fortune shipping and selling cotton to the Confederacy, then expanded into cattle ranching by buying up land from Mexican American families. His future son-in-law, Arthur Spohn, was born into a prominent Canadian family in 1845. He attended medical school at the University of Michigan, worked and studied medicine in New York City, then joined the Union Army as a surgeon near the end of the Civil War. The army sent him to join the troops in South Texas, where his brother Henry was also stationed, and over the next decade Spohn practiced medicine. He left military service in 1870. After a brief time in Mier, he settled in Corpus Christi, where he served as a member of the United States Marine Hospital Service for the port. There Spohn met Sarah Kenedy; they married in 1876, and he joined the social elite of South Texas. Spohn’s medical practice carried him hundreds of miles across South Texas on horseback and by carriage, wagon, train, and later by automobile. He was joined in his practice at various times by his brother, his nephew Alexander Hamilton, and other family members. One of the more extraordinary events in his practice concerned his treatment of Henrietta King’s favorite stepbrother, William Chamberlain, who had been attacked by a rabid coyote. Spohn met the wagon carrying the young man to town and, having recently read about the success of Louis Pasteur’s rabies vaccine, he suggested that Chamberlain be taken to France for treatment. Henrietta agreed, and Spohn and the boy began an odyssey that carried them by ship from Galveston to New York, across the Atlantic to France, and by train to Paris. There they interviewed Pasteur, who recommended treatment. Spohn stayed with Chamberlain while he received a series of injections. The patient recovered and survived for many years. Another unusual case involved a woman who suffered from a three hundred-pound ovarian tumor. Spohn describes finding her buried in its mass. He had the good sense to drain it slowly over several weeks, and then he removed it easily by surgery. The patient lived many more years without a recurrence. As he aged, Spohn developed a specialty in the diseases of women and in gynecological surgery, but he recognized a need for a hospital to care for all of the patients in Corpus Christi. He persuaded the Sisters of Charity and the Bishop of South Texas to sponsor a hospital that [End Page 126] has since become the center for a series of clinics and hospitals known as the Christus Spohn Health System. Dr. Arthur Spohn: Surgeon, Inventor, and Texas Medical Pioneer is a welcome addition to the Texas medical history bookshelf. The authors have given us a compelling portrait of an extraordinary person. Watson C. Arnold Fort Worth, Texas Copyright © 2019 The Texas State Historical Association

The Philosophy of Ullin Place. From Mysticism to Materialism

Ullin Place was an extraordinary person. From his early interest in mysticism he later turned to anthropology, which in turn brought him to logical behaviorism. While working on the improvement of logical behaviorism Place formulated the thesis of mind-brain identity, and has thereby founded the identity theory, which is still one of the most influential approaches in contemporary philosophy of mind. At the same time Place continued to see himself as Gilbert Ryle’s follower; he insisted that the ongoing discussions about the metaphysics of consciousness are meaningless because the philosophical problem is already solved and the time for empirical research has come. The paper shows how Place’s biography was interrelated with the development of his materialistic philosophy, how his article “Is Consciousness a Brain Process?” relates to the rest of his work, and how this article has influenced the debates in philosophy of mind in the second half of the twentieth century.

‘STEPPENWOLF’. TOWARDS THE BIOGRAPHY OF BORIS VILDЕ

Numerous works have been written about the young Russian еmigrе writer Boris Vildе (1908–1942), a late hero of the French Resistance, who was executed by Nazi occupants. Descriptions of his personality are often contradictory, and each account is very precious. The article introduces and examines new, hitherto unpublished material about Vildе: it includes the letters of his wife’s mother Myrra Lot-Borodina, a famous French scholar of religions and philologist of Russian origins, to her sister, the Leningrad-based historian Inna Lyubimenko, from the Petersburg archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The letters provide a number of unique and valuable facts and observations about Vildе and his personality. Another discovery for the studies of Vildе, the correspondence between the famous French author Andrе Gide and his friend, the translator Dorothy Bussy, is quoted to enrich our knowledge about Vildе. It follows that A. Gide took Vildе under his wing and actively supported his relocation from Germany to France. As a result, far from resembling his stereotypical and slick image, Vildе is revealed as an extraordinary and heroic person.

In memory of Thomas Turpin Bannister (1930-2018).

Tom Bannister (1930-2018) was an extraordinary person and a remarkably productive scientist. He began his career studying the basics of photochemistry, biophysics, and biology of photosynthetic pigments and later moved on to primary production of algae. His publications on modeling of primary production rates in aquatic systems are among the most widely cited in the field of phytoplankton ecology. His scientific enthusiasm was contagious, and his knowledge of photosynthesis and phytoplankton ecology enabled him to wisely mentor an impressive group of graduate students. He encouraged his students to strike out on their own but was always supportive and caring. Tom had a great love of life and nature, and he had a wonderful sense of humor. His students and those with whom he interacted remember him with great fondness. We have included here remembrances from some of us as well as from Rich Dempsey; Michael (Mike) Johnson; Stephen Lien; Janet Pelley; Bruce Selman; and Rudy Slovacek.

Хірурґ, Вчений, Вчитель, Людина. Присвячується 90-річчю від дня народження Ореста Володимировича Фільца

The article is devoted to the 90th anniversary of the birth of an outstanding Ukrainian surgeon, scientist, thinker, extraordinary person, founder of his own surgical school, head of the Department of Surgery FPDO Lviv National Medical University, Professor Orest Volodymyrovych Filts. The biographical data and the merits are presented. Also memorable highlights of his life are reminded by his grateful students. Key words: professor Filts Orest Volodymyrovich, surgeon, scientist, teacher, person

Neel Doff – pisarka niezwykła. Między naturalizmem, populizmem, feminizmem a autofikcją

Neel Doff (1858–1940) is an extraordinary person in the history of Belgium literature. Extreme poverty and humiliation she had experienced in her early days are the main topic of her work. However, she does not document her life. It is more akin to a literary testimony of a growing self-consciousness, through which a social and cultural advancement of both the author and her character was made possible. The analysis included in the article is focused on her most outstanding work – the trilogy of “hunger and despair”.Key words: belgian literature; naturalism; populism; feminism; autofiction; identity;