View Of Execution Research Articles

Digitalization-Enabled Evolution of Customer Value Creation: An Executive View in Financial Services

Digitalization-Enabled Evolution of Customer Value Creation: An Executive View in Financial Services

Higher education, graduate talent and the prospects for social mobility in China's innovation nation

This article examines China's response to issues of social inequity, talent management and social mobility through an analysis of HE policies aimed at transforming China into an innovation nation, alongside the views of corporate managers and executives. Our analysis identifies a positional convergence between China's elite universities and corporate hiring strategies, which renders the ‘vocational turn’ in HE as part of its digtial innovation strategy, unlikely to narrow educational and labor market inequalities in relative life-chances. What is identified in China is widely applicable, highlighting that social equity and social mobility cannot be delivered through neo-liberal models of technological change.

Examining Views of Police Chiefs and College Students Regarding Drug Disqualifiers for the Hiring of Police Officers in Arizona

Police applicant disqualification due to prior illegal drug use is a contributing factor to major recruitment and hiring challenges currently facing many American policing agencies. This article explores how chief executives of law enforcement agencies and college students enrolled in criminology courses in Arizona view current statewide police hiring standards related to prior drug use. We use surveys conducted in cooperation with the Arizona Peace Officer Standards and Training Board to examine respondent opinions regarding the preemployment use of marijuana and illicit use of prescription drugs. Generally, we find significant differences between the chief executive and student views. Students, who represent potential policing applicants, typically are in favor of harsher treatment of prior drug use than chief executives, although students are also more open to forgiving marijuana use under certain circumstances. We discuss the implications of these findings for police hiring and suggest potential areas of policy change.

New perspectives on speech motor planning and programming in the context of the four- level model and its implications for understanding the pathophysiology underlying apraxia of speech and other motor speech disorders

ABSTRACT Background: The complexity of speech motor control, and the incomplete conceptualisation of phases in the transformation of the speech code from linguistic symbols to a code amenable to a motor system, tend to obscure the understanding of acquired apraxia of speech (AOS). The four-level framework (FLF) of speech sensorimotor control suggests the differentiation between speech motor planning, programming and execution and locate the locus of disruption in AOS in the motor planning phase. Currently, terminological confusion and uncertainty regarding phases in speech motor control still complicate the characterisation of AOS. This neuromotor disorder is inconsistently described in the literature as a “planning or programming”, “planning and programming”, or as a “planning and/or programming” disorder. Purpose: To describe a new version of the FLF, the FL (four-level) model, which further explicates and differentiates between speech motor planning, programming, and execution levels or phases of processing; to integrate concepts from computational modelling into the FL model and propose distinct control architectures for both the planning and programming levels; and to identify the loci and nature of disruption in the motor planning phase which could explain the pathophysiology and core features of AOS. Discussion and Conclusions: A four-level model is presented that differentiates two pre-execution phases and an execution phase. The first pre-execution phase is controlled by a motor planner and involves an inverse model, an efference copy, and a forward model for each sound or over-learnt utterance. This phase also involves a forward predictive planner which enables the system to handle the planning of several sounds and to plan coarticulation of sounds. The motor planner is operated according to an auxiliary forward model architecture. AOS is depicted as a breakdown at several possible points in the motor planning phase. The second pre-execution phase is driven by a motor program generator and predictive controller that is governed by an integral forward model architecture. The final execution phase is portrayed as being driven by closed loop control. The conceptualization of the programmer challenges the traditional view of execution and not only that of planning as is generally accepted. The implications for the classification of motor speech disorders are discussed. Future research should address the exact nature of articulatory movements and other features of speech across the range of planning, pure programming, programming-execution and pure execution disorders.

Stenographic transcriptions of reminiscences of the executives and employees of Moscow Automobile Factory as a source on socio-psychological aspects of the history of its establishment (1915-1924)

This research is dedicated to stenographic transcriptions of reminiscences of the executives and employees of the Moscow Automobile Factory named after I. A. Likhachev (AMO ZIL). The goal consists in determination of information capacity of stenographic transcription of reminiscences as a source for studying the socio-psychological aspects of the history of industrial enterprises. The author examines the following aspects: reflection in stenographic transcriptions of the views of company’s executives and technician engineers upon the industrial process;  different aspects of economic culture of the company; socio-psychological image of employees and their relation to development of the company, local and nationwide sociopolitical processes, technological difficulties; perception of collective environment by the staff members; working and living conditions. In the course of study, the author applied socio-psychological and illustrative methods based on the comprehensive analysis of sources. As a result, the author determines high informational vale of stenographic transcriptions of reminiscences, demonstrate possibilities its implementation in studying socio-psychological aspects of the history of industrial enterprises, namely economic culture, mentality of technical officers and staff members, atmosphere inside the collective, motivation and incentive system for employees, role of interpersonal relations in establishment and functionality of the company, views of executives and technician engineers on the industrial process, etc. Previously unstudied archival materials were introduced into the scientific discourse.

IFC-based process mining for design authoring

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is defined as the process of creation and management of digital replica for building products in a collaborative design set-up. On this basis, BIM as a digital collaboration platform in AECO (Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Operation) industry, can be upgraded to assist monitoring, control and improvement of the business processes related to planning, design, construction and operation of building facilities. The main problem in this regard, is the wastage of data related to activities completed by different actors during the project; and subsequently, the lack of analytics to discover latent patterns in collaboration and execution of such processes. The present study aims to enable BIM to capture digital footprints of project actors and create event logs for design authoring phase of building projects. This is done using files in IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) format, archived during the design process. We have developed algorithms to create event logs from such archives, and analyzed the event logs using process mining (i.e. process discovery, conformance checking and bottleneck analysis), to identify measures derived from as-happened processes. BIM managers can implement such measures in monitoring, controlling and re-engineering work processes related to design authoring. Two case studies were completed to validate and verify the products and findings of the research. Our results show that process models discovered/fine-tuned at various resolutions and from different perspectives (including ‘actor-centric’ and ‘phase-centric’ views) can provide a realistic view of the BIM project execution. This includes understanding the structure of collaboration and hand-over of work; evaluation of compliance with the BIM execution plan; and detection of bottlenecks and re-works. While the scope of the study has been limited to design authoring processes, this mindset can be extended to other BIM uses, and other phases (such as construction and operation) of building projects. Given the growing efforts on upgrading BIM to capture and formalize the lifecycle data on the products, processes and actors, this study can strongly support BIM managers with documentation and evaluation of the business processes and workflows in their project teams.

УПРАВЛІНСЬКА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬІ. П. ЛЬВОВА НА ПОСАДІ ЗАВІДУВАЧА КАФЕДРИ ПЕДАГОГІКИ ЧЕРНІГІВСЬКОГО ПЕДАГОГІЧНОГО ІНСТИТУТУ (1952–1958)

The article shows I. P. Lvov, сhairman of the Department for pedagogy of Chernihiv Pedagogical Institute. I. P. Lvov worked as the Head of the Department of Pedagogy from 1952 to 1958. He developed didactic materials on pedagogy, logic and psychology. The curriculum for the second semester was analyzed, where the main tasks were students' educational work, advanced training of teachers and realization of рublic works under the teachers. At the faculty meeting, the lecturers approved the Individual work plans of the members of the department, monitoring the lectures and pedagogical lessons from the point of view of scientific and methodological execution, control over the work of a laboratory assistant, review and approval of the work plan of pedagogical practice of students. I. P. Lviv had intended to purchase a separate room for conducting psychological experiments. Unfortunately, the intention failed for unknown reasons. He controlled the quality of lectures and seminars on pedagogy, lectures on psychology, and reported on the visit by the directorate of the institute and individual members of the chair they reviewed. In 1952, a pedagogical circle was formed at the department of pedagogy. I. P. Lviv was group leader of the circle at one of the meetings read a report "Modern problems of restructuring the science of psychology in the academician I. P. Pavlov". I. P. Lviv appreciated the work of the laboratory assistant of the department of G. P. Svirid, pointing to her faithful discharge of her duties: providing students with educational and recommended literature. The content of the documents of I. P. Lvov on an administrative post was analyzed and he was found that he made some comments in the report at the meeting of the pedagogy department of the Chernihiv Pedagogical Institute, as well as at the meeting of the Institute council concerning the issues that were in the report "On the condition of pedagogical science and eliminating its backlog" on the resolution of I. A. Kairov. In 1955 I. P. Lvov was the head of the commission on State examinations of the correspondence department of the Russian language and literature of the Chernihiv Pedagogical Institute. Analysis of students' answers in pedagogy, according to I. P. Lvov, showed that most were positive answers, but some students had satisfactory grades, they did not possess good material in pedagogy.

ICFR Challenges and Practices at Large US Public Companies: Evidence from Accounting Executives

We report insights about ICFR-related challenges and practices at large U.S. public companies from survey responses of 145 accounting executives and interviews of 16 accounting executives. Executives view controls around non-routine transactions, income tax provisions, and access to data as particularly challenging and report that ICFR challenges increase after corporate restructuring events. Executives are satisfied with existing ICFR guidance because it allows judgment but expressed interest in additional guidance in the form of real-life, industry-specific ICFR examples to counter what they perceive as the PCAOB’s standard-setting via auditors. Executives report relying on their auditors for ICFR insights and vetting ICFR judgments but are frustrated with auditors’ excessive ICFR documentation requirements that executives attribute to the PCAOB. Lastly, executives report lagging in implementation of ICFR technologies for lack of qualified personnel and concerns that such technologies could actually increase some risks. We discuss additional insights and suggest avenues for future research.

Analysis of the Perception of Quality in Service in a Higher Education Institution with the use of the ModelServQual

The main objective is to evaluate the quality of the service; likewise, to determine what are the essential aspects and measure the quality of service from the students. As expressed by Duque and Chaparro (2012), it is not recommended that the evaluation of the quality of the service only considers the point of view of executives and government agencies, since the perception of the most important client, the student, would be evaded. The method to follow is to determine the variables that will be studied and we establish the instrument to collect information, determine the population to which the study is directed, apply the instrument to the sample, present the results obtained, draw conclusions comparing it with the theoretical framework and with other studies; and finally, the recommendations of the findings. Among the main findings, it was possible to obtain the qualification of the service quality of the students in the period evaluated, the overall score reached is 5.18, interpreted as good service and representing 74%. It is relevant to consider that the characteristic with lower qualification, in this case, the appearance of physical facilities, equipment, personnel and communication material.

ANALISIS PENGARUH BIAYA OPERASIONAL PADA PERUSAHAAN PENERBANGAN NASIONAL

Summarized Indonesian airline executive views on the reason for the cost problem in mayor airline and on the potential areas and measures of cost reduction in airline operation. Present an introduction survey where 3 executives from 3 Indonesian airlines were respondent. In the executive opinion the cost problem in mayor Indonesian airline is primarily due to fuel and oil pricing and money currency. Of the various function in airline maintenance was seen as least cost efficiency, whereas flight operation was seen as an area with most potential for cost reduction. Indonesian airline had made route and fleet changes after the beginning of 2011 to reduce cost, concludes from the analisys result having privatization would be an important step towards more efficient airline operation. Flexibility from Indonesian airline regulatory would be very much welcome and the value chain concept to improve Indonesian airline having competitive adventage and cost leadership differentiation

Improvement of Long Distance Transmission by Using TCSC Fact Device

The prudent point of view of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) establishment and execution has been an essential issue since origin and expanding each day because of vital, specialized and showcase requirements. The advancement of these issues assumes a significant job in the achievement of any utility and at last minimal effort accessibility of intensity at the client end. This paper exhibits the ideal area of Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) in control framework to limit the transmission misfortune utilizing Particle Swarm Optimization procedure. The reenactments are performed on the IEEE-14 transport framework, IEEE 30 transport framework and Indian 75 transport framework with Newton Raphson load flow calculation including TCSC.

Win/win partnerships between Geneva health-related institutions and caregivers of people with dementia: a descriptive cross-sectional study

BackgroundIn the context of an ageing population and an increase in the appearance of chronic diseases, the commitment of caregivers makes it possible for people confronted with disease to remain at home. Over time, they need support to overcome their difficulties. They also show a need for recognition for their participation in the economic maintenance of the health system. To promote this support, so-called “win/win” partnerships are envisaged. Research is needed to identify the building blocks of an innovative intervention.MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out with health institutions in the canton of Geneva to identify the proportion of institutions with a positive opinion on partnership with caregivers. It has also identified potential partnerships with caregivers of people facing dementia and possible compensation in exchange for the provision of their skills. Descriptive statistics are presented according to their frequencies and relative percentages (categorical variables), as well as by their mean, standard deviation and median (continuous variables). Logistic regression models were used to assess the factors associated with a favorable opinion towards win/win partnerships.ResultsThe proportion of executives of health-related institutions with a positive opinion of partnership with caregivers is high: 74.7% (95% CI: 64.8–83.1%). Several types of potential partnerships have been identified between health institutions and caregivers. Areas in which certain activities have been identified as being able to be carried out by caregivers include governance, care, provision of services, accompaniment and support, training and research. Types of compensation for caregivers have also been highlighted.ConclusionThis study shows that some areas activities of health facilities in the canton of Geneva could be the subject of win-win partnerships with caregivers of people with dementia. Positive view of health executives on partnership with caregivers is encouraging. In the future, innovative projects can emerge to meet the needs of each party.

China, between Bombay cinema and the world

If Hegel himself manifested as a spirit wandering world history, contemporary India–China alignments might very well spook his ghost. Take, for example, the view of the chief executive of Trinity Pictures, who excitedly pledged the fortunes of Indian–Chinese film co-productions on the appeal of ‘the massive Sino-Indian market’.1 Hegel might be baffled at such an expression of regional solidarity. While he had generalized Asia as the beginning of history, Hegel saw China and India as the embodiment of antithetical historicities. After all, China, in its ‘prosaic rationality’, produced ‘minutely cataloged’ histories of its country while the ‘unbroken superstition’ of India was incapable of historical consciousness.2 The idea of a shared culture, history and geography between India and China belies one of the comparative tenets of modern orientalism. That is not to deny that certain world-historical tensions continue, of course. Around the time that the Hindi film Dangal (Nitesh Tiwari, 2016) was breaking box-office records at Chinese theatres in mid 2017, military tensions were intensifying along the Indian–Chinese border, leading to a diplomatic crisis between the two nations. Connecting the two events – culture and conflict – begs an important question for comparative media scholarship. Should we interpret coincidence as correlation and take both events as figured in a kind of conjuncture, or are we in the realm of the disjunctural – according to which, borrowing the ‘old’ discourse of the Cold War, cinema and statecraft are somehow out of ‘alignment’? At the very least, cutting across these two events helps us to grapple with the political and cultural forces that have drawn two nations into contact since India ended formal ties with Taiwan and established diplomatic relations with the PRC in 1950, as one of the first noncommunist countries to do so.

Women CEOs on making strategy happen

PurposeAs a professor of strategic management and as a consultant to organizations on strategy and change, the author focused on the activities that are necessary for leaders to create effective strategy and to execute successfully. The author has also been responsible for equipping the larger teams of strategy professionals (and future strategy professionals) who support these leaders with the approaches, the methods, and the tools necessary to plan effectively, to assess effectiveness, and to correct problems in strategy and execution. Whether long-term company leaders, entrepreneurs, or turnaround companies, chief executive officers (CEOs) understand that strategy and execution are requirements for growth and, ultimately, their unique responsibility. The paper aims to offer a view of strategy and execution from women CEOs of top companies, including those who weathered the financial crisis and others changing their business model as the climate changes. The paper offers a set of questions to help company leadership execute their strategy.Design/methodology/approachThe paper represents a viewpoint supported by secondary sources and financial data.FindingsCEOs whose companies have prospered during the Great Recession and beyond have a lot to teach us about strategic execution in an uncertain world. There is always a crisis or a change in industry structure that threatens strategic execution. This paper focuses on women and how they face this challenge as CEOs of top companies.Research limitations/implicationsStrategic execution must align with strategy or growth will not happen as planned.Practical implicationsThere are things CEOs and general managers can do to ensure their strategic execution leads to the results they plan. Those things have been identified in this paper.Social implicationsThe most powerful asset companies have is their talent base, their employees.Originality/valueThe corporate examples, the understanding of industry structure change, and the importance of talent and risk are seen through the lens of women CEOs.

Revisiting Quick Response (QR) Code Technology: Corporate Perspectives

Quick response code (QRC) technology is facing various impediments to its adoption and usage. It has an uncertain future amidst an evolving landscape of technology and social tools available to companies. This study examines QRC's utilising marketing executives to gain current insights on its present use as well as future direction. A mixed methods survey was used to capture qualitative and quantitative responses from corporate marketing executive perspectives about QRC. Executives view QR codes primarily as a technology to increase both strategic advantage and communication advantage with customers. The findings suggest QRC will evolve as an important technology to support future corporate marketing and sales efforts.

Views of Estonian nonprofit executives on succession: lessons from the field

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the perceptions of five leadership succession themes by executives of Estonian nonprofit organizations.Design/methodology/approachThis is a qualitative study that uses narrative inquiry and purposive sampling. Face-to-face and Skype interviews were conducted with 15 executives.FindingsSuccession was unplanned in most of the Estonian nonprofits; successors were coached during initial transitionary periods; insiders were preferred to outsiders; requirements of executive positions were unmet because of a talent shortfall; lack of trust, unexpected behavior, and possible ethical issues were key risk factors associated with succession; and mixed opinions were received regarding the advantages and disadvantages of succession planning.Research limitations/implicationsNarrow focus on Estonian nonprofit organizations and their executives, purposive sampling, and single qualitative research method. Results may not be applicable to other nonprofits.Practical implicationsPractitioners of Estonian nonprofits can better understand the implications of executive succession issues. Lessons learned may help other nonprofit leaders.Social implicationsHaving a carefully crafted succession plan can enable smoother transitions between organizational leaders and create organizational stability, thereby ensuring a continuous delivery of goods and services to clients.Originality/valueSeminal research – this is the first study of its kind on Estonian nonprofit organizations and executive succession issues. This paper can serve as a foundation for further research on Eastern European nonprofits.

Do Female Executives Prioritize Corporate Social Responsibility?

ABSTRACTHow do female executives view corporate social responsibility (CSR)? Previous studies have reported mixed findings on the relationship between female executives and CSR. We select a sample of Chinese listed firms and use propensity score matching to construct a new sample of firms and evaluate the gender transition (from male to female) of chief executive officers or board chairpersons (executives) who are randomly assigned to firms (i.e., the gender transition of executives is regarded as an exogenous event). Subsequently, we use a difference-in-differences approach to identify the pure effect of female executives on CSR. Our results indicate that female executives are more likely to encourage CSR reporting. Moreover, we suggest that the mechanism behind female executives prioritizing CSR is altruism preference rather than risk aversion preference.

Factors Affecting Dividend Payment Decisions: The Case of Libya

This research paper will investigate the views of executives and top management of firms listed on the Libyan Stock Market [LSM] regarding the main factors affecting dividend payment decisions. A questionnaire has been used to gather primary data from a range of industries. The evidence reports that the most influential factors in making dividend payment decisions involve: earnings [level of current earnings], Patterns of past dividends, investment opportunities, and liquidity [availability of cash]. Furthermore, the viewpoints of the respondents from three industry sets show no difference in the importance of the dividend factors among industries groups, except the level of reserve.Therefore, the industry type issue appeared to influence the importance that respondents placed on determinants of dividend payment decisions. The findings also show that respondents strongly believe that dividend payment is an important issue in Libyan firms, and these results are consistent with signaling and Pecking order explanations for paying cash dividends.

Divide to connect: Reorganization through R&D unit spinout as linking context of intra-corporate networks

The paper examines the formation of clique-spanning ties in intra-corporate co-invention networks, by focusing on the impact of R&D unit spinouts. Using data on thirty-one spinouts in eight large U.S. information and communication technology corporations, we show that the reorganization of R&D units through corporate spinouts is associated with an increase in the extent to which inventors employed in the unit collaborate with inventors located in other cliques within the corporate co-invention network. Interestingly, the spinout effect spills over to all members of the clique of spun-out inventors, also including those who remain with the parent firm. The interpretation of these empirical findings, grounded on existing theories and on the views of inventors and executives involved in the reorganization events, suggests that corporate spinouts generate a shock in intra-corporate research collaboration dynamics, which loosens clique lock-in effects and contributes to reset cliques’ boundaries in the intra-corporate research network.

The Role and Priorities of the Human Resource Management Function: Perspectives of HR Professionals, Line Managers, and Senior Executives

How do HR professionals, Line Managers and non-HR Senior Executives view HR strategies? What are the main deliverables of HR activities as viewed by the different groups? What level of importance is placed on HR practices by the respective groups? What are the implications for the HR function? What gaps exist among the stakeholder groups of HR relating to the importance of HR? How can there be more synergy of HR practices among the stakeholder groups?Unlike previous research studies, this study examines a more holistic view of HR and the level of importance placed on the respective strategies. The findings not only identify the major accomplishments of HR and alignment to business strategies but also highlight several key areas in which there is a significant gap in emphasis and importance as viewed by different stakeholders.