Extraction Of Trans-resveratrol Research Articles

Optimization of Experimental Parameters in the Solvent Extraction of Trans-Resveratrol from Pruning Waste of Vitis vinifera, Fetească Neagră Variety

The past few decades have seen a marked expansion in market demand for food supplements with therapeutic value. Due to this demand, the recovery of vine waste for obtaining certain phytochemicals or plant synthesized compounds with health-promoting activities can be an important economic component, principally with the agreement of the European Union for resveratrol as a new food ingredient. For the sake of economic capitalization, it is necessary to determine optimum extraction parameters for maximum recovery. In this paper, we have determined the optimum parameters for the solvent extraction of trans-resveratrol from vine prunings. We tested different extraction conditions: 35 different types of solvents, 10 types of solid-to-liquid ratios, 10 extraction times, 10 types of granulosity of the ground material and 7 consecutive extractions on the same material. The optimal parameters determined were: solvent ethanol:diethyl ether 4:1 ratio, 1:35 solid liquid ratio g/mL, 4 days for extraction time, 500 µm–350 µm granulosity of powdered material and one extraction on the material. These findings are confirmed by optimization of extracting parameters according to Box–Behnken design.

POTENTIAL OF ROMANIAN VINE WASTES AS A NATURAL RESOURCE OF TRANS-RESVERATROL

The methods for producing natural resveratrol are of big interest due to the numerous health benefits of this substance and its increasing use in functional foods, food supplements and para-pharmaceutical preparations, especially with the recent permission of resveratrol as a novel food ingredient in the European Union (Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2016/1190). Since annually a large amount of waste is produced in vine pruning, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of vine shoots from ten grape varieties (Fetească Albă, Fetească Neagră, Muscat Ottonel, Muscat de Hamburg, Tămâioasă, Coarnă Neagră, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Fetească Regală and Burgund Mare) from two different locations to be used as a natural source of trans-resveratrol. To reach this goal, two different solvents were explored, two different storage periods, three different time of collecting of samples in two different years. Moreover, a correlation between the type of vine (red or white) and trans-resveratrol content was analyzed. Maceration solvent diethyl-ether:ethanol, 1:4 ratio, showed a higher yield of extraction of trans-resveratrol than methanol 80%. Increasing the storage time by another 6 weeks positively affected the concentration of resveratrol for 5 samples, and for another 7 negatively. The time of collecting the samples had a high influence on the resveratrol content on shoots samples, highlighting the fact that autumn is the optimal time for harvesting. No correlation could be established among the grape varieties (red or white) and the trans-resveratrol content. The highest concentration of resveratrol was recorded for the Fetească Neagră variety – 2367.37 mg/kg. D.W.

Optimization of the ultrasonic-assisted extraction of trans-resveratrol and its glucoside from grapes followed by UPLC-MS/MS using the response surface methodology

Optimization of the ultrasonic-assisted extraction of trans-resveratrol and its glucoside from grapes followed by UPLC-MS/MS using the response surface methodology

Construction of Fe3O4/SiO2/chitosan-grafted-poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) magnetic nanocomposite and their application in simultaneous extraction of Trans-resveratrol and its metabolites from rat plasma

A novel magnetic nanocomposite of chitosan-grafted-poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (Fe3O4/SiO2/CHT-g-PNVCL MNC) were synthesized. Chitosan was prepared from shrimp shells Penaeus monodon by a green deacetylation approach. N-vinylcaprolactam was first polymerized on the surface of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles using surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. Then, the Fe3O4 nanoparticles modified with carboxyl-terminated- poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) was grafted onto chitosan. Various techniques were used to characterize of physicochemical properties of synthesized nanomaterials. The application of Fe3O4/SiO2/CHT-g-PNVCL MNC was utilized as a novel adsorbent for the simultaneous extraction of trans-resveratrol and its major phase II metabolites from rat plasma. A qualitative analysis was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. Response surface methodology based on central composite design was used to optimize the extraction procedure including pH, amount of adsorbent, extraction time, desorption time, and volume of elution solvent. The established quantitative method succeeded in satisfying FDA requirements regarding biological analysis methods. The results of the validation of the method indicated its acceptable accuracy (−4.4 to 6.9%), linearity (r > 0.995), precision (CV < 6.3%), and stability. The lower limits of quantification of the proposed method achieved were 1.23–1.68 ngmL−1for target analytes. The information obtained from the method validation has been used to estimate the expanded uncertainty for the determination of trans-resveratrol in rat plasma samples following orally administered trans-resveratrol. The method was applied to study the pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and bioavailability of trans-resveratrol in healthy rats following a single oral or intravenous dose.

Part I. Polyphenols composition and antioxidant potential during ‘Blaufränkisch’ grape maceration and red wine maturation, and the effects of trans-resveratrol addition

The effects of extended maceration (13 days) were investigated for extraction of trans-resveratrol and other phenolics from grapes of cultivar ‘Blaufränkisch’, and then during the subsequent maturation of the wine (250 days). Total phenolics and three subgroups of phenolics were followed. The concentrations of total phenolics, total flavonoids, and total anthocyanins, but not of total nonflavonoids, increased with extended maceration, and then decreased after 250 days of maturation. Trans- and cis-resveratrol concentrations increased following extended maceration and maturation (6.5, 2.9 mg/L, respectively). The maximum polydatin concentration was reached after only 6 days of maceration (10.9 mg/L). The antioxidant potential of the must increased following extended maceration (12.3 mmol DPPH2/L), and then remained unchanged for the red wine after maturation. Addition of trans-resveratrol to the red wine and into model solutions showed increased solubility and stability of trans-resveratrol in the red wines over the model solutions. Minor increases in antioxidant potential and better stability of malvidin-3-glucoside were also seen.

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) optimization of trans-resveratrol from peanut kernels (Arachis hypogaea) by experimental design.

The aim of this study was to develop the optimal conditions for supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of bioactive trans-resveratrol from peanut kernels using an experimental design. The variables taken into account were extraction pressure, extraction temperature, extraction time and amount of modifier. The model was first set for significant factor screening by full factorial design, then, optimized by central composite designs. The optimal extraction parameters were a pressure of 7000psi, temperature of 70°C and time of 50min while amount of modifier did not show significant effect. The quantity of trans-resveratrol was predictable by a full quadratic regression equation with R2(predict) = 95.56%. The predicted trans-resveratrol concentration in peanut samples was 0.7998µg/g while the experimental concentration was 0.7884 ± 0.1553µg/g. Conventional solvent extraction demonstrated less selectivity and needed more clean-up process prior to HPLC analysis. Our optimized SFE condition was effective to maximize trans-resveratrol extraction with less contaminants and gave the comparable amount of trans-resveratrol between actual and predicted values.

Bioactive Compounds from Norway Spruce Bark: Comparison Among Sustainable Extraction Techniques for Potential Food Applications.

Picea abies (L.) Karst, (Norway spruce) bark, generally considered as wood industry waste, could potentially be used as a valuable source of antioxidants for food applications. In this study, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) were carried out in order to recover bioactive compounds from bark of Norway spruce. Obtained results show that PLE with ethanol as solvent was the most effective method for extracting total flavonoid compounds (21.14 ± 1.42 mg quercetin g−1 sample) and consequently exerted the highest antioxidant activity measured by 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (257.11 ± 13.31 mg Trolox g−1 sample). On the other hand, UAE extract contained the maximum phenolic concentration (54.97 ± 2.00 mg gallic acid g−1 sample) and the most interesting antioxidant activity measured by the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (580.25 ± 25.18 µmol FeSO4 g−1 sample). Additionally, PLE and UAE have demonstrated great efficiency in the extraction of trans-resveratrol, quantified by HPLC (0.19 and 0.29 mg trans-RSV g−1 sample, respectively).

Development of new ultrasonic–solvent assisted method for determination of trans-resveratrol from red grapes: Optimization, characterization, and antioxidant activity (ORAC assay)

Abstract This work was aimed at developing an ultrasonic-assisted extraction of trans-resveratrol from red grape wastes using a new combination of solvents and response surface method- Box–Behnken design. The experiment was carried out on the industrial waste, skin, and pulp parts of 18 different types of Iranian red grapes. Ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction was carried out using different ratios of ethanol:polyethylene glycol (PEG):water (v/v), ultrasonication time, and temperature. The optimized conditions were achieved as a combination of 19.4 min, 53.6 °C, and 48:32:20 (v/v), which remarkably improved the extraction of trans-resveratrol content. The presence of PEG in the extraction medium enhanced the extraction efficiency by 39.48%. Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography ultra-violent (RP-HPLC-UV) was applied for the quantification. The amounts of trans-resveratrol varied between 68.36 ± 3.06 and 862 ± 4.67 µg/g-dry material of the initial samples based on optimized conditions. Retention time of trans-resveratrol was obtained in less than 5 min, which indicates the high accuracy of developed HPLC method. There was a significant relationship between the amount of resveratrol and antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity of samples extracted by optimized method was about four times higher than conventional method (80:20 ethanol:water (v/v), 30 min sonication, and 60 °C temperature) measured by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. This research provided food grade extraction method due to reduction in the use of ethanol in extraction process. Furthermore, the results can provide a new HPLC elution method for easy and fast detection and quantification of trans-resveratrol in industrial scale.

Trans-resveratrol Extraction in Four Brazilian Arachis hypogea L. Cultivars with Microwave-Assisted Extraction: Optimization with Response Surface Methodology and Comparison with Conventional Maceration

Trans-resveratrol Extraction in Four Brazilian Arachis hypogea L. Cultivars with Microwave-Assisted Extraction: Optimization with Response Surface Methodology and Comparison with Conventional Maceration

A new approach for obtaining trans-resveratrol from tree peony seed oil extracted residues using ionic liquid-based enzymatic hydrolysis in situ extraction

Abstract A new approach for ionic liquid-based enzymatic hydrolysis in situ trans-resveratrol extraction (ILEHE) from tree peony seed oil extracted residues is presented, in which enzymatic hydrolysis is used in an ionic liquid aqueous medium to enhance the trans-resveratrol yield. Various factors of the ILEHE procedure, including the variety and concentration of enzyme, type and concentration of ionic liquid, liquid–solid ratio and pH of the solution system, and ILEHE temperature and time, were investigated by single-factor experiments, response surface methodology, and first-order kinetic models. A satisfactory yield of trans-resveratrol (5.48 ± 0.14 μmol/g) was obtained by the novel developed approach compared with other conventional techniques. Scanning electronic microscopy of the samples indicated that tree peony seed treated by mixed cellulase and pectinase (1/1, w/w) enzymes in an ionic liquid led to more efficient extraction by reducing mass transfer barrier. The proposed ILEHE method was validated by stability, repeatability, and recovery experiments and shows promising prospects in the extraction and hydrolysis aspects, for enhancing efficiency of target components in natural products.

WITHDRAWN: Optimization of trans-resveratrol extraction from peanut kernels using supercritical fluid extraction

WITHDRAWN: Optimization of trans-resveratrol extraction from peanut kernels using supercritical fluid extraction

Subcritical Water Extraction of Resveratrol from Barks of Shorea Roxburghii G. Don.

This study investigated subcritical water extraction of trans-resveratrol and its glycosylated form, trans-piceid, from barks of Shorea roxburghii G. Don. The effects of extraction temperature (100-190°C) and water flow rate (2-4 mL/min) at the pressure of 10 MPa were determined on the amounts of compounds extracted. The amount of trans-resveratrol and trans-piceid in the extracts increased with increasing temperature and flow rate, although the increase in flow rate from 3 to 4 mL/min had no significant effect on the extraction yield. Thus the flow rate of 3 mL/min was taken to be the most suitable. At suitable condition (190°C, 3 mL/min), the amount of trans-resveratrol and trans-piceid were 23.18 and 350.28 μg/g dry weight, respectively. With equal extraction duration, the amount of trans-resveratrol and trans-piceid compound obtained from extraction using 190°C subcritical water were higher than those from extractions with ambient water and 80% ethanol.

ANTIOXIDANTS FROM WINEMAKING WASTES: A STUDY ON EXTRACTION PARAMETERS USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

Winemaking by-products present a high environmental impact due to their considerably high biochemical and chemical oxygen demands. This study is focused on the optimization of the traditional solvent extraction technology of phenols from Pinot Noir grape skins (Vitis vinifera). To such a purpose, the combined effects of the extraction time (9, 19 and 29 h) and the solid-liquid ratio (0.10, 0.20 and 0.30 gDW/mL), were investigated by a 32 full factorial design combined with response surface methodology; total polyphenols, flavonoids and trans-resveratrol extraction yields were used as response variables. Results demonstrated that Pinot Noir skins had high levels of both total polyphenols (3.22 mgGAE/gDW) and flavonoids (1.01 mgCE/gDW), being the optimum extraction time 19 h approximately. t-resveratrol was found in a considerable amount (2.24 mg/100 gDW), while the main phenolic compounds analyzed with Reverse Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography were gallic acid, catechin and quercetin. A significant linear correlation was found between polyphenols concentration and their antiradical power. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Winery by-products (grape marc) are a possible font of antioxidants and their extracts can represent a significant economic and social benefit. The research of the efficient methods for phenolics compound extraction is one of great interest. Collected experimental data could be used in further studies as a comparison with those of other innovative technologies, such as supercritical fluid, ultrasound and/or microwave-assisted extraction.

Extraction of trans-resveratrol from red wine and optimization by response surface methodology

The optimization of liquid–liquid extraction of resveratrol from wine by organic solvent was investigated using a Doehlert design. Preliminary experiments were conducted to choose the solvent used for the experimental design. Two parameters were analysed: the composition of the binary solvent mixture and the solution/solvent ratio. The best result was obtained by superimposing the isoresponses of selectivity and yield. The optimum operating conditions for extraction were: (i) a solvent mixture of cyclohexane/pentanol with a weight ratio of 40/60 and (ii) a solution/solvent ratio of 30/70. Under these conditions, the yield is above 95% for a selectivity of about 6.6‰.

Perspectives for production and application of resveratrol

The polyphenol trans-resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is one of the best known plant secondary metabolites. The number of articles devoted to trans-resveratrol has been steadily increasing. Trans-resveratrol is a molecule that is beneficial to human health; this explains the high level of interest in trans-resveratrol among different research groups. Therefore, it is important to develop an effective method to produce this compound commercially. The applicability of biotechnology for trans-resveratrol extraction is still uncertain. This review describes and compares the available biotechnological methods of trans-resveratrol production, focusing on their advantages and disadvantages.

Determination of trans-resveratrol in red wine by adsorptive stripping square-wave voltammetry with medium exchange

In the present paper, a method for the determination of trans-resveratrol in red wine samples, by adsorptive stripping square-wave voltammetry (Ad-SSWV) in a glassy carbon electrode, is presented. In 0.10 M perchloric medium, trans-resveratrol experiments an adsorptive–oxidative process, which promotes the appearance of a peak at 0.72 V. Calibration graph have been constructed from 5.0 to 35 ng/mL. Detection limit of 4.2 ng/mL has been calculated, according to Clayton criterion. Extraction of trans-resveratrol from red wine with diethylether and posterior clean-up with C18 cartridges is carried out. Recovery percentages close to 100% have been calculated with different red wine samples. The accumulation of analyte in the electrode is carried out at +0.60 V for 60 s, in the presence of 0.10 M HClO 4 and 10% of ethanol; the measurement stage is performed after a medium exchange, in 0.10 M HClO 4 and 30% of ethanol. The standard addition method was employed for the analysis of real samples, since a matrix effect is observed in red wine extract. The method has been applied to several commercial red wines samples, and the results have been satisfactorily validated by HPLC.

Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of uniformly sized core–shell imprinted microspheres for the separation trans-resveratrol from giant knotweed

A novel core–shell molecularly imprinting microspheres (MIMs) with trans-resveratrol as the template molecule; acrylamide (AA) as functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linker, was prepared based on SiO 2 microspheres with surface imprinting technique. These core–shell trans-resveratrol imprinted microspheres were characterized by infrared spectra (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that these core–shell imprinted microspheres, which take on perfect spherical shape with average shell thickness of 150 nm, exhibit especially selective recognition for trans-resveratrol. These imprinted microspheres were applied as solid-phase extraction materials for selective extraction of trans-resveratrol from giant knotweed extracting solution successfully.

Selective On-Line Extraction of Trans-Resveratrol and Emodin from Polygonum cuspidatum Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymer

High-performance liquid chromatographic separation is performed to extract active components from the traditional Chinese medicine Polygonum cuspidatum using a trans-resveratrol imprinted polymer. Good separation and purification of trans-resveratrol and emodin from the Polygonum cuspidatum extract are achieved after condition optimization. The extraction recoveries are 83% and 99% for trans-resveratol and emodin, respectively. The results show that the molecularly imprinted polymer can be used as a selective extraction material for the extraction and purification of trans-resveratrol and emodin from Polygonum cuspidatum.

Grape cane waste as a source of trans-resveratrol and trans-viniferin: High-value phytochemicals with medicinal and anti-phytopathogenic applications

Grape cane waste was investigated as a potential source of high-value phytochemicals with medicinal and anti-phytopathogenic applications. Extraction yields of trans-resveratrol and trans-ɛ-viniferin from Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot Noir grape cane were 3.45 ± 0.04 and 1.30 ± 0.07 mg g −1 dw, respectively. The analyte extraction efficiencies were investigated using protic and aprotic solvents. Yields varied 22-fold over the range of solvent systems investigated, demonstrating the importance in solvent polarity and hydrogen bonding capability for efficient extractions. The current study suggests that these compounds can be quantitatively extracted from grape cane residue using low-cost, environmentally benign, and non-toxic aqueous alcoholic solvent systems such as ethanol:water mixtures. With current commercial values of trans-resveratrol and trans-ɛ-viniferin between US$ 2000 and US$ 3000 per kg, established stilbene yields from cane waste could represent an agricultural coproduct valued at US$ 2000–US$ 3000 per hectare of production. At present levels of worldwide wine grape production, the extraction of trans-resveratrol and trans-ɛ-viniferin from grape cane waste may reach a global economic value of >$30 billion.

High-Value Phytochemicals from Grape Cane Waste: Potential Value-Added Viticultural Sources of Trans-Resveratrol and Trans-e-Viniferin with Medicinal and Anti-Phytopathogenic Applications

AbstractGrape canes as agricultural waste from commercial viticultural activities represent a potentially important source of the well-known medicinal and anti-phytopathogenic stilbene compounds trans-resveratrol and trans-e-viniferin. Reports in the literature suggest that concentrations of these compounds range up to 5 mg/g dw and 2 mg/g dw, respectively, and can be quantitatively extracted from the cane residue using low-cost, environmental benign, and non-toxic aqueous alcoholic solvent systems such as ethanol:water mixtures. With current commercial values of these compounds between US$2,000 to US$3,000 per kg, established stilbene yields from cane waste could represent an agricultural coproduct valued at US$2,000 to US$3,000 per hectare of production. At the present worldwide wine grape production of 8,000,000 ha, the extraction of trans-resveratrol and trans-e-viniferin from grape cane waste would have an estimated global economic value of &gt;$30 billion.