Bio-based polyhydroxyamides (PHAs) are promising functional materials that have the potential to be utilized in various fields. However, the complex steps required for synthesizing high-performance PHAs limit their large-scale manufacture and further applications. To address this challenge, a novel and simple strategy was proposed for preparing strong PHAs with tunable adhesion, sensitive humidity response, and unique fluorescence properties by using bio-based monomers via melt polycondensation. These PHAs are thermally stable and possess tunable mechanical properties. The multiple hydrogen bonds endow PHAs with excellent adhesive properties. The overlapping shear strength was 24.6 MPa when using stainless steel plates. The humidity response of PHAs can be controlled by adjusting the water absorption content, and the hygroscopic-induced crystallization endows PHAs with excellent shape re-editing and shape memory properties. The presence of abundant amide bonds in PHAs promotes the formation of amide cluster-induced luminescence in these PHAs. The combination of sustainable raw materials and high-performance PHAs presents various opportunities for the development of new functional polyamides toward strong sustainable adhesives.