Changes In External Environment Research Articles

Base on -Learning Pareto Optimality for Linear Itô Stochastic Systems With Markovian Jumps

This article investigate the cooperative differential game (CDG) for continuous-time linear Itô stochastic systems with markovian jumps (SSMJ) to obtain the Pareto solutions. Different from most existing works studying nonzero-sum games, this article studies the CDG on the quadratic infinite horizon for the Itô-type SSMJ with unknown system matrix and transition probability. A novel <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$</tex-math> </inline-formula> -learning online algorithm is developed, which consists of that (i) the optimal control problem is equivalent to solving a stochastic algebraic Riccatic equation (ARE); (ii) the joint cost function is approximated by a critic neural network (NN) and Pareto efficient is approximated by two actor NNs. The rigorous stability analysis shows that the system state for SSMJ and the NN weight errors are uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB). Finally, the theory analysis is validated by a numerical example with detailed discussions. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Note to Practitioners</i> —In practical applications, many systems are often affected by the change of external environment or the failure of internal components, which leads to the random jump of system parameters. Markovian jump system can effectively describe the above problems. And when the system model is disturbed by the internal parameters, the system control input and external environment, the random errors of state measurement, and other random factors, the deterministic model can no longer accurately describe the controlled system. Therefore, the SSMJ can describe practical problems more accurately. By cooperation, in general, the cost one specific player incurs is not uniquely determined anymore. If all players decide, for example, to use their control variables to reduce the cost of player 1 as much as possible, a different minimum is attained for player 1 compared with that in the case where all players agree collectively to help a different player in minimizing his cost. So, depending on how the players choose to ‘divide’ their control efforts, a player incurs different ‘minima’. Therefore, we will design an online learning algorithm to obtain pareto solutions with different weights. On the other hand, in practice, it is difficult to obtain an accurate system model. In order to solve this problem, a novel scheme is designed by using <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$</tex-math> </inline-formula> -learning technology, which does not need system matrix.

The Bumpy Road to Good Governance and Public Service Delivery : Analysis of the Challenges to Strategic Plans Implementation in Public Organisations in The Gambia

Scholars have long established the connections between strategic plans and service delivery and how lack of dedicated plans to clinically bypass the attendant complexities and intricacies tends to undermine the efficacy of the implementation process. Most research on the crucial antidote against bad governance, which is often attributed to arbitrary policy making, dearth of accountable leadership and uninformed decisions have been conducted in the developed climes where public service delivery are comparatively better served. Research about strategic plans in Africa, where most public institutions grope in the dark for lack of strategic torchlights to navigate the bumpy road to delivering public goods at a challenging time when citizens are becoming more demanding of governance dividends, is commensurably low. The paper, therefore, analysed the challenges to strategic plans implementation in achieving the objectives of public service organisations (PSOs) in The Gambia. Cross-sectional data about institutional challenges to adopted strategic plans were collected from relevant authorities and key informants, and descriptively analysed. The study revealed a range of challenges confronting implementation of strategic plans by PSOs in the country, namely, poor public service emoluments resulting in low staff morale and systemic corruption (RII = 3.90), political interference (RII = 3.88), inadequate facilities (RII = 3.86), lack of top management commitment (RII = 3.81), lack of political will (RII = 3.81), inadequate strategic management professionals and expertise (RII = 3.67), and insufficient budgetary allocations (RII = 3.66). Added to this, negative employee behaviour and attitude, negative and unfavourable internal and external environmental changes and conditions, and corruption and mismanagement of funds among others were the challenges that confronted PSOs during strategic plans implementation. The research validates strategic plan as a good governance tool for public service delivery in The Gambia.

Інформаційні джерела та етапи стратегічного аналізу

To effectively carry out its economic activity, the enterprise needs to quickly respond to internal and external environmental changes, carrying out a strategic analysis. The effectiveness of such an analysis largely depends on the accountant's qualifications as the subject of its implementation. The article's purpose is to critically evaluate information sources, stages, and methods of strategic analysis, strengthening its theoretical and methodical support with the growing functional capabilities of the accountant. It was determined that the object of strategic analysis of the management process is the enterprise as an open management system and the forms and types of its activities. Strategic analysis helps create a system of main indicators of the enterprise's long-term development. The main tasks, information sources and strategic analysis stages were revealed. The strategic analysis methods, which are within the competence of a professional accountant, were critically evaluated. The article discusses the relationship between the functions of accounting and strategic analysis, given that both processes are performed by an accountant using many methods and professional judgment. It was established that qualitative strategic analysis is the key to effective enterprise strategic management. It is confirmed by the fact that the management strategy needs information about the strategic position of the enterprise, which is provided by accounting. An organizational and methodical mechanism for conducting strategic analysis by accountants of enterprises with an optimal set of methods and information sources was proposed. Combining accounting tools with traditional methods of strategic analysis (SWOT and GAP analysis) ensures obtaining conclusions for forming/adjusting the enterprise's development strategy in conditions of dynamic changes in the external and internal environment.

Beyond the social: Embracing sociomateriality into strategy for understanding external environmental changes

Beyond the social: Embracing sociomateriality into strategy for understanding external environmental changes

СУТНІСТЬ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНОГО ПРОЄКТУВАННЯ ТА ЙОГО МІСЦЕ В СТРАТЕГІЧНОМУ УПРАВЛІННІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВОМ

The article examines the interpretation of the concept of «organizational design». The study found that when interpreting it, scholars mainly adhere to two approaches: static and dynamic. Supporters of the former tend to view organizational design as the construction of organizational structures (organizational structure and management structure). In our opinion, in a changing external environment, it is more appropriate to consider organizational design from the standpoint of a dynamic approach as a constant process of large and small changes that occur in the management of an organization and its structure. Recently, «organizational design» has been used as an identical concept to «organizational design». It is proposed to consider organizational design (or organizational design) as a process of building or improving a formal organization in the course of finding a match between the key elements of the organization (organizational structure and management structure, personnel, tasks, decisionmaking and incentive systems, informal organization and organizational culture) and its strategy, taking into account environmental factors. The goal of organisational design is to develop a structure that best meets the organisation's strategic goals and objectives, taking into account the internal and external factors that affect it. The object of organisational design is the organisation itself. Organisational design is an important part of effective strategic management and cannot be a one-off event for a number of reasons. First, the growth of organizations necessitates the decentralization of power in order to create organizational prerequisites for delegating decision-making authority to locations closer to problem areas. Secondly, different types of work require different units, and since work is constantly changing, these changes are reflected in the units. Third, the organizational structure must be consistent with the chosen strategy. When an organization's strategy changes, the chances of success of the new strategy are enhanced with the support of organizational design. Fourth, since technology is an important part of any organization, as the organization's technology changes, information changes are required. Technology-related changes necessitate adequate changes in structure. The organization must adapt its structure (internal organization) and management processes to all these changes, and since such changes are constant and not always predictable, they require further post-implementation research.

AMBIGUOUS EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL TURBULENCE ON INNOVATION AND PERFORMANCE: ANALYZING TECHNOLOGY SECTORS

Environmental Turbulence (ET) refers to the uncertainty caused by unforeseen changes in a firm's external environment. Process Quality Management (PQM) is a sub-dimension of Total Quality Management (TQM). However, the literature has not examined the effects of ET on TQM and PQM applications. For firms that want to survive in a dynamic market structure, it is crucial to understand how sub-factors of ET (Market Turbulence (MT), Technological Turbulence (TT), and Competition Intensity (CI)) affect existing relations. We examined whether ET has a moderating or mediating effect on innovation, performance, and PQM. As a result of the study, we discovered that PQM has essential effects on reducing market turbulence and competition intensity.

Лидерство в арабском мире: от революций к переосмыслению

Leadership as a phenomenon of timeless significance has always been a subject of research interest. It is a special form of social process inherent in all social groups. In this sense, it is characterized primarily by mutual influence of the members of these groups, with one or several of them exerting a disproportionally larger influence on the choices and actions of the other parts of group. At the same time, personal qualities including leadership style and political motivation remain the central concept of political leadership theory. The emergence of new challenges and new requirements for leaders makes it necessary to consider the tools of influence they possess and employ as well as their ability to adapt to the changing internal and external environment. This article focuses on the leaders of the Arab states who came to power in different periods and represented different types of leadership. In the times of national liberation movements, these were revolutionaries, who overthrew outmoded regimes, promised their people a bright future and built it in their own way. At present, the “redefining” leaders (mostly represented by Gulf monarchs) attract the most attention. They have proved to be highly sensitive to the demands of the time, offering their own ways of responding to them. Both monarchs and republican leaders sometimes share similar cultural and historical identities that influence their methods of governance. For example, the Bedouin theme, which emphasizes the ruler’s closeness to his people and his task to take care of his tribesmen, has been accentuated by the Gulf monarchs and by some revolutionary leaders. The author believes that leaders capable of “redefining” are not necessarily a product of democratic systems. In authoritarian regimes, a new generation of rulers has also contributed to the revision of a number of well-established dogmas concerning the goals of social and national development. However, methods, as well as certain management practices used in the Arab monarchies, have been shaped by a mix of elements associated both with modernity and traditionalism.

Теоретичні аспекти управління фінансовим потенціалом підприємства в умовах економіки знань

The article highlights the theoretical aspects of management of the financial potential of enterprise. The relevance of the study of scientific approaches to the management of the financial potential of enterprise is determined, in particular, the essence of management of financial potential, structure, goals, objectives, patterns and methods of management of the financial potential of enterprise are considered. It is emphasized that the financial potential of an enterprise is an important criterion for its ability to adapt to changes in the external and internal environment and affects the ability of an enterprise to generate sufficient funds to cover current costs, make investments, be attractive to investors, competitive in the market and financially stable. It is noted that the financial potential of enterprise is a complex system, which is characterized by consistency, dynamism, openness, ability to develop, purposefulness, hierarchy, interaction with the external environment. It is proposed to understand the management of the financial potential of enterprise as a purposeful managerial influence on financial resources in order to ensure financial stability, independence, liquidity, competitiveness and strategic directions of business development in the changing external and internal environment of functioning. Management of the financial potential of the enterprise involves the development and implementation of a purposeful system of measures aimed at the formation and effective use of financial resources. Prospects for further research in this direction are the development of a specific mechanism for managing the financial potential of enterprise to bring it in line with the patterns that affect changes both in the object of management and in the management system itself, which, in turn, allows influencing the ultimate goals of management of the financial potential of enterprise.

Характеристика концепції системи проєктування консалтингової діяльності в закладі вищої освіти в умовах невизначеності

The relevance of the research is determined by the conditions of uncertainty, which produce largescale transformations in all spheres of human life, which provide an opportunity for higher education institutions to adapt to the changing external environment by implementing consulting activities. The article focuses on the analysis of the theoretical and methodological bases of designing consulting activities in a higher education institution. The flexibility of the project approach in the management of a higher education institution is emphasized, which makes it different from the traditional process, provides advantages, contributes to the positioning of the institution and the formation of a positive image. It was noted that the issues of evaluating the effectiveness of designing consulting activities for higher education institutions remained practically unresolved. The article substantiates the expediency and necessity of designing consulting activities in the management process, which contributes to ensuring the consistency of modern requirements of pedagogical theory and practice with the needs of subjects of educational activity. The research examines the developed concept of the consulting activity design system as a tool for forming a positive image of the educational institution in the higher education system. The necessity of forming a concept of a system of designing consulting activities in a higher education institution in conditions of uncertainty is emphasized, which consists in the identification and use in the management process of project-management influences, which involve determining the needs and wishes of the subjects of educational activity (pedagogical, scientific and pedagogical workers and managers institutions of higher education) and their satisfaction in the market of educational services and the labor market. The implementation of the author's concept of the consulting activity design system in a higher education institution in conditions of uncertainty gives an opportunity to realize the importance of consulting activity design as a condition for improving its quality and modernization.

МОДЕЛЬ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ КОМПЕТЕНТНОЇ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ

In the conditions of rapid changes and technological progress, innovative development becomes a necessary condition for the effective functioning of any organization, which confirms the relevance of this issue. The purpose of the study is to determine the features and elemental composition of the innovative development model of a competent organization. Innovative development of a competent organization involves the implementation of strategies, tools and practices aimed at ensuring high competence of employees and effective knowledge management. The results of the analysis show that the innovative development of any organization is a unique multifactorial process of change, aimed at finding new ways of creating and realizing potential, the main goal of which is to maintain competitive positions on the market in conditions of a changing external environment. A conceptual model of innovative development of a competent organization is proposed, the main elements of which are the goal, organization, interested parties, innovative capacity and investment opportunities, components of innovative development. According to the proposed model, the main components of innovative development of a competent organization are: innovation-investment; administrative; behavioral; competent. The peculiarity of the proposed conceptual model is that it is focused on ensuring the innovative development of a competent organization, combining innovative and competence approaches. Effective management of the innovative development of a competent organization requires the integration of all elements of the model into a single system, which will allow the organization not only to maintain a competitive position in the market, but also to ensure an increase in the level of competitiveness in conditions of constant changes. The practical use of the proposed innovative development model will allow a competent organization to quickly adapt to changes in the external environment, flexibly respond to consumer demands, promote sustainable development, effective use of human capital, and increase the level of competitiveness, which is a necessary condition for the success of modern organizations.

중장년창업가의 셀프리더십 역량 요구분석

The purpose of this study was to examine the difference between the current possession and future necessity of self-leadership competency for successful start-ups and to derive self-leadership competency that should be developed first when developing self-leadership courses.&#x0D; The results of the study are as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the importance and necessity of self-leadership competency, both the importance and necessity of competency were high, and differences depending on gender, start-up period, and start-up experience were analyzed. Women showed the need for relatively higher self-leadership competency than men, and new start-ups showed the need for relatively higher self-leadership competency than re-start-ups. Early start-ups showed relatively higher self-leadership competency than start-ups. Second, as a result of analyzing difficulties at startup, senior entrepreneur are found to have difficulties in terms of responding to changing external environments and trends. Third, as a result of analyzing the self-leadership competency of senior entrepreneur, high demands for “self-management” were analyzed.&#x0D; The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data when developing self-leadership competency development programs for senior entrepreneur.

Method of structural-parametric adaptation of "smart city" to digital economy

Objectives. The interaction between a "smart city" and digital economy can be explored and analyzed within the framework of the structural-parametric adaptation method. This method allows the adaptation of the parameters and structure of the system model to ensure optimal functioning in the conditions of changing external environment. The concept of a "smart city" can be examined based on the principles of structural-parametric adaptation, such as interoperability, decentralization, virtualization, real-time operation, modularity, and service orientation. Within the scope of structural-parametric analysis, a "smart city" is regarded as a complex multi-level cyber-physical system.Methods. Structural-parametric adaptation methods and structural-parametric optimization methods are employed.Results. A general form of the algorithm for structural-parametric adaptation of the system and a mathematical model of the problem of structural-parametric optimization of "smart city" systems have been developed.Conclusion. To address the challenges of constructing, optimizing, and adapting the structure of a "smart city" system, it is necessary to consider the technical requirements of the system and the capabilities of the infrastructure used, and to apply the structural-parametric adaptation method.

An efficient end-capped engineering of pyrrole-based acceptor molecules for high-performance organic solar cells.

Various innovative molecules have been designed and explored for use in organic photovoltaics. In this study, we devised novel molecules (KZ1-KZ7) specifically for organic solar cells (OSCs). The newly formulated acceptor compounds possess a lower bandgap (Eg = 1.85-2.02), along with bathochromic shift (λmax = 713-788 nm) compared to the reference (Eg = 2.04 eV and λmax = 774 nm). Moreover, the FMO results identified the distinct charge transfer from HOMO to LUMO, which was strongly corroborated by the TDM maps. Similarly, the new designed molecules show less excitation energy (Ex = 1.31-1.54(gas)) than reference (Ex = 1.72). Likewise, all designed molecules (KZ1-KZ7) have demonstrated an analogous open circuit voltage (Voc) with the donor polymer PTB7-Th. All seven designed molecules (KZ1-KZ7) exhibited more fill factor ranging from 97.08 to 97.29 than reference 95.25 and PCE of between 8 and 20% at short circuit current densities of 9, 12, and 15 mA cm-2. Overall, the findings support that designed molecules can be potential molecules for future practical applications. Geometric calculations were conducted with Gaussian 09W software, and the findings were visualized using Gauss View software. DFT and TD-DFT were employed to evaluate various parameters for R and designed molecules (KZ1-KZ7). Firstly, four functionals including B3LYP, CAM-B3LYP, MPW1PW91, and ωB97XD with 6-31G(d,p) DFT level were applied to R to decide the best level for results. After appropriate analysis, the MPW1PW91/6-31G(d,p) was selected for further examination by comparing the experimental and DFT-based absorption graphs of R. External and internal reorganization energy are the two main factors contributing to reorganization energy. External energy refers to changes in external environment, while internal energy deals with information related to internal geometrical symmetry or the internal environment. The effect of outside factors or external reorganizational energy is omitted because it creates too little change.

ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ТЕКУЩЕГО ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ АГРЕГАТОВ ТРАНСМИССИИ ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ СРЕДСТВ ПОСРЕДСТВОМ ВИБРОДИАГНОСТИКИ ПРИ ТЕСТОВЫХ ЗАЕЗДАХ ПО ДОРОЖНОМУ СПЕЦУЧАСТКУ

The transmission of a car is considered as a diagnostic object in this article. Significant diagnostic signs for the designated purposes are indirect (acoustic, vibrational, thermal, etc.). From the practice of operation, it is known that the vibrations that occur during the operation of a technically serviceable node, transmission unit, differ from the vibrations that occur during the operation of a failed node, as well as from a node that is in a pre-failure state. It is obvious that as the resource is exhausted, the spectral composition of the vibrations transmitted by the transmission units to the external environment changes. Consequently, by changing the spectral composition of vibrations, we have the opportunity to track the change in the technical condition of the mechanical unit from its serviceable condition up to its failure (node failure). Hardware, this can be done using built-in vehicle design, or external, specially installed vibration sensors.

Impact of Road Central Greening Configuration on Driver Eye Movements: A Study Based on Real Vehicle Experiments

Safe driving depends on drivers’ ability to rapidly and accurately process information in varying traffic conditions. The presence of central green landscapes on roads is a key factor in this context. However, there is a gap in current research, which tends to focus on qualitative aspects of landscape design while lacking quantitative data-driven analyses. In this study, we aim to address this gap by investigating the impact of road central greening configuration on the eye movements of young novice drivers, a population particularly sensitive to external environmental changes. Specifically, we explore the influence of central green landscapes on four visual parameters: driver gaze, saccade, blinking, and pupil behavior. Through real vehicle experiments conducted on different road sections, we collected visual feature data to comprehensively analyze the patterns of driver eye movements. Our findings reveal that the introduction of central green landscapes can exert cognitive pressure on drivers, leading to specific alterations in their visual parameters. These changes include dispersed gaze points, reduced effective gaze durations, increased gaze frequencies, extended saccade durations and angles, heightened blink durations and frequencies, and reduced pupil area. By shedding light on the intricate interplay between road central greenery and driver behavior, this study provides valuable insights for optimizing landscape design in transportation planning and enhancing road safety considerations.

The Impact of Change Management on Enhancing Performance Efficiency at Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Hospital at Riyadh

The study aims to investigate the impact of change management on enhancing performance efficiency at Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Hospital in Riyadh. To achieve this goal, the researchers opted for the descriptive approach. the study sample consisted of (150) from the study items (Administrative, Doctor, Nurse and Technician) at Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Hospital in Riyadh. The study utilized a questionnaire as a research tool for data collection, and in light of that, the study arrived at several results, with the most significant being the study on the impact of change management on enhancing performance efficiency at Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Hospital in Riyadh. The findings indicate a significant positive correlation between effective change management strategies (Cultural, Technological, Structural, and Human Dimension) and enhancing performance efficiency within the organization. These outcomes collectively contribute to a heightened level of performance and productivity. As organizations navigate an increasingly dynamic business environment, the importance of embracing change management practices becomes evident in sustaining and enhancing operational effectiveness. The study recommends the following in light of the results The necessity of thorough and well-planned change management through the development of long-term strategic plans, along with the presence of short-term goals. The importance of ensuring that organizational structural changes align with the internal work requirements within the hospital, following careful study of both internal and external environmental change requirements. Working on automating systems within the government sector and developing technology for use within the hospital to enhance quality of healthcare services provided by the hospital.

A Landslide Displacement Prediction Model Based on the ICEEMDAN Method and the TCN–BiLSTM Combined Neural Network

Influenced by autochthonous geological conditions and external environmental changes, the evolution of landslides is mostly nonlinear. This article proposes a combined neural network prediction model that combines a temporal convolutional neural network (TCN) and a bidirectional long short-term memory neural network (BiLSTM) to address the shortcomings of traditional recurrent neural networks in predicting displacement-fluctuation-type landslides. Based on the idea of time series decomposition, the improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with an adaptive noise method (ICEEMDAN) was used to decompose displacement time series data into trend and fluctuation terms. Trend displacement is mainly influenced by the internal geological conditions of a landslide, and polynomial fitting is used to determine the future trend displacement; The displacement of the fluctuation term is mainly influenced by the external environment of landslides. This article selects three types of landslide-influencing factors: rainfall, groundwater level elevation, and the historical displacement of landslides. It uses a combination of gray correlation (GRG) and mutual information (MIC) correlation modules for feature screening. Then, TCN is used to extract landslide characteristic factors, and BiLSTM captures the relationship between features and displacement to achieve the prediction of wave term displacement. Finally, the trend term and fluctuation term displacement prediction values are reconstructed to obtain the total displacement prediction value. The results indicate that the ICEEMDAN–TCN–BiLSTM model proposed in this article can accurately predict landslide displacement and has high engineering application value, which is helpful for planning and constructing landslide disaster prevention projects.

Ecosystem sensitivity and landscape vulnerability of debris flow waste-shoal land under development and utilization changes

Debris flow waste-shoal land (DFWSL) is a new type of ecosystem in ecologically fragile areas of debris flows that is extremely sensitive to natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Existing studies have focused on the availability and utilization of DFWSL and impact analysis of DFWSL use with external environmental changes but have neglected to evaluate the vulnerability and sensitivity of the DFWSL system itself. To gain a more in-depth understanding of the sensitivity and vulnerability of the DFWSL system and the spatial relationship between them. In this study, a comprehensive and general methodology was developed to quantitatively illustrate the spatiotemporal changes of sensitivity and vulnerability of DFWSL and explore the spatially heterogeneous relationships between these relations and several socio-ecological drivers, integrating land transfer matrix, global Moran’s I and local Moran’s I, geographical detector, and multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) methods. Results show that the main land use types in the DFWSL, from 2014 to 2022, were cultivated and construction land. During that period, the area of cultivated land and water area decreased by 24.3% and 49.36%, respectively, while the area of forest land and construction land increased by 42.29% and 31.71%, respectively. Overall system sensitivity decreased during this period. The severe sensitive (Mid-High and High) area gradually decreased to the periphery areas and river basin outflows. The mild sensitive area increased (81% in 2014, 83% in 2018, and 90% in 2020) and was mainly located in the central area, mainly affected by elevation, rainfall, slope, and NDVImax. Landscape vulnerability (fragmentation) was mainly present in the central area, which was dominated by human activity (cultivated and construction land). The distributions of landscape vulnerability and sensitivity displayed a non-correspondence spatial correlation. This study improved our understanding of the spatial distribution characteristics of vulnerability and sensitivity of DFWSL and provided a basis for devising solutions to problems associated with disaster reduction and development.

Administrative and legal factors influencing the formation of sustainable development of the region in a changing external environment

In the modern context of global changes, the study of the influence of administrative and legal factors on the sustainable development of regions is of particular relevance, which is also due to the hyperdynamics of the external environment. The main purpose of the article is to identify and streamline the main administrative and legal factors influencing the formation of sustainable development of the region in a changing external environment. Key research methods are the method of hierarchical analysis, paired comparison, expert analysis and the Delphi method. A scientific question has been formulated based on the results of a literature review, which is how to more effectively implement administrative and legal support for the formation of sustainable development of the region. Valid methods are disclosed due to their step-by-step application. An analysis of the dynamics of key indicators of sustainable development of one of the regions was carried out. A modern model for the formation of sustainable development of the region is proposed, considering the conditions of the changing external environment and focusing on administrative and legal principles, which is characterized by blocks and a schematic explanation. A methodological approach to modelling the definition and ordering of the main administrative and legal factors influencing the formation of sustainable development of the egion in a changing external environment has been developed. Based on the results of the modelling, it was determined that the most significant factors of influence within the framework of administrative and legal support for the formation of sustainable development of the Lviv region in a changing external environment are martial law, administrative court proceeding and local self-government and decentralization. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been proven through the ability to satisfy all information needs of subjects of sustainable development in the region. The practical significance of the research results is revealed in the possibility of using the proposed model and methodological approach in the work of public services and the public administration system of the region

A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge on Stress Management among Staff Nurses at Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital Kalitheerthalkuppam

Stress is a physical or emotional state of response always present in a personal as a result of living it is intensified in a non specific response to an internal or external environmental change or threat. stress is frequently described as “ the black plaque of the eighties or the modern epidemic has become an important feature and major problem of everyday life threatening individual organization and social health. Numerous studies have indicated that job stress is significant in nursing, it was found that job stress brought about hazardous impacts not only as nurses health but also their abilities to cope with job demands. this will seriously impair the provision of quality care and efficacy of health services delivery further more professional stress has been found to be one of the major work related health problems. Therefore it is important to understand how work associated stress affects nurses and what factors in their working environment cause the greatest burden. it is also of great importance to gain more knowledge of nurses working condition, occupational stress it management, knowledge that might be used to decrease nurses. professional stress and increase their stress managing abilities.