Participation In Extracurricular Activities Research Articles

Testing mediational processes of substance use relapse among youth who participated in a mobile texting aftercare project

Background The goal of this paper is to advance the understanding of mechanisms of action involved in behavioral-driven aftercare interventions for substance use disorders (SUDs) among youth populations. This paper reports data from a study that measured the impact of an aftercare intervention on primary substance use relapse among youth who completed treatment in Los Angeles County for SUDs. The aftercare intervention, Project ESQYIR-Educating and Supporting inQuisitive Youth In Recovery, utilized text messaging to monitor relapse and recovery processes, provide feedback, reminders, support, and education among youth from SUD specialty settings during the initial 3-month period following treatment completion. Method: Mediational modeling informed by Baron and Kenny was used to examine the extent to which select recovery processes including participation in extracurricular activities and self-help, were impacted by the texting intervention, and if such processes helped sustain recovery and prevent primary substance use relapse. The data come from a two-group randomized controlled pilot study testing the initial efficacy of a mobile health texting aftercare intervention among 80 youth (M age= 20.7, SD = 3.5, range: 14–26 years) who volunteered to participate after completing SUD treatment between 2012 and 2013. Results: Among the two recovery processes examined in the mediational modeling, only involvement in extracurricular activities mediated the effects of the texting aftercare intervention on reductions in primary substance use relapse; not self-help participation. Conclusion: Findings from this pilot study offer greater understanding about potential recovery-related mechanisms of action of mobile aftercare interventions. Mobile texting was found to promote increased engagement in recovery-related behaviors such as participation in extracurricular activities, which mediated the effects of the mobile aftercare intervention on decreasing primary substance use relapse. Findings suggest mobile approaches may be effective for increasing adherence to a wide-array of recovery behavioral regiments among youth populations challenged by complex behavioral issues.

The Expansion of High School Students' Participation in Extracurricular Activities and the Transformation of Learning Behavior: An Analysis of Surveys Conducted in 1990 and 2006, Focusing on High School Rank and Social Strata

The Expansion of High School Students' Participation in Extracurricular Activities and the Transformation of Learning Behavior: An Analysis of Surveys Conducted in 1990 and 2006, Focusing on High School Rank and Social Strata

Pedagogical conditions for financial literacy development among future lecturers at the university

Abstract. In modern conditions, there are more and more new and difficult to understand financial instruments and that complicates the development and expansion of their use. We consider the importance of improving the financial literacy among future lecturers at the university, as well as propose ways of solving the improvement of financial literacy among students. The purpose of the article is to confirm the effectiveness of the implementation of pedagogical conditions for the development of financial literacy of future teachers at the university. The following pedagogical conditions are: organization of purposeful work to increase students’ interests in obtaining financial knowledge, skills and abilities through active participation in extracurricular activities; development and implementation of an additional program “Financial Literacy” in the educational process; use of the financial literacy project method as a form of independent work of students in the study of the discipline “Economics of Education”. The scientific novelty of the research is as follows: developed and justified pedagogical conditions contribute to the effectiveness of the development of financial literacy of future lecturers at the university. The experimental base of the study was the budgetary institution of higher education “Surgut State University”. Research methods: generalization, analysis and synthesis of information, comparison. The developed additional program can be applied in the practice of teaching in educational institutions in order to improve the quality of students’ training.

Evaluation of the effect of physical activity on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in school-aged children

Introduction: Physical activity is one of the essential factors in maintaining health and healthy body weight. As the pandemic of overweight and obesity continues to grow, it is crucial that children follow the recommended standards for physical activity from an early age. Both overweight and obesity are associated with an increased risk of diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and cancer. Excess body weight in childhood favors the maintenance of this problem in adulthood. Purpose of the study: The aim of the study was to evaluate the level of physical activity among school-aged children, to analyze individual components of body composition and to determine the influence of physical activity on maintaining normal body weight. Material and methods: We undertook to assess the physical activity levels of 245 school-aged children (7-15 years). was examined and analyzed the body composition of the study participants, and then the correlation of the level of physical activity with the maintenance of normal individual components of body composition was calculated. Results: Only 61% of childrens were characterized by normal body weight appropriate for their age. In the group of children declaring participation in extracurricular sport activities, the number of subjects with normal body weight was 65%, while in the group of subjects who declared no extracurricular activity of any kind, the percentage was 58%. Conclusions: It turned out that the number of children engaged in physical activity outside of school is alarmingly low. The study showed that children who participated in any extracurricular sport activity were more likely to maintain normal body weight and less likely to be overweight or obese.

Economic Strain and Adolescent Violence. Are extracurricular activities a conditioning effect?

This article examines the extent to which participation in sports acts as a conditioning effect to the relationship between economic disadvantage and adolescent violent delinquency. Deriving hypotheses from general strain and social control theories, we use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to test if type of extracurricular activity participation diminishes the risk of economic disadvantage on violent delinquency. In support of social control theory, the direct effect of academic clubs and performing arts is negatively associated with adolescent violence. Additionally, analyses indicate that participation in contact sports decreases the relationship economic disadvantage and violent delinquency when other strain controls are added including race/ethnicity, family structure, lack of parental supervision, etc. Overall findings are expected of the social control conditioning effect of general strain theory.

Chinese preschoolers' extracurricular activity involvement: Child temperament and school readiness as predictors

Child participation in organized extracurricular activities (EAs) has attracted increasing scholarly attention. This study examined how child temperament and school readiness predicted EA participation trajectories among 345 Chinese preschoolers (MeanAge = 55.87 months at T1). On average, children showed linear increases in their overall EA participation. Structural equation modeling showed that children with higher negative affect had lower initial levels of EA participation. However, children with more difficult temperament (i.e., higher surgency or negative affect) or those with better school readiness showed faster increases in EA involvement. Interaction effects between child temperament and school readiness on EA participation trajectories were also found. School readiness was positively related to children's initial levels of EA participation among children with relatively low negative affect. Better school readiness predicted faster increases in EA participation only among children with relatively high surgency. The findings revealed how children's developmental characteristics may help shape their extracurricular contexts.

The Relationship Between Participation in Extracurricular Activities and Academic Achievement of FIK Uncen Students Class of 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of participation in extracurricular activities with the academic achievement of FIK Uncen students class 2017. The reason behind the researcher lifting the title of this research is because students' interest in extracurricular is so low. In essence, where extracurricular activities have a relationship with academic achievement. This research includes correlational research. The sample in this study were FIK Uncen 2017 students, totaling 26 people. There are two data collection instruments used, namely questionnaires used to measure participation in extracurricular activities and documentation (Study Results) to see the academic achievements of FIK Uncen 2017 students. The data collection techniques used were in three stages, namely interviews, distributing questionnaires, and achievement data. academic. There are two stages of data analysis technique, namely expert judgment validity testing and hypothesis testing with product moment correlation with the help of the SPSS version 22.0 program. The results showed that the p value of 0.036 was smaller than the alpha value (α) of 0.05, which means that there is a significant relationship between participation in extracurricular activities and academic achievement of FIK Uncen students class 2017.

Assessment of the influence of physical activity and screen time on somatic features and physical fitness in 6 to 7-year-old girls

Aim of the study is to assess the relationship between screen time, physical activity and physical fitness among girls 6–7 years-old.
 21,528 girls aged 6 and 7 from Poland were assessed in terms of physical fitness. Arm strength, abdominal strength and explosive strength of the lower limbs were measured using the EUROFIT test. Basic somatic features were measured and BMI and WHtR indices were calculated. Spontaneous and organized physical activities as well screen time were assessed by the parents utilizing a questionnaire. The multiple logistic regression method was used to evaluate the influence of screen time and spontaneous physical activity on various components of physical fitness.
 Physically active (PA) girls (≥1h/day) and those who participated in additional physical activities (APA) during the week had significantly higher height, weight, and BMI (p<0.001), but not WHtR. They had a higher level of flexibility, explosive strength of the lower limbs and arm strength (p<0.001). With an increase in screen time, the BMI, WHtR increased significantly and explosive strength of the lower limbs, abdominal strength and arm strength were lower. Regression analysis showed that more frequent participation in extracurricular activities increased the values of BMI and WHtR in quartile 4 (Q4), and strength components: Q2–Q4 (p<0.05). Spontaneous physical activity was positively related to the values of BMI, WHtR (both: Q4; p<0.05), explosive force of lower limbs (Q3–Q4; p=0.001), and negatively related to arm strength (Q2; p=0.001). Screen time (≥2hrs/day) increased odds for higher BMI values (p<0.05). Each screen time category decreased the odds of achieving abdominal muscle strength related to the quartiles: Q2–Q4 (p<0.05), arm strength (Q4: p<0.05). ST (1 <2hrs/day) decreased arm strength (Q3; p= 0.045). Our research has shown that screen time-related sedentary behavior and physical activity affect overweight and obesity indices (especially BMI) and strength abilities. The observed associations more often affected girls with a higher level of fitness The results observed in girls aged 6-7 indicate a need for early intervention aimed at limiting time spent watching TV and computer use, as well as to encourage both spontaneous and organized physical activities.

Differential associations between extracurricular participation and Chinese children's academic readiness: Preschool teacher–child interactions as a moderator

Participation in organized extracurricular activities (EAs) is becoming increasingly prevalent among young children in China and worldwide. As an important microsystem of child development, EA involvement is likely to interact with other microsystems in relation to child outcomes. The current study focused on the interaction between EA participation and the quality of preschool education, specifically the quality of teacher–child interactions, in relation to children's academic readiness. This study included 443 Chinese preschoolers (Mage = 5.08 years) from 49 preschool classrooms. Parents reported children's EA participation. Preschool teacher–child interactions were assessed using the Classroom Assessment Scoring System. Children's academic readiness was measured using one-on-one tasks. The results showed that although EA participation was not related to child academic readiness, the quality of preschool teacher–child interactions (i.e., emotional support and instructional support) moderated the association between EA participation and children's academic readiness (the slope variance reduction was between 12.7% and 17.5%). Specifically, the significant associations found suggest that EA participation could have a small compensatory effect on academic readiness for children experiencing very low emotional support in preschool; however, EA participation had a small negative association with academic readiness when children were already exposed to high emotional or instructional support in preschool. The findings highlight that EA involvement may not always produce beneficial outcomes in young children and that exposing children to high-quality classroom interactions in preschool is a key to fostering positive development.

FUTURE EDUCATOR TRAINING TO ACQUAINT PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH MUSICAL PROFESSIONS

The article highlights the theoretical and methodological principles of future educators of preschool education institutions training to acquaint children with music professions. Emphasis is placed on the sensitivity of preschool age for the development of children's musicality and interest in professions. It is emphasized that the formation of competence to acquaint preschoolers with musical professions takes place in the process of professional training of students majoring in Preschool Education in higher educational institutions and involves the implementation of three components. The cognitive component covers the system of formation of students’ knowledge about the psychological and pedagogical features of preschool children’s development, musical professions, purpose, tasks, content, methods, and forms of organization of preschoolers’ musical education. The activity component is characterized by the process of formation of competencies to plan and implement musical and didactic games to acquaint preschool children with the professions of a singer, an instrumentalist, a conductor, a composer, a DJ, a sound director, etc. The article presents the characteristics of one of the effective methods of their formation, namely the introduction of game technologies in the educational process of preschool educational institutions. The reflective component involves checking future educators’ readiness to acquaint preschool children with music professions on the basis of their competencies in the organization of play activities with students, the implementation of musical and didactic games in preschool educational institutions during teaching practice, participation in various informal extracurricular activities.

The Impact of a Resident's Sense of Control on Burnout in Orthopaedic Surgery Residency.

Physician burnout is a barrier to the patient-centered approach to health care. One of the driving factors of resident burnout is the decreased level of control that residents have over their everyday lives. Providing residents with a sense of control over their lives and their jobs increases job satisfaction and leads to a decrease in reports of negative effects on health, rest, participation in extracurricular activities, and time with family.

Perceptions of Parenting, Parent-Child Activities and Children's Extracurricular Activities in Times of COVID-19.

The purpose of this study was to explore perceptions of parenting and parent-child activities in American families with children aged 0–16 after social distance measures were put in place. Through an online questionnaire, we examined the extent to which parental role, age, education, and perceptions of work productivity impacted parent perceptions of six parenting categories (positive parenting, inconsistent discipline, positive relationships, positive emotions, self-efficacy, and routine management) during the initial months of the pandemic. We also examined children’s participation in extracurricular activities, before and after measures of social distancing were implemented. Perceptions of parenting did not differ based on parental roles, education and age, but work productivity had an impact on parents’ perceptions of their own feelings and emotions. Parents who described themselves as highly productive reported higher scores for positive emotions, suggesting a link between work and parental wellbeing. A discrepancy was found between the activities that parents liked and disliked doing with their children, with homework and academic activities being the least liked of all. Children’s participation in extracurricular activities was also significantly reduced after social distancing was mandated, with arts activities (music in particular) suffering the least amount of reduction. Findings are discussed considering earlier studies on parenting during COVID-19 and concerted cultivation. Implications for future parenting research are outlined.

Casino Gambling in Adolescents: Gambling-Related Attitudes and Behaviors and Health and Functioning Relationships.

Recreational and problem gambling have been linked with adverse health and functioning outcomes among adolescents. Youth may gamble and engage in other risk-taking behaviors in casinos. There are limited data available regarding casino gambling in high-school students, and factors linked to adolescent gambling in casinos have yet to be systematically investigated. To address this gap, we analyzed cross-sectional data from 2010 Connecticut high-school students with chi-square tests and logistic regression models to examine casino gambling in relation to at-risk/problem gambling (ARPG) with respect to sociodemographic characteristics, gambling perceptions & attitudes, health/functioning measures and gambling behaviors. Approximately 11 % of adolescents acknowledged gambling in casinos. ARPG was more frequent and gambling perceptions were more permissive among adolescents endorsing casino gambling. Stronger relationships between ARPG and heavy alcohol and drug use and weaker relationships between ARPG and engagement in extracurricular activities, gambling with friends, gambling with strangers and gambling for financial reasons were observed among adolescents endorsing casino gambling. In conclusion, gambling in casinos was endorsed by a sizable minority of adolescents who gamble, and prevention efforts should consider targeting permissive attitudes towards gambling, adolescent drinking and participation in extracurricular activities when addressing underage casino gambling.

Academic experiences, physical and mental health impact of COVID-19 pandemic on students and lecturers in health care education

BackgroundIn keeping with nation-wide efforts to contain the spread of COVID-19, Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD) transformed fully its pedagogical delivery to online mode, where we investigated teaching and learning experiences, physical and mental health of undergraduate students and lecturers during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study on undergraduate students and lecturers in a health science faculty using a self-developed pretested questionnaire through anonymous online data collection method.ResultsFifty-six lecturers (100% response rate) and 279 students (93.3% response rate) participated. The positive experiences reported by students include becoming independent (72.8%) and adapting to online learning (67.4%), while lecturers learned new teaching techniques (50.0%) and became more innovative (50.0%) by learning new tools (48.2%). However, studying at home caused students to feel more distracted (72.0%) with a feeling of uncertainty towards examinations (66.7%), while lecturers felt that students’ laboratory skills were compromised (44.6%). Even though online delivery of assessments enabled lecturers to explore all options (50.0%), they found it difficult to maintain appropriate questions (41.1%) and fair assessments (37.5%). Majority of students missed eating out (68.8%) and felt a lack of participation in extracurricular activities (64.9%), while lecturers reported more time for exercise (51.8%), despite having more screen time (50.0%) and computer-related physical stress (44.6%). In terms of mental health, increased stress in students was reported (64.9%), though they had more time for self-reflection (54.8%). Although lecturers reported a closer relationship with family (44.6%), they also felt more stressed due to deadlines, unexpected disruptions and higher workloads (44.6%) as well as concerns related to work, family and self (39.3%).ConclusionIn this abrupt shift to online teaching, students and lecturers in our study identified both positive and negative experiences including the impact on their physical and mental health. Our findings are important to provide the evidence for online pedagogical benefits and can serve to promote the enhancement and adaptation of digital technology in education. Our findings also aim to promote the importance of addressing physical and mental health issues of the university community’s well-being through provision of emotional and mental health support and appropriate programs.

Impact of Extracurricular Activities on Secondary Level Students' Academic Performance

This research paper sought to investigate the impact of extracurricular activities onsecondary level students. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, it wasrevealed that extracurricular activities provide a number of benefits to students at the secondary level. These benefits include improved academic performance, increased social skills, better time management skills, and improved self-esteem. Furthermore, the findings suggest that participation in extracurricular activities canhelp to reduce the risk of negative behaviors such as substance abuse, delinquency, and violence. The study concluded that there is a positive relationship betweeninvolvement in extracurricular activities and academic success and that schoolsshould prioritize extracurricular activities for their students.

The burden of pharmacological treatment on health-related quality of life in people with a urea cycle disorder: a qualitative study

BackgroundUrea cycle disorders (UCD) are inborn errors of metabolism, typically presenting neonatally. Excess ammonia builds rapidly within the body risking hyperammonemic episodes and potentially death. Long-term management of the condition includes restrictive protein consumption, pharmacological interventions and, in extreme cases, liver transplantation. Pharmacological treatments such as sodium benzoate and sodium phenylbutyrate have proven effective but not without a multitude of negative attributes including poor taste, higher dosage and associated gastrointestinal discomfort that impacts health-related quality of life. Glycerol phenylbutyrate (GPB) has recently become a widely available pharmacological treatment with early reports of improved qualities, including taste and administration method. The following study aims to explore the burden of pharmacological treatment and the effects of the transition to GPB on health-related quality of life in people with a UCD.ResultsNine carers of children living with a UCD (mean age = 12.44, SD = 10.26) were interviewed regarding their experiences of pharmacological treatment in relation to their, and their child’s, health-related quality of life after transitioning to GPB. Three main themes were identified: psychological health, physical health and social participation. Carers struggled with anxiety surrounding their child’s condition and the battle of administering medication. Medication administration was perceived to have improved since the transition to GPB, alleviating distress for both carer and child. Issues involving school were described, ranging from difficulties integrating their child into mainstream schooling and the impact of treatment on participation in school and extracurricular activities. Carers encountered issues sourcing syringes to administer GPB, which induced stress. It could be suggested that some burden had been relieved by the transition to GPB. However, it appeared that difficulties associated with the illness would persist despite treatment, owing to the continuing nature of the condition.ConclusionsAdhering to a strict pharmacological regime caused immense stress for both carers and children, severely impacting on typical social activities such as eating at a restaurant or going on holiday. GPB was perceived to have alleviated some burden in terms of administration given improved characteristics concerning taste and dosage, important characteristics for both carers and children living with UCD. Practitioners should consider these findings when making clinical decisions for children with UCD and the effect of pharmacological treatment on carer’s health-related quality of life. Outreach work to facilitate greater understanding of the condition should be conducted with key locations, such as children’s schools. This would also help to alleviate carer burden.

Profile of Girl Students Studying in Higher Agricultural Education

Present study was conducted during the academic session 2020-21in the College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur, India taking 139 girl students randomly studying in B.Sc.(Ag.), M.Sc.(Ag.) and Ph. D. programmes. In this investigation, ''Ex-Post-Facto” research design was used. Socio-personal, communicational-situational, economic and psychological variables were independent variables to study the attitude (dependent variable) of girl students. Different empirical measures and structured schedule were used to know the variables of the study. Scale developed by Heatherton and Polivy [1] for assessment of level of confidence and scale adopted by Ajit [2] and further, used by Hallar (1963) were applied for reckoning the occupational aspirations. Results of the study indicate that majority (77.70%) of the respondents was under 22 years having OGPA between 7.00 to 8.00. Leaving 3.60 per cent of illiterate mothers, all students’ parents were literate. Data also reveals that nearly one third (33.81%) of the students belonged to high family income group whereas, 23.74 per cent belonged to low and 42.45 per cent belonged to medium family income group. Most of them (74.10%) were from OBC, SC/ST categories and nearly two-third of them (63.31%) had medium to very high participation in extra-curricular activities. Majority (64.75%) was from rural background and 54.68% of the respondents used to visit the library either twice or once in a week. More than one third students (35.25%) under study were found using internet at medium level. More than three-fourth (75.54%) of the students’ parents had agriculture, animal husbandry and service as their occupation whereas majority (63.31%) of them was small and marginal farmers. On further analysis, it was seen that 49.64 per cent of the responding students had high level of confidence whereas, majority (79.86%) had medium to high level of occupational aspiration.

Friends Matter: The Relationship Between Korean International Students’ Friendship Networks and Study Abroad Outcomes

This study examined the determinants of international students’ interactions with different friendship networks and the relationships of these interactions with study abroad outcomes, using data from 482 Korean college students who had participated in international student exchange programs. The results showed that students’ participation in extracurricular and off-campus activities while studying abroad was significantly related to their interactions with local and other international students. The results also showed that students’ interactions with co-national, local, and other international students while studying abroad were positively associated with their intercultural competence, personal development, and career development, even after controlling for other variables. We discuss the policy implications of these findings beyond the Korean context.

Extracurricular activities and peer relational victimization: Role of gender and school social norms

ABSTRACT Participation in extracurricular activities is associated with positive developmental indicators and wellbeing. However, involvement in some activities may place adolescents at-risk for peer victimization. This study focuses on the effect of participating in sports and academic/arts extracurricular activities on relational victimization, focusing on the role that gender (stereotypical activities for boys and girls) and school norms (proportion of participation) might have in this association. The study uses data from the Chilean National Survey on Violence in the School Context (ENVAE, 2014), considering a national representative sample of 38,286 7th to 12th graders. Results indicate that for boys breaking school social norms is associated with experiencing victimization, whereas for girls breaking gender norms increases their likelihood of being victimized. Implications for research and intervention are discussed.

Institutional correlates of public service motivation: family, religion, and high school education

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence of the extent to which social institutions play a role in the development of public service motivation (PSM). This study investigates institutional factors affecting first-year undergraduate students’ PSM, focusing on family, religion, and high school education in Korea. It uses two-wave survey data collected from first-year undergraduate students at a public university in Korea (n = 202). The test results show that parental teaching and participation in extracurricular activities (creative experiential learning activities) are positively associated with overall PSM and most of its individual dimensions, and religion is positively associated with the dimension of commitment to public values. This study provides support for the process theory holding that PSM is influenced by social institutions throughout an individual’s childhood and adolescence. The implications and limitations of this study are also discussed.