Expert Committee Research Articles

DIETARY ADHERENCE COMPONENT OF END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE ADHERENCE QUESTIONNAIRE (ESRD-AQ): TRANSLATION AND VALIDATION

Introduction: A nutritionally balanced diet is crucial among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients to maintain their health status. An appropriate instrument is needed to assess ESRD patients’ adherence towards dietary recommendations. Several questionnaires to measure adherence behaviours of ESRD patients are available but none has ever been translated into the Malay language. Therefore, this study aimed to translate the End-stage Renal Disease Adherence Questionnaire (ESRD-AQ), focusing on the dietary adherence component, from English to Malay. Methodology: Forward and backward translations of the questionnaire were done involving experts in dietetics and linguistics to produce a pre-harmonized Malay translation and two backward English translations according to established guidelines. An expert committee reviewed these translated questionnaires to produce a harmonized version. This then underwent a pre-test and cognitive interview, as well as face validity assessment, involving 15 hemodialysis patients. The Cronbach’s alpha was also analyzed to assess the internal consistency of the questionnaire. Results: Minor amendments were made to several phrases during the expert committee review to ensure the translated questionnaire was contextually appropriate and culturally adapted in Malay language. All questions in the Malay version of ESRD-AQ achieved a Face Validity Index (FVI) value of 1.00, indicating high validity. Additionally, the questionnaire produced a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.84, which is within the acceptable range. Conclusion: The Malay version of ESRD-AQ (Dietary Adherence Component) underwent translation and validation protocols, the findings of which indicate that it is clear, comprehensible, and reliable for use in assessing dietary adherence among ESRD patients in Malaysia.

РАЗРАБОТКА КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЙ ЭКСПЕРТНОЙ ПРОГРАММЫ ОЦЕНКИ СОСТОЯНИЯ ПЕРИИМПЛАНТАТНЫХ ТКАНЕЙ

The subject of the research – expert assessment of the quality of implant prosthetics.
 The goal – creation of an instrument and clinical testing of the TAPATR computer program for assessing the condition of soft and hard peri-implant tissues, which is a diagnostic, prognostic and control method.
 Methodology. The subjects of the study were 48 people (11 men, 37 women) aged from 48 to 65 years (average age 58.2 ± 4.8 years). A comparative assessment of the proposed method (questionnaire) and the X-ray examination method (cone-beam tomography) was carried out. Statistical processing of materials was carried out using SAS v9.4 software.
 Results. Successful initial clinical validation of the method was carried out. A comparison of the survey and radiological assessment led to reliably identical results, namely, a direct pattern of deterioration in the health of peri-implant tissues depending on the degree of peri-implantitis. Statistical analysis showed that there are significant correlations between all indicators: between a high level of health and the absence of illness, a good level of health and class 2 illness, (r = 0.42 and r = 0.42, respectively). A moderate correlation has been proven between a low level of health and disease class 2 (r = 0.56) and severe – between a satisfactory level of health and class 3 (r = 0.76).
 Conclusion 
 1. An expert method for assessing the condition of soft and hard peri-implant tissues has been developed.
 2. High objectivity, validity and reliability of the presented method have been proven.
 3. The proposed method can be used in clinical settings, in expert assessment of the quality of prosthetics, and also in the work of conflict expert commissions.

Current recommendations for procedure selection in class I and II obesity developed by an expert modified Delphi consensus.

Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is widely considered the most effective option for treating obesity, a chronic, relapsing, and progressive disease. Recently, the American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) and the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO) issued new guidelines on the indications for MBS, which have superseded the previous 1991 National Institutes of Health guidelines. The aim of this study is to establish the first set of consensus guidelines for selecting procedures in Class I and II obesity, using an Expert Modified Delphi Method. In this study, 78 experienced bariatric surgeons from 32 countries participated in a two-round Modified Delphi consensus voting process. The threshold for consensus was set at an agreement or disagreement of ≥ 70.0% among the experts. The experts reached a consensus on 54 statements. The committee of experts reached a consensus that MBS is a cost-effective treatment option for Class II obesity and for patients with Class I obesity who have not achieved significant weight loss through non-surgical methods. MBS was also considered suitable for patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and a body mass index (BMI) of 30kg/m2 or higher. The committee identified intra-gastric balloon (IGB) as a treatment option for patients with class I obesity and endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) as an option for patients with class I and II obesity, as well as for patients with T2DM and a BMI of ≥ 30kg/m2. Sleeve gastrectomy (1) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) were also recognized as viable treatment options for these patient groups. The committee also agreed that one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is a suitable option for patients with Class II obesity and T2DM, regardless of the presence or severity of obesity-related medical problems. The recommendations for selecting procedures in Class I and II obesity, developed through an Expert Modified Delphi Consensus, suggest that the use of standard primary bariatric endoscopic (IGB, ESG) and surgical procedures (SG, RYGB, OAGB) are acceptable in these patient groups, as consensus was reached regarding these procedures. However, randomized controlled trials are still needed in Class I and II Obesity to identify the best treatment approach for these patients in the future.

Deep learning for differentiation of osteolytic osteosarcoma and giant cell tumor around the knee joint on radiographs: a multicenter study

ObjectivesTo develop a deep learning (DL) model for differentiating between osteolytic osteosarcoma (OS) and giant cell tumor (GCT) on radiographs.MethodsPatients with osteolytic OS and GCT proven by postoperative pathology were retrospectively recruited from four centers (center A, training and internal testing; centers B, C, and D, external testing). Sixteen radiologists with different experiences in musculoskeletal imaging diagnosis were divided into three groups and participated with or without the DL model’s assistance. DL model was generated using EfficientNet-B6 architecture, and the clinical model was trained using clinical variables. The performance of various models was compared using McNemar’s test.ResultsThree hundred thirty-three patients were included (mean age, 27 years ± 12 [SD]; 186 men). Compared to the clinical model, the DL model achieved a higher area under the curve (AUC) in both the internal (0.97 vs. 0.77, p = 0.008) and external test set (0.97 vs. 0.64, p < 0.001). In the total test set (including the internal and external test sets), the DL model achieved higher accuracy than the junior expert committee (93.1% vs. 72.4%; p < 0.001) and was comparable to the intermediate and senior expert committee (93.1% vs. 88.8%, p = 0.25; 87.1%, p = 0.35). With DL model assistance, the accuracy of the junior expert committee was improved from 72.4% to 91.4% (p = 0.051).ConclusionThe DL model accurately distinguished osteolytic OS and GCT with better performance than the junior radiologists, whose own diagnostic performances were significantly improved with the aid of the model, indicating the potential for the differential diagnosis of the two bone tumors on radiographs.Critical relevance statementThe deep learning model can accurately distinguish osteolytic osteosarcoma and giant cell tumor on radiographs, which may help radiologists improve the diagnostic accuracy of two types of tumors.Key points• The DL model shows robust performance in distinguishing osteolytic osteosarcoma and giant cell tumor.• The diagnosis performance of the DL model is better than junior radiologists’.• The DL model shows potential for differentiating osteolytic osteosarcoma and giant cell tumor.Graphical

Cross-cultural adaptation and reliability assessment of the Indonesian version of the Computer Workstation Ergonomics: Self-Assessment Checklist.

Prolonged use of computer devices can have adverse health effects, but these can be mitigated by setting up computer workstations according to ergonomic principles. The Computer Workstation Ergonomics: Self-Assessment Checklist can guide workers in implementing these principles. However, the checklist is only available in English, which may reduce the accuracy of the instrument when used by non-English speakers, including Indonesians. The objective of this study was to cross-culturally adapt the Computer Workstation Ergonomics: Self-Assessment Checklist for use in Indonesia. Additionally, a reliability assessment was conducted on the adapted checklist. This study followed a six-stage cross-cultural adaptation process, including translation, synthesis of translation, back translation, expert committee review, pretesting, and documentation submission. The final version of the adapted checklist underwent testing for intra-rater reliability, inter-rater reliability, and internal consistency. The cross-cultural adaptation process resulted in an Indonesian version of the Computer Workstation Ergonomics: Self-Assessment Checklist. Furthermore, the Krippendorff's alpha values for the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the adapted checklist ranged from 0.59 to 0.78 (mean = 0.70) and 0.20 to 0.82 (mean = 0.56), respectively. The study produced an Indonesian version of the Computer Workstation Ergonomics: Self-Assessment Checklist that had an adequate reliability. The adapted checklist can serve as a practical tool for evaluating and improving computer workstations in Indonesia.

Development of an instrument to measure attitudes, practices, and factors towards goal-setting in stroke rehabilitation

Background: Goal-setting is essential for a person-centered approach to stroke rehabilitation. Understanding this challenging and heterogeneous practice can contribute to optimising rehabilitation outcomes. However, valid, and reliable tools are lacking for its investigation. This study aimed to develop a self-report measure to assess attitudes, practices, and factors related to goal-setting in physiotherapists working with stroke rehabilitation. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was developed based on the literature and submitted for content and face validity with a committee of experts and physiotherapists. Selected items were considered to create scales for attitudes and practices towards goal-setting. The factor structure and internal consistency of these scales were examined. Results: All three dimensions had satisfactory content validity. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a two-factor structure for the Attitudes towards Goal-setting Scale (A-GS) (‘Role’ and ‘Participation’, together explaining 55% of the variance of the total score) and for Practices towards Goal-setting Scale (P-GS) (‘Procedures’ and ‘Documentation’, together explaining 56% of the variance of the total score). Cronbach alpha values and mean inter-item correlations indicated adequate internal consistency. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary support for the adequacy of this newly developed measure, which can be used as an assessment tool to determine physiotherapists’ attitudes and practices towards goal-setting in stroke rehabilitation and related factors.

Clinical and organisational quality indicators for the optimal management of acute ischaemic stroke in the era of thrombectomy: a scoping review and expert consensus study

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to identify clinical and organisational quality indicators conducive to the optimal interdisciplinary management of acute-phase ischaemic stroke.MethodA scoping review based on the six-step methodological...

Chinese expert consensus: multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment of multiple ground-glass nodule like lung cancer (2024 edition)

Multiple ground glass nodules (GGN) like lung cancer is a special type of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer, with two or more lesions present simultaneously. It has characteristics such as"indolent"development, less lymph node or distant metastasis, identical or different pathological stages, differential driving gene mutations, diverse imaging manifestations, and good prognosis. In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment behavior of multiple GGN-like lung cancer, reduce issues such as over diagnosis and insufficient treatment, relevant domestic experts are organized by The Lung Cancer Medical Education Committee of the Chinese Medical Education Association, Lung Cancer Alliance of Chinese Thoracic Surgery, the Society of Tumor Ablation Therapy of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, the Tumor Ablation Expert Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology, the Tumor Ablation Expert Group of the Chinese College of Interventionalists, The Chinese Expert Consensus:Multidisciplinary Diagnosis and Treatment of Multiple Ground-Glass Nodule Like Lung Cancer (2024 Edition) was discussed and formulated. The main content includes: follow-up strategies, differential diagnosis, diagnosis and staging, treatment methods, and post treatment follow-up for multiple GGN-like lung cancer.

Clinical practice guidelines for full-cycle standardized management of bone health in breast cancer patients.

Bone health management for breast cancer spans the entire cycle of patient care, including the prevention and treatment of bone loss caused by early breast cancer treatment, the adjuvant application of bone-modifying agents to improve prognosis, and the diagnosis and treatment of advanced bone metastases. Making good bone health management means formulating appropriate treatment strategies and dealing with adverse drug reactions, and will help to improve patients' quality of life and survival rates. The Breast Cancer Expert Committee of the National Cancer Center for Quality Control organized relevant experts to conduct an in-depth discussion on the full-cycle management of breast cancer bone health based on evidence-based medicine, and put forward reasonable suggestions to guide clinicians to better deal with health issues in bone health clinics.

Development of a patient-centered health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measure for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC): A three-phase study.

365 Background: Patients (pts) with mRCC require a tailored HRQOL assessment. Previous research (Bergerot et al. Oncologist 2023; Bergerot et al. J Clin Oncol 2023) explored FKSI-19, EORTC QLQ-C30, and EQ-5D item relevance. We aimed to develop a tailored HRQOL measure for pts with mRCC through a three-phase approach involving patient engagement, expert input, and advocacy. Methods: In Phase 1, 117 pts with mRCC (83:34 M:F, median age=64) from the US, Europe and Brazil participated in a survey study to assess the relevance of items from established measures (FKSI-19, EORTC QLQ-C30, EQ-5D). In this cohort, 88% of pts had clear cell histology and 35%, 30% and 19% received immunotherapy alone, targeted therapy alone or combination therapy, respectively. Questions identified as relevant (base on ≥66% consensus) were selected for inclusion in a preliminary survey. Phase 2 involved assembling a panel of 11 experts who rigorously reviewed and refined survey questions. In Phase 3, preliminary version were presented to 8 patient advocates (5:3 F:M; 6:2 pts:caregivers) to ensure alignment with pts' needs and experiences. Results: Phase 1 analysis identified 10 items. Pts requested the inclusion of a question about social/family issues and better coverage of emotional symptoms. An 12-item questionnaire was created, and the expert committee refined three items to incorporate patient suggestions and added one item related to functional status (Table). This questionnaire included 1 cancer-specific item, 3 cancer or treatment-specific items, 3 non-specific emotional items, and 4 non-specific physical items. Patient advocates provided feedback, agreeing with the items excluded from previous questionnaires and those included. They suggested minor edits to item wording. Conclusions: The novel approach holds the potential to replace traditional HRQOL measures that may lack relevance to specific clinical circumstances. Further validation is planned in a phase 3 trial, ensuring its applicability in clinical practice. [Table: see text]

Translation and Validation of Edinburgh Handedness Inventory in Urdu Language for Cerebral Palsy

Aim: To translate and validate EHI in Urdu language. Methods: Non-probability convenient sampling approaches used in a descriptive cross-cultural validation research design. The study also included twenty parents of children with cerebral palsy and specialists in pediatric rehabilitation. An English professor or physician completed the back translation, while two separate multilingual translators translated EHI forward into Urdu. These translators were proficient in both Urdu and English. An expert panel committee created and approved the final version of EHI in Urdu. The consent of the guardian acquired beforehand, and confidentiality ensured. The SPSS version 21 used to input and analyzes the data, and a pretest sample of 150 people used1. Result: For reliability statistics, the mean age of participants was 40.4 with standard deviation of 15.994 and Cronbach alpha of EHI questionnaire after translation was 0.943 or after testing on parents of cerebral palsy patients was 0.964 andcontent validity also showed good content validity ratio which was 0.72. Pearson correlation showed an excellent test-retest reliability and internal consistency 0.946 and after testing intraclass correlation varied from 0.523 to 0.956-show high reliability respectively. Conclusion: The Urdu version of EHI is a valid and reliable tool for Urdu speaking population of Pakistan. Keywords: Cerebral palsy, Edinburgh handedness inventory, Ghurki trust teaching hospital, Lahore College of physical therapy

Repressed Memories (of Sexual Abuse Against Minors) and Statutes of Limitations in Europe: Status Quo and Possible Alternatives.

One of the most heated debates in psychological science concerns the concept of repressed memory. We discuss how the debate on repressed memories continues to surface in legal settings, sometimes even to suggest avenues of legal reform. In the past years, several European countries have extended or abolished the statute of limitations for the prosecution of sexual crimes. Such statutes force legal actions (e.g., prosecution of sexual abuse) to be applied within a certain period of time. One of the reasons for the changes in statutes of limitations concerns the idea of repressed memory. We argue that from a psychological standpoint, these law reforms can be detrimental, particularly when they are done to endorse unfounded psychological theories. The validity of testimonies is compromised many years after the alleged facts, and abolishing the statute of limitations increases the chance that even more (false) recovered memories of abuse might enter the courtroom. We propose solutions to these changes such as establishing an independent expert committee evaluating claims of sexual abuse.

Dietary exposure and risk characterization of selected toxic metals in crude palm oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) from six states in Niger Delta, Nigeria

The increase in toxic metal (TM) contamination in crude palm oil (CPO) due to anthropogenic activities, method of processing and handling makes it necessary to assess the contents of metals of toxicological interest to ensure safety. The contents of TMs [lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and arsenic (As)] were quantified in CPO samples locally produced from six selected states in Niger Delta, Nigeria using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The TM contents and dietary intakes were compared with permitted limits of international agencies such as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). The TM contents exceeded the permissible limits of JECFA with Cr in Akwa Ibom State samples (3.08 mg kg-1) being the highest. The dietary monthly intake of Cd for consumption of 25 g day-1 of CPO for adults and children were 40.36 µg kg-bw-1 month-1 (161%) and 91.6 µg kg-bw-1 month-1 (366%), respectively. The margin of exposure (MOE) values of Pb due to consumption of CPO ranged from 1.39 to 3.83 (nephrotoxic effects) and 3.32 to 9.12 (cardiotoxic effects) for adults, and 0.49 to 1.34 (neurotoxic effect), 0.61 to 1.69 (nephrotoxic effects) and 0.61 to 4.01 (cardiotoxic effects) for children. Furthermore, MOE values of inorganic arsenic (iAs) for carcinogenic effects due to consumption of CPO for adults and children ranged from 0.32 to 26.53 and 0.14 to 11.69, respectively. The results highlight the necessity to set up monitoring program for TMs in CPO to reduce exposure level.

Clinical phenotyping of children with nocturnal enuresis: A key classification to improve the approach

The literature shows that nocturnal enuresis is not an isolated phenomenon of urinary loss during sleep, but encompasses a set of systemic clinical manifestations that significantly influence children's quality of life and development. However, the understanding of the clinical and physiological relationship of these systemic manifestations remains a clinical challenge. The recognition of these manifestations and their subsequent categorisation, may provide better insights into integrated clinical manifestations, facilitating the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms, and promote increased assertiveness in the assessment and the selection of appropriate therapies. The aim of this study is to develop a phenotyping model for children with nocturnal enuresis based on evidence. This study presents a clinical phenotyping model for children with nocturnal enuresis based on an analytical and methodological review of the literature, about nocturnal enuresis and its associated clinical manifestations. There was a bibliometric analysis carried out to better analyse outcomes. After reading and analysing the literature, the clinical manifestations were categorised into domains and submitted to the validation of an expert committee with extensive experience in their specific area of expertise. A visual representation of the categorised model was developed to make the phenotyping concept easily understandable to all professionals. The clinical manifestations related to nocturnal enuresis have been categorised according to frequency and relation found in the literature and validation by an expert committee and the development of the phenotyping model for children with nocturnal enuresis was completed. The present study developed an evidence-based phenotyping model for children with nocturnal enuresis.

P993 IMPACT-III and IMPACT-III-P questionnaires: the transcultural adaptation and validation in Spanish families. A SEGHNP (Spanish Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition) multicenter study

Abstract Background IMPACT-III and IMPACT-III-P are Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) questionnaires for pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease (p-IBD) patients and their parents/caregivers. They consist of 35 items answered with a 1-5 points Likert scale that evaluate six domains. Higher scores indicate better HRQoL. IMPACT-III has been translated into over 70 languages and validated in several countries. However, the existing IMPACT-III Spanish translation showed room for improvement and none of the tools had been validated in our population. We aimed to perform a transcultural adaptation and validation of the Spanish versions. Methods With permission from the questionnaires’ authors, we performed the translation and back-translation by professional translators, followed by evaluation by an expert committee and a small group of p-IBD families (n=12). Members of the SEGHNP (Spanish Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition) were invited to recruit p-IBD patients aged 10-18 and their families (February’21-November’22) to complete the questionnaires. Demographical and clinical data of the p-IBD participants were analyzed. Validation was performed with the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (considering 0.8-0.9 a good internal consistency) and a confirmatory factorial analysis with Varimax rotation (desirable values &amp;gt;0.5). The Kaiser Meyer Olkin (KMO) measure (&amp;gt;0.5 good correlation) and the Bartlett’s sphericity test (p&amp;lt;0.05) were calculated to confirm the adequacy of the factor analysis. The utility (method and completion time) was considered. The correlation coefficient between IMPACT-III and IMPACT-III-P was analyzed. Data were collected and analyzed with REDCap and Stata 16. Results We included 370 patients and 356 parents/guardians from 37 hospitals. Descriptive statistics of the participants are shown in table 1. The KMO measure (0.8998 and 0.9228, respectively) and the Bartlett's sphericity test (p-value &amp;lt;0.001 for both) confirmed the factor analysis’ adequacy. The factorial model with four factors, complying with Kaiser’s criterion, explained 89.19% and 88.87% of the variance in the model. Cronbach's alpha (0.9123 and 0.9383) indicated excellent internal consistency. The use of a Likert scoring system and the completion median time of 10 minutes for both tools was considered optimal. The correlation coefficient was 0.92, which was considered excellent. Conclusion The SEGHNP versions of the IMPACT-III and IMPACT-III-P are valid and reliable to use with Spanish p-IBD families. Our findings suggest a 4-factor scores in both questionnaires, although the optimal factor structure should be further examined. In our sample, parents/caregivers were good proxies for rating their p-IBD children overall HRQoL.

The influence of civil society institutions on the implementation of public administration in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine

The article examines the impact of civil society institutions on the implementation of public administration in Ukraine under martial law. It has been established that civil society is understood as a free association of citizens, the purpose of which is to satisfy common interests, ensure values, and realize rights. The signs of civil society are singled out: it is formed exclusively on a voluntary basis and on the basis of common goals, interests, desires of a certain audience for the purpose of their development and satisfaction; cooperation of civil society as a whole and its institutions in particular with state institutions, being at the same time independent from them to a certain extent; in the formation of public institutions, the greatest value is a person, a person, a citizen, in particular his rights, freedoms and legitimate interests, as well as their implementation in reality; the presence of a certain special and specific structure, the level of development of civil society depends on the level of its complexity. It has been established that the interaction of civil society institutions with state bodies is manifested in participation in the initial development and discussion of draft legal acts, which, among other things, are aimed at the normalization of all spheres that have suffered in one way or another from the aggressor state. It was determined that the influence of civil society institutions in martial law is manifested in their exercise of public control over the activities of state authorities in the form of public monitoring of the preparation and implementation of decisions, examination of their effectiveness. It has been established that the form of interaction between the analyzed subjects is the submission by civil society institutions to state authorities of their own expert proposals, the formation of joint advisory and expert bodies, councils, commissions, and groups to ensure that public opinion is taken into account in the formation and implementation of state policy. It has been established that an important duty of public administration subjects as a form of response to all actions of civil society institutions is to conduct appropriate monitoring and analysis of public opinion, as well as to ensure timely public response to public proposals and comments.

Fat phobia scale-short form and beliefs about obese persons scale: cross-cultural adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese

The Fat Phobia Scale-Short Form (FPS) and the Beliefs About Obese Persons Scale (BAOP) are scales developed to investigate fatphobia and beliefs about obese persons, respectively. The aim of the study was to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation of these scales to Brazilian Portuguese. The methodology was carried out in 5 stages: 1. translation, 2. synthesis of translations, 3. evaluation by the expert committee of semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual equivalences, 4. discussion with the target population (health professionals and other areas), and 5. back-translation. The results of the judgment of equivalences evaluated by the specialists were presented in absolute and relative frequency, and the agreement of the results between the specialists was verified by the Kappa de Fleiss Coefficient (₭). The results showed excellent agreement for all equivalences in both scales, except for BAOP semantics, which was good. (₭ = 0.67). Suggestions from the target population (Brazilian adults) were considered to adapt the final version of the two scales, which were back-translated and approved by the original authors. It is concluded that FPS and BAOP are duly adapted to Brazilian Portuguese and ready to be tested for their psychometric qualities.

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation into Portuguese-Brazil of NuHISS, Enlight, and uMARS

BackgroundEasy access to the Internet enables the creation of many online applications. In this sense, questionnaires were developed to evaluate the usability of health area online applications: the National Usability-Focused Health Information System Scale (NuHISS), the Enlight, and the User Version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale (uMARS). Those scales do not have a Portuguese (Brazil) version which is adequate to Brazil's culture. As a consequence, they can not be properly used in Brazil. ObjectiveTo translate and cross-cultural adapt the NuHISS, Enlight, and uMARS to Portuguese (Brazil). MethodsA methodological study involving the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaires NuHISS, Enlight, and uMARS was conducted following international guidelines recommendations. The questionnaires pass trough an initial translation, translation synthesis, back translation, expert committee, and a pre-final version test. ResultsThirdy-two health professionals analyzed NuHiss, Enlight, and uMARS translated and cross-cultural adapted Portuguese (Brazil) version. There was conceptual equivalence between the translated and original versions, and no significant adaptations were needed during the translation process. 93.8% of professionals assume that the language is cohesive and 96.9% of them consider that the content is cohesive. ConclusionThe NuHISS, Enlight, and uMARS were successfully translated and cross-culturally adapted to Portuguese (Brazil) and can be properly applied in Brazil. Brazilian health professionals should use the questionnaires NuHISS, Enlight, and uMARS to evaluate health area applications usability.

Clinical case of acute hepatitis in a patient with ascariasis

Helminthiases are fairly widespread human parasitic diseases caused by various lower worms - helminths. In the Russian Federation, more than 4.5 million cases of helminthiasis were registered in 2016. According to the WHO Expert Committee, ascariasis affects about 900 million people in the world every year, most of whom are children of preschool and school age. In the Russian Federation, 24,115 cases of ascariasis were registered in 2015. The true prevalence of helminthiasis is much higher. In recent decades, there has been an increase in and manifestation of new helminth infestations as a result of changes in economic and socio-economic conditions, increased migration, and the introduction of helminths, common in countries with tropical and subtropical climates, to Russia. The possibility of a patient having one or another type of helminthiasis is practically not taken into account in clinical practice, which leads to incorrect diagnosis, the development of complications of the disease, and its transition to a chronic form. As a rule, helminthiases are relatively asymptomatic, but in some cases their local manifestations come to the fore clinically and the disease occurs under the guise of infectious and non-infectious diseases.

3-Monochloropropandiol and glycidyl esters in heat-processed oil-based food products: Exposure and risk

Fatty acid esters of 3-monochloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPDE) and glycidol (GE) are potentially harmful heat-induced contaminants produced during food processing. In this study, 100 heat-treated oil-based food samples covering fried, smoked, grilled, and baked food groups were collected in Koforidua, Ghana and analysed for the two esters using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The dietary exposures were estimated by a probabilistic approach using Monte Carlo Simulation. Levels of 3-MCPDE and GE in the foods ranged from <limit of detection (LOD) to 1.28 mg/kg and <LOD to 1.20 mg/kg, respectively, and the highest mean levels were found in smoked foods with concentrations of 0.91 mg/kg (3-MCPDE) and 0.61 mg/kg (GE). The modal dietary exposure to 3-MCPDE and GE in the different food groups ranged from 0.01 to 1.18 µg/kg bw/day and 0.01 to 0.8 µg/kg bw/day, respectively. The 95th percentile estimates for 3-MCPDE exposure (33 %) and GE margin of exposure (MoE) (92 %) contravened the health-based guidance values established by the Joint Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organisation Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). This suggests health concerns for heavy consumers, especially females and children aged 3 to 9 years. The food groups that contributed to these unsafe exposures were mostly fried and smoked foods. Therefore, reducing the levels of 3-MCPDE and GE in these foods is recommended to lower the health risk.