Evaluation Of Water Quality Index Research Articles

Effects of seasonal variation on the water quality of the Kadalundi river, India: evaluation of water quality indices, physicochemical and biological parameters

ABSTRACT The quality of the water depends on a variety of factors as it can contain both natural and manmade impurities. In this work, the water quality of the Kadalundi river, Kerala, India has been assessed with a special focus on the impact of seasonal variations . The quality of water for the entire year was analysed thoroughly collecting sixty water samples. The physicochemical parameters, such as turbidity, pH, total dissolved solids, total hardness, chlorides, iron, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand, as well as bacteriological parameters (total coliforms and Escherichia coli), were evaluated as per the Indian standard methods, IS 3025. Each parameter was compared with the standard desirable limit prescribed by the Bureau of Indian Standards. The results were further examined with the weighted arithmetic water quality index and the Nemerow’s pollution index (NPI) methods. The study reveals that the overall water quality is very poor and hence proper treatment before use is recommended. According to the NPI, turbidity and iron are the most contributing parameters to the pollution of the river.

Evaluation of Water Quality Indices in Kowndinya Watershed

Evaluation of Water Quality Indices in Kowndinya Watershed

Enhancing river health monitoring: Developing a reliable predictive model and mitigation plan

The escalating environmental harm inflicted upon rivers is an unavoidable outcome resulting from climate fluctuations and anthropogenic activities, leading to a catastrophic impact on water quality and thousands of individuals succumb to waterborne diseases. Consequently, the water quality monitoring stations have been established worldwide. Regrettably, the real-time evaluation of Water Quality Index (WQI) is hindered by the intricate nature of off-site water quality parameters. Thus, there is a pressing need to create a precise and robust water quality prediction model. The dynamic and non-linear characteristics of water quality parameters pose significant challenges for conventional machine learning algorithms like multi-linear regression, as they struggle to capture these complexities. In this particular investigation, machine learning model called Feedforward Artificial Neural Networks (FANNs) was employed to develop WQI prediction model of Batu Pahat River, Malaysia exclusively utilizing on-site parameters. The proposed method involves a consideration of whether to include or exclude parameters such as BOD and COD, which are not measured in real time and can be costly to monitor as model inputs. Validation accuracy values of 99.53%, 97.99%, and 91.03% were achieved in three different scenarios: the first scenario utilized the full input, the second scenario excluded BOD, and the third scenario excluded both BOD and COD. It was suggested that the model has better predictive power between input variables and output variables. Factor contributed to river pollution has been identified and mitigation plan for Batu Pahat river pollution has been proposed. This could provide an effective alternative to compute the pollution, better manage water resources and mitigate negative impacts of climate change of river ecosystems.

Assessment of water quality of the Bhima River for drinking purpose by water quality index

The objective of this study is to determine various water characteristics of the Bhima River and its suitability for drinking, followed by a water quality index evaluation. For continuous monitoring, samples were taken at eight locations between October 2020 and September 2021. The physicochemical parameters, such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), total alkalinity (TA), total hardness (TH), chloride (Cl-), sulphate (SO42-), phosphate (PO43-), and nitrate (NO3-) were measured. The measured values of these parameters were compared with Indian standards. Due to anthropogenic activities, values of parameters EC, TH, and TA at all the stations exceeded their BIS limits (The Bureau of Indian Standards). It was found that the river's total water quality index ranged from 45.23 to 75.43, indicating that the water quality varies from good to very poor. Correlation reveals that EC and TDS show remarkable similarities and a strong correlation was existed between total hardness and total alkalinity indicating anthropogenic activities. Therefore, it is important to assess physiochemical concentration of the river water before using it for drinking.

Evaluation of Water Quality Index (WQI) in and around Dhaka City Using Groundwater Quality Parameters

Groundwater quality deterioration due to anthropogenic natural activities and its immense utilization in various sectors is considered a great concern. The aim of this study is to determine the groundwater quality parameters at various sources in and around Dhaka city and compare them with Bangladesh drinking water standards. In this study, six groundwater quality parameters (pH, DO, COD, TS, TDS, and arsenic) and ten groundwater samples are analyzed to determine the water quality. The collected samples have maximum and minimum pH values of 6.9 and 6.4, respectively. Maximum and minimum DO values are 0.3 and 0.1 mg/L, respectively. The arsenic concentration is 0 mg/L for all collected groundwater samples. The maximum and minimum COD values are 0.3 and 0.1 mg/L, respectively. The maximum and minimum TS values are 4 and 1 mg/L, respectively. The obtained values are then compared with the Bangladesh drinking water quality standards. Finally, the water quality index (WQI) values are calculated to determine the suitable uses of groundwater in and around Dhaka city. Based on WQI values, the groundwater quality is excellent in the study area.

Evaluation of water quality index and geochemical characteristics of surfacewater from Tawang India

In this study,the water samples were collected from 31 sites of Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh, India (North-Eastern Himalaya), during the winter season to check the suitability of water for drinking and irrigation purposes.The study scientifically demonstrates the estimation of Water quality index (WQI) andhydrogeochemical characteristics of surface water samples by utilizing multivariate statistical methods. The main water quality parameters considered for this study were TDS, conductivity, salinity, pH, hardness, cations and anions. WQI was calculated in order to find out the deviation in the water quality parameters particularly with respect to BIS permissible limits.The major influencing factors responsible for the variation in these parameters were derived by using Principal component analysis (PCA) and Correlation matrix.To check the suitability of water for drinking purpose, hydrogeochemical facies and rock water interaction was derived by using well established methods such as Piper Plot (determine water type), WQI (Quality monitoring), and saturation index (for mineral dissolution). The results revealed that the silicate weathering was the main ionic source in comparison to carbonate weathering which is due to the higher dissolution capacity of silicate minerals.The results of the scattered plot between (Ca2+ + Mg2+)–(HCO3ˉ + SO42ˉ) versus (Na+ + K+)–Clˉ (meq/L) highlighted thation exchange occurs between Mg2+ and Ca2+ofsurface water with Na+ and K+of rock /soil. This means that calcium ion was getting adsorbed, and sodium ion was getting released. The Ca2+–Mg2+–HCO3ˉ, Na+–HCO3ˉand Na+–Clˉ type of surface water suggested permanent and temporary hardness respectively in the studied region. The dominant cations of this study were Na+ and Ca2+ while the dominant anions were HCO3ˉ and SO42ˉ. In order to check the suitability of water sources for irrigation, parameters like, Magnesium hazard (MH), Total hardness (TH), Permeability Index (PI), Kelly Index (KI), Sodium adsorption rate (SAR), Sodium percentage (Na%), and Residual sodium carbonate (RSC) were determined. The results showed that 93% of the samples had PI score < 75, which indicates the suitability of the water for irrigation. Also the WQI calculation showed an average WQI value of 82.49, amongst which 61% samples were in the range of 0–50 being considered as good for drinking, while 39% were catageorised as unsuitable for drinking showing a value of > 50. Hence the above findings reveal that geogenic activities play a major role in influencing the water quality of Tawang region. Hence suitable water treatment technologies or methods might be used to eliminate thenon desirable elements and minerals present in surface water.

Selecting Rivers for Management Via Pollution Impact Evaluation of Tributaries of the Geumho River

The water quality of the Geumho River is greatly affected by pollution such as domestic sewage and industrial wastewater from residential and industrial facilities. Therefore, an attempt was made to determine the effects of pollution from these sources by targeting the Geumhogang River basin and selecting tributaries of the Geumhogang River for study. The pollution status and contribution of the Geumho River tributaries were analyzed using concentration, delivery load sharing rate, index analysis via index conversion and summation by water quality parameter, and water quality index evaluation. The rivers chosen to be subject to priority management may differ depending on the evaluation method used, but overall the Dalseocheon and Namcheon stream were shown to have the greatest influence on the water quality of the Geumhogang River although Omokcheon Stream also required water quality management. One plan to properly manage the water quality of the Geumho River should focus on setting priorities for the tributaries. For tributaries with high pollutant concentrations, a method to set and manage different water quality factors for each stream individually should be considered.

Evaluation of water quality index for assessing groundwater appraisal near solid waste dumpsite at Ariyamangalam, Trichy, Tamil Nadu

Environmental implications of dumpsite are ever susceptible to deteriorate the quality of the ecosystem. Sewage intervention and leachate contamination from waste treatment sites are serious threats for groundwater sources in urban and suburban areas in a developing country like India. Thus, the present study aims to analyze the quality of ground water near the Ariyamangalam dumpsite in Trichy district of Tamilnadu. Three random sites were chosen for the sampling of groundwater. The collected samples were analyzed for the vital physico-chemical characteristics such as pH, Electrical conductivity, Alkalinty, Total hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Sulphate, Odor, Turbidity and Total dissolved solids. The findings were compared with standards such as WHO and CPCB. Also, the water quality index (WQI) was evaluated by using the chosen standards. The results of WQI were statistically analyzed using ANOVA. The obtained WHO standard based WQI results of 250.10, 266.42 and 336.99 for the sites 1, 2 and 3 shows the poor water quality. Similarly, the obtained WQI results of 240.20, 256.12 and 324.89 for the sites 1, 2 and 3 are based on the standards of CPCB. These findings infer the significance of choosing the standard parameters for the WQI assessment. The comparison also emphasizes the systematic way of water quality appraisal.

On The Evaluation of Water Quality Index: Case Study of Euphrates River, Iraq

This study is used the water quality index (WQI), which is generated by combining several water quality parameters. This index gives a helpful representation of overall water quality for the public and all intended applications, and it demonstrates that pollution is beneficial in water quality management and decision-making. The Euphrates River was assessed in order to determine the quality of drinking water. The Euphrates River was assessed for drinking water quality using the WQI, which includes ten physicochemical water quality criteria. This was achieved by submitting comprehensive physicochemical analysis of water samples collected from 5 stations in the city of Hit-Iraq during 2020-2021. The ten physicochemical parameters included: pH value, Nitrate (NO3), Sulphate (SO4­), Turbidity, temperature, Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), electric conductivity (EC) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). This was accomplished by submitting a full physicochemical analysis of water samples obtained from 5 sites in Hit, Iraq, between 2020 and 2021. The results of the present study show, the total average WQI was 110,156. The high WQI achieved is caused by the high TDS and magnesium concentration due to the different human activities along the river reach. The Euphrates River quality is classified as 'very poor quality' with a minimum WQI of 97.85 in June and 121.75 in November.

An abnormal phenomenon in entropy weight method in the dynamic evaluation of water quality index

The entropy weighting model (EWM) is widely used for evaluating the water quality index (WQI). Weights are assigned by EWM according to the degree of differentiation of the indicators. The higher the discrimination degree of the pollutant is, the larger its weight is. Through a counterexample, an abnormal phenomenon in EWM during the dynamic evaluation of WQI is revealed. In this counterexample, the water quality condition at three monitoring sites is evaluated based on the permanganate index (CODMn), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), and total phosphorus (TP). The observation data from each sampling point shows a continuous deterioration. However, from the weight parameters generated by EWM, the WQI results of these three monitoring sites continuously improve from 50.74, 50.74, and 55.20 to 63.33, 61.20, and 61.82, respectively. This abnormal phenomenon is discussed. The evaluation results of WQI, in which EWM is used to assign weights, may probably be contrary to the actual change in the pollutants. The abnormal phenomenon is due to the continuous deteriorating process. The discrimination degrees of clean indices become higher, and the discrimination degrees of heavy pollution indices become lower. The main contribution of this study is to reveal the distortion of EWM in the weighting process, which ensures the rationality of the dynamic evaluation of water quality evaluation. To avoid this abnormal phenomenon, the dynamic trend of pollutants should be analyzed or predicted before weighting.

Hydro chemical Assessment of Ground Water in North-Eastern Region of India: A Case Study of Western Suburb of Jorhat Town of Assam, India

In the current study, the quality of ground water (GW) from an area of western part of Jorhat district of Assam (India) was assessed in order to ensure the safety of its use in irrigation and drinking purposes. The physico-chemical parameters of the collected GW samples were evaluated and compared the data with the Indian Standards (IS) for drinking purposes. The investigation was mainly emphasised on the evaluation of Water Quality Index (WQI) and different parameters for the quality measurement of water for drinking and irrigation purposes, respectively. Correlations among the physico-chemical parameters were evaluated through statistical analysis. The physico-chemical parameters revealed that almost all the parameters except iron were within the permissible limit. Arsenic was found to be present in few water samples in both seasons (pre and post monsoon). In both the seasons, the WQI of the majority of collected water samples were observed to be falling under the poor category for drinking. Almost all the collected water samples were found to be fit for irrigation purposes. However, based on sodium percentage (Na %), Kelly’s ratio (KR), and Magnesium ratio (MR), few of the water samples are classified to be doubtful and inappropriate for irrigation.

Evaluation of Water Quality Index Using Physicochemical Characteristics of Ogbor River in Aba, Abia State, Nigeria

The study was carried out to evaluate water quality index (WQI) of Ogbor River, a freshwater system flowing through the commercial city of Aba, Southern Nigeria using selected physicochemical parameters. The levels of the physicochemical parameters were determined using standard analytical procedures in the Laboratory. The values obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using Excel spreadsheet (Version 16).Water Quality index was calculated using mean values of the selected nine parameters and the World Health Organisation standard for drinking water. The result of physicochemical parameters used showed that Dissolved Oxygen (DO) with mean 4.44 ± 0.70 mg/L, and Nitrate (NO3- ) with mean 7.58 ± 6.25 mg/L were below National and International standards. The value of WQI calculated was 83.05. The result revealed that Ogbor River water quality was very poor, so it is unfit for human consumption, and should be treated to avoid water related diseases.&#x0D; Keywords: Characteristics, Evaluation, Ogbor River, Physicochemical, Water Quality Index

Evaluation of water quality index in some artificial aquatic environments in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

Background and Objective: This study aimed at using application of Water Quality Index (WQI) in evaluating the quality status of some artificial aquatic environments (concrete, earthen and plastic fish tanks/pond) in Roone Fish Farm, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria were studied from October 2018 to September 2019. Methodology: Nine water quality parameters were considered and some samples were measured in-situ (Temperature, pH, conductivity (EC), total dissolved solid (TDS), turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO) while biological oxygen demand (BOD), nitrate (NO3) and phosphate (PO4) were analyzed in the laboratory following standard methods. Results: The results obtained were subjected to Minitab version 16 and Tukey’s comparison test was also employed to separate means. The water quality index (WQI) calculation used the mean values of the nine (9) parameters chosen using the standards recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR) for drinking water quality. The water quality indices for concrete fish tank, earthen fish pond and plastic fish tank were 60.24, 73.34 and 70.20 respectively. Though, earthen fish ponds had higher WQI value and would have considered very poor water with regard to WQI calculation. The values of the WQI revealed that all the three artificial aquatic environments (concrete, earthen and plastic pond/tanks) were considered to be poor water quality. Conclusion and Recommendations: It was concluded that WQI is used as a tool for communicating information on the status of quality in different water bodies despite their medium and purpose of use. It was also recommended that the three artificial aquatic environments water should be monitored regularly and may be treated before use to avoid related public health issues.

Evaluation of Water Quality Index of River Musa for Drinking Purpose in Bida, Nigeria

River Musa in Bida, Nigeria is of great importance to the people of the town and its environs. Due to the indiscriminate disposal of domestic and industrial effluents into the river, there is a need to evaluate the river water quality for drinking purpose. The objective of this study was to evaluate some selected physicochemical parameters (Total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, ammonia (NH4), Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium and four heavy metals ( Fe, Pb, Cu and Mn)) of water from River Musa to reveal the detailed water quality of the river for its suitability for drinking purpose. To achieve this objective, the Canadian Council Water Quality index (CCWQI) was applied to the analytical results of the selected parameters to obtain a single value that was used to rank the river at each of the sampling locations. The annualaverage water quality indexes (for both rainy and dry season) at five locations are (40.9, 42, 40, 39.1 and 37.5). The results showed that the water quality of the entire river is poor (39.9) and the river water is not suitable for drinking purposes.

Comparative Study of Conventional Groundwater Quality Results with WQI Technique: A Case Study of Surjani Town, Karachi, Pakistan

Present study is aimed to calculate the water quality index (WQI) of Surjani Town by using weighted arithmetic index method to assess its suitability for drinking purpose. For calculating WQI, 12 parameters (pH, TDS, EC, Hardness, Na, Ca, K, Mg, HCO3, SO4, NO3 and Cl) have been taken into account. Except pH, all physicochemical parameters are exhibiting the maximum prominence in WQI quality rating scale (Qn) which suggests that groundwater is highly polluted. The computed value of water quality index (WQI= 331.62) is also found to be high which is comparable with enormously high concentrations of physicochemical parameters that are violating the WHO admissible limit for drinking purpose. Results revealed that the groundwater is under the influence of anthropogenic activity from nearby Jam Chakro solid waste dumping site. It is concluded that groundwater is highly deteriorated which is immensely inappropriate for drinking purpose according to WQI rating score.

Evaluation of River Chenab water quality with respect to its users, using different classification schemes

Abstract The Chenab River has always offered a cradle for civilizations in Punjab province of Pakistan; however, in recent times, the quality of this river has been gradually degraded due to several point and non-point pollution sources being introduced in its water. The riverine water quality was evaluated to check the suitability of water for drinking, livestock and irrigation purposes. Water samples (n = 54) were collected across the river, over a period of three years (2012–2014) and subjected to physicochemical analysis. Water quality index rating revealed that the water of River Chenab fell under the marginal category for drinking and livestock watering, due to the presence of heavy metals pollution above safe limits. Irrigation suitability parameters, such as the sodium absorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), Na (%), Kelley's ratio (KR), magnesium hazard (MH) and the permeability index (PI) were measured, and most of the samples were within the safe limit. The piper classification of hydro-chemical parameters revealed that the alkaline-earth metals and strong acids exceed the alkali metals and weak acids, respectively. A Wilcox diagram indicated the alkali hazard was low while salinity hazard has an increasing trend. Spatiotemporal distribution of the pollutants highlighted minimal pollution until Qadirabad site (S4) which gradually keeps worsening at the downstream sites. Two factors of water quality deterioration were identified as pollution addition from the point and nonpoint sources, and diversion of the water through canals. It is inevitable to manage water quality of the Chenab River by reducing point sources pollution, through law enforcement.

Review of groundwater potentials and groundwater hydrochemistry of semi-arid Hadejia-Yobe Basin, North-eastern Nigeria

Understanding the hydrochemical and hydrogeological physiognomies of subsurface water in a semi-arid region is important for the effective management of water resources. This paper presents a thorough review of the hydrogeology and hydrochemistry of the Hadejia-Yobe basin. The hydrochemical and hydrogeological configurations as reviewed indicated that the Chad Formation is the prolific aquifer in the basin. Boreholes piercing the Gundumi formation have a depth ranging from 20-85 meters. The hydrochemical composition of groundwater revealed water of excellent quality, as all the studied parameters were found to have concentrations within WHO and Nigeria’s standard for drinking water quality. However, further studies are required for further evaluation of water quality index, heavy metal pollution index, and irrigation water quality. Also, geochemical, and stable isotope analysis is required for understanding the provenance of salinity and hydrogeochemical controls on groundwater in the basin.

Uncertainty analysis of water quality index (WQI) for groundwater quality evaluation: Application of Monte-Carlo method for weight allocation

Abstract Water Quality Index (WQI) have been recently used for evaluating water resources quality. This index is developed to assist the water resources management and their allocation for different purposes. The confidence in WQI evaluation is required for decision making. Developing WQI involves various steps that some of them have associated with the uncertainties. Uncertainties sources such as water quality sampling, measuring variability, operator biases are previously studied, whereas uncertainty associated to allocated weights of quality parameters for calculating WQI are rarely studied and seldomly evaluated. For the first time in WQI evaluations, a framework based on Monte-Carlo method is proposed to assess uncertainties associated with establishment of probabilistic weight values for WQI. Monte-Carlo simulation was used for randomly generating weights based on the posterior probability density functions (PDFs) and investigating the uncertainty throughout the computation of the WQI. Four scenarios of water quality guidelines and the weights that recommended as the functions of proposed standards in these guidelines were evaluated during dry and wet seasons. This paper studies the weight allocation uncertainty of WQI, based on application of WQI in 1189 groundwater samples of Kerman aquifer, Iran. The results showed how can provide valuable information about the confidence of WQI values. Also, the results revealed that the most variation between classes based on the applied scenarios was achieved for “excellent” and “unsuitable” classes for WQI. Therefore, application of this index in practical projects and decision making requires considerable effort for appropriate weighting of quality parameters to have reliable assessment of water resources quality. The findings of the proposed framework can support judgments on water quality conditions.

ASSESSING AQUIFER VULNERABILITY AND CONTAMINANT PLUME AT ARTISANAL REFINING SITES IN PARTS OF OKRIKA AND OGU-BOLO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS, RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

This study aims at the assessment of aquifer vulnerability and contaminants plume where artisan refining of crude is taking place, which is a threat to availability of potable water. The ArcGIS version 10.3, ENVI version 4.7, Surfer 10, SPSS 22 and Microsoft Enterprise were used for the interpretation and the water and soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory using standard methods. A total number of sixteen (16) sampling points were selected using random sampling techniques for the water points and soil samples within Ogu Bolo and Okrika. The Digital Elevation Model was created from the elevation data obtained from SRTM (Short Radar Thematic Mapper) satellite image and contour extracted from the topographic map. The influence of the soil type, slope, flow accumulation, flow direction of the study area was used to delineate the level of contaminant plume. This was generated from the DEM using the ArcGIS 10.3 3-D analyst tool function. A water Quality index rating of 1 was measured in the study area which is an indication that the water is very bad. Also, the physiochemical analysis on soil and water revealed poor water and soil. Water analysis showed high concentration of Fe and Zn which made the water in the area unsuitable for drinking. Also, the soil samples recorded high levels of crude content from 1m, with concentration reducing with depth up to 3m. A general contamination map of Okrika/Ogu-bolo was modelled, indicating the contamination rating of the total land mass of the study area, with 23.59km (5.71%) rated very good, while 85.65km (20.71%) were rated good. Also, 140.37km (33.95%) had only showed moderate level of contamination while 112.56km (27.22%) recorded high level of contamination, with 51.29km (12.40%) of the total land mass having a very bad contamination record.

The Storage and Water Quality Characteristics of Rungiri Quarry Reservoir in Kiambu, Kenya, as a Potential Source of Urban Water

Urbanization has caused limitations on water resources, while climate change has reduced amounts of surface water in some parts of the world. Kikuyu, a suburban area in Kiambu county, Kenya, is facing this challenge. The major challenge in the study is scarcity of potable water, resulting in inadequate water supply to Kikuyu residents. Currently, only 63.6% of the population is being supplied with water by Kikuyu Water Company, the company mandated to supply water to the area. Water demand was 2972 m3/day in 2015 and was projected to be 3834 m3/day by 2025. This has put pressure on the already exploited clean water resources, making it necessary to seek additional sources of domestic water. Storage capacity and water quality of surface water bodies, especially small reservoirs whose water can be used to ease the demand, need to be assessed for supplemental water supply. This study aimed at assessing the suitability of the abandoned quarry reservoir as a source of potable urban water by determining its storage capacity characteristics and water quality status. Volume characteristics were determined using bathymetry survey in January 2019. Water samples were collected in January and August 2019 and analyzed for chemical, physical, and bacteriological quality, as per the American Public Health Association (APHA) standard methods for water and wastewater. Parameters were evaluated based on World Health Organization (WHO) and Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) guidelines for drinking water, and rated based on the drinking water quality index (WQI). The reservoir’s maximum storage capacity was found to be 128,385 m3, the surface area was 17,699 m2, and the maximum depth was 15.11 m. Nineteen of the twenty-five investigated parameters were within the acceptable standards. However, the concentrations of manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), turbidity, total coliforms, and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were above the acceptable limits. Manganese and iron levels increased with depth. The overall WQI of the reservoir was 82.51 and 85.85 in January and August, respectively. Therefore, based on WQI rating, the water scored a good quality rating and could be used for domestic supply upon treatment. The original achievement of this study is establishment of the volume of the water in the quarry as an additional source of water to the nearby community, along with water quality status.