Excellent Lubrication Performance Research Articles

Surface lubrication with thermal- and pH-sensitive PNIPAM-co-PAA-(IF-MoS2/GO) composite microgels under YG8/TC4 contact

In this investigation, the surface tribological behavior of YG8/TC4 contacts under microgel lubrication was explored, utilizing thermal- and pH-sensitive PNIPAM-co-PAA-(IF-MoS2/GO) composite microgels as lubricant additives. Through the application of a ball-on-disk reciprocating tribometer, the study demonstrated the outstanding lubrication capabilities of the composite microgels. The lubrication process involving PNIPAM-co-PAA-(IF-MoS2/GO) composite microgels initiated a tribo-chemical reaction, leading to the generation of a larger quantity of TiS2 with exceptional lubricating properties on the friction surface compared to alternative lubrication conditions. The effective isolation of the friction pair by PNIPAM-co-PAA composite microgels contributed to the reduction in tribo-oxidation of the sliding surfaces , while the presence of IF-MoS2 facilitated the formation of TiS2. Furthermore, the facile sliding property of GO nanosheets played a crucial role in achieving overall excellent lubrication performance. The synergistic effects arising from the components in PNIPAM-co-PAA-(IF-MoS2/GO) composite microgels introduce a novel and effective strategy for controlling the friction and wear of YG8/TC4 contacts.

The synthesis of hyperbranched polysiloxane-functionalized graphene oxide with excellent water lubrication performance

Water, esteemed for its sustainable and environmentally friendly lubricating qualities, faces constraints due to its limited load-bearing capacity and diminished lubrication performance, restricting its applications. This study endeavors to overcome these challenges by synthesizing a hyperbranched polysiloxane (HBPSi) and grafting it onto graphene oxide (GO) surfaces. The remarkable lubricating properties and hydrophilicity of HBPSi enable the stable dispersion of GO in water, thereby enhancing overall lubrication performance. This novel approach not only increases water's carrying capacity but also enhances its lubricating ability. Consequently, the resultant HBPSi-GO exhibits exemplary tribological properties. By elucidating this methodology, our research establishes a practical foundation for the development of high-performance water lubrication additives.

Performance evaluation of trimethylolpropane ester as high-temperature resistant lubricant for high performance water-based drilling fluids

As drilling operations increasingly target large-displacement wells, horizontal wells, deep wells, and ultra-deep wells, the challenges of excessive drilling resistance and downhole safety have become more prominent. During the drilling process, one of the primary technical methods for preventing and addressing drilling safety issues is the reduction of downhole frictional resistance through the addition of lubricants to the drilling fluid. In this study, a high-temperature and high-salt-resistant drilling fluid lubricant was synthesized using raw materials such as oleic acid and trimethylolpropane. The lubricant exhibited excellent lubrication performance under high-temperature and high-salt conditions. When added at a 1.5% dosage to a 4% freshwater-based slurry, HZ-1 resulted in a 95.2% reduction in the lubrication coefficient. After aging at 200 °C, the HZ-1-containing slurry maintained an 87.9% reduction, and when used with a NaCl dosage of 36%, the slurry still exhibited an 80.5% reduction. Furthermore, HZ-1 exhibited favorable compatibility with both polymer drilling fluid and polysulfone drilling fluid systems. It had basically no effect on the rheological properties of the drilling fluid and reduced filtration loss. Moreover, HZ-1 exhibited a lubrication coefficient reduction rate of 94.5% in freshwater-based slurry and 85.5% in brine-based slurry, outperforming domestic and foreign lubricants. It outperformed these comparative lubricants in terms of lubrication and drag reduction within the same period. The analysis of the lubrication and drag-reduction mechanism revealed that HZ-1, when adsorbed onto a metal surface, formed a hydrophobic and high-strength physical adsorption film. This film prevented direct contact between drilling tools and the friction surface of the well wall, resulting in a significant reduction in the lubrication coefficient. Furthermore, using the drilling fluid system containing HZ-1 lubricant, the wear scar diameter formed on the surface of the four-ball friction experimental body was the smallest, measuring only 0.78 mm. This property significantly enhances the extreme-pressure and anti-wear performance of the friction sub-surface. Consequently, HZ-1 effectively prevents complications such as pressure support, stuck drilling, and high frictional resistance, thereby significantly reducing costs and improving efficiency.

The enhanced tribological performance of fabric‐reinforced resin composites by biomimetic surface modification of fillers

The poor dispersion of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and weak interfacial adhesion of fabric and resin matrix seriously affect the tribological performance of fabric‐reinforcement resin composites. Tannic acid (TA), a plant‐derived compound, which is similar to mussel‐inspired polydopamine, can adhere to various substrates under a weak basic buffer solution. Therefore, in this work, TA‐modified MWCNTs were incorporated into TA functionalized fabric composite to improve the tribological performance of the fabric composite. The results indicate that the MWCNTs and fabric were successfully modified with TA. The wear tests revealed that the TA‐MWCNTs reinforcement TA‐fabric resin composites exhibited the best tribological performance, in which the friction coefficient and volume wear rate decreased by 16.9% and 40%, respectively, compared with pristine fabric composite. The favorable interfacial bonding between fabric and resin is beneficial to the friction force transfer to the load‐bearing fabric, decreasing the stress focus and thus reducing the damage to composite materials. Meanwhile, the good dispersion of MWCNTs contributes to the excellent lubrication performance. This simple and eco‐friendly method of treating fillers with TA provides a new approach to achieve high‐performance tribological materials.

Durable bionic honeycomb slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces with anti-icing and water-collecting properties

The slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces with nanostructures have emerged as a high-performance multifunctional surface with super-liquid repellency, low contact angle hysteresis and self-healing. However, the amount of lubricant captured by the nanostructures is extremely low, and such oil-filled functional surfaces are susceptible to lubricant loss depletion. In this research, we developed a honeycomb-inspired multidimensional lubricant-infused surface that has a good ability to lock in lubricant while providing excellent mechanical durability. The honeycomb-shaped hexagonal micropores store lubricant to stabilize the smooth oil layer, while the pine-needle shaped nano-needles in the pores retain the lubricant in the pores, making it more difficult to lose the lubricant and increasing durability. Compared to conventional nanostructured slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces, this surface ensures excellent long-term lubrication performance under extreme conditions such as cooling, high shear and water spray impact. Meanwhile the honeycomb mesh lubricant injected into the surface is able to rapidly coalesce and remove water droplets during condensation due to the presence of coarsening effect, and it also retards the formation of ice. This structure provides a new idea for anti-icing and water collection research

Excellent lubricating performance of a novel polysaccharide lubricant on reducing friction-induced deformation

Minimizing the deformation caused by friction on surfaces enabled to maintain a stable friction force and coefficient of friction (COF), and valuable insights could be gained from studying bio-based lubrication systems. A natural polysaccharide was derived from fresh okras in order to enhance the lubricating efficiency of aqueous system. The lubricating performance and mechanism of okra polysaccharide were unveiled through the implementation of multiple wear tests between the steel and PA66. Particular attention was paid to the relationship between the deformation, friction force and COF. The results indicated that the surface fluctuated deformations caused comparable fluctuations in both the friction force and the COF. However, the inclusion of okra polysaccharide at a concentration of 2 wt% significantly diminished the amplitudes of friction force by decreasing surface deformations. As a result, almost 50% decrease in both COF and wear loss were observed. The lubricating mechanism of okra-polysaccharide lubricant could be described as the interaction between the hydrophilic groups and water molecules, which forms a hydration layer on the surfaces in contact, thus reducing shear force. The acquired knowledge in this study was used to develop a green lubricant that addresses the issue of instability in frictional systems caused by friction-induced deformation.

Excellent corrosion inhibition and lubrication performance of MMT based ionic liquids as ester oil additives

In this work, electrochemical experiments and friction tests were conducted to investigate anti-corrosion properties and lubrication performance of the 2-mercapto-5-methyl thiadiazole (MMT) based ILs as additives of ester oil. The outcomes of electrochemical experiments were further supported by quantum chemical simulation which clarified the reason for corrosion inhibition from a microscopic perspective. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy obtained from different temperatures (from 293 K to 323 K) showed that the inhibitors could reach a higher corrosion inhibition efficiency at 293 K. The experimental data exhibited that the adsorption behavior obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the inhibitors adsorbed on the surface in a laying way seen from the results of theoretical simulation. Besides, SEM and XPS were employed to analyze the corrosion morphologies of immersion tests corroborating the presence of adsorption film on the steel surface. The tribological performance of MMT based ILs as base oil additives were examined by four-ball tester. The friction coefficient dropped by 47% and wear scar diameter decreased by 28% contrast to the base oil sample. The outstanding corrosion inhibition properties and friction-reducing and anti-wear performance could make it prospect for some industrial applications in energy saving.

Pulsed Laser Manufactured Heteroatom Doped Carbon Dots via Heterocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons for Improved Tribology Performance.

Traditional laser-assisted method (top-down synthesis strategy) is applied in the preparation of carbon dots (CDs) by cutting larger carbon materials, which requires harsh conditions, and the size distribution of the CDs is seldom monodisperse. In this work, heteroatom-doped CDs, represented by N,S co-doped CDs (N,S-CDs), can be prepared successfully by pulsed laser irradiation of heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-based small molecule compound solution. The friction coefficient (COF) of base oil PAO decreases from 0.650 to 0.093, and the wear volume reduces by 92.0% accompanied by 1 wt.% N,S-CDs addition, while the load-bearing capacity is improved from 100 to 950 N. The excellent lubrication performance is mainly attributed to the formation of a robust tribofilm via a tribochemical reaction between N,S-CDs and friction pairs, and the N,S-CDs can play a mending effect and polishing effect for worn surfaces. Furthermore, the lubricant containing heteroatom doped CDs are capable of being prepared in situ via pulsed laser irradiation of heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in base oil, which can avoid the redispersed problem of nano-additive in base oil to maintain long-term dispersion, with COF of 0.103 and low wear volume ≈1.99 × 105 µm3 (76.9% reduction) even after standing for 9 months.

Effect of nano-AlN, Al2O3 on friction and wear properties of copper-steel clad plate immersed in the lubricants

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the preparation of AlN and Al2O3, as well as the effect of nano-AlN and nano-Al2O3, on friction and wear properties of copper-steel clad plate immersed in the lubricants.Design/methodology/approachNano-AlN or nano-Al2O3 (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 Wt.%) functional fluids were prepared. Their tribological properties were tested by an MRS-10A four-ball friction tester and a ball-on-plate configuration, and scanning electron microscope observed the worn surface of the plate.FindingsAn increase in nano-AlN and Al2O3 content enhances the extreme pressure and anti-wear performance of the lubricant. The best performance is achieved at 0.5 Wt.% of nano-AlN and 0.3 Wt.% of nano-Al2O3 with PB of 834 N and 883 N, a coefficient of friction (COF) of approximately 0.07 and 0.06, respectively. Furthermore, the inclusion of nano-AlN and nano-Al2O3 particles in the lubricant enhances its extreme pressure performance and reduces wear, leading to decreased wear spot depth. The lubricating effect of the nano-Al2O3 lubricant on the surface of the copper-steel composite plate is slightly superior to that of the nano-AlN lubricant, with a COF reaching 0.07. Both lubricants effectively fill and lubricate the holes on the surface of the copper-steel composite plate.Originality/valueAlN and Al2O3 as water-based lubricants have excellent lubrication performance and can reduce the COF. It can provide some reference for the practical application of nano-water-based lubricants.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-08-2023-0255/

Crosslinked Polymer Coatings of Poly (Acrylic Acid-co-acrylamide)/Polyethyleneimine (P(AA-co-AAm)/PEI) on Titanium Alloy with Excellent Lubrication Performance for Artificial Joints

The development of coatings with efficient lubrication and load-bearing capacity is an urgent need for artificial joints. Here, we successfully fabricated poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/polyethyleneimine (P(AA-co-AAm)/PEI) coating on titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) surface via UV irradiation and thermal treatment technique. The dual crosslinked network structures were composed of a P(AA-co-AAm) network via free radical polymerization and a PAA-co-PEI network via thermal crosslinking of amine and carboxyl groups. The thermally crosslinked P(AA-co-AAm)/PEI coatings exhibit a stable low friction coefficient (approximately 0.022) and exceptionally low wear volume, with a 93.8% and 92.6% reduction, respectively, in comparison to the pristine Ti6Al4V. These thermally crosslinked P(AA-co-AAm)/PEI hydrogel coatings exhibit excellent lubrication and anti-wear properties, providing a strategy for developing novel lubricating coatings in the biomedical field.

Effect of Dissolved Oxygen Content on Tribo-Corrosion Behavior of Monel 400 Alloy in Seawater

When serving in the marine environment, the corrosion of metals is inevitably affected by marine environmental factors, especially dissolved oxygen. This will affect the service life of metal in the marine environment. In this paper, a friction- and wear-testing machine, an electrochemical workstation, and a dissolved oxygen/temperature control system are employed to systematically study the influence of dissolved oxygen (DO) content on the tribo-corrosion characteristics of Monel 400 alloy in seawater. The results show that the DO content has a remarkable effect on the tribo-corrosion behavior of Monel 400 alloy. The corrosion of Monel 400 alloy increases with the increase in DO content, leading to the thickness of corrosion product increasing at higher DO contents. The corrosion product is mainly composed of Ni(OH)2, Cu2O, CuO, and Cu(OH)2. While the corrosion of Monel 400 alloy further affects the wear rate of the alloy, when the corrosion is inhibited, the change of DO content has no effect on the wear rate of Monel 400 alloy. In addition, the inhibition influence of corrosion on mechanical wear is found, which is attributed to the excellent lubrication performance of corrosion products.

Enhanced Tribological Performance of Micro-Beam Plasma-Cladded Ni60 Coatings with Addition of Mo and Ag Lubricants in a Wide Temperature Range

In recent years, there has been significant attention on the application potential of medium and high-temperature self-lubricating composites as sliding parts in extreme environments. This study examines the effects of different Mo and Ag content on the composition and wear resistance of Ni60-cladded coatings at room temperature, 300 °C and 600 °C, while also analyzing their wear mechanism by studying the tribofilm. The results indicate that with an appropriate weight addition of Mo and Ag, one typical lubricant called Ag2MoO4 emerges. At room temperature, the cladding layer containing 5 wt.% Mo and 5 wt.% Ag exhibits a wear rate of 2.08 × 10−6 mm3/Nm, and an average coefficient of friction (COF) of 0.3410. These two are 85% and 11% lower than those of the Ni60 cladding layer, respectively. At 300 °C, MoO3 and Cr2MoO6 act as solid lubricants. Furthermore, at 600 °C, a MoSi2 and SiO2 film forms on the worn surface to prevent further oxidation of MoSi2 and enhance oxidation resistance. The main wear mechanism is adhesion wear. Under higher temperatures, the newly formed Ag2MoO4 in the composite cladding layer adopts a layered cubic spinel structure where low-energy Ag-O bonds preferentially break during friction processes, demonstrating excellent lubrication performance.

Self-Adaptive Macroscale Superlubricity Based on the Tribocatalytic Properties of Partially Oxidized Black Phosphorus.

The high-flash heat generated by direct contact at asperity tips under high contact stress and shear significantly promotes the tribocatalytic reaction between a lubricating medium and a friction interface. Macroscale superlubricity can be achieved by using additives with good lubrication properties to promote the decomposition and transformation of a lubricating medium to form an ultralow shear interface during the friction process. This paper proposed a way to achieve self-adaptive oil-based macroscale superlubricity on different tribopairs, including steel-steel and steel-DLC (diamond-like carbon), which is based on the excellent lubricating performance of black phosphorus with active oxidation and the catalytic cleavage behavior of oil molecules on the surface of oBP. This work potentially expands the industrial application of superlubricity.

Solvent-free carbon sphere nanofluids towards intelligent lubrication regulation

AbstractBy simply switching the electrical circuit installed on steel/steel contact, the tribological behaviors of nanofluids (NFs) can be regulated in real time, thereby achieving the desired performance of friction reduction and wear resistance. Herein, solvent-free carbon spherical nanofluids (C-NFs) were successfully prepared for intelligent lubrication regulation. C-NFs with excellent lubrication performance can immediately reduce the coefficient of friction (COF) despite applying a weak electric potential (1.5 V). Moreover, polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) containing 5.0 wt% C-NFs remained responsive to electrical stimulation under the intermittent voltage application with an average coefficient of friction (ACOF) reduction of 20.8% over PEG400. Such intelligent lubrication regulation of C-NFs under an external electric field (EEF) mainly depends on the orderly arranged double-electric adsorption film of ion canopy-adsorbed carbon spheres (CSs). The intermittent electrical application can continuously reinforce the adsorption film and its durability for real-time controlling the sliding interfaces. Electrical-stimulation-responsive intelligent lubricants provide a new technical support for realizing intelligent stepless control of devices.

Tribology of Copper Metal Matrix Composites Reinforced with Fluorinated Graphene Oxide Nanosheets: Implications for Solid Lubricants in Mechanical Switches.

The potential for the use of copper coatings on steel switching mechanisms is abundant owing to the high conductivities and corrosion resistance that they impart on the engineered assemblies. However, applications of these coatings on such moving parts are limited due to their poor tribological properties; tendencies to generate high friction and susceptibility to degradative wear. In this study, we have fabricated a fluorinated graphene oxide-copper metal matrix composite (FGO-CMMC) on an AISI 52100 bearing steel substrate by a simple electrodeposition process in water. The FGO-CMMC coatings exhibited excellent lubrication performance under pin-on-disk (PoD) tribological sliding at 1N load, which reduced CoF by 63 and 69%, compared to the GO-CMMC and pure copper coatings that were also prepared. Furthermore, FGO-CMMC achieved low friction and low wear at higher sliding loads. The lubrication enhancement of the FGO-CMMCs is attributed to the tribochemical reaction of FGO with the AISI 52100 steel counterface initiated by the sliding load. The formation of an asymmetric tribofilm structure on the sliding track is critical; the performance of the FGO/Cu tribofilm formed in the track is boosted by the continued fluorination of the counterface surface during PoD sliding, passivating the tribosystem from adhesion-driven breakdown. The FGO-CMMC and GO-CMMC coatings also provide increased corrosion protection reaching 94.2 and 91.6% compared to the bare steel substrate, allowing for the preservation of the long-term low-friction performance of the coating. Other influences include the improved interlaminar shear strength of the FGO-containing composite. The excellent lubrication performance of the copper matrix composite coatings facilitated by FGO incorporation makes it a promising solid lubricant candidate for use in mechanical engineering applications.

Dual-functional MOFs-based hybrid microgel advances aqueous lubrication and anti-inflammation

This paper demonstrates the hybridization of copolymer microgel with drug-loaded metal–organic frameworks nanoparticles that can achieve excellent aqueous lubricating performance and anti-inflammatory effect for synergistic treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). Poly(ethylene glycol)-graft-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PEG-g-PNIPAm) microgel layer is grown on the MIL-101(Cr) surface via one-pot soap-free emulsion polymerization method. The lower critical solution temperature of the MIL-101(Cr)@PEG-g-PNIPAm hybrid is raised significantly by incorporating PEG chains into the PNIPAm microgel matrix, which greatly enhances the high-temperature aqueous dispersion stability. The hybrid microgel demonstrated reversibly thermo-sensitive swelling-collapsing behavior to modulate the optical properties and hydrodynamic size. Using as aqueous lubricating additives, the hybrid reduces over 64% and 97% in friction coefficient and wear volume. Also, the hybrid supports desirable temperature-controlled lubrication modulation due to their reversible thermo-responsive behavior, which is benefit to joint lubrication of OA. After encapsulating anti-inflammatory diclofenac sodium (DS), the DS-MIL-101(Cr)@PEG-g-PNIPAm shows thermo-responsive drug release in aqueous media, which can improve the drug-delivery efficiency. By co-culturing the DS-loaded hybrid with human normal chondrocytes, we demonstrate good biocompatibility and anti-inflammatory effect on the chondrocytes with inflammation by regulating the expression of OA-related genes and proteins. Our work establishes multifunctional MOFs-based hybrid microgel systems for advanced colloids modulation and biomedical application.

Tribo-induced catalytically active oxide surfaces enabling the formation of the durable and high-performance carbon-based tribofilms

Carbon-containing tribofilms have attracted significant interest in the lubrication research despite a scarcity of information on their high-temperature performance under severe boundary conditions. In this study, high-temperature lubrication of the carbon tribofilm produced from cyclopropane carboxylic acid (CPCa) and NiAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles was evaluated. NiAl-LDH nanoparticles significantly enhanced the friction stability and antiwear performance of CPCa by over 90% at 50°C and 100°C, comparable to the benchmark zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDPs). The highly graphitic amorphous carbon tribofilms and the fine-grain intermediate tribolayer constructed by the thermal decomposition products of NiAl-LDH contributed to such excellent lubrication performance. This study paves a pathway in developing functional anti-wear additives for the durable and high-performance carbon-containing tribofilms at high temperatures.

Constructing tough bilayer hydrogel with excellent lubrication performance for load-bearing application

Numerous strategies have been proposed to improve the strength and stiffness of hydrogels, which significantly sacrificed water content, thereby compromising lubrication properties. Hence, it remains challenging to develop elastic and strong hydrogels with excellent lubrication properties for a wide range of applications. Inspired by the stratified structure of natural bio-tissues, the mechanically strong bilayer hydrogels comprising of soft lubricating layer and hard load-bearing layer were prepared. The top porous structure could trap water molecules to achieve low friction (COF∼0.009) under a heavily loaded condition of 5 N (contact stress∼2.5 MPa), while the bottom layer provided excellent load-bearing capacity. The bilayer hydrogel with high mechanical strength, superior lubrication and excellent wear-resistance properties has considerable potential in joint replacement and tissue scaffold.

Stable macroscopic liquid superlubricity induced by asymmetric contact of a mixture of unequal-diameter nanosphere additives

Solid additives can effectively overcome/alleviate the deficiencies of pure liquid lubricants themselves. However, the additive morphology involved in most of the reported solid additive/liquid lubricant systems is mostly irregular. They take more into account species differences and ignore the potential advantages of the sizes of unequal particles for the purpose of superlubricity. Herein, a mixed unequal-diameter sphere additive/ionic liquid analogue (Uneq-SA/ILA) model system is designed from the perspective of asymmetric contact between unequal-diameter spheres. It can easily enter a stable macroscopic superlubricated state (coefficient of friction as low as 0.0046) with negligible wear relative to an equal-diameter sphere additive/ILA system. Such excellent lubrication performance is attributed to the synergy of asymmetric contact between unequal-diameter spheres and low-shear-viscosity ILA; the ILA adsorbed on the sphere additive makes asymmetric slip interface between the spheres mainly concentrated inside the ILA, avoiding direct point-to-surface contact between the spheres. The film thickness of 948 μm implies that unequal-diameter spheres in the ILA have a normal accumulation space during contact, and the lubrication mechanism is dominated by hydrodynamic lubrication. This study deepens the understanding of asymmetric contact function of solid additives and provides new insights for the design of next-generation solid additive/liquid superlubrication systems.

Enhanced graphene oxide adhesion on steel surface through boronizing functionalization treatment: Toward the robust ultralow friction

As a promising lubricate additive, the excellent lubrication performance of graphene oxide (GO) is attributed to the formation of GO tribofilm. However, the poor adsorption of GO on engineering materials surfaces limits the formation of tribofilm, resulting in losing the expected lubricating performance as a lubricant additive. In this study, to improve the adsorption of GO on bearing steel, the boronized functionalization layer was prepared on a bearing steel surface by an electrochemical boronizing process. Our experiment results indicate that an ultralow friction state with a friction coefficient (COF) of 0.03 was achieved on the boronized surface lubricated with 1 wt% GO nanosheets as water-based additives. Together with TEM, EDS and Raman analysis, we confirmed the formation of GO tribofilm with a thickness of 280 nm on the sliding surface due to the synergistic effect of the boronized surface and GO. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation revealed that the high adhesion energy between the boronized surface and GO endows the preferential adsorption of GO on the sliding surface to form the tribofilm. The ultralow interlayer shear strength of GO tribofilm further contributed to the impressive synergistic lubrication performance. Our study expands the application scope of the ultralow friction behavior of GO by enhancing its adhesion energy on the engineering alloy surface.