Extract Of Syzygium Cumini Research Articles

Effects of crude hydroalcoholic extract of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels leaves and continuous aerobic training in rats with diabetes induced by a high-fat diet and low doses of streptozotocin

Ethnopharmacological relevanceThe leaves of Syzygium cumini (L.) or Skeels (Myrtaceae) are widely used in Brazilian folk medicine to treat diabetes. Aim of the studyThe present study evaluated the functional capacity, biochemical parameters, oxidative stress and DNA damage from eight weeks of intervention with a crude hydroalcoholic extract of S. cumini leaves (EBH) and continuous aerobic training (TAC) in diabetic (D) rats. Materials and methodsA hydroalcoholic (50%) extract was prepared by ultrasound and phytochemical parameters (total phenols, total tannins and myricetin content) were analyzed. Thirty-seven male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: normoglycemic controls (CONT), diabetic controls (D-CONT), diabetics treated with extract (D+EBH), trained diabetic (D+TAC) and diabetics treated with extract and trained (D+EBH+TAC). Functional capacity was assessed with a maximum exercise capacity test; biochemical parameters with enzymatic kits; oxidative stress by superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and oxidized dichlorofluorescein (DCF), and the DNA damage by the comet assay. ResultsThe D+TAC and D+EBH+TAC groups showed better functional capacity at the end of interventions. The D+EBH group showed glucose and triglyceride reduction, lowest DNA damage index in the blood, liver, kidney, heart, lung and gastrocnemius muscle, improved SOD levels in the liver, kidney and lung, improved CAT levels in the kidney and lower lipid peroxidation in all tissues studied, compared to the D-CONT group. The exercise (D+TAC) was effective in reducing triglycerides, improving SOD levels in the lung, reducing lipid peroxidation in all tissues studied and reducing the DCF oxidation in the kidney, in addition to protecting against DNA damage in the blood and heart. However, the additive effect of the intervention protocols when combined (EBH+TAC) was observed only in improving the gastrocnemius SOD levels. The phytochemical analyses showed a high content of phenols and the presence of myricetin glycosides. ConclusionThe findings in this study suggest a crude hydroalcoholic extract of S. cumini leaves has potential hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and protective properties acting against oxidative stress and against DNA damage, probably due to its phenols and myricetin glycoside content and the antioxidant properties of these constituents. Moreover, exercise was suggested to have beneficial effects on diabetes, improving functional capacity, ameliorating blood triglyceride control and decreasing lipid peroxidation, but with no effects on ameliorating blood glucose levels. The association of intervention protocols presented an additive effect on the antioxidant SOD activity in the muscle cells of diabetic rats.

Syzygium Cumini Reduces Vcam-1 and Icam-1 Expression in Endothelial Cells Induced by Plasma from Preeclamptic Patients

The present study sought to investigate a role for Syzygium cumini on VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression in endothelial cells induced by plasma from preeclamptic patients. Endothelial cells were obtained from human umbilical vascular endothelial cells. At confluency, endothelial cells were divided into five groups, which included control (untreated), endothelial cells exposed to 2% plasma from preeclamptic patients (PP), endothelial cells exposed to PP in the presence of ethanolic extract of Syzygium cumini (PP + SC) at the following three doses: 100; 200; and 400 ppm. Analysis of ICAM-1 and VCAM-2 level were done by immunohistochemistry technically. This increase in VCAM-1 was significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated by both the 200 and 400 ppm treatments of Syzygium cumini extract. Plasma from PP significantly increased ICAM-1 levels compared to untreated cells. This increase in ICAM-1 was significantly attenuated by the 400 ppm doses of the extract. In conclusion, Syzygium cumini extract prohibits the increase in VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in endothelial cells induced by plasma from preeclamptic patients. Therefore this may provide a natural therapy for attenuating the adhesion molecule induced by endothelial dysfunction found in this pregnancy complication.

Nanoparticles containing aqueous seed extract of Syzygium cumini (npasc) protect against oxidized LDL particles in vitro

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous group of metabolic disorders which affects over 10% of the world population. The diabetes-induced oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) can affect several components of the atherogenic process [1]. Nanodosage forms can provide advantages for herbal drugs, including increase of therapeutic index, improvement of stability and controlled delivery.

Aqueous seed extract of Syzygium cumini (asc) and polymeric nanoparticles (npasc) modulate adenine nucleotide and nucleoside hydrolysis in diabetic rats with candidiasis

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrine and metabolic disease that can cause alterations in platelet function [1]. Extracellular nucleotides such as ATP, ADP and adenosine are important in modulating processes linked to inflammation and thrombosis[2]. Diabetes-mediated changes in immune status may render patients more prone to fungal infections such as those caused by Candida spp[3]. The interest in developing nanostructured systems for improving the bioavailability and protection from physical and chemical degradation of herbal medicinal products has increased significantly.

Phytosynthesized iron nanoparticles: effects on fermentative hydrogen production by Enterobacter cloacae DH-89

In recent years the application of metal nanoparticles is gaining attention in various fields. The present study focuses on the additive effect of ‘green’ synthesized iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) on dark fermentative hydrogen (H2) production by a mesophilic soil bacterium Enterobacter cloacae. The FeNPs were synthesized by a rapid green method from FeSO4 using aqueous leaf extract of Syzygium cumini. The synthesized FeNPs showed a characteristic surface plasmon resonance peak at 267 nm. The transmission electron microscopy images confirm that the formation of FeNPs was mainly porous and irregular in shape, with an average particle size of 20–25 nm. The presence of iron (Fe) in the synthesized FeNPs was confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The comparative effect of FeSO4 and FeNPs on batch fermentative H2 production from glucose was investigated. The fermentation experiments reveal that the percentage and yield of H2 in FeNPs supplementation were increased significantly than the control (no supplementation) and FeSO4 containing media. The maximum H2 yield of 1.9 mol mol−1 glucose utilized was observed in 100 mg l−1 FeNPs supplementation, with two-fold increase in glucose conversion efficiency. Thus, the result suggests that FeNPs supplementation in place of FeSO4 could improve the bioactivity of H2 producing microbes for enhanced H2 yield and glucose consumption.

Protective effect of gallic acid and Syzygium cumini extract against oxidative stress-induced cellular injury in human lymphocytes

Context: Syzygium cumini (Myrtaceae) presents antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic and antibacterial effects; however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action in the immune system are not yet completely elucidated. Objective: This study evaluates the in vitro effect of gallic acid and aqueous S. cumini leaf extract (ASc) on adenosine deaminase (ADA) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) activities, cell viability and oxidative stress parameters in lymphocytes exposed to 2, 2′-azobis-2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride (AAPH). Materials and methods: Lymphocytes were incubated with ASc (100 and 500 µg/ml) and gallic acid (50 and 200 µM) at 37 °C for 30 min followed by incubation with AAPH (1 mM) at 37 °C for 2 h. After the incubation time, the lymphocytes were used for determinations of ADA, DPP-IV and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, lipid peroxidation, protein thiol (P-SH) group levels and cellular viability by colorimetric methods. Results: (i) HPLC fingerprinting of ASc revealed the presence of catechin, epicatechin, rutin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, quercetin, kaempferol and chlorogenic, caffeic, gallic and ellagic acids; (ii) for the first time, ASc reduced the AAPH-induced increase in ADA activity, but no effect was observed on DPP-IV activity; (iii) ASc increased P-SH groups and cellular viability and decreased LDH activity, but was not able to reduce the AAPH-induced lipid peroxidation; (iv) gallic acid showed less protective effects than ASc. Discussion and conclusion: ASc affects the purinergic system and may modulate adenosine levels, indicating that the extract of this plant exhibits immunomodulatory properties. ASc also may potentially prevent the cellular injury induced by oxidative stress, highlighting its cytoprotective effects.

Antimicrobial activities of Syzygium cumini leave extracts against selected microorganisms

Leaves extracts of Syzygium cumini (L) were collected to test their antimicrobial activity. The collected materials were extracted by petroleum ether, methanol and water by using different concentration (15% 10% and 5%). Were obtained and bioassay in vitro for its bioactivity to inhabit the growth of four types of bacteria,namely; ( Staphlococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Bacillus subitils ) and two types of fungi ( Aspergillus niger , and Candida albicans) . The extract of Syzygium cumini leaves showed different activity against the selected bacteria at all concentration levels. By using cup plate diffusion method, petroleum ether extract of Syzygium cumini leaves showed activity against E . coli only. Methanol extract showed variable activity against bacteria in different concentrations especially 15% concentration showed high activity against B. subtilis . Water extract showed variable activity against most of the tested bacteria. E. coli was found to be sensitive to all concentrations.

Syzygium cumini seed extract ameliorates adenosine deaminase activity and biochemical parameters but does not alter insulin sensitivity and pancreas architecture in a short-term model of diabetes.

The effects of the aqueous seed extract of Syzygium cumini (ASc) in a short-term model of diabetes in rats are little explored. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of the ASc on adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity and on biochemical and histopathological parameters in diabetic rats. ASc (100 mg/kg) was administered for 21 days in control and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced (60 mg/kg) diabetic rats. ADA activity, lipoperoxidation (cerebral cortex, kidney, liver and pancreas) and biochemical (serum) and histopathological (pancreas) parameters were evaluated. The main findings in this short-term model of Diabetes mellitus (DM) were that the ASc (i) significantly reverted the increase of ADA activity in serum and kidney; (ii) ameliorated the lipoperoxidation in the cerebral cortex and pancreas of the diabetic group; (iii) demonstrated hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic properties and recovered the liver glycogen; and iv) prevented the HOMA-IR index increase in the diabetic group. Therefore, the ASc can be a positive factor for increasing the availability of substrates with significant protective actions, such as adenosine. Moreover, by maintaining glycogen and HOMA-IR levels, the extract could modulate the hyperglycemic state through the direct peripheral glucose uptake. Our data revealed that the short-term treatment with ASc has an important protective role under pathophysiological conditions caused by the early stage of DM. These results enhance our understanding of the effect of the ASc on the purinergic system in DM.

Evaluation of diuretic activity of Syzygium cumini and its effect on prostaglandin system

The objective of this study briefly focus on the evaluation of diuretic activity and its possible mechanism of action of methanolic extract of Syzygium cumini (MESCS) seeds. The MESCS doses (150 and 300 mg/kg) were orally administered to male Wistar albino rats. Urine volume, urinary excretion, diuretic action, diuretic activity, electrolyte levels in urine, natriuretic, saluretic, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity, were measured in of saline loaded rats at 5 and 24th hour. Plasma creatinine and uric acid were also measured at 24th hour. The oral administration of MESCS increased the urine volume and electrolyte excretion at the 24th hour compared to 5th hour. To assess the involvement of the prostaglandin system in the mechanism of action, oral administration of methanolic extract of S. cumini (300 mg/kg) in association with Lornoxicam (3 mg/kg) reduced urinary and sodium, potassium, and chlorine excretion when compared to MESCS group. The results concluded that MESCS shown maximum diuretic activity at a dose of 300 mg/kg 24th hour and its mechanism involved prostaglandin system.

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Objectives To know the difference of eNOS expression in the exposure of normal serum with preeclamptic serum and Syzygium cumini extract. Methods This study used HUVEC cultures that were already exposed to preeclamptic serum as HUVEC PE model that has dysfunction. Endothelial cells were taken from umbilical cord of female newborns and culture made until a confluent culture was formed. HUVEC cultures were divided into six groups: (1) HUVECs+ Normal Serum (Control), (2) HUVECs+ Preeclamptic serum (HUVECs PE model), (3) HUVECs PE Model+ S.cumini extract 50 ppm, (4) HUVECs PE Model+ S. cumini extract 100 ppm, (5) HUVECs PE Model+ S. cumini extract 200 ppm, (6) HUVECs PE Model+ S. cumini extract 400 ppm. The cultures were incubated for 24 h; immunocytochemistry-painted using primary antibody was used. Endothelial NOS expression was observed using microscopy. Results When eNOS expression in group 1 was compared to group 2 and 5, there were significant differences; on the other hand there were no significant differences between group 1 and group 3, 4, and 6. Group 2 was significantly different from group 5 and 6, not significantly different from group 3 and 4. Group 3 was significantly different from group 5 and 6 but not significantly different from group 4. In group 4, 5 and 6 there were significant differences among each other. In the observation of HUVEC culture that was being exposed by S. cumini it was found that higher S. cumini dosage is given, the higher eNOS expression. Conclusions There were significant differences of eNOS expression between HUVECs preeclamptic model exposed to S. cumini. In HUVECs preeclamptic model exposed by S. cumini, the higher S. cumini dosage the higher eNOS expression. Disclosures K. Keman: None. S. Candra WB: None. T. Olfah: None. T. Olfah: None.

Antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity of Brazilian plants

Leishmaniasis is a major public health problem, and the alarming spread of parasite resistance has increased the importance of discovering new therapeutic products. The present study aimed to investigate the in vitro leishmanicidal activity from 16 different Brazilian medicinal plants. Stationary-phase promastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis and murine macrophages were exposed to 44 plant extracts or fractions for 48h at 37°C, in order to evaluate their antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity, respectively. The most potent extracts against L. amazonensis were the hexanic extract of Dipteryx alata (IC50 of 0.08μg/mL), the hexanic extract of Syzygium cumini (IC50 of 31.64μg/mL), the ethanolic and hexanic extracts of leaves of Hymenaea courbaril (IC50 of 44.10μg/mL and 35.84μg/mL, respectively), the ethanolic extract of H. stignocarpa (IC50 of 4.69μg/mL), the ethanolic extract of Jacaranda caroba (IC50 of 13.22μg/mL), and the ethanolic extract of J. cuspidifolia leaves (IC50 of 10.96μg/mL). Extracts of D. alata and J. cuspidifolia presented higher selectivity index, with high leishmanicidal activity and low cytotoxicity in the mammalian cells. The capacity in treated infected macrophages using the extracts and/or fractions of D. alata and J. cuspidifolia was also analyzed, and reductions of 95.80%, 98.31%, and 97.16%, respectively, in the parasite burden, were observed. No nitric oxide (NO) production could be observed in the treated macrophages, after stimulation with the extracts and/or fractions of D. alata and J. cuspidifolia, suggesting that the biological activity could be due to mechanisms other than macrophage activation mediated by NO production. Based on phytochemistry studies, the classes of compounds that could contribute to the observed activities are also discussed. In conclusion, the data presented in this study indicated that traditional medicinal plant extracts present effective antileishmanial activity. Future studies could focus on the identification and purification of the antileishmanial compounds within these plants for analysis of their in vivo antileishmanial activity.

DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF BARK OF SYZYGIUM CUMINI (LINN.) SKEELS

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the diuretic activity of different extracts of bark of Syzygium cumini (Linn. ) Skeels in Wistar albino rats. Animals were se lected randomly and divided into five groups of six animals each. The test extracts w ere administered orally at a dose of 5 00 mg/kg body weight . F urosemide which was administered at a dose of 1 0 mg/kg body weight i.p. to the rats was used as standard d rug . The diuretic activity was evaluated by determination of urine volume and urinary electrolyte concentrations of sodium, potassium and chloride ions. The findings revealed that the methanol and aqueous extract of Syzygium cumini possesses diuretic activity. Both the extracts have shown an increase in total urine output and increased the excretion of the electrolyte concentrations of sodium and potassium ions significantly. The study concluded that Syzygium cumini

Fungitoxic activity of fruit extracts of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels against plant pathogenic fungi Alternaria alternata and Fusarium oxysporum

This study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of fruits of Syzygium cumini, against the mycelial growth of Alternaria alternata and Fusarium oxysporum. The results showed that ethanolic extract at the concentrations of 7.5 and 9 mg/ml completely inhibited the mycelial growth of A. alternata and F. oxysporum, respectively. While the aqueous extract at a highest tested concentration (37.5 mg/ml) exhibited only 27.86 and 37.23% inhibition of mycelial growth of A. alternata and F. oxysporum, respectively. The spore germination assay also showed the complete inhibition of spore germination of A. alternata and F. oxysporum by ethanolic extract at 50 and 60 mg/ml concentrations, respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration was recorded as 0.039 and 0.156 mg/ml in ethanolic extract and 20 and 6.25 mg/ml in aqueous extract against A. alternata and F. oxysporum, respectively. Phytochemical analysis also showed the presence of high amount of phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins.

Syzygium cumini reduces oxidative stress and matrix metalloproteinase-2 level in endothelial cells induced by plasma from preeclamptic patients

Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether an ethanolic extract of Syzygium cumini is able to decrease lipid peroxidation and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 expression in endothelial cells exposed to plasma from preeclamptic patients. Methods: Endothelial cells were obtained from human umbilical vascular endothelial cells. At confluency, endothelial cells were divided into five groups, which included control (untreated), endothelial cells exposed to 2% plasma from preeclamptic patients (PP), endothelial cells exposed to PP in the presence of ethanolic extract of S.cumini (PP+SC) at the doses of 100, 200 and 400 ppm. Analysis of malondialdehyde (MDA) level as a marker of lipid peroxidation was done colorimetrically. Analysis of MMP-2 level was done by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technically. Results: This increase in MDA was significantly attenuated by both the 200 and 400 ppm treatments of S.cumini extract. Plasma from PP significantly increased MMP-2 levels compared to untreated cells. This increase in MMP-2 was significantly attenuated by the 200 and 400 ppm doses of the extract. Conclusion: In conclusion, Syzygium cumini extract prohibits the increase in oxidative stress and MMP-2 in endothelial cells induced by plasma from preeclamptic patients. Therefore this may provide a natural therapy for attenuating the maternal endothelial dysfunction found in this disease.

The extract of Jamun (Syzygium cumini) seed as green corrosion inhibitor for acid media

The corrosion inhibition of mild steel in hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid solutions by the extract of Syzygium cumini seed was studied using chemical, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, linear polarization, and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The inhibition was assumed to occur via adsorption of the inhibitor molecules on the metal surface. The adsorption of the extract on the mild steel surface obeyed Langmuir’s isotherm. The results obtained showed that the extract of S. cumini could act as an effective inhibitor of the corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric and sulfuric acid media.

Investigation of antigenotoxic potential of Syzygium cumini extract (SCE) on cyclophosphamide-induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in mice

The present study investigated the protective effects of Syzygium cumini extract (SCE; 100 and 200 mg/kg) against genotoxicity and oxidative stress (OS) induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) in mice. Animals were received 14 days pretreatment (oral) of SCE, followed by induction of genotoxicity by CP (40 mg/kg), 24 hours before sacrifice. Mice bone marrow chromosomal aberration assay, micronucleus assay, and sperm abnormality assay were employed for the study. Activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes were also investigated. Phytochemical investigation was done to determine total phenolic and flavonoid content in SCE. Results showed that CP produced a significant increase in average percentage of aberrant metaphases and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) excluding gap, and micronuclei (MN) formation in polychromatic erythrocytes produced cytotoxicity in mouse bone marrow cells and induced abnormal sperms in a male germ line. CP also markedly inhibited the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutahione (GSH) and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Pretreatments with SCE significantly inhibited the frequencies of aberrant metaphases, CAs, MN formation, and cytotoxicity in mouse bone marrow cells induced by CP. SCE also produced a significant reduction of abnormal sperm and antagonized the reduction of CP-induced SOD, CAT, and GSH activities and inhibited increased MDA content in the liver. Total phenolic content present in SCE was 24.68%, whereas total flavonoids were calculated as 3.80%. SCE has a protective effect against genotoxicity and OS induced by CP.

Invitro-Antioxidant activity of the seed and leaf extracts of syzygium cumini

The present research was subjected to screen invitro antioxidant activity of the seed and leaf extract of Syzygium cumini. The antioxidant activity was determined by in vitro methods such as 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay, ABTS Assay, Total antioxidant activity (Phosphomolybdic acid method), Nitric oxide radical scavenging, Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, Total Reducing antioxidant potential, Reducing power. The extract showed significant antioxidant activity in all antioxidant assays when compared to ascorbic acid. The results of this research work are promising thus indicating the utilisation of the seed and leaf of Syzygium cumini as a significant source of natural antioxidants

Leaf Extract of Syzygium cumini Shows Anti-Vibrio Activity Involving DNA Damage

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of an ethanol extract of leaf (EEL) of Syzygium cumini against Vibrio cholerae serogroups Ogawa and Inaba. The antimicrobial activity of EEL was evaluated by the disc diffusion method against multi-drug resistant Ogawa and Inaba. The EEL effectively inhibited the growth of both serogroups. This growth inhibition was accompanied by fragmentation of genomic DNA as revealed by agarose gel electrophoresis. This result suggested that the EEL might inhibit bacterial growth involving DNA damage either through activation of signal transduction pathways or through direct interaction of the metabolites present in the EEL with DNA. Therefore, EEL of S. cumini has potential growth inhibitory activity against multi drug resistant Vibrios. This inhibitory effect of EEL might be explored to develop effective candidate(s) to combat cholera. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v11i1.12483 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 11(1): 25-28, 2012 (June)

Aqueous seed extract of Syzygium cumini inhibits the dipeptidyl peptidase IV and adenosine deaminase activities, but it does not change the CD26 expression in lymphocytes in vitro

Syzygium cumini (Sc) have been intensively studied in the last years due its beneficial effects including anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory potential. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aqueous seed extract of Sc (ASc) in the activity of enzymes involved in lymphocyte functions. To perform this study, we isolated lymphocytes from healthy donors. Lymphocytes were exposed to 10, 30, and 100mg/mL of ASc during 4 and 6h and adenosine deaminase (ADA), dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities as well as CD26 expression and cellular viability were evaluated. ASc inhibited the ADA and DPP-IV activities without alteration in the CD26 expression (DPP-IV protein). No alterations were observed in the AChE activity or in the cell viability. These results indicate that the inhibition of the DPP-IV and ADA activities was dependent on the time of exposition to ASc. We suggest that ASc exhibits immunomodulatory properties probably via the pathway of DPP-IV-ADA complex, contributing to the understanding of these proceedings in the purinergic signaling.

Characterisation of gold nanoparticles synthesised by leaf and seed extract of Syzygium cumini L.

Here, Syzygium cumini leaf extract (LE) and seed extract (SE) were explored for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNP). LE and SE as well as their polar (water) fractions showed potential for GNP synthesis. Comparative synthesis kinetics and morphological characterisation studies revealed the synthesis of smaller sized GNP by LE than SE. Only polar (water) fractions showed potential for GNP synthesis, which are smaller in size compared to their respective extracts. SE contained more polyphenols and biochemical constituents than LE and therefore, showed higher synthesis rate and bigger sized GNP. Atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscope analysis indicated that both extracts and their fractions catalysed the synthesis of spherical GNP. The average size of GNP synthesised by LE, leaf water fraction (LWF), SE and seed water fraction (SWF) were 24, 23, 35 and 32 nm, respectively. Fourier transform infrared analysis identified the biomolecules involved in the synthesis and stability of GNP. This study documented the potential of S. cumini for the synthesis of GNP in addition to silver nanoparticles (SNP). However, nature and types of polyphenols involved in GNP synthesis seem to be different from that involved in SNP synthesis. This might be the possible reason for smaller sized GNP that SNP.