Excess Volume Of Mixing Research Articles

ChemInform Abstract: EXCESS VOLUMES OF MIXING OF ANILINE + AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS

The excess volumes of mixing, VE, of aniline with benzene, toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene and p-xylene have been measured at temperatures 293.15, 298.15, 303.15 and 308.15 K over the whole composition range. The results indicate very weak electron donor–acceptor type interactions in these binary liquid mixtures. The shape and size of the aromatic hydrocarbon are responsible for stretching or breaking of hydrogen bonding in aniline.

Excess volumes of mixing of binary mixtures of arsenic tribromide with benzene, cyclohexane, and carbon tetrachloride at 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExcess volumes of mixing of binary mixtures of arsenic tribromide with benzene, cyclohexane, and carbon tetrachloride at 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 KRamesh C. Maheshwari, Sushil K. Suri, and Upendra S. TewariCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1979, 24, 3, 237–239Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/je60082a022RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (312 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Excess volumes of mixing of aniline + aromatic hydrocarbons

The excess volumes of mixing, VE, of aniline with benzene, toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene and p-xylene have been measured at temperatures 293.15, 298.15, 303.15 and 308.15 K over the whole composition range. The results indicate very weak electron donor–acceptor type interactions in these binary liquid mixtures. The shape and size of the aromatic hydrocarbon are responsible for stretching or breaking of hydrogen bonding in aniline.

Excess volume of mixing of some electron-donating hydrocarbons with an electron-accepting liquid 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene

The excess volume of mixing of some electron-donating aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene, toluene,p-xylene, and mesitylene with an electronaccepting liquid 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene have been measured at 30°C. The results indicate that the interaction between the components increases as the electron-donating power of the hydrocarbons increases. The V m e values are related to the ionization potentials of the hydrocarbons.

Excess Volumes of Mixing of Some Electron Donating Hydrocarbons with an Electron Accepting Liquid Chlorobenzene

Excess Volumes of Mixing of Some Electron Donating Hydrocarbons with an Electron Accepting Liquid Chlorobenzene

Analysis of the Physical Mechanisms in Surfactant Flooding

Abstract A model was developed to represent the physical displacement mechanism of tertiary oil recovery in an aqueous-phase surfactant flood. The chemical aspects were not modeled. In particular, the residual oil saturation in the presence of surfactant must be specified to use the model. This model was used to investigate the relationship between the system parameters (mobility ratio, partition coefficient, parameters (mobility ratio, partition coefficient, adsorption) and the performance variables (oil cut, chemical breakthrough, recovery efficiency at breakthrough). The model is an extension of Buckley-Leverett analysis and applies to the flow of two fluids in a system in which composition and saturation are variables. This model assumes a homogeneous one-dimensional system, the absence of dispersion, equilibrium mass transfer, and constant composition injection (infinite slug). Analysis applies to systems of two mobile phases (oil and water) and one immobile phase (reservoir rock) where three components (oil, water, and chemical) transfer between mobile phases. and chemical transfers to the rock. The model predicts that oil recovery and surfactant breakthrough may be retarded in low-tension surfactant floods where the surfactant partitions preferentially into the oil phase. This partitions preferentially into the oil phase. This prediction is confirmed by experimental core-flood prediction is confirmed by experimental core-flood results. Introduction In designing and optimizing a surfactant-flooding process, one is confronted with many mechanisms process, one is confronted with many mechanisms and corresponding physicochemical properties of the rock and fluid interactions that affect performance of a surfactant flood. Important properties are relative permeabilities, viscosities, interfacial tensions, dispersion coefficients, and adsorption isotherms. Laboratory investigation of these mechanisms is hampered by the high degree of coupling among mechanisms, which makes it difficult to analyze process sensitivity to each property. property. Therefore, a simple mathematical model was developed to interpret results of core-flooding experiments and to apply in cases in which surfactant is injected continuously (infinite slug). A sensitivity study of the effect of 14 model parameters on oil recovery revealed that recovery parameters on oil recovery revealed that recovery is affected strongly by pore-to-pore displacement efficiency (governed by interfacial tension) and fluid mobilities, and by interphase mass transfer of chemical (surfactant), oil, and water. The effect of this transfer phenomenon on surfactant-flood oil recovery previously has received little attention. ASSUMPTIONS OF THE MODEL SYSTEM The system is one-dimensional with uniform properties. properties. Two mobile fluid phases, an aqueous displacing phase, and an oleic displaced phase are considered, as well as one immobile phase (rock). Three mobile components (oil, water, and chemical) are considered. Each is assumed to behave as if it was a pure component. Mass transfer of chemical, water, and oil between the mobile phases and transfer of chemical to the immobile phase is allowed. The mass transfer rates are assumed sufficiently fast compared with fluid flow that chemical equilibrium exists across phase boundaries everywhere in the reservoir. phase boundaries everywhere in the reservoir. Initially, the reservoir contains pure oil at its waterflood residual oleic-phase saturation (Sorw), and the rest of the pore space contains pure water. The injected fluid is a single aqueous phase at constant composition (infinite slug injection). This injected composition lies on the two-phase envelope of a ternary diagram (that is, no phase extraction). The system is self-sharpening in that only the injected and the initial compositions exist in the composition profile. (Sufficient valid conditions for this assumption are derived in Appendix B.) There are no chemical reactions. In each phase, each component occupies the volume it would have in its pure state (VE = O, the excess volume of mixing is zero). SPEJ p. 42

Thermodynamics of associated solutions—I: Alcohol-inert solvent solutions

For alcohol-aliphatic hydrocarbon solutions, the athermal associated solution theory of Wiehe and Bagley is modified by introducing a physical interaction term of the Scatchard—Hildebrand type expression. Good fits between the modified theory and experimental data for the excess Gibbs free energy of mixing, G E , the excess enthalpy of mixing, H E , and the excess volume of mixing, V E are obtained. The parameters involved in G E and H E expressions are either a characteristic of the alcohol or calculable using the proposed correlations and pure component properties.

The mixing properties of hexafluorobenzene with carbon tetrachloride and with perfluoromethylcyclohexane

Excess thermodynamic functions (free energies, enthalpies and entropies of mixing) have been obtained from measurements of vapour pressures, together with excess volumes of mixing, for mixtures of hexafluorobenzene with carbon tetrachloride and with perfluoromethyl-cyclohexane (tetradecafluoromethylcyclohexane). Deviations from thermodynamic ideality are large, although the systems are completely miscible. Critical temperatures of the mixtures are also reported. A correlation between the data, anticipated from a simple model for mixtures of asymmetric molecules, does not obtain.

Molar volumes of aqueous acetic acid-ammonium salt solutions

The mean apparent molar volumes φ v of the CH 3COOHNH 4X(X  Cl, Br, NO 3) solutions have been determined at 40° from precise density measurements. The modified Young's rule for electrolyte-nonelectrolyte mixtures has been used to predict mean apparent molar volume, φ v , from the pure water data. The modified Young's rule was found to be applicable for the CH 3COOHNH 4X systems to some extent. The deviations from the Young's rule approximation are studied as excess volumes of mixing of CH 3COOH and NH 4X solutions.

Thermodynamic properties of ternary mixtures. 2. The excess volumes of mixing of ternary mixtures of cyclohexane, aromatics, and halomethanes

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermodynamic properties of ternary mixtures. 2. The excess volumes of mixing of ternary mixtures of cyclohexane, aromatics, and halomethanesR. P. Rastogi, Jagan Nath, and Shiva Saran DasCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1977, 22, 3, 249–252Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1977https://doi.org/10.1021/je60074a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views186Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (353 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Mechanical properties of mixtures of two compatible polymers

AbstractThe properties of mixtures of poly(2, 6‐dimethyl p‐phenylene oxide) and poly(styrene) have been measured by DSC, density gradient, dynamic mechanical response, and tensile testing. The mixtures are found to have single glass trasitions that vary continuously with the composition. They also have small negative excess volumes of mixing, indicative of strong polymerpolymer interaction. The dynamic mechanical response of the mixtures shows that the low temperature secondary relaxations are suppressed whereas those at high temperatures are enhanced. These observations imply that mixing on the segmental levc l has occurred. A plot of tensile strength vs composition at different strain rates reveals two regions of failure behavior. The high PS, high strain rate region is brittle, and the high PM2PO, low strain rate region is ductile. When the tensile yield data are treated according to the Ree‐Eyring equation, the addition of PS to PM2PO is found to reduce the flow volum, e of the mixture. The overall effect on mechanical properties of adding small amounts of one component to the other is similar to that of anti‐plasticization. Our experimental observations are consistent with the shifting of the relaxation mechanisms to longer times due to the negative excess volume of mixing.

Volumes of mixing of methyl ethyl ketone with water at elevated pressures

The molar volumes and excess molar volumes of mixing of methyl ethyl ketone with water for pressures up to 1700 bar at 30, 50 and 70 °C have been ded A number of expressions for excess volumes of mixing as functions of composition have been examined but none was found to be capable of describing the

Excess volume and effect of pressure on the critical temperature

AbstractThe asymptotic method was applied to polymer solutions. The configurational partition function based on the lattice model was much improved by introducing free volumes into consideration. Consequently we were able to calculate the fractional volume change on mixing as the mean value through use of the configurational partition function, under the assumption of pairwise additivity of volume of mixing. The derived expression for the excess volume of mixing was compared with experimental results. Gibbs free energy was derived from Helmholtz free energy and the product of the volume of mixing and pressure, from this the critical pressure‐dependent composition and temperature was obtained. Thus we have the relation between pressure and critical temperature. The data are displayed figures that it might be compared with experimental results.

Liquid phase PVTx properties of carbon tetrachloride-octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane binary mixtures

Measurements are reported for the compressions of pure carbon tetrachloride, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and three of their mixtures from atmospherlc to near freezing pressures at temperatures from 273 to 413 K. Nine isothermal equations of state were tested for precision in description of the data. Calculated excess volumes of mixing are reported. Comparison is made with available PVT data and isothermal and adiabatic compressibility results at atmospheric and elevated pressures. Important advances toward better understanding of the liquid state have been made recently as a result of studies which use as a starting point the hard-sphere model. The structure of a real fluid is determined primarily by the repulsive forces between the molecules while the attractive forces may be considered a uniform potential field which holds the molecules together. The methods for describing the attractive forces become increasingly important in the compressed liquid region. These theories, when dealing with mixtures, are sensitive to the difference in molecular sizes. A mixture which has been studied at atmospheric pressure because of the spherical symmetry of its components as well as the large disparity in their size is carbon tetrachloride-octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTS). We here describe measurements of the compressions of the two pure components and three of their mixtures. These data allow testing of isothermal equations of state as well as detailing the effect of pressure on the excess volume and hence the Gibbs free energy. Experimental Program and Results

Excess volume of mixing of some polar and nonpolar liquids with propylene carbonate

The excess volume of mixing as a function of composition has been measured at 30°C and 40°C for mixtures of propylene carbonate with nitrobenzene, chlorobenzene, benzene, toluene, cyclohexane, dioxane, carbon tetrachloride, and chloroform. The highly polar nitrobenzene forms an ideal mixture with propylene carbonate. Chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dioxane, chlorobenzene, benzene, and toluene give negative volume changes on mixing. In mixtures with cyclohexane,VmE is positive at lower mole fractions of cyclohexane but becomes negative as the mole fraction of cyclohexane increases.

The influence of chain length on the surface tensions of oligomeric mixtures

A corresponding states treatment is described for the prediction of excess static surface tensions γ st E of binary liquid mixtures of chain molecules. Good agreement is obtained with the experimental results for systems of the type n-alkane + n-alkane and n-alkane + linear dimethylsiloxane, with residual discrepancies mainly attributable to inadequacies in the models used to estimate γ st E - γ dyn E , the difference between the static and dynamic surface tensions. For the n-alkane + dimethylsiloxane mixtures, the predicted chain length dependence of γ dyn E is compared with that reported previously for their excess volumes of mixing.

Excess volumes of mixing of nearly spherical molecules 1. Mixtures containing dodecafluorocyclohexane

A batch dilatometer for measuring excess volumes of binary liquid mixtures at pressures up to 300 kPa is described. The excess volumes of four binary mixtures containing dodecafluorocyclohexane have been measured at 338.2 K and 294 kPa. The results are discussed qualitatively in relation to previous investigations of mixtures containing perfluorocarbons.

Excess volumes of mixing of nearly spherical molecules 2. Mixtures containing cyclic dimethylsiloxanes

A continuous-dilatometer is described for the measurement of excess volumes of binary liquid mixtures. Emphasis of design is directed towards ease of operation coupled with a precision of ±0.002 cm 3 mol −1. Excess volumes have been measured for benzene + cyclohexane at 298.2 K and the results are compared with previous determinations. Excess volumes of six binary systems involving cyclic dimethylsiloxanes have been measured at one temperature. The experimental excess functions of several mixtures of pseudospherical molecules are compared with theoretical predictions based upon the van der Waals approximation. Poor agreement with experiment of the calculated excess volumes suggests the inadequacy of the Lorentz combining rule as applied to mixtures of molecules of this type.

Thermodynamics of binary mixtures: excess volumes of mixing of some binary 1,2-dichloroethane mixtures

The excess volumes, V E, of some binary 1,2-dichloroethane mixtures have been determined at 30°C. The data have been examined for Cell model theory of Prigogine and Flory's theory. Both theories have been found to fail to fit the results with useful accuracy.

Densities and Excess Volumes of Fused Halides

Abstract Densities of molten AgBr-AX (A = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; X = Br or Cl), AgBr-AgCl, KBr-NaBr, KBr-CsBr, KCl-KBr, and KCl-CsBr mixtures have been measured at 0.5 mole fraction using the method of Archimedean displacement. The excess volumes of mixing are all positive, except for the AgBr-LiBr system. Attempts to relate the excess volumes of the binary AgBr-ABr systems to the second order conformal solution theory of Reiss, Katz, and Kleppa are unsuccessful, since V E is large even when the diameter difference parameter, δ12, is close to zero. However, the excess volumes of the reciprocal AgBr-ACl systems at 0.5 mole fraction are found, within experimental error, to have a linear dependence on δ12. The positive deviations from conformal solution theory which occur for the alkali halide mixtures have been interpreted in terms of non-Coulombic polarisation and van der Waals interactions.