Event-triggered State Feedback Research Articles

Design of an Event-Triggered State Feedback Control for Fractional-Order Interconnected Systems

Design of an Event-Triggered State Feedback Control for Fractional-Order Interconnected Systems

Observer-based dynamic event-triggered control for distributed parameter systems over mobile sensor-plus-actuator networks

Abstract The objective of this paper is to develop a policy of observer-based dynamic event-triggered state feedback control for distributed parameter systems over a mobile sensor-plus-actuator network. It is assumed that the mobile sensing devices that provide spatially averaged state measurements can be used to improve state estimation in the network. For the purpose of decreasing the update frequency of controller and unnecessary sampled data transmission, an efficient dynamic event-triggered control policy is constructed. In an event-triggered system, when an error signal exceeding a specified time-varying threshold it indicates the occurrence of a typical event. The global asymptotic stability of the event-triggered closed-loop system and the boundedness of the minimum inter-event time can be guaranteed. Based on the linear quadratic optimal regulator, the actuator selects the optimal displacement only when an event occurs. A simulation example is finally used to verify the effectiveness of such a control strategy can enhance the system performance.

An analytical approach to finite time H∞ event-triggered state feedback control of fractional order systems with delay

This paper investigates finite time H∞ event-triggered state feedback control problem of fractional-order systems with delay. Based on Laplace trasform and “inf-sup” norm, a delay-dependent sufficient condition for designing H∞ event-triggered control is established in terms of the Mittag-Leffler function and Linear matrix inequalities. A numerical example is given to show the effectiveness of the obtained result.

Event-triggered control for [formula omitted]-normal switched stochastic nonlinear systems with asymmetric output constraints

This article focuses on the event-triggered control design for a class of p-normal switched stochastic nonlinear systems(SNS) with asymmetric output constraints. Firstly, in order to handle the pre-specified output constraints, a modified asymmetric tan-type common barrier Lyapunov function(CBLF) is put forward through the idea of piece-wise function. Combining the proposed CBLF with adding a power integrator technique, an event-triggered state-feedback controller is designed to ensure the switched SNS states asymptotically converge to zero in probability. Simultaneously, it is proved that the output will be constrained in the pre-specified bound and Zeno-behavior will not happen. Finally, a simulation of two-tank liquid-level system is given to indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Energy function-based and norm-free event-triggering for scheduling control data transmissions

ABSTRACT This paper studies the problem of scheduling control data transmissions from embedded processors to physical systems. For this problem, we propose novel state feedback and output feedback control architectures that are predicated on energy function-based and norm-free event-triggering conditions, where the embedded processor broadcasts a sampled data of its control signal value through a zero-order-hold operator to the physical system when the left side of the event-triggering condition equals to its right side. In this context, the energy function-based feature means that the right sides of the proposed event-triggering conditions involve an energy function as well as its time-derivative to make the selection of these right sides user-adjustable. Furthermore, the norm-free feature means that the left sides of the proposed event-triggering conditions do not depend on signal norms to allow for better control data transmission reduction. System-theoretical analyses of our event-triggered state feedback and output feedback control architectures are shown using the same energy functions and their time-derivatives used in the proposed event-triggering conditions, where illustrative numerical examples are also presented to demonstrate the efficacy of our contributions. To the best of our knowledge, the results given in this paper explore how event-triggering conditions are linked not only to energy functions but also to their time-derivatives for the first time.

A Decentralized Event-Triggered State-Feedback Control Technique for Continuous-Time Linear Systems

In this article, a decentralized event-triggered technique is developed to effectively implement the state-feedback controllers for a class of linear systems. Toward this end, the system dynamics is represented in its Jordan canonical form, and the system states are sorted based on their time constants. Then, for any Jordan block, an event-triggered mechanism is designed to determine the execution times for sampling and sending its corresponding state variable(s) to the controller. In this way, each Jordan block has a mechanism to decide whether or not its data should be transmitted to the controller. Using the proposed technique, event-triggered policies can be designed such that the fast dynamics are sampled with short interevent intervals, while the slower dynamics are simultaneously permitted to send their data with relatively long interevent intervals. The proposed technique decreases both the number and the size of transmitted packets. The boundedness of the closed-loop system is guaranteed under the suggested event-triggered technique. Moreover, it is proved that the Zeno behavior is avoided. In comparison with ordinary event-triggered methods, the proposed decentralized event-triggered technique leads to better performance due to its extra degrees of freedom in sending the data from the system to the controller. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the promising features of the suggested event-triggered controller.

Neural network-based adaptive event-triggered control for cyber–physical systems under resource constraints and hybrid cyberattacks

In this paper, the neural network (NN)-based adaptive event-triggered control (AETC) strategy is developed for cyber–physical systems (CPSs) under resource constraints and hybrid cyberattacks. First, by considering the nonperiodic denial-of-service (DoS) attacks that only constrain their frequency and duration and removing the strict assumption on the malicious information injected by deception attacks in existing literature, an unexplored hybrid cyberattack model is proposed. Second, a novel NN-based adaptive event-triggered state-feedback controller is designed, which not only flexibly solves the resource constraints of CPSs while considering the adverse effects of DoS attacks, but also adopts an on-line weight-adjusted NN to approximate and mitigate the malicious information injected by deception attacks. Then, the switched delay system model is established for the closed-loop control system with the designed novel controller. By carefully constructing a switched Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional and using the switched delay system theory and NN technology, the explicit form of the designed novel controller is obtained, which can ensure that the closed-loop control system is exponentially asymptotically stable (EAS). Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

Event-Triggered State-Feedback and Dynamic Output-Feedback Control of PMJSs With Intermittent Faults

This article proposes the event-triggered state-feedback and dynamic output-feedback control of positive Markovian jump systems with intermittent actuator and sensor faults. An independent Markovian process is used to establish the mathematical model of the intermittent fault. An event-triggering condition based on 1-norm is proposed to implement the event- triggered scheme. An event-triggered state-feedback controller is designed using stochastic copositive Lyapunov functions. By virtue of a matrix decomposition approach, an event-triggered dynamic output-feedback controller is proposed for the systems. Under the designed controllers, the augmented system consisting of the original system and the controller system is positive and stochastic <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _1$</tex-math></inline-formula> stable. Finally, one example is provided to verify the validity of the proposed design.

Fully Distributed Adaptive Event-Triggered Control of Networked Systems With Actuator Bias Faults

In this article, the problem of distributed synchronization of networked systems with actuator bias faults is investigated. To effectively use the limited network bandwidth and avoid the requirement of global information, a novel adaptive event-triggered state feedback controller and a dynamic triggering law are designed jointly by employing a projection operator approach. The proposed synchronization scheme is different from existing ones that have focused on designing controllers and triggering laws independently. Besides, our scheme is extended to design an observer-based distributed adaptive event-triggered controller and corresponding dynamic triggering law when the system states are unmeasurable. Theoretical analysis shows that under the two different distributed event-triggered synchronization schemes, the following three results can be obtained: 1) fully distributed synchronization can be achieved without knowing global information associated with the underlying communication topology and node's scale; 2) continuous communication among adjacent nodes can be avoided for both designed controllers and dynamic triggering laws; and 3) exclusion of Zeno phenomenon is shown by contradiction. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is verified through three numerical examples.

Event-triggered control for switched singular systems with asynchronous switching and state jumps

This work discusses the event-triggered control (ETC) issue for switched singular systems (SSS) with asynchronous switching and state jumps. Firstly, a modified consistency projector is presented to describe the transient state jumps at switching moments, which shows that the state jumps are caused by switching law and algebraic constraint. Then, a discontinuous multiple Lyapunov function is presented under the event-triggered state feedback control, and several sufficient conditions are derived to ensure that the closed-loop systems are regular, impluse-free and globally uniformly exponentially stable (GUES). Then, a Luenberger-like observer is constructed to estimate continuous and jumping states, some new sufficient conditions in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) are obtained by using matrix decoupling techniques under the observer-based ETC. Furthermore, a lower bound for the event-triggered time interval to exclude the Zeno phenomenon is given. Finally, two examples and an application are presented to demonstrate the validity of the results.

New Criterias of Synchronization for Discrete-Time Recurrent Neural Networks with Time-Varying Delay via Event-Triggered Control

This paper mainly researches the synchronization issue of discrete-time recurrent neural networks (DTRNNs) with time-varying delay based on event-triggered control (ETC). ETC can effectively decrease the quantity of controller updates performed and the utilization of communication resources. By using Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF), Schur complement lemma, discrete time free weight matrix method, linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and other analytical methods, the stability conditions of the error system are deduced. Accordingly, a class of event-triggered state feedback controllers is designed. Finally, through two numerical examples with simulations, the effectiveness of the controller is verified.

H ∞ state-feedback control for saturated 2-D Roesser systems: the event-triggered case

This work discusses the state-feedback control issue for a class of state saturated two-dimensional (2-D) Roesser systems under the event-triggered mechanism. Here, the state saturation is considered to cater the practical situation. First, an event-triggered strategy is exploited to make use of resources rationally in the communication network with finite capacity. Based on the Lyapunov method, the sufficient criterion is presented to achieve the desired performance of the corresponding closed-loop saturated 2-D system and the existence of event-triggered state-feedback (ET-SF) controller is ensured. Particularly, a positive scalar is introduced to cope with the state saturation term. With the aid of sufficient criterion and cone complementary linearisation (CCL) algorithm, the design problem of ET-SF controller can further be transformed into seeking the feasible solution to linear matrix inequalities. Eventually, a simulation example is implemented to reveal the usefulness of the presented control scheme.

Formula omitted] control of event-triggered quasi-LPV systems based on an exact discretization approach — A linear matrix inequality approach

This paper presents an H∞ event-triggered state-feedback controller design for continuous-time nonlinear systems via convex optimization techniques. The proposal is based on an exact discretization and its quasi-linear parameter varying representation. Thus, two sets of design conditions in terms of linear matrix inequalities by means of both parameter-dependent and quadratic Lyapunov functions are proposed. The proposed conditions also provide an estimate to system’s domain of attraction and an extra set of conditions is presented for a guaranteed minimum time between events. Well-known examples are employed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposal.

Distributed Event-Triggered Output Synchronization of Complex-Valued Memristive Reaction-Diffusion Complex Networks with Spatial Sampled-Data

This study addresses the problem of output quasisynchronization for coupled complex-valued memristive reaction-diffusion complex networks via the distributed event-triggered control scheme. First, by using the separate method, set value mapping, and intermediate value theorem, the complex-valued memristive reaction-diffusion complex networks can be transferred into two semi-uncertain real-valued reaction-diffusion complex networks. Second, a distributed output piecewise event-triggered control (OPETC) scheme with spatial sampled-data is first proposed including a spatial sampling event-triggered generator and spatiotemporal sampling state feedback controller. Furthermore, this scheme can effectively save the measurement resources and lower the update rate of controllers in spatial and time domain. Third, the synchronization analysis is considered by utilizing an appropriate Lyapunov function, the Halanay inequality, and the improved Wirtinger inequality. Subsequently, several output event-triggered quasisynchronization criteria are derived. The relations among event trigger conditions, spatial sampling interval, convergence rate, and control gain are given by rigorous mathematical derivation. Finally, multiple simulations are compared to substantiate the validation of the OPETC scheme.

Synchronization of memristive neural networks with unknown parameters via event-triggered adaptive control

This paper considers the drive-response synchronization of memristive neural networks (MNNs) with unknown parameters, where the unbounded discrete and bounded distributed time-varying delays are involved. Aiming at the unknown parameters of MNNs, the updating law of weight in response system and the gain of adaptive controller are proposed to realize the synchronization of delayed MNNs. In view of the limited communication and bandwidth, the event-triggered mechanism is introduced to adaptive control, which not only decreases the times of controller update and the amount of data sending out but also enables synchronization when parameters of MNNs are unknown. In addition, a relative threshold strategy, which is relative to fixed threshold strategy, is proposed to increase the inter-execution intervals and to improve the control effect. When the parameters of MNNs are known, the algebraic criteria of synchronization are established via event-triggered state feedback control by exploiting inequality techniques and calculus theorems. Finally, one simulation is presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed results.

Event-triggered state feedback control for p-normal uncertain nonlinear systems

The problem of event-triggered control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems subject to p-norm is investigated in this paper. Note that the input-to-state stability (ISS) assumption related to the measurement error and the assumption on the existence of a stable controller are removed in this paper. With the help of adding a power integrator technique, intermediately control signals are presented to address the uncertainties and nonlinearities of the system under a fixed/relative threshold strategy, which plays an important role in the design of the event-triggered controllers. A rigorous Lyapunov stability analysis method is put forward to verify that all the signals of the closed-loop system are globally uniformly bounded and converge to an arbitrarily small set. Finally, an application of an underactuated mechanical system demonstrates the effectiveness of the designed scheme.

Optimal actuator switching synthesis of observer-based event-triggered state feedback control for distributed parameter systems

The study aims to explore the optimal actuator switching scheme of observer-based event-triggered state feedback control for distributed parameter systems. The performance of distributed parameter systems is improved through the observer-based event-triggered control, in which the state feedback is updated only when a triggered event happens. In such an event-triggered mechanism, the event-based closed-loop system and minimum time interval between consecutive events are bounded. Based on finite horizon linear quadratic regulator (LQR) optimal control, the optimal switching algorithm is proposed based on the event-triggered mechanism during an unfixed time interval. Finally, the proposed scheme is verified through a simulation case.

Event-triggered control design for networked evolutionary games with time invariant delay in strategies

This paper investigates the dynamics and control problem for a class of networked evolutionary games with time invariant delay (DNEGs) in strategies by using a semi-tensor product based method. A number of new results are presented. First, algebraic forms are constructed for DNEGs. Second, based on the algebraic formulations, necessary and sufficient conditions for the global convergence of desired strategy profile are presented under a state feedback event-triggered controller. Furthermore, the constructive procedure and the number of all valid event-triggered state feedback controllers are derived, which can make the game converge globally. Finally, an illustrative example is given to show the effectiveness of the obtained results.

Fuzzy event-triggered disturbance rejection control of nonlinear systems

&lt;p style='text-indent:20px;'&gt;The problem of fuzzy based event-triggered disturbance rejection control for nonlinear systems is addressed in this paper. A new fuzzy event based anti rejection controller is designed and a fuzzy reduced disturbance observer is constructed. Sufficient conditions for the closed loop system to be asymptotically stable under an &lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math id="M1"&gt;\begin{document}$ H_\infty $\end{document}&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; performance index are derived. Based on these conditions, the design of a fuzzy event-triggered state feedback controller is formulated and solved. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of our theoretical findings.&lt;/p&gt;

Event-triggered finite-time H ∞ control of networked state-saturated switched systems

ABSTRACT This paper is concerned with the event-based finite-time control problem for a class of networked state-saturated switched systems subject to time delays, nonlinear perturbations and exogenous disturbances. The event-triggered transmission protocol is introduced to schedule the data transmission and so the communication network burdens can be mitigated. The state saturation restraints can be removed by means of transforming the original model into a new polyhedron system via a convex hull description approach. By considering two coupling cases between the mode switching signal and the event triggering signal, the sufficient finite-time performance analysis criterion is provided based on average dwell time (ADT) analysis technique. Then, an event-triggered state-feedback controller is designed to ensure that the closed-loop system is finite-time bounded and satisfies the specified disturbance attenuation performance. The desired controller can be obtained by solving a set of convex optimisation problems. Finally, a numerical example shows the usefulness of the theoretical results.