Export Products Research Articles

Climate effects on the diversification strategy of export firms: Evidence from China.

Using a multi-product trade model, this study investigates the impact of temperature on firms' diversification in the export market. Using export and meteorological data of Chinese firms from 2000 to 2016, the empirical results confirm an inverted U-shaped relationship, implying that extreme temperatures significantly reduce firms' export product diversification. The analysis shows that extreme temperatures primarily reduce the variety of both new and existing products, with a less robust effect on product exit strategies. General trade firms are more adaptable to extreme temperatures than processing trade firms, and are likely to maintain diversified strategies. Stronger regional financial markets and higher energy consumption increase the adaptability of local firms to extreme temperatures. Firms have not yet adapted to local climatic norms. Furthermore, extreme temperatures also partly inhibit diversification of export destinations and relationships. The results of the study show that as climate change intensifies, leading to more frequent extreme temperatures, firms will face significant hurdles in pursuing diversified development strategies, pointing to increasing challenges ahead.

ШЛЯХИ ВИРІШЕННЯ ЛОГІСТИЧНИХ ПРОБЛЕМ ПРИЧОРНОМОРСЬКОГО РЕГІОНУ УКРАЇНИ НА ТЛІ РОСІЙСЬКОЇ БЛОКАДИ ЧОРНОМОРСЬКИХ ПОРТІВ

The article is devoted to the analysis of logistical problems caused for Ukraine and the world by the Russian blockade of the Black Sea and sea routes of the Black Sea region. The author describes in detail the negative consequences of the blockade (a sharp reduction in the export of Ukrainian grain, an increase in world food prices, the threat of a food crisis in the countries of Africa and Asia, economic losses for Ukraine), explores ways to solve this problem, for example, the organization of one's own grain corridor with the help of increasing military presence in certain parts of the Black Sea, as well as the use of alternative ways of transporting products through river ports, railways and roads, compares the economic feasibility and general capabilities of Ukraine and its allies in providing cargo transportation, calculates the total effect of simultaneous use as the Ukrainian "grain corridor" itself, as well as a set of possible alternative modes of transportation. The article reveals the main problems of using alternative methods of transportation of export products of Ukraine, as well as possible ways to solve these problems. The author emphasizes the significant economic losses that Ukraine received from the blockade of the Black Sea by the Russians, primarily because the export of food from our country is a rather important source of filling the state treasury with foreign currency, which makes it possible to restrain possible, large inflation in wartime conditions, and to reduce currency interventions by the National Bank of Ukraine. The author also describes in detail the military maneuvers used by the representatives of the armed forces of Ukraine to reduce the presence of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation in the western part of the water area, such as: the sinking of the cruiser "Moskva", the return to the world of control of gas and oil production facilities, as well as the liberation of the island "Zmiiny". It was emphasized that the illegal Russian blockade of the Black Sea is a serious challenge for Ukraine and the world. Overcoming it will require joint efforts and coordination of actions at the international level.

Managing the production of agricultural export products in the context of sustainable development

The relevance of the research undertaken in this article is determined by the fact that recently the concept of sustainable development has changed significantly, and from an auxiliary element ensuring the implementation of production processes, it has become a powerful tool for organizing and conducting production activities in agriculture. Grain production management, based on the use of the concept of sustainable development, is the most important direction for optimizing the production system in any developed country. The presented article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the organization and management of agricultural production in the transition to sustainable development. The necessity of using the concept of sustainable development as a basic condition for the successful development of environmentally friendly agricultural production is substantiated. The perspective directions of interaction of participants in the agricultural production system during the transition to sustainable development are considered. A system of measures adapted to the conditions of environmental management is proposed, contributing to the successful functioning of agricultural production, taking into account the basic principles of sustainable development.

Trends, Growth, Production Instability and Export Dynamics Analysis of Basmati Rice in India

The research examined the trends, growth rates, and instability in Basmati rice production and export in India from 2001 to 2021. Secondary time series data on these parameters were collected from diverse sources including the official websites of the Department of Agriculture and Farmer’s Welfare, Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence, the Agricultural and Processed Food Product Export Development Authority (APEDA) and Statistics (DGCI&S) and Ministry of Commerce and Industry. Various analytical tools such as Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) for growth rate analysis, Coefficient of Variation (CV), Coppock Instability Index, Cuddy Della Valle Index, and Index Number for instability analysis, and R-square for linear, second-degree, and polynomial regression for trend analysis were employed which served as a metric for goodness of fit. The analysis revealed significant insights into the dynamics of Basmati rice production and export over the study period. Notable findings include fluctuations in growth rates, trends indicating periods of acceleration or deceleration, and instability factors impacting production and export. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the Basmati rice industry in India, informing policymakers, stakeholders,

Research on the Impact of Digital Economy on China’s Agricultural Product Export Trade

Research on the Impact of Digital Economy on China’s Agricultural Product Export Trade

Ekspor Teh Hitam Indonesia ke Jepang: Struktur Pasar dan Daya Saing

Indonesian tea export to international market is dominated by black tea. Japan becomes the black tea export destination with big untapped export potential, but has volatile export value, thus hinders the optimization of black tea export potential to Japan. This study aims to analyze the market structure and competitiveness as well as determine the Indonesian black tea market expansion to Japan. This study employs Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), Concentration Ratio (CR4), Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), Export Product Dynamic (EPD), and X-Model Potential Export Products. The results show that the packaged and bulk black tea market structure in Japan is oligopoly. Indonesian bulk black tea gains comparative advantage, whereas Indonesian packaged black tea lacks comparative advantage in Japan market. Besides that, Indonesian bulk black tea has stronger competitive advantage over Indonesian packaged black tea. Furthermore, Indonesian bulk black tea is able to become the focus of export expansion to Japan at the moment.

패널중력모형을 이용한 한국 농식품 수출 결정요인분석

Korea's agri-food exports are entering a new transition period. Today, agriculture is transforming from the concept of agriculture in the past into a sixth industry and an important industry in the country. This study analyzed the determinants of exports of Korean agri-food, targeting Russia in the Sinbuk Prevention region, Brazil in Latin America, Germany in the European Union, and Australia in other regions, which were selected to diversify the market for Korea's agri-food exports and expand its global base, and provided implications for the selection of export strategy countries for market diversification. Applying the gravity model, which is widely used in international trade analysis, the gross national product per capita, the number of Koreans, the distance to the capital of Korea and the capital of the country to be analyzed, the logistics performance index, and the Korean Wave were analyzed as variables. Based on the analysis results, the selection of export strategy countries to diversify Korea's agri-food export market is very appropriate, and statistically significant results were shown in strengthening the export competitiveness of Korea's agri-food. In order to expand exports in the future, it was suggested that in addition to product development and export support policies, measures to expand exports by improving export infrastructure and forming cultural consensus should be actively sought.

Effective Export Strategy Issue for Foreign Trade Activity of the Develped Economy Enterprises

The published article presents possible ways penetration and promotion of goods into foreign markets based on experience of developed economies in the focus of separate business management decision. The purpose of the publishing is to identify the key features of overseas trade and business activity for developed, new organized companies and its strategies, managers, entrepreneurs and scientist. Within a way of decision making concern about foreign trade activity beginning is important to estimate all kind of business parts due to organize profitable business and minimize all the kind of risks. The publishing is analyzing the possibilities of the overseas trade activity for a Company regardless of a company business location and size. A significant expansion of the key features of overseas trade was noted. The authors present a special theoretical approaches and scientific solutions concern of decision-making regarding foreign economic activity within the framework of strategic planning and development of the enterprise regardless of its size and nature of the enterprise activity in the conditions of the development of global economic process. The scientific research of this publishing is based on the following methods: analyses, generalization to identify the key features of export and overseas business activity as well as to select structural characteristic for international trade activity that might be implemented to incoming companies’ strategy of growing. The publication substantiates the need to control operating costs, acquire administrative and financial skills, and additional professional consulting services. There are main point for any managers like following: sense for exporting, obstacles to exporting, making the export decision, the pros and cons of exporting, getting the company ready to enter the export market, the new to export entrepreneur, key export products and destinations, the tools of trade, counseling sources. The presented article has practical significance in terms of minimizing possible management risks and can be useful for the successful start and development of foreign economic activity to any directions or type of the products and servicing.

중소기업 수출지원 사업 활용 현황 및 개선방안에 관한 연구

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to review the export support projects in Jeollabuk-do and to provide implications to the policy makers and to the local exporters. Based on this review, the study proposes future measures to enhance the efficiency of the current Jeollabuk-do export support project.
 Design/methodology/approach - This study reviews export support projects in Jeollabuk-do, dexamines program types and utilization status, and subsequently summarizes the key aspects of Jeollabuk-do SMEs’ export support projects.
 Findings - This study suggests that Jeollabuk-do's export support project can become more effective through active development of overseas markets and professional integration of marketing activities, particularly focusing on regionally specialized export products. Additionally, given the crucial roles played by the government, related agencies, and local offices in improving the export capabilities of SMEs in Jeollabuk-do, there is an emphasis on the need for continuous and systematic follow-up management and the establishment of export support projects and services.
 Research implications or Originality - While small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Korea account for a significant portion of export activities, their actual export performance and contribution are low. The export competitiveness of SMEs, particularly those located in regions other than Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, is not improving despite various export support projects being promoted. Under the circumstances, this study provide meaningful implications to the policy makers and to the local exporters.

Export Diversification, Financial Sector Development and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from West African Sub-Region

In this study, we explored the influence of trade diversification and financial sector development on economic growth of ten West African countries for the period 2007 to 2020. The study employed the panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model since some of the variables were stationary at level while others were stationary at first difference, fully modified ordinary least squares approach of estimation, and Granger causality test. The findings of the study from the ARDL model indicated that export diversification exerts a negative effect on economic growth both in the short-run and in the long-run, though such effect were insignificant. The effect of financial sector development on growth is observed to be positive and significant in the short-run, and negative and significant in the long-run. From the robustness check, the FMOLS result indicated that export diversification exerted a negative and significant effect on growth; while the effect of financial development is positive but insignificant. The Granger causality test revealed that a unidirectional causality flow between export diversification and economic growth, with the former causing the latter. The implication of this findings is that countries within the West African region should specialize in some export products in order to boost efficiency in production and the resultant effect on greater export and export earnings.

Issuance of Health Certificate (HC) and Health Fish Fishery Products (Ki-D1) on Seawater Lobster Panulirius Sp at BBKIPM Makassar

Lobster is a marine animal that belongs to the Crustacean or shrimp, this type of giant shrimp belongs to the Nephropidae and also the Homaridae family. The advantages of lobster as an export product, namely increasing the country's foreign exchange. The requirements for export eligibility are that lobsters are not in a state of laying eggs that are visible on the outer abdomen and carapace size of 6 cm and weight above 150 grams/lobster. The method of activity implementation is carried out through field work activities, literature studies and interviews with primary and secondary data. interviews with primary and secondary data types. BBKIPM Makassar conducts several procedures that must be fulfilled by the applicant, namely submission of applications, document examination, physical examination of lobsters Panulirius sp and clinical examination of carrier media, the process of issuing health certificates (HC), and KI-D1. (HC) and KI-D1, verification and payment of PNBP and supervision. After all procedures are fulfilled, the product can proceed to the exporting.

Competitiveness and Factors Influencing Indonesian Clove Exports to Eight Export Destination Countries from 2005-2020

Indonesia is the largest clove producer and exporter in the world, but from 2005 to 2020 the average clove export was dominated by Madagascar. As the largest clove producer, Indonesia should be able to dominate the export market, especially cloves. Therefore, this study aims to determine the competitiveness position of Indonesian cloves and analyze the economic factors that affect Indonesian cloves exports. In this study, the analysis method use Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamics (EPD), and a Fixed Effect Model (FEM) for panel data of eight export destination countries from 2005-2020. The results show that the competitiveness of Indonesian cloves is above the world average. The competitive position of Indonesia's clove exports in the Netherlands, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, United States, and Vietnam is a rising star. At the same time, the other two markets (India and Singapore) are falling stars. In addition, the export prices have a significant effect on the volume of Indonesian clove exports. Indonesian clove production and destination countries' GDP per capita have a positive effect, while economic distance has a negative effect on the volume of Indonesian clove exports.

The role of tourism development in boosting export product diversification in China: A provincial perspective

Tourism has emerged as a major sector, and it is considered a significant contributor to the development of the host countries. Tourism development (TD) is believed, inter alia, to be a key promoter of export product diversification (EPD). This study explores the liaison between tourism development and export product diversification in China and across its regions (i.e., Eastern, Central, & Western) using the data for the period of 2011-2019. The Driscoll-Kraay standard errors (DKSEs) is adopted for empirical analysis along with feasible generalized least-squares (FGLS) and panel-corrected standard errors (PCSEs). The findings revealed an inverted U-shaped liaison between the TD and EPD. The estimates are robust and insensitive to econometric models, measures of tourism development, and the inclusion of other key covariates. The relationship between industrial structure, natural resource endowments, human capital, and economic growth is positive and statistically significant. The study revealed similar findings that were significant across regions. The policy insinuation is that the government should devise such policies to boost TD in order to promote EPD and sustainable development.

Exploration of cross-border e-commerce and its logistics supply chain innovation and development path for agricultural exports based on deep learning

Abstract This paper studies the cross-border e-commerce of agricultural products and its logistics supply chain collaborative management approach, the overall transaction mode and basic content, and proposes a cross-border e-commerce supply chain conceptual model. Aiming at the problems of agricultural product supply chains, a method for predicting agricultural product export prices is proposed. The Prophet algorithm under deep learning is utilized to construct the Prophet agricultural product price prediction model for trend, cycle, and holiday terms. Over the introduction of RNN algorithms and LSEM algorithms to optimize the prediction performance of the model, as well as the gradient explosion. On this basis, GRU neural networks are proposed as an improved model of RNN-LSTM. Prediction comparison experiments are designed to empirically analyze agricultural export price prediction and supply chain logistics risk control, and the results of the empirical analysis show that the vegetable export price predicted by using Prophet algorithm during the period of date 2013/4-2013/9 is 2.975, which differs from the actual price by 0.009 yuan, and the margin of error is in the interval of [-0.091,0.014], which is the smallest variation among the three algorithms, which shows that Prophet model has the best performance. After optimizing the FAPSC risk control coefficient, the risk value of supply chain logistics and transportation was successfully reduced from 0.364 to 0.296, and FAPSC effectively minimized the risk.

Penerapan Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor untuk Menentukan Potensi Ekspor Komoditas Pertanian di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah

Agriculture is a highly robust sector in Indonesia. This is evidenced in Central Sulawesi Province, where the gross domestic product (GDP) from the agricultural sector, based on constant prices from 2018 to 2021, continues to experience growth. Such conditions suggest that commodities in the agricultural sector have the potential to become export products, enabling a greater economic boost for the region. Before engaging in exports, it is necessary to identify which commodities have potential. One way to determine this is by applying Klassentypology. To simplify the process, it can be implemented in machine learning using the K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm. K-Nearest Neighbor is chosen because this algorithm can handle data containing noise and has good adaptability when given new data. In this research, two machine learning models were developed. The first model is used to classify whether a commodity is advancing or lagging, while the second model is used to classify commodities that grow rapidly and slowly. The highest accuracy obtained from the first model is 96.23%. Meanwhile, the highest accuracy from the second model is 93.49%.

The future of African wild fruits – a drive towards responsible production and consumption of the marula fruit

The marula fruit has played a central role in the dietary intake, socioeconomic standing, and cultural practices of communities in southern Africa for over 10,000 years. The marula fruit is rich in nutritional compounds such as vitamins, minerals, organic acids, and amino acids which contribute to the health properties of the final products. These products can be sold informally by locals or developed into commercially viable, export products. The recent domestic and international demand for marula fruit-based products has raised sustainability concerns such as over-harvesting, habitat destruction, and unsustainable production practices. Given these challenges, a responsible and inclusive approach to marula production and consumption is required to meet the nutritional needs and sustainably contribute to the socioeconomic development of these communities. As a result, a scoping review approach was used to map out the literature on the production and consumption of the marula fruit. All reviewed literature explicitly focused on the marula fruit, the responsible use of the marula fruit, and sustainability practices in the production and consumption of marula fruit-based products. Furthermore, this review examined the potential benefits and challenges of expanding the production and consumption of marula products and identified strategies for promoting sustainable practices and equitable distribution of benefits. Despite the challenges in pre-and-postharvest processing, the marula fruit has remained a valuable resource. Thus, the sustainable production and consumption of the marula fruit require a holistic approach that addresses these challenges and promotes sustainable practices and equitable distribution of benefits. Central to this approach is the application of various technologies to establish robust value chains so the marula fruit industry can thrive.

Analyisis of Marketing for Export Products of Coconut Shell Charcoal Briquettes

This research contains an analysis of the marketing mix strategy towards the export of coconut shell charcoal briquette products. This research, which uses a qualitative study method, aims to provide information to briquette charcoal business actors on the export potential of briquette charcoal with a marketing mix strategy approach and SWOT analysis results. The results of this study provide the convenience obtained in marketing briquetted charcoal products effectively and efficiently

Phenotypic and genetic characterization of an Avena sativa L. germplasm collection of diverse origin: implications for food-oat breeding in Chile.

Oats are known for their nutritional value and also for their beneficial properties on human health, such as the reduction of cholesterol levels and risk of coronary heart disease; they are an important export product for Chile. During the last decade (2010-2022) over 90% of the oat cultivated area in Chile has been covered with Avena sativa L. cv. Supernova INIA. This lack of genetic diversity in a context of climate change could limit the long-term possibility of growing oats in Chile. The present study is a phenotypic and genetic analysis of 132 oat cultivars and pure lines of diverse origin that can be considered as potential breeding material. The germplasm was evaluated for 28 traits and analyzed with 14 SSR markers. The effects of genotypes on phenotype were significant over all traits (P ≤ 0.05). Most traits exhibited moderate to high broad-sense heritability with exceptions such as yield (H2 = 0.27) and hulls staining (H2 = 0.32). Significant undesirable correlations between traits were generally of small biological importance, which is auspicious for achieving breeding objectives. Some of the heritability data and correlations provided here have not been previously reported. The overall phenotypic diversity was high (H' = 0.68 ± 0.18). The germplasm was grouped into three phenotypic clusters, differing in their qualities for breeding. Twenty-six genotypes outperforming Supernova INIA were identified for breeding of conventional food-oats. The genetic diversity of the germplasm was moderate on average (He = 0.58 ± 0.03), varying between 0.32 (AM22) and 0.77 (AME178). Two genetic subpopulations supported by the Structure algorithm exhibited a genetic distance of 0.24, showing low divergence of the germplasm. The diversity and phenotypic values found in this collection of oat genotypes are promising with respect to obtaining genetic gain in the short term in breeding programs. However, the similar genetic diversity, higher phenotypic diversity, and better phenotypic performance of the germplasm created in Chile compared to foreign germplasm suggest that germplasm harboring new genetic diversity will be key to favor yield and quality in new oat cultivars in the long term.

ANALYSIS OF THE STATE AND DYNAMICS OF UKRAINE'S FOREIGN TRADE IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF A FULL-SCALE INVASION WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THE FTA+ WITH THE EU

ANALYSIS OF THE STATE AND DYNAMICS OF UKRAINE'S FOREIGN TRADE IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF A FULL-SCALE INVASION WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THE FTA+ WITH THE EU

Daya Saing Kopi Indonesia di Pasar Internasional dalam 3 Dekade Terakhir

Coffee is one of the most important commodities that have an important role in economic growth, especially in supporting the increase of non-oil exports in Indonesia and as a foreign exchange earner. The purpose of this article is to analyze competitiveness of Indonesian coffee in international market in the last 3 decades or during period 1989–2019. Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamic (EPD), X-Model Potential Export Product and Diamond Porter’s is used to analysis competitiveness. The results of the analysis of competitiveness using the RCA method show that not all HS codes for Indonesian coffee and competing countries have a comparative advantage, Indonesian coffee has strong competitiveness for HS code 090111 but has no strong competitive power for other HS codes. The results of the EPD method show that for all HS codes Indonesian coffee and competing countries have a rising star position or have positive appeal and increased market share. The results of the X-Model Potential Export Product method show that Indonesia and competing countries have optimistic coffee market developments for HS code 090111 and have potential market developments for HS codes 090112, 090121, 090122, and 090190. From the results of Porter Diamond's analysis, the results obtained that the State of Indonesia has advantages in terms of condition factors, namely natural resources and has weaknesses in science and technology, human resources and capital resources.