ШЛЯХИ ВИРІШЕННЯ ЛОГІСТИЧНИХ ПРОБЛЕМ ПРИЧОРНОМОРСЬКОГО РЕГІОНУ УКРАЇНИ НА ТЛІ РОСІЙСЬКОЇ БЛОКАДИ ЧОРНОМОРСЬКИХ ПОРТІВ

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of logistical problems caused for Ukraine and the world by the Russian blockade of the Black Sea and sea routes of the Black Sea region. The author describes in detail the negative consequences of the blockade (a sharp reduction in the export of Ukrainian grain, an increase in world food prices, the threat of a food crisis in the countries of Africa and Asia, economic losses for Ukraine), explores ways to solve this problem, for example, the organization of one's own grain corridor with the help of increasing military presence in certain parts of the Black Sea, as well as the use of alternative ways of transporting products through river ports, railways and roads, compares the economic feasibility and general capabilities of Ukraine and its allies in providing cargo transportation, calculates the total effect of simultaneous use as the Ukrainian "grain corridor" itself, as well as a set of possible alternative modes of transportation. The article reveals the main problems of using alternative methods of transportation of export products of Ukraine, as well as possible ways to solve these problems. The author emphasizes the significant economic losses that Ukraine received from the blockade of the Black Sea by the Russians, primarily because the export of food from our country is a rather important source of filling the state treasury with foreign currency, which makes it possible to restrain possible, large inflation in wartime conditions, and to reduce currency interventions by the National Bank of Ukraine. The author also describes in detail the military maneuvers used by the representatives of the armed forces of Ukraine to reduce the presence of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation in the western part of the water area, such as: the sinking of the cruiser "Moskva", the return to the world of control of gas and oil production facilities, as well as the liberation of the island "Zmiiny". It was emphasized that the illegal Russian blockade of the Black Sea is a serious challenge for Ukraine and the world. Overcoming it will require joint efforts and coordination of actions at the international level.