Extract In Diabetic Mice Research Articles

Involvement of AMPK activation in the inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis by Ficus carica leaf extract in diabetic mice and HepG2 cells

The aim of this study was to explore the possible mechanisms of Ficus carica leaf (FCL) extract in suppressing hepatic gluconeogenesis in diabetic mice. Diabetic mice (streptozotocin-induced) received 1 g/kg of FCL extract twice a day for 6 weeks. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured and a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test was conducted. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression was examined. HepG2 hepatocytes were treated with FCL extract and an AMPK inhibitor (compound C) or agonist (AICAR), and PEPCK, G6pase, PGC-1α, AMPK, forkhead transcription factor O1 (FOXO1), and hepatic nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) expression was determined. The results showed that FCL extract inhibited the expression of PEPCK and G6Pase in the liver of diabetic mice and HepG2 hepatocytes. FCL extract activated AMPK and decreased PGC-1α, HNF4α, and FOXO1 expression. The AMPK inhibitor attenuated those effects through inhibiting gluconeogenesis, while the AMPK agonist partially enhanced gluconeogenesis. In conclusion, FCL extract inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis via activation of AMPK and down-regulation of gluconeogenic enzymes.

Hematoprotective and Nephroprotective Effects of Achillea millefolium Aqueous Extract in Diabetic Mice

Background and objectives: Achillea millefolium has been used in medicine as an anti-fungal, antibacterial and antioxidant agent. The present study was carried out to assess the hematoprotective and nephroprotective activities of Achillea millefolium aqueous extract (AMAE) in diabetic mice. Methods: Seventy mice were used anddiabetes was experimentally induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/kg) in 60 mice. The mice with serum glucose level>250 mg/dL were considered diabetic. After three days, they were divided randomly into 7 groups. Group 1 and 2 were non-diabetic and untreated diabetic controls, respectively. Group 3 received 30 mg/kg glibenclamide orally. Groups 4, 5, 6 and 7 were given 10, 30, 90 and 270 mg/kg of AMAE, respectively for 20 days orally. At 20th day, the mice were dissected, and the blood and kidney samples were collected for hematological and pathological parameters analysis. Results: Daily treatment of diabetic mice with 10, 30, 90 and 270 mg/kg doses of AMAE at all doses especially 90 and 270 mg/kg significantly declined blood glucose, creatinine and urea levels and improved RBC (Red blood cell), platelet and WBC (White blood cell) parameters, compared to the untreated diabetic control. Also kidney of the treated diabetic mice with AMAE at all doses especially 270 mg/kg indicated significant improvement of the renal tissue compared to the untreated diabetic mice. Conclusion: The present research demonstrated the hypoglycemic properties of AMAE, offering to be suggested as an anti-diabetic supplement.

Renal protective effects of Porphyra dentate aqueous extract in diabetic mice.

Background: Purple laver ((Porphyra dentate) is a popular edible seaweed in Asia. This study examined protective effects of extract from purple laver extract (PLE) in diabetic mice.Methods: Content of carotenoids and anthocyanins in PLE was analyzed. PLE at 0.5 and 1% was supplied for 7 weeks.Results: PLE was rich in anthocyanins. PLE intake at 0.5 and 1% lowered plasma glucose level (P<0.05); only at 1% raised plasma insulin level, and decreased plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol levels (P<0.05). PLE treatments at 1% lowered hepatic triglyceride and total cholesterol (P<0.05); it reduced renal reactive oxygen species level (P<0.05); retained renal glutathione level, maintaining renal glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities (P<0.05).Conclusion: Porphyra dentate aqueous extract could attenuate diabetic progression via anti-oxidative and lipid lowering effects. This seaweed could be considered as potent healthy food, and used for personalized medicine.

Ameliorative effects of aqueous leaf extract of aloe arborescens on anti- hyperglycaemia and antihyperlipidemia alterations in alloxan-induced diabetic mice

Diabetes poses great challenge to the world’s health care system. Its worldwide prevalence was estimated at 366 million in 2011 of these, 183 million people were believed to be unaware of their condition. If no measures taken, the prevalence is projected to rise to 552 million people by 2030, representing around 10% of the global adult population. The aim of present study was designed to examine the potential anti-hyperlipidaemic and antihyperlipidemia efficacy of the aqueous extract from Aloe vera leaf gel in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The animals were divided into three groups of normal mice; alloxan-induced diabetic mice and diabetic mice treated with 300mg/kg b.w of the aqueous leaf extract, respectively. Treatment was via the oral route for 21days. Various biochemical parameters, including lipid profile and serum glucose were decreased as well as HDL-C increased. Statistical analysis were done by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. These results demonstrate the anti-diabetic and antihyperlipidaemic activities of Aloe vera leaf extract in diabetic mice.

Hypoglycemic Effect of Sargassum ringgoldianum Extract in STZ-induced Diabetic Mice

This study was designed to investigate whether Sargassum ringgoldianum extract may inhibit α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities, and alleviate postprandial hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The IC50 values of Sargassum ringgoldianum extract against α-glucosidase and α-amylase were 0.12 mg/mL and 0.18 mg/mL, respectively, which evidenced higher activities than those of acarbose. The blood glucose levels of the Sargassum ringgoldianum extract administered group were significantly lower compared to the control group in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Moreover, the area under the two-hour blood glucose response curve was significantly reduced and the absorption of dietary carbohydrates was delayed after administration of Sargassum ringgoldianum extract in the diabetic mice. Therefore, these results indicated that Sargassum ringgoldianum extract may help decrease the postprandial blood glucose level via inhibiting α-glucosidase.

Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effect of Uraria crinita water extract in diabetic mice induced by STZ and food

Uraria crinita (UC) is a traditional edible plant and has been used as herbal medicine for a long history in China. There is no report on its anti-diabetic activity. In the present study we evaluated anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effect of U. crinita water extract (UCWE) in diabetic mice. Type II diabetes was induced in mice by injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in combination with high fat and protein food. After 3 weeks, oral administration of UCWE significantly decreased the fasting blood glucose in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), as well as significantly suppressed the increase of blood glucose after glucose challenge. Plasma concentration of triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acids (FFAs) were also decreased. Furthermore, UCWE increased the concentration of plasma insulin. Taken together, UCWE exhibited hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity, indicating a beneficial effect in diabetes treatment. a€€ Key words: Uraria crinita water extract (UCWE), diabetes, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), TG, FFAs, insulin.