Abstract Background This study evaluates the perioperative outcomes of patients with locally advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) who were treated with neoadjuvant immunotherapy (IO) and chemotherapy versus a matched cohort of patients that received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) alone. Methods A single center non-randomized phase II trial was undertaken in locally advanced (cT3-4 and/or N+) EAC and 49 patients completed neoadjuvant Avelumab + DCF (Docetaxel, Cisplatin, 5FU) and esophagectomy between 2/2018 and 2/2020. These patients were matched to contemporary patients (1/2018-6/2020) who met inclusion criteria but received neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone (NAC) with a comparable Docetaxel based. The postoperative outcomes were then compared between the two groups. Results Ninety-nine patients with locally advanced EAC underwent esophagectomy and meet enrolment criteria for this study. Of these patients, 50 received NAC alone 49 received IO+NAC. Baseline characteristics such as age, gender and clinical stage were comparable between groups. Operative approach and rate of MIE (~60%) was similar in both groups. Overall and major complication rate were similar between groups (50 vs. 51%, p=0.91; 20 vs. 26%, p=0.44 respectively) with concordant rates of anastomotic leak (6 [12%] vs. 6 [12%], p=0.86) and respiratory complications (13 [26%] vs. 11 [22%], p=0.68) in NAC alone and IO+NAC group respectively. There were no significant differences in the LOS and 30- and 90-days mortality rates between the two groups. Conclusion The addition of immunotherapy to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma does not appear to significantly alter perioperative short-term outcomes after esophagectomy