Excellent Adsorption Selectivity Research Articles

Fabrication of novel 4-methyl-5-thiazoleethanol covalently-linked graphene oxide composite with adsorption selectivity for Cu2+ from aqueous solutions

BackgroundThe covalent coupling of specific organic components to graphene oxide (GO) can improve its adsorption selectivity and reduce its hydrophilicity for fast separation by acylation of the abundant carboxyl groups (-COOH) on the surface. MethodsIn this study, a novel composite material with excellent adsorption selectivity toward copper ions (Cu2+) was prepared by covalent-linking of 4-methyl-5-thiazoleethanol (MTE) to GO through a facile one-step esterification reaction. The composition and morphology of GO-MTE composites pre- and after-adsorption of Cu2+were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyses. The adsorption conditions of GO-MTE composite for Cu2+were investigated and optimized. To further reveal the possible adsorption mechanism of GO-MTE composite toward Cu2+, the experimental data were fitted by different adsorption dynamics and isothermal models. The reusability of GO-MTE composite was evaluated by repeating the adsorption/desorption experiments in eight consecutive cycles. Significant findingsThe introduction of MTE effectively inactivates most of the carboxyl groups of GO, and the covalently-linked thiazole ring with N- and S-containing heteroatoms endows GO-MTE composite with excellent adsorption selectivity for Cu2+ in aqueous solution. The adsorption capacities of GO-MTE composite for Cu2+ are 2.39, 17.08 and 26.64 times higher than those of Pb2+, Nd3+ and Y3+, respectively, indicating that it possesses stronger binding ability for Cu2+. After eight adsorption/desorption cycles, the recycled GO-MTE composite still maintained high adsorption capacity and removal rate for Cu2+, indicating that GO-MTE composite possesses excellent stability and reusability, and it could be used for the separation and recovery of Cu2+ from aqueous solutions.

Facile synthesis of heteroporous covalent organic frameworks with dual linkages: a “three-in-one” strategy

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with dual linkages can combine advantages and properties of two distinct connectors, enabling the development of multifunctional materials. However, due to challenges in simultaneously forming two types of linkages, the synthesis of COFs with dual linkages remains a significant challenge. Herein, we propose a “three-in-one” molecular design strategy for synthesizing COFs with dual linkages (4-amino-4"-(2,2-dioxan-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)-[1,1':3',1"-terphenyl]-5'-yl) boronic acid (ADTB)-COF and (4'-amino-5'-(4-(2,2-dioxan-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)phenyl)-[1,1':3',1'-teroxan]-5-yl) boronic acid (ADPB)-COF through reversible condensation between three distinct functionalization groups on the monomer. Benefitting from the abundant micropores and high surface area, ADPB-COF showed excellent selective adsorption capability of C3H8 over CH4 (174, 298 K/1 bar). The present work introduces a new approach for constructing COFs with dual linkages, which greatly simplifies the synthesis process and provides a novel opportunity to develop functional materials based on COFs with multi-linkages.

A More Efficient Method for Preparing a MIP-CQDs/ZnO1-x Photodegradant with Highly Selective Adsorption and Photocatalytic Properties.

The application of semiconductor photocatalysts in wastewater treatment always has a drawback, which is the lack of selectivity for pollutants, but molecular imprinting technology (MIT) is a remarkable method for preparing highly selective adsorbents for low concentration target pollutants. Up to now, the research of molecular imprinting materials has mainly focused on organic polymers, and there has been little research on inorganic molecular imprinting materials. In the present work, we introduced carbon quantum dots (CQDs) into the flower-like hierarchical ZnO to prepare photocatalysts CQDs/ZnO. Further, with ciprofloxacin (CIP) as the template molecule, a molecular imprinting material MIP-CQDs/ZnO1-x was prepared by introducing both oxygen vacancies and imprinted cavities into CQDs/ZnO by the hydrothermal calcination method. It can not only increase the concentration of oxygen vacancies and broaden the light absorption range of zinc oxide without changing the crystal form of ZnO but also make it have the characteristics of preferential adsorption and degradation of CIP during the degradation process. Under the synergistic effect of CQDs, oxygen vacancies, and molecularly imprinted cavities, the molecularly imprinted material exhibits excellent photocatalytic and selective adsorption performance.

Construction of hierarchical porous and polydopamine/salicylaldoxime functionalized zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 via controlled etching for uranium adsorption.

Efficient uranium extraction from seawater is critical for the development of the nuclear industry. Herein, a polydopamine/salicylaldoxime decorated hierarchical zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (H-PDA/SA-ZIF-8) is constructed by using a controlled etching process. Benefiting from the combination of PDA/SA and the zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), as well as a controlled etching process, the H-PDA/SA-ZIF-8 possesses multiaffinity sites, excellent specific surface area (1234.92 m2 g-1), and a hierarchical pore structure. The H-PDA/SA-ZIF-8 exhibits excellent adsorption capacity (Qm = 869.6 mg g-1), selectivity, and reusability in uranium adsorption. The adsorption process of H-PDA/SA-ZIF-8 fits very well with the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order models, and the adsorption process equilibrates within 20 min (C0 = 20 mg L-1). Furthermore, the H-PDA/SA-ZIF-8 shows remarkable antibacterial ability. Impressively, the adsorption capacity of H-PDA/SA-ZIF-8 to uranium in natural seawater reaches 6.9 mg g-1 after circulation for 15 days. Therefore, the H-PDA/SA-ZIF-8 is a promising and fascinating material for uranium extraction from natural seawater.

Ion-imprinted chitosan prepared without cross-linking agent for efficient selective adsorption of Al(III) from rare earth solution.

In the aqueous phase, ion-imprinted materials exhibit excellent selective adsorption properties for specific ions, but their complicated preparation process and large amount of crosslinker consumption limit their application. In this study, ion-imprinted chitosan (IIP-CS) was prepared by a simple one-step hydrothermal method without a cross-linking agent for the efficient adsorption of trace amounts of Al(III) from a rare earth solution. The structures and morphology of IIP-CS were analyzed by FT-IR, SEM, and XRD. The Al(III) adsorption characteristics of IIP-CS were investigated under various preparation processes and adsorption conditions. It was found that the optimum mass ratio of IIP-CS is 3 : 1 and pH is 3 and the adsorption capacity reaches up to 40.36 mg g-1. In addition, three different isothermal models-Temkin, Freundlich, and Langmuir-were used to analyze the equilibrium adsorption of IIP-CS in aqueous solution. The results obtained are consistent with the Langmuir model. The adsorption process of Al(III) on IIP-CS follows a pseudo-secondary kinetic model, suggesting that electron sharing or exchange between IIP-CS and Al(III) is a key factor affecting its adsorption rate. IIP-CS shows high selectivity coefficients for Al(III) in mixtures of La(III), Y(III), and Gd(III), which are 792.50, 163.26, and 55.16, respectively. The mechanism of action is the formation of a complex via amidation between Al(III) and IIP-CS. IIP-CS is an adsorbent with excellent regeneration and selective adsorption performance in aqueous solution.

An Effective Mercury Ion Adsorbent Based on a Mixed-Matrix Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membrane with Excellent Hydrophilicity and High Mechanical Strength

Improving the hydrophilicity and mechanical strength of membranes in water treatment applications remains challenging. In this study, modified vermiculite (VT-M) and a hydrophilic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were introduced into a polyethyleneimine-functionalized polyvinylidene fluoride composite membrane (PVDF/PEI) to prepare a comprehensively modified mixed-matrix PVDF composite membrane adsorbent that exhibited high mechanical strength and excellent hydrophilicity. The modified composite membrane featured good tensile properties, with a maximum tensile strength of 2.093 MPa, which was 2.5 times that of the PVDF/PEI membrane. After 7 s, the water contact angle of the composite membrane decreased to 0°, leading to significantly improved hydrophilicity. The modified composite membrane exhibited excellent adsorption selectivity for mercury ions, with a fitted maximum adsorption capacity of 807 mg/g. In a mixed-metal ion solution, the selectivity of the membrane for Hg(II) ions was 1.2 × 105 times that for Cd(II) ions. The adsorption mechanism of Hg(II) ions involved chelation, electrostatic attraction, and crystal growth processes. The present work suggests the great potential of mixed-matrix PVDF composite materials in the remediation of mercury-polluted water environments.

Preparation of novel polyvinyl alcohol–carbon nanotubes containing imidazolyl ionic liquid/chitosan hydrogel for highly efficient uranium extraction from seawater

A novel polyvinyl alcohol–carbon nanotube containing an imidazolyl ionic liquid/chitosan composite hydrogel (termed CBCS) was prepared for highly selective uranium adsorption from seawater. The results show that CBCS has good adsorption properties for uranium within the pH range of 5.0–8.0. Kinetics and thermodynamics experiments show that the theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of CBCS to U(VI) is 496.049 mg/g (288 K, pH = 6.0), indicating a spontaneous exothermic reaction. Mechanism analysis shows that the hydroxyl group, amino group, and CN bond on the surface of CBCS directly participate in uranium adsorption and that the dense pores on the surface of CBCS play an important role in uranium adsorption. The competitive adsorption experiment shows that CBCS has excellent uranium adsorption selectivity. In addition, CBCS exhibits good reusability. After five adsorption–desorption cycles, the uranium adsorption rate of CBCS can still reach >98 %. Hence, CBCS has excellent potential for uranium extraction from seawater.

Fabrication of double imprinted anchor points in cellulose nanocrystals-based hierarchical porous polyHIPEs for selective separation of flavoniods under physiological pH

Previous research had proved that molecular imprinted polymers can be used as separation material for removing Naringin (NRG) from agricultural pomelo wastes effectively. But the adsorption amounts of NRG molecules from traditional MIPs was quite low by using boronic acid as functional monomer because of single affinity interaction. Therefore, we developed the new combination of bifunctional monomers (i.e. low pKa boronate affinity monomer 2,4-difluoro-3-formylphenylboronic acid and dopamine) based on cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) mixed with polymerized high internal phase emulsion (polyHIPE, PH) through an double layer surface imprinted method. The introduction of polyethylenimine (PEI) can offer abundant anchor units for the growth of more anchor sites to immobilization template molecules. Importantly, largely improved selective adsorption amounts (50.79 μmol g−1), which may be attribute to the fabrication of the uniform growth of double imprinted layers onto the polydopamine (PDA)/boronic acid-based surfaces. In addition, the resulting double recognition molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) based on hypercrosslinked PH (DR-HCLPH@MIPs) not only exhibited fast adsorption kinetic of NRG molecule, but also possessed excellent selectivity and high adsorption capacities at physiological pH. Meanwhile, the coarse NRG from pomelo waste can be high selectively extracted to 94.74%. Overall, this study provides a versatile approach for fabrication of the sandwich-biscuit-like double imprinting layer porous MIPs for precise identification and ultrafast transport separation of NRG from complex samples.

A trifecta membrane modified by multifunctional superhydrophilic coating for Oil/Water separation and simultaneous absorption of dyes and heavy metal

Adsorption and separation are the most important chemical engineering processes for wastewater treatment. Exerting microfiltration membranes as the central separation technology and decorating them with absorption property, forming absorptive membranes, result in the separation and purification of diverse wastewaters in an energy-efficient manner. Herein, a versatile polyanionic coating with superhydrophilicity/underwater superoleophobicity, superior anti-oil-fouling, and efficient charges is acquired through mussel-inspired co-deposition, followed by b-PEI functionalization, N-alkylation, and anionization. Thanks to the superhydrophilicity/underwater superoleophobicity, the as-prepared microfiltration membrane achieves selective separation of oil/water emulsions. Meanwhile, the functional membranes exhibited excellent selective and efficient adsorption capacity for organic dyes and heavy metal ions due to the abundant surface charges. Interestingly, benefiting from superhydrophilicity and considerable surface charges, the as-designed microfiltration membrane can realize selective and efficient simultaneous adsorption and separation of wastewaters with complicated components, including oil/water emulsions, organic dyes, and heavy metal ions by the concept of “achieving three things at one stroke”. Such a versatile and feasible strategy could pave a new path for constructing multifunctional membranes for complex wastewater treatment and purification.

Hydrophobic modified melamine sponge for highly effective remediation of crude oil in water and soil

Crude oil pollution in water and soil has resulted in considerable environmental damage. The utilization of hydrophobic and oleophilic sponge materials for the treatment of crude oil pollution has garnered significant interest, owing to their excellent selective adsorption performance. In this paper, superhydrophobic and superoleophilic sponges (SMF) are prepared by a simple silane hydrolysis-thermal curing method, which is low-cost, environmentally friendly, large-scale preparation, acid and alkali-resistant, and mechanically stable. They can be used for the remediation of oil pollutants in water and soil simultaneously, and show high efficiency, excellent stability, and biosafety. Under appropriate circumstances, SMF is capable of adsorbing up to 82.7 g/g of crude oil in water and eliminating over 70.0 % of crude oil in soil, while exhibiting exceptional recycling performance. Notably, this study introduces a novel technique that alters soil viscosity by controlling soil water content, in conjunction with SMF, for the removal of crude oil in soil. Consequently, SMF shows great promise for practical application in the remediation of oil pollutants in both water and soil.

Ultra-high adsorption capacity and selectivity of photo-enhanced sulfur-rich M2S3 (M[dbnd]Bi and Sb) for gold recovery from electronic wastewater

Recycling gold efficiently from electronic waste (e-waste) not only facilitates the sustainable use of precious resources, but also mitigates environmental risks. In this work, two simple metal sulfides M2S3 (MBi and Sb) microspheres with extraordinary adsorption properties were prepared by a convenient hydrothermal technique for selectively recovering gold from e-waste water. The assistance of visible light significantly improved the gold adsorption performance of M2S3. Two sulfide materials exhibit excellent gold adsorption properties, and the maximum capacity for adsorption reaches 3615.45 mg g−1 for Bi2S3, and 1651.95 mg g−1 for Sb2S3 under optimal conditions and incandescent light irradiation. Gold adsorption on M2S3 materials follows Langmuir and pseudo-second order kinetic models, suggesting that the Au(III) adsorption is dominated by chemisorption in a monolayer adsorption mode. XRD and XPS analysis indicate that the strong sulfur affinity for gold and the photocatalytic reduction-oxidation reaction between Bi2S3 and gold are the main mechanisms for effective gold adsorption on metal sulfides. In addition, M2S3 exhibits excellent gold adsorption selectivity against coexisting ions including Zn(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Fe(III), Ni(II), Mg(II), Ca(II), Al(III) present in actual electronic wastewater. The gold loaded on Bi2S3 was efficiently eluted using acidic thiourea, and the excellent adsorption performance was maintained over five adsorption/desorption cycles. This work presents an effective and simple method for recovering gold(III) from the leachate of discarded electronic devices. Metal sulfides have high adsorption selectivity, ultra-high adsorption capacity, and excellent recyclability, making them a promising green adsorption material for recovering gold from electronic waste.

Preparation of micro-mesoporous functionalized zeolites by nanosecond pulsed discharge-amino co-modification for efficient Ni(II) ions removal

The severe adverse impacts of toxic metal ions on ecosystems and human health call for the urgent development of an efficient adsorbent. In this study, a novel micro-mesoporous zeolite material was prepared by nanosecond pulsed discharge-amino co-modification method to selectively adsorb Ni(II) ions. The prepared micro-mesoporous adsorbent exhibited a large specific surface area (1042 m2 g−1) and were rich in -NH2 and -COOH that can produce surface complexation and electrostatic adsorption with Ni(II) ions. The optimal experimental parameters were obtained at 8 min of discharge time, 16 kV of pulse peak voltage, 1 kHz of pulse repetition frequency, and pH = 7. The Ni(II) ions removal efficiency of nanosecond pulsed discharge-amino co-modified MCM-41 reached 98% within 20 min, an increase of 54% and 26% compared to the raw and solo amino modification, respectively. The adsorption processes of Ni(II) ions were well fitted by pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models, indicating that the adsorption involves monolayer chemisorption. Despite the presence of other coexisting ions, the prepared zeolites retained their excellent adsorption selectivity for Ni(II) ions. This co-modification method overcomes the drawback of mesopores blockage and further implants micropores in adsorbents, providing a novel idea and broad prospect for adsorbent modification and removal of Ni(II) ions.

Hierarchical Porous Amidoximated Metal-Organic Framework for Highly Efficient Uranium Extraction.

With the rapid development of industry and technology, high-efficiency extraction of uranium from seawater is a research hotspot from the aspect of nuclear energy development. Herein, a new amidoximated metal-organic framework (UiO-66-DAMN-AO) constructed through a novel organic ligand of 2-diaminomaleonitrile-terephthalic acid (BDC-DAMN) is designed via one-step post-synthetic methods (PSM), which possess the merit of abundant multiaffinity sites, large specific surface area, and unique porous structure for efficient uranium extraction. Adopting one-step PSM can alleviate the destruction of structural stability and the reduction of the conversion rate of amidoxime groups. Meanwhile, introducing the BDC-DAMN ligand with abundant multiaffinity sites endow UiO-66-DAMN-AO with excellent adsorption ability (Qm=426.3mgg-1) and selectivity. Interestingly, the UiO-66-DAMN-AO has both micropores and mesopores, which may be attributed to the partial etching of UiO-66-DAMN-AO during the amidoximation. The presence of mesopores improves the mass transfer rate of UiO-66-DAMN-AO and provides more exposed active sites, favoring the adsorption of uranium on UiO-66-DAMN-AO. Thus, this study provides a feasible strategy for modifying metal-organic framework (MOFs) with plentiful amidoxime groups and the promising prospect for MOF-based materials to adsorb uranium from ocean.

Preparation of Iron-improved Blue Algae Biochar and Its Co-adsorption Mechanism for Phosphorus in Surface Water

To alleviate the problems of eutrophication and blue algae accumulation in water, biochar was prepared from blue algae dehydrated using polymerized ferrous sulfate(PFS) to absorb phosphate in water, and the biochar was activated using steam to adjust the pore structure. The preparation conditions of blue algae biochar were optimized using the response surface method. The optimal results were as follows:the dosage of PFS was 458 mg·L-1, the carbonization temperature was 433℃, and the mass ratio of biochar precursor to steam was 1:11. Biochar without PFS(F0H11-433) and biochar with PFS(F458H11-433) were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), zeta potential, and Raman spectra(Raman) were used to study whether blue algae biochar and PFS had a synergic effect on phosphate removal. The results showed that:compared with F0H11-433, iron oxide appeared on the surface, the zero point of charge(pHpzc) increased from 4.41 to 6.19, and the disorder and defect degree of biochar was increased in F458H11-433. The pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir model were suitable for describing the adsorption process of F458H11-433, and the saturated adsorption capacity was 31.97 mg·g-1. F458H11-433 had excellent phosphorus removal efficiency in actual lake water, and the residual phosphate content of effluent was less than 0.025 mg·L-1. In the presence of several common anions, it still showed excellent selective adsorption. After five cycles, the phosphate removal of F458H11-433 still reached 75.78%, indicating that F458H11-433 had the characteristic of being renewable. Combined with the material characterization results before and after adsorption, the phosphorus removal mechanism of F458H11-433 mainly involved electrostatic attraction and ligand exchange.

Facile preparation of tetraphenylethylene-based porous polymer with dual role of adsorption and detection for trinitrotoluene

A novel porous polymer, denoted as tetraphenylethene-based porous polymer (PTPEK), was synthesized via a catalyst-free C–O coupling reaction. The unique combination of dipole-π interactions and π-π interactions within PTPEK facilitated exceptional adsorption property towards trinitrotoluene (TNT). Furthermore, the incorporation of tetraphenylethene groups, which exhibit aggregation-induced emission (AIE) activity, endowed PTPEK with remarkable TNT detection capability. Simultaneously, PTPEK showed excellent selective adsorption capability and outstanding selective fluorescence detection performance for TNT. At room temperature (298 K), PTPEK demonstrated a maximum TNT adsorption capacity of 209.2 mg g−1, reaching 65 % of its adsorption equilibrium within just 1 h. Additionally, PTPEK exhibited a rapid quenching time of 125 s for TNT, with a low detection limit of 4.56 × 10−6 mol/L. Notably, PTPEK also displayed excellent recyclability characteristics.

Construction of double cross‐linked networks in calcium alginate/poly‐N‐isopropylacrylamide hydrogel with photothermal responsiveness for absorbing heavy metal ions

AbstractHydrogels have been widely used for adsorbing heavy metal ions in wastewater treatment. Herein, a calcium alginate/poly‐N‐isopropylacrylamide double‐network hydrogel with photothermal responsiveness was prepared for adsorbing heavy metal ions in aqueous solution. The chemical composition, micromorphology, swelling properties, photothermal responsiveness, adsorption properties, and adsorption mechanism of gel microspheres were studied, respectively. The gel microspheres had an interpenetrating three‐dimensional porous structure, and their high porosity morphology and high specific surface area could ensure the adequate exposure of active adsorption sites. The gel microspheres showed excellent selective adsorption of Cr(III), and the theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of 146.16 mg/g was calculated according to the Langmuir model. Besides, its excellent photothermal conversion ability enhanced the resistance to external interference after the adsorption. Our work has provided an innovative approach to solar water purification while optimizing the preparation process.

Preparation and characterization of lithium-ion sieve with attapulgite

Extracting lithium from liquid lithium resources has emerged as a research hotspot. Attapulgite (ATP), a layered materials with unique pore structure, exhibits certain ion exchange properties, and is a suitable candidate for preparing lithium-ion sieves. In this study, high value lithium-ion sieve was prepared by high temperature synthesis method using inexpensive ATP. The prepared lithium-ion sieve H-ATP-3 calcined at 400 °C was achieved optimal adsorption efficiency, which was consistent with Langmuir and pseudo-second-order model and the maximum adsorption capacity reached 29.18 mg·g−1. After 5 cycles, the adsorption capacity only decreased to 26.46 mg·g−1, still reaching 90.68 %. In the simulated Mg2+ and Li+ ion solution, the adsorption capacity was 5.689 mg·g−1 and 28.66 mg·g−1, respectively. H-ATP-3 possessed excellent selective adsorption, stability and recycling properties. During adsorption, Li+ reacted with H-ATP-3, which formed Li4SiO4, Li2SiO3 and LiAlSi2O6, forming the Li+ memory pore. After Li+ adsorption, the specific surface area decreased from 185.50 to 15.14 m2/g, indicating Li+ entered ion sieve and filled the pore. Moreover, the -OH and interlayer water in H-ATP-3 exchanged with Li+. The synthesis method is relatively simple, and has high selectivity, effectively recovering Li+ and expanding the market application prospect of attapulgite resources.

Separation and recovery of indium in hazardous liquid crystal display treatment by a novel silica adsorbent: Study on adsorption mechanism and process design

The treatment of hazardous LCD is a complicated coupled process, which contains a large number of impurity metals, especially Fe(III), increased the difficulty of In(III) recovery. Moreover, the defects of the traditional extraction process, such as extractant ageing quickly, difficulty to back-extraction, and easy emulsification, seriously restricted the efficient and environmentally friendly recovery of In. Therefore, a novel adsorbent (D2EHPA/SiO2–P) was synthesized for the separation and recovery of In(III), and a new recovery process was developed to eliminate the defects of traditional In recovery process in this study. D2EHPA/SiO2–P exhibited excellent adsorption selectivity and kinetics for In(III), and the adsorption equilibrium was obtained within 3 min. The adsorption process of In(III) conformed to the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir model. In(III) on D2EHPA/SiO2–P was desorbed by 3 M HCl solution, and D2EHPA/SiO2–P still had high adsorption and desorption efficiency for In(III) after 5 times of adsorption-desorption cycle experiments. The adsorption mechanism study found that the O–H bond on the D2EHPA participated in the substitution reaction and bonded with In(III) as the adsorption site during the adsorption process. The bond order value of In–O bond was the lowest in the D2EHPA adsorbed In(III) during the desorption process, indicating that In–O bond was easy to break and desorption form D2EHPA. Finally, in the 0.1M H2SO4 system, a new process of using H2C2O4 to reduce Fe(III) in advance, and then using D2EHPA/SiO2–P to adsorb In(III) was designed to recover In(III) without producing toxic gas, which realized the separation of In(III) and Fe(III). Our findings showed that the developed recovery process was both efficient and environmentally friendly, which had the potential for industrial application of In recovery from hazardous LCD.

Reusable, Stable, Efficient and Multifunctional Superhydrophobic and Oleophilic Polyurethane Sponge for Oil-Water Separation Prepared Using Discarded Composite Insulator.

Oil spills and chemical leakages are a serious source of pollution in oceans and rivers, and have attracted worldwide attention. Many scientists are currently engaged in the development of oil-water separation technology. In this study, the umbrella skirt of a discarded silicone rubber insulator was utilized as feedstock, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was employed to immobilize the prepared powder (FXBW) onto a polyurethane (PU) sponge skeleton. Without any modifications using chemical reagents, a novel oil-water separation material, FXBW-PU, was developed, with a water contact angle of 155.3°. The FXBW-PU sponge exhibited an absorption capacity ranging from 11.79 to 26.59 g/g for various oils and organic solvents, while maintaining an excellent selective adsorption performance, even after undergoing ten compression cycles, due to its exceptional chemical and mechanical stability. With the assistance of a vacuum pump, the FXBW-PU sponge was utilized in a continuous separation apparatus, resulting in a separation efficiency exceeding 98.6% for various oils and organic solvents. The separation efficiency of n-hexane remains as high as 99.2% even after 10 consecutive separation cycles. Notably, the FXBW-PU sponge also separated the dichloromethane-in-water emulsions, which achieved the effect of purifying water. In summary, FXBW-PU sponge has great potential in the field of cleaning up oil/organic solvent contamination due to its low preparation cost, environmental friendliness and excellent performance.

Mof-based basswood nanocomposite membrane of PDDA framework for ultrafast recognition and separation of ribavirin

The application system for membrane separation technology has been enlarged thanks to research and development into new technologies, however membrane separation still confronts many difficulties. This study uses vacuum self-assembly technology for the first time to combine in-situ grown metal–organic framework (MOF) basswood with poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (PDDA) ring framework to adsorb and separate ribavirin (RBV). The resulting imprinted film exhibits excellent adsorption capacity (49.2 mg g−1) and selectivity (better than 4.6) thanks to the numerous accessible imprinting sites provided by MOF that had previously been grown in situ on basswood and the synergistic effect of the PDDA ring framework. Dynamic permeation was utilized in this study to assess the membrane's stability, and the findings revealed that it consistently has a high separation factor (superior to 9) under specific pressure and time conditions. Furthermore, the synthesis process of MOF/layered PDDA framework-basswood membranes (MLFBMs) is facile and has little environmental impact. Last but not least, the aforementioned experimental findings and synthetic procedure demonstrate that the domains of selective separation, chemical engineering, and environmental protection can greatly benefit from the use of our MLFBMs synthesis technique.