Pepper Extract Research Articles

Sweet pepper extracts using green technology and application of nanocapsule extracts in preparation of ketchup

Sweet pepper extracts using green technology and application of nanocapsule extracts in preparation of ketchup

The effectiveness of the biologically active additive «Activio» using when feeding young ducks

Agricultural poultry has a number of biological features: intensive metabolism and rapid growth, rapid maturity and significant reproductive potential, high body temperature, resistance to many infectious diseases, etc. The scientific article presents the results of an experimental study of the effect of the biologically active additive Activio, which contains essential oils of cinnamon, rosemary, oregano and chili pepper extract, on the productive qualities of young ducks. To realize the set goal, two experimental groups of ducks were formed: 1st group - Peking ducks, 2nd group - Cherry Valley ducks, which were fed the drug Activio as part of a complete and balanced diet in terms of nutrients and energy, at the rate of 100 g ha 1 t of compound feed . It has been established that the introduction of the drug Activio into the diet of young ducks contributes to the increase in feed consumption, live weight gains and the survival of ducklings, which is primarily due to the fact that the essential oils of cinnamon, rosemary, oregano, chili pepper extract have positive, stimulating biological effects. improve the functioning of the digestive, immune, nervous systems and musculoskeletal system. During the breeding of poultry, an important indicator is the average daily feed consumption, which according to the data of the article in the period from 1 to 7 days was 27.15 g/head/day in the ducks of the first group, and 28.41 g/head/day in the ducks of the second group, and in the period from the 22nd to the 28th day, the value of the average daily feed consumption is 259.36 g/go/day in the first group, and 270.36 g/go/day in the ducks of the second group. The use of the drug Activio did not have a negative effect on the body of young ducklings and made it possible to realize the genetic potential of the productivity of ducks, which was more clearly expressed in the young ducklings of the Cherry Valley breed, which was obtained on the basis of Peking ducks through in depth selection using the paternal line 151 and maternal line 102 and has higher growth energy compared to Peking ducks. Key words: ducks, Peking breed, Cherry Valley, feed supplement, «Activio», gains, live weight, preservation.

Piperine Extraction and Encapsulation in Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles

Black pepper, a commonly utilized culinary condiment, holds significant importance in Ayurvedic and Chinese medicinal practices due to its various biological benefits, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. To amplify these attributes and enhance their efficacy in formulations, the utilization of nanocarriers presents a promising approach. Thus, the objective of this study was to obtain a pepper extract, evaluate its constituents, and encapsulate it in polymeric nanoparticles. The ethanol extract of the grains powder had a higher concentration of piperine and better antioxidant activity when compared to whole grains. Pepper extract encapsulation efficiency in terms of piperine concentration was 84.8 ± 3.5%, and a sustained and prolonged release profile was observed, as well as other studies in the literature using polycaprolactone (PCL). The presence of the extract did not change the instability index and the sedimentation velocity of the nanoparticles, as well as the polydispersity index and the zeta potential of nanoparticles. However, there was a difference in the mean size and concentration of particles. This study highlights the potential of PCL nanoparticles as a promising delivery system for black pepper extract, which could have various applications in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, maximizing the benefits of black pepper extract.

PSX-20 Effects of a Phytogenic Supplement Pre- and Post-Calving on Colostrum Yield and Composition, and Cow-Calf Performance

Abstract Objectives were to determine the effects of a phytogenic supplement (a blend of turmeric, capsicum, and pepper extracts), fed pre- and post-calving, on colostrum yield and quality, and cow-calf performance. Twenty-three (BW = 532.08 ± 9.13 kg; age 36 mo) crossbred Angus cows were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups: 1) Not supplemented (CON, n = 7); 2) supplemented with 250 mg· animal-1· d-1 (PHYT250, n = 8); or 3) supplemented with 500 mg· animal-1· d-1 (n = 8) of the phytogenic supplement. Cows were individually fed the supplement from 30 days (± 5 days) pre-calving (d –30) to 60 days (d 60) post-calving. Total colostrum from the left-rear quarter was collected on d 0 (pre-suckling), and d 1, d 2, and d 3 post-calving. Colostrum weight and volume were recorded, and samples (50 mL) were collected and analyzed for percentages of fat, protein, milk urea nitrogen (MUN), other solids, and lactose. Cow BW was obtained on a biweekly basis from d -30 to d 60. Calf BW was measured on d 0, d 30, d 42, and d 60. Data were analyzed as repeated measures using the MIXED procedure of SAS with treatment, day, and their interaction as fixed effects and animal as a random effect. No treatment by day interaction (P = 0.42) nor main effects of treatment and day (P ≥ 0.25) were observed for colostrum volume. Fat concentration tended to be greater (P = 0.07) for PHYT250 and PHYT500 compared with CON. A treatment × day interaction (P = 0.05) was observed for MUN, with PHYT250 being greater than PHYT500 but similar to CON on d1. There was no difference between treatments for all other days for MUN. No treatment by day interactions (P ≥ 0.15) or main effects of treatment (P ≥ 0.16) were observed for other components. However, there were main effects of day (P ≤ 0.02) with protein being greater on d 0 compared with all other days, and other solids and lactose being greater on day 3 compared with all other days. Main effects of day were observed for cow and calf BW (P ≤ 0.01). Cows were heavier on d 28 and d 42, while calves were heavier on d 56 compared with all other days. Even though we did not observe differences in performance, our results suggest that feeding a phytogenic supplement 30 d pre-calving up to 60 d post-calving may impact fat and MUN in colostrum. To complement these data, we are currently evaluating concentrations of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, and IgM) in colostrum and calf blood. Further, milk collections will be performed in specific time-points up to weaning, to evaluate any possible effects of our treatments in milk yield and composition.

Effectivity test of ethanol extract of black pepper (Piper nigrum) against mortality of Aedes aegypti and its effect on midgut morphological changes

Aedes aegypti is the vector of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). Dengue vector management usually depends on synthetic larvicides. However, it can lead to insect resistance and leave chemical pollutant residues. Therefore natural larvicides are needed for their environmentally friendly and do not induce insect resistance. Piper nigrum fruit is expected to contain secondary metabolites beneficial as larvicides to Aedes aegypti. This study aims to test the effectivity of the ethanol extract of Piper nigrum fruit on the mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae and determine the effect of extract exposure on larval midgut morphological changes. The study used a completely randomized design with five experimental groups and four repetitions as follows: K (aquades + 0% extract), P1 (0.25% extract), P2 (0.50% extract), P3 (0.75% extract), P4 (1% extract). Data analysis used one-way ANOVA and continued to the LSD Post hoc test. The extract's effectiveness was analyzed using the probit test and LC50 confirmation. Changes in the morphology of larval midgut were observed descriptively and presented in the form of tables and figures. The results showed that the 1% treatment resulted in the highest larval mortality of 93% and the lowest in the 0.25% treatment of 43%. The LC50 value was 2,666 based on the probit analysis. The ethanol extract of Piper nigrum fruit affected midgut morphological changes of Aedes aegypti larvae characterized by peripheral membrane damage, microvilli thinning, epithelial cell swelling and vacuolation, and basement membrane damage.

Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of “Bang Chang” Thai Cultivar Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum Var. acuminatum)

Capsaicin is found naturally in the Solanaceae family of plants and linked to numerous health advantage. Capsaicin is also responsible for the antimicrobial properties of chili pepper. Thai Capsicum cultivar “Bang Chang chili pepper” (Capsicum annuum var. acuminatum), initially cultivated in Bang Chang subdistrict, Samut Songkhram, Thailand. This study aims to determine bioactive substances such as capsaicin and phenolic content, as well as antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Cutibacterium acnes) and yeast, Candida albicans, and cytotoxicity with human skin fibroblast cells. The TPC and capsaicin in the ethanol extract were 2.50 ± 0.13 mg GAE/g and 0.0104 ± 0.0 mg/100 mL, while in the oil extract were 0.0020 ± 0.0 mg/100 mL and 1.05 ± 0.05 mg GAE/g. Antimicrobial of this chili pepper was found in only oil extract that was inhibited against to C. albicans (inhibition zone = 10.68 ± 0.49 mm) There was preferrable when compared to fluconazole ((inhibition zone = 24.65 ± 0.25 mm). Both extracts (0.0001-1.0 mg/mL) had no effect on human fibroblast cells, implying that they are non-toxic. The finding may imply that non-pungent capsicum strains cannot inhibit bacterial growth due to low amount of phenolics and capsaicin contained. Capsicum variety and temperature of extraction were also affected on their property. As a result, oil extract was favored for C. albicans suppression. This pepper extract can be used as an antifungal agent, and a pharmaceutical formulation must be developed.

A solid lipid particle formulation of long pepper extract reduces pain and astrocyte activation in a rat model of neuropathic pain.

To investigate the effects of solid lipid microparticle (SLM) creams containing a long pepper extract (LPE) or piperine on neuropathy-related pain and the expression of Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as a measure of astrogliosis. Neuropathic pain in male Spraque Dawley rats was induced by sciatic nerve ligation (SNL) and followed by treatment with LPE-SLM, piperine-SLM, capsaicin or vehicle creams. The pain score was assessed by thermal hyperalgesia test. The GFAP expression in the spinal cord was determined by immunohistochemistry. Pain scores were significantly increased after SNL and decreased when treated by LPE-SLM. The number of GFAP immunopositive cells was significantly increased in the SNL rats. Treated by LPE-SLM and capsaicin creams resulted in a significant reduction of the number of GFAP immunopositive cells. The LPE-SLM treated rats showed greater effects than the piperine and capsaicin preparations. The LPE-SLM cream has a potential effect on pain attenuation via a decrease of spinal astrocyte activation-related mechanism. The LPE in SLM preparation could provide an alternative therapeutic strategy for treating neuropathic pain.

Microencapsulation of bioactive compound extracts using maltodextrin and gum arabic by spray and freeze-drying techniques

Microencapsulation techniques establish a protective barrier around a sensitive compound, reducing vulnerability to external influences and offering controlled release. This work evaluates microencapsulation of Brazilian seed known as pink pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) extract incorporated with green propolis extract, (main propolis font from the South America native plant Baccharis dracunculifolia DC) to enhancement antioxidant activity through synergic interaction, comparing to the extracts individually. Four treatments were produced using maltodextrin and combined with gum arabic as encapsulating agent, employing two different microencapsulation technique applied (spray drying and freeze drying) to assess their impact on physicochemical properties. The incorporation of gum arabic into matrix yielded higher encapsulation efficiency values, exhibiting significant differences for both encapsulation techniques. Combining the two encapsulation agents afforded greater protection of the bioactive compounds, resulting in an increase of approximately 31 % in the inhibition of the DPPH● radical. In controlled release analysis, maltodextrin exhibits the best protective effect on total phenolic compounds during intestinal release, whereas combining maltodextrin and gum arabic enhanced protection during gastric phase. Microcapsules may contribute to the protection of important bioactive compound, possessing a wide range of applications such as flavors encapsulation in food industry, lipids, antioxidants and pharmaceutical industry for controlled drug release.

Enhancement of Refrigerated Shelf Life of Foods against Microbial Spoilage Using Indian Spices

AIMS: Evaluation of the effects of treatment of aqueous extracts and powder of spices on enhancement of refrigerated shelf life of vegetables.
 Study Design: Aqueous extract and powder of turmeric (Curcuma longa), black pepper (Piper nigrum), garlic (Allium sativum)and cumin (Cuminum cyminum)were used to enhance refrigerated shelf life of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum), taro roots (Colocasia esculenta), bottle gourd (Lagennaria siceraria)and tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum).
 Place and Duration: The study was made at Shobhit Institute of Engineering & Technology, Meerut during the period of January to December, 2022.
 Methodology: Microbial counts technique was used to evaluate the impact of spice treatment on boiled foods stored in the refrigerator.
 Results: We found that aqueous treatment of spices was not as effective as treatment with powdered spices. Black pepper treatment enhanced the storage life of all four vegetables followed by turmeric, garlic and cumin. The mixed treatment with turmeric, black pepper, garlic and cumin was very effective and safe for consumption for up to 3 days when stored in refrigerator.
 Conclusion: Unconsumed extra foods are commonly stored in refrigerator throughout the world and it is suggested that if the boiled vegetables are treated with a mixture of powder of turmeric + black pepper + garlic + cumin, they may be stored for longer time.

Preparation and Evaluation of In-house Fabricated Floating Tablets of Black Pepper Extract

In folk medicine, Black pepper (Piper nigrum) has found its role as a hepato protective agent, diaphoretic, stomachic and for its aromatic properties. Ayurvedic medicine uses pepper extensively as bio-enhancer. It is known to have antioxidant, antiulcer activity and gastro protective effects. Helicobacter pylori is identified as gastric carcinogen and known to cause gastric cancer through injecting CagA, avirulent toxin, followed by its translocation intoVacA. The present study was designedfor development as well as evaluation of Pepper extract floating tablets for the management of peptic ulcers due by H. pylori. In the current experiment, we have developed gastro-retentive floating tablets of standardized pepper extract. Directly compressed were subjected to evaluation for various in vitro parameters. Floating tabletscontaining ingredients viz Pepper extract, HPMC K100Mhydrophilic polymer, colophony as hydrophobic polymer were used. Sodium bicarbonate was used to generate gas. Lubricants such as Talc and Magnesium stearate were used and to improve compressibility, Lactose was utilized. Directly compressed tablets were then subjected to evaluation. Formulations were optimized based on buoyancy time and considering drug release in vitro.The formulation 3 with the ingredients viz, pepper extract, lactose, HPMC K100M, sodium carbonate, talc, magnesium stearate and colophonyshowed good floating behavior along with improved controlled drug release in comparison with other formulations.We conclude that, the developed formulations can be effectively used to treat ulcers and in the prevention of gastric carcinogenesis.

Anti-cancer Properties of Dietary Supplement CELNORM against Colon and Lung Cancer: An in vitro preliminary study

Cancer is a complex disease characterized by a cascade of events that culminate in the accumulation of several genetic alterations. Because of the high incidence and mortality rate, scientists began seeking novel medications that were harmful to cancer cells but not to healthy cells. This study aimed to investigate the effect of CELNORM and its various components individually in colon and lung cancer cells. Based on the LD50 value, colon and lung cancer cells were treated with two different dosages of curcumin, pepper, carrot and cucumber extracts, individually and CELNORM (formulation with all four ingredients). The cytotoxicity of each compound has been checked through morphological analysis and cell viability assay by using the CCK8 kit and statistically analyzed. qPCR-based Gene expression study has also been done to further validate the anti-cancerous properties of the compounds. Curcumin extract decreased cancer cell growth, as evidenced by cytotoxicity and morphological analyses, but pepper, carrot, and cucumber extracts showed a less significant reduction in cancer cell growth. CELNORM, on the other hand, had the highest significant effect in suppressing cell proliferation, indicating the novel health supplement CELNORM renders more efficacy than individual components. Gene expression analysis also verifies the anti-cancerous properties of CELNORM, though some gene expressions are not in the expected line. The morphological analysis and cell viability result has shown the efficacy of the CELNORM over the individual compounds of the CELNORM and gene expression analysis of proliferative genes such as Cyclin D, CDK6, PCNA and BCL-2 further validates the anti-cancerous properties of CELNORM and all four components.

Effectiveness of botanical insecticides on larval stage of red palm weevil Rhynchophorous ferrugineus and survival of entomopathogenic nematodes

Botanical oils are considered ecofriendly compounds with insecticidal characteristics. In this study, the effects of basil (Ocimum basilicum), camphor (Cinnamomum camphora), cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), lemon (Citrus limon), clove (Syzygium aromaticum), ginger (Zingiber officinale), black pepper (Piper nigrum), and orange (Citrus sinensis var balady) oil extracts on the survival of four entomopathogenic nematode strains belonging to the Steinernema and Heterorhabditis genera, as well as their impacts on Rhynchophorus ferrugineus egg hatching and larvae, were assessed. The results for the camphor, lemon, black pepper, and orange oils were promising as 50 μL/mL of each resulted in 0%, 0%, 16%, and 0% hatchability for the R. ferrugineus eggs, respectively. Furthermore, the mortality of R. ferrugineus larvae was up to 95% with the similar concentrations and an exposure time of 48 h, for the other investigated oils. Various morphohistopathological alterations were found in the cuticle; outer cuticle folds swelling or shrinkage and subcuticular muscle degeneration, as well as midgut; fat globules in the epithelial lining with marked degeneration and/or necrosis, of the R. ferrugineus larvae when compared with those of controls replicates. Mortality percentage of infective juveniles (IJs) of Steinernema carpocapsae (S2) was significantly lower than Heterorhabditis marelatus (D1), Steinernema riobravae (Sr) and Steinernema carpocapsae (All) when using camphor oil compared to the other oils (50%). From the obtained observations on oils lethal effects, the target of developing integral biocontrol product formulated from combinations of essential oils and nematode with insecticidal properties against R. ferrugineus (not nematode survival) is possible; a sustainable and ecofriendly product for pest management.

Effects of Selected Plant Extracts on the Quality and Functional Properties of Gelatin and Furcellaran-Based Double-Layer Films

AbstractIn this study, for the first time, double-layer films based on furcellaran and gelatin were obtained, in which the 1st layer of furcellaran was enriched with various plant extracts. The aim of this work was to improve the composition of the developed innovative packaging material by using two layers of biopolymer complexes and analysing the composites to determine the effect of different model plant extracts on the physicochemical properties of the double-layered materials. Furthermore, the hypothesis that positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) could be correlated with gas barrier properties was verified. The addition of plant extracts significantly influenced the physicochemical parameters of the obtained double-layered materials. The lowest solubility was noted in films with the addition of garlic extract (58.40%) and black pepper extract (59.26%) which also had the lowest water content (8.88%). The film with garlic extract also had the lowest oxygen transfer rate (OTR) value after 6 months of storage which is consistent with PALS. The presented data suggest the possibility of correlating PALS results with the gas barrier properties. Tests carried out using this method will facilitate the selection of new potential ingredients when designing packaging materials based on biopolymers, thus, making it possible to obtain new-generation matrices.

Tocolytic Effect of White Pepper (Piper nigrum Linn.) on Isolated Rat Uterine Contraction in vitro

Piper nigrum Linn. (Pepper) is a very well-known spice used for different purposes such as human dietaries, medicine and preservative. In Thai traditional medicine, white pepper is a component of herbal formulas used to treat many disorders including symptoms of dysmenorrhea. It is of interest to investigate the effect of methanolic extract of white pepper (MEWP) on the isolated rat uterus contractions induced by various uterine stimulants and the possible mechanism(s) involved. Strips of uterus were prepared from estrogen-primed female Wistar rats, fixed in the organ bath filled with an appropriate physiological solution with carbogen bubbled continuously at 37 °C. The measurement of isometric tension was then performed using force transducer attached to a polygraph. MEWP was tested its effect on the uterine contraction and found the inhibitory effects on the contraction induced by oxytocin, PGF2α and depolarizing solution. TEA inhibited the uterine relaxing effect of MEWP while glibenclamide had no effects when the uterus was induced to contract with oxytocin. Propranolol abolished the uterine relaxing effect of isoproterenol while it had no effects on the relaxing effect of MEWP. The results suggested that MEWP is likely to be a general uterine relaxant. The effects may be due to the interference on Ca2+ influx into the uterine muscle cells which may involve the opening of KCa channel. The effect was unlikely to occur via the KATP-channel and may not involve the interaction of MEWP on b-adrenergic receptor on the uterine muscle cells. HIGHLIGHTS Methanolic extract of white pepper (MEWP) is likely to be a general uterine relaxant. The uterine relaxing effect of MEWP may involve an inhibition of a rise in intracellular Ca2+ from both Ca2+ influx via plasma membrane of the uterine smooth muscle cell and probably Ca2+ release from internal storage. The effect of MEWP may be mediated mainly through a reduction in Ca2+ influx, possibly through voltage dependent Ca2+ The effect of MEWP may involve with the opening of KCa channel, which may arise from direct action of MEWP on the calcium channel or be a consequence of an increase in [Ca2+]i. The uterine relaxing effect of MEWP is unlikely to be mediated by an activation of β2 –adrenergic receptor. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Phytochemistry Analysis of Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus) Juice Fortified with Organic Additives

Plants’ juices are widely consumed due to their presumed high nutritional and medicinal qualities. This research evaluated the phytochemical properties of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) tuber juice/milk fortified with a mixture of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and Negro pepper (Xylopia aethiopica) extract. The freshly prepared tiger nut juice was fortified with 0%, 2%, 4% and 6% of the plants extracts, and accordingly coded TME 0, TME 1, TME 2 and TME 3; and their Phytochemical parameters measured through standard procedures. The findings indicated that the plants’ extract significantly increased, regardless of the phytochemical parameter investigated. The cardiac glycoside level in the juice fortified with 2%, 4% and 6% plants’ extract was 4.40%, 5.11% and 5.53% respectively; while the saponin content in the TME 0, TME 1, TME 2 and TME 3 juice samples was 6.68%, 6.82%, 7.40% and 7.70% respectively. Furthermore, it was observed that the anthocyanins and alkaloid levels in the juice increased from 3.12% - 3.93% and 5.13% - 7.34%, as the plants’ extract concentration increased from 0 to 6%. It was observed that the anti-nutrien compositions (phytate and tannin) of the tiger nut juice, increased in an uneven pattern as the fortification degree increased from 0% to 6%. This study’s findings will be useful in food industries in optimizing nutrient enhancement of foods and drinks, without accumulating excessive anti-nutrients in the fortified products.

Anti-inflammatory effect of pepper extract with high polyamine levels; inhibition of ERK/MAPK pathway in mice.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01333-x.

Integrated Management of Cabbage Aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.)

The present investigation entitled “Integrated Management of Cabbage Aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.)” was carried out at Department of Entomology as well as field of Vegetable Research and Demonstration Block, College of Horticulture, VCSG Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Bharsar, Pauri Garhwal during 2022. Seasonal incidence of Cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae) revealed that the maximum numbers of aphid, (784.05 nymphs/plants and 506.32 adults/plants) were recorded during 23rd SMW viz., 2nd week of June. Correlation studies indicated that aphid population exhibited highly significant positive correlation with maximum temperature and minimum temperature and significant negative correlation with morning and evening relative humidity. While rainfall showed non-significant positive correlation with aphid population. Efficacy of different treatments (Cultural practices (Weeding) + Yellow sticky trap), (Garlic extract + Red pepper extract), (Onion extract + Yellow sticky trap), (Neem leaf extract + Cow urine), (Thiamethoxam 25 WG + Beauveria bassiana), (L-cyhalothrin 5 EC + Beauveria bassiana) and (Biological control + Mechanical control) were evaluated by two sprays at 3, 5 and 7 days interval against aphid (B. brassicae) during year 2022. After 1st and 2nd application highest reduction in aphid population (77.37 and 93.57) and maximum yield (5.85 kg/plot and 541.66 q/ha) over pre treatment was recorded in L-cyhalothrin 5 EC incorporated with Beauveria bassiana.

Impact of hot pepper, black pepper, Ginger and Moringa powder extracts against cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculates and two storage methods on cowpea, Mogadishu, Somalia

Impact of hot pepper, black pepper, Ginger and Moringa powder extracts against cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculates and two storage methods on cowpea, Mogadishu, Somalia

Impact of Compressional Force, Croscarmellose Sodium, and Microcrystalline Cellulose on Black Pepper Extract Tablet Properties Based on Design of Experiments Approach

This study aimed to prepare tablets of black pepper extract using the Design of Experiments (DOE) approach. The levels of three factors—compressional force, croscarmellose sodium (CCS), and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)—were screened using the one-factor-at-a-time technique, followed by the DOE utilizing the Box–Behnken design. The respective variations for each factor were as follows: compressional force (1500–2500 psi), CCS (1–3%), and MCC (32–42%). The results indicated that compressional force significantly decreased tablet thickness and friability, while increasing hardness and prolonging disintegration time. CCS significantly shortened disintegration time but did not affect tablet thickness, hardness, and friability. MCC, on the other hand, significantly increased tablet thickness and hardness, while significantly decreasing friability. Furthermore, the study observed interactions among factors and quadratic effects of each factor, which significantly influenced tablet properties. The optimal tablet formulation consisted of 2.2% CCS, 37% MCC, and a compressional force of 2000 psi. These tablets had a weight of 198.39 ± 0.49 mg, a diameter of 9.67 ± 0.01 mm, a thickness of 1.98 ± 0.02 mm, a hardness of 7.36 ± 0.24 kP, a friability of 0.11 ± 0.02%, and a disintegration time of 5.59 ± 0.39 min. The actual values obtained using the optimal conditions closely matched the predicted values, with a low percent error (less than 5%). In conclusion, the application of the DOE approach successfully developed tablets of black pepper extract, which can be utilized as food supplement products.

735-P: Baseline Characteristics in the REVERSE-IT Study, a 24-Week, 600-Person Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study of the Metabolic Effects of the Combination of Five Plant Extracts TOTUM-63 (T63)

The role of natural based products to support glucose control in people with prediabetes or early type 2 diabetes (T2D) (i.e. dysglycemia) is debated. T63 is a polyphenol-rich substance composed by artichoke, chrysanthellum, olive leaf, bilberry, and black pepper extracts, and studied in REVERSE-IT (NCT04423302), an ongoing 24 weeks, multi-center, multi-country clinical trial involving people with dysglycemia. It tests the hypothesis that 5 g T63 vs placebo (PBO) leads to significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose, while secondary outcomes include effects on lipids, blood pressure (BP), weight and waist circumference. The confirmatory primary analysis will compare T63 vs PBO when provided TID (double-blinded) and is powered based on minimum 174 completers in each arm. Effects of T63 BID vs PBO will be analyzed open label. A total of n=627 were recruited over 2 years from 61 sites across 7 European countries. Mean age is 57 years, BMI 32.2 kg/m2, and HbA1c 6.1% (table 1). The majority have prediabetes (78.3%), with a better glycemic profile and BP compared to those with T2D (21.7%). REVERSE-IT has enrolled an appropriate population to help inform clinical decision making on the use of plant-extract based T63 to support glucose homeostasis in people with dysglycemia. Readout is expected in the second half of 2023. Disclosure Y.F.Otero: Employee; Valbiotis. T.Maugard: None. M.Cazaubiel: Board Member; Valbiotis. B.Pereira: None. B.Guigas: Advisory Panel; Valbiotis, Research Support; Valbiotis. S.Hadjadj: Consultant; Bayer Inc., Novo Nordisk, Valbiotis, Research Support; AstraZeneca, Novartis, Speaker's Bureau; Abbott Diagnostics, Boehringer-Ingelheim. S.Peltier: Board Member; Valbiotis. A.Marette: Advisory Panel; Valbiotis, Amancia, Plexus, Acasti. J.Bard: Consultant; Valbiotis, Biofortis France, Stock/Shareholder; Valbiotis. P.Sirvent: Board Member; Valbiotis. O.Johansen: Employee; Nestlé Health Science. V.Chavanelle: Employee; Valbiotis. M.Bargetto: Employee; Valbiotis. V.Sapone: None. A.Bouchard-mercier: Employee; Valbiotis. F.Le joubioux: Employee; Valbiotis. N.Boisseau: None.