PRINCIPLES OF INSTALLING LOCAL MONITORING POINTS OF THE GROUND AND SURFACE WATER AT OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION SITES

Abstract

The article considers the principles for the spatial layout of local monitoring points of the hydrosphere state on the territory of oil and gas production enterprises. The general conceptual approaches to the development of monitoring network have been defined with account of the specifics of oil and gas production facilities that are viewed as pollution sources of the underground and surface water. The selection and location criteria for the monitoring points have been developed, which have been classified into such categories as water supply wells, water pits, tapping springs, monitoring wells and surface water objects. The author has proved that the key basis for installing the water monitoring points is the digital terrain model, which serves the basis for defining not only the structure of surface water runoff, but also the water flow course of shallow unconfined groundwater. The algorithm for developing the digital terrain model and for modeling the borders of water catchment areas on the selected sections by means of geoinformation technologies has been provided. The author of the article has analyzed the principles of installing the monitoring wells, based on the directions and filtration parameters of the phreatic aquifer. However, their main task should be the quick interception of contaminated water at the operation sites of oil and gas production facilities. Therefore, the number of monitoring wells depends on the number of such objects (or areas of their concentration) on the oil and gas field. In the absence of hydrogeological data on the plane structure of the groundwater surface levels, it is appropriate to use the model of water runoff to define the water flow course, at least in the landscape conditions of the Eastern oil and gas basin in Left-Bank Ukraine. To define the layout of the surface water quality monitoring points, the most effective tools are to develop the digital terrain model and to model the borders of water catchment areas on the selected sections by means of modern geoinformation technologies. The article includes the approaches to the installation of local network monitoring points of the underground and surface water, which can be also applied to the estimation procedure of the environmental impact of both oil and gas deposits in general and separate oil and gas facilities.