Evaluation Of Research Results Research Articles

Study of Levofloxacin and Cefoperazone-Sulbactam Utilization Cost on Patients with Mild and Moderate Corona Virus Disease-2019

Covid-19 is a highly infectious disease caused by SARS Cov-2. Antibiotics are sometimes given as therapy to patients when there is a secondary bacterial infection. The purpose of this study was to determine the treatment costs associated with using antibiotics Levofloxacin and Cefoperazone Sulbactam for mild to moderate COVID-19 patients at Bhayangkara H.S Samsoeri Mertojoso Hospital in Surabaya. For mild COVID-19 patients who receive levofloxacin antibiotic therapy, the total cost of treatment is IDR. 66,648,632 with a length of stay of 9 days. For patients with moderate degrees of COVID-19, the total cost of treatment is Rp. 81,339,295 with 10 days of hospitalization. For mild COVID-19 patients who receive cefoperazone sulbactam antibiotic therapy, the total cost of treatment is IDR. 81,401,005 with a length of stay of 11 days. For patients with moderate degrees of COVID-19, the total medical costs are Rp. 71,613,107 with 9 days of hospitalization. Based on the evaluation of research results, mild COVID-19 patients can receive levofloxacin antibiotic therapy, while moderate COVID-19 patients can receive cefoperazone sulbactam antibiotic therapy because it is cheaper and results in a shorter length of stay.

The Relevance of Warahan Teaching Material in Developing Character Education Value for the Language Class

This study aims to analyze the relevance and feasibility of Warahan's teaching materials in developing character education values for language classes. This study used a qualitative approach with content analysis methods. The data was taken from the warahan literature, still developing in the Jabung Lampung community, with as many as seven warahan stories. Data were collected through observation and interviews with seven community leaders, traditional leaders, and ten language teachers at secondary schools in Jabung regarding their understanding of warahan oral literature. Data analysis techniques included (1) problem formulation, (2) selection or categorization of data sources, (3) elaboration of data categories based on operational definitions, (4) reliability checking, (5) data analysis, research, reports, and evaluation of research results. From the results of data analysis, it is concluded that written and oral literature is appropriate for use as teaching material in language classes and is relevant to current conditions in developing character education values that the government has set. Of the seven warahan stories analyzed, three main values were found in character education: religious, social, and humanist values (humanity). Of the three main character education values, 17 were found, including religious, sacrifice, polytheistic, mutual respect, trust, patience, lack of sympathy, courage, unyielding, and careless values. Value of Pride, Value of Caring, Value of Not Caring, Value of Cooperation, Value of Honesty, Value of Responsibility, and Value of Innovation and Creativity.

PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN MENYIMAK CERPEN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA REKAMAN PEMBACAAN CERPEN

Improving the Quality of Learning to Listen to Short Stories by Using Short Stories Recorded Media. This research is classified as Classroom Action Research because it aims to improve the quality of learning in the classroom, both the process and learning outcomes. The subjects of this study were students of class XII IPA 2 UPT SMA Negeri 16 Bone with a total of 35 students. This research data obtained in the form of data on planning, implementation, and evaluation of research results. The technique used to collect data in this research is observation (observation), documentation, interviews and tests. The data collected were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that there was an increase in the ability to listen to readings using reading reading media in students of XII IPA 2 UPT SMA Negeri 16 Bone after learning to listen to poetry using poetry reading class media in the first cycle which achieved learning completeness of 42.86% with an average score of 42.86%. average 64.86. These results increased in the second cycle by 97.14% with an average value of 87.00.

Magnetic resonance imaging for cerebrovascular reactivity assessment

Purpose. To analyze the publications related to the technique of MRI mapping of cerebrovascular reactivity.Materials and methods. We have analyzed 75 publications (4 Russian, 71 foreign), published in the period from 1960 to 2021 years. More than half of these articles were published in the last ten years, with 26 studies – in the period from 2016 to 2021 years.Results. The article systematizes methods for assessing cerebrovascular reactivity and approaches to assessing cerebrovascular reactivity by MRI. The technique of non-enhanced MRI mapping of cerebrovascular reactivity with a hypercapnic challenge is described in detail; alternative vasoactive stimuli are also considered. Issues related to data processing and evaluation of research results were discussed.Conclusion. Impairment of cerebrovascular reactivity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cerebrovascular diseases. Over the past decades, various radionuclide and ultrasound methods have been widely used to assess cerebrovascular reactivity. In recent years the interest of researchers in MRI as a method of mapping cerebrovascular reactivity has increased significantly. Noninvasiveness, safety, absence of radiation exposure, and good tolerability are the absolute advantages of MRI mapping over other methods of assessing cerebrovascular reactivity. However, the variety of methodological approaches to MRI mapping of cerebrovascular reactivity causes significant variability in the results of the study. Standardization of the procedure should be the first step toward the introduction of MRI mapping of cerebrovascular reactivity into clinical practice.

Students’ Perception of Religious Character Education Value in Novel “di Bawah Langit Yang Sama”

Therefore, this study aims to determine student perceptions of the value of religious character education contained in the novel entitled “Di Bawah Langit Yang Sama”. Qualitative research methods have become research procedures. Data were taken from student learning activities through novels and interviews. The data sources were students and they were 100 students (M = 57, F = 43). Data analysis techniques include (1) problem formulation, (2) selection or categorization of data sources, (3) elaboration of data categories based on operational definitions, (4) checking reliability, (5) data analysis, research, reports and evaluation of research results. Checking the validity of research data using credibility, transferability, triangulation, dependability, and confirmability. The results of the study conclude that religious values describe the way a person communicates and worships God, how to pray, carry out God's commands, preserve customs related to worship ceremonies, and respect each other to live in harmony. The implications of the results of this study have taught students to understand the value of local wisdom and preserve various traditional values that have become the customs of people's lives.

ANALYSIS OF DESTINATION ATTRIBUTE AND QUALITY PERCEPTION OF ACEH HALAL TOURISM INTENTION: THE MEDIASION ROLE OF VISITOR SATISFACTION

The COVID-19 pandemic is considered different from previous pandemics because of the extent and number of people infected. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has made almost all joints of the world economy sluggish, as a result it is estimated that the world economy will be in a recession. This also applies in Indonesia, where economic growth is not as expected. One of the sectors most impacted by this virus is the tourism industry and its derivatives, so it is very important to know and determine the right strategy in managing and seeing tourism opportunities in the midst of the pandemic and the aftermath as an effort to develop the world of sustainable tourism. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of tourist satisfaction and perceived quality on the intention of halal tourism in the midst of a pandemic and in the future. Research on travel intentions in the midst of a pandemic, especially during the COVID-19 period, is still very limited, so that it will have an impact in the future, so further research needs to be carried out in a different context from the limitations of previous research. The research stages include; data observation, determining the main problem, the purpose of the activity, literature study, data collection, data processing, analysis of results, and evaluation of research results. This research is based on the theoretical framework of Destination Attributes and Perceived Quality. This study seeks to analyze the intentions of tourists traveling in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic among the people of Aceh, Indonesia, and world tourists who travel to Banda Aceh City, Aceh Province. The data analysis method used a partial least squares (PLS) statistical approach with the structural equational model (SEM) method to see the direct and indirect effects (mediation). The findings of this study are expected to contribute to more effective planning for restoring the tourism business, specifically halal tourism and for the development of measures for destination attributes and visitor satisfaction and security in tourism services, now and in the future. The outputs in this study consist of research reports, articles in accredited national journals and produce HKI (copyright). The resulting TKT level of research is TKT 3.

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF LACTIC ACID BACTERY LEAVEN «VIVO PROBIOYOGURT»

Lactic acid bacteria play a key role in human microecology and biotechnology – form organoleptic characteristics of products, increase the nutritional, including biological value of functional foods. Natural resistance to antibiotics is one of the important factors that determine the probiotic properties of lacto- and bifidobacteria. Aim. Study of the antibiotic resistance of functionally active probiotic cultures of "VIVO probioyogurt" leaven to determine the possibility of using a fermented milk product, which is prepared on its basis, during antibiotic therapy to maintain and restore normal intestinal microflora. Methods. Pure cultures of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were selected for the study: (Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp., L. acidophilus, L.casei, L. rhamnosus, L.paracasei, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium lactis (2 strains), B. infantis), which are part of leaven "VIVO probioyogurt" the quality of which is confirmed by certificates of the International Organization for Standardization ISO 9001: 2008, as well as ISO 22000: 2005. The method of the experiment consisted of the following stages: preparation of nutrient media ("Lactobacagar", "Bifidoagar", glucose-peptone medium), working solutions of antibiotics; working suspension of LAB; suspensions of cultures (lacto- and bifidobacteria), cultivation LAB on elective nutrient media with the addition of antibiotics and evaluation of research results. Determination of antibiotic resistance of LAB was performed by the method of double dilutions. Results. The use of this technique enabled to establish the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics of different groups relative to the LAB. The results of the research were processed using a licensed computer program Microsoft Excel. Conclusions. Evaluation of the results of studies to determine the MIC of antibiotics – benzylpenicillin, azithromycin, lincomycin, gentamicin sulfate, ceftriaxone, norfloxacin, amoxil, streptomycin, tetracycline, erythromycin in relation to IBD; fermented milk product, which was prepared on the basis of this starter culture, it was advisable to use during antibiotic therapy to restore and maintain normal intestinal microflora.

ЦЕНТРАЛИЗАЦИЯ МИКРОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ НА УРОВНЕ РЕГИОНА

The article presents a vision of the development path of the laboratory of clinical microbiology: technical reequipment of "manual" operating procedures at the research stages, introduction of the principles of standardization of the technological process, evaluation of research results. The author emphasizes the need to guide new scientific views on the problem of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms, to ensure the reliability of the results of microbiological studies.

OCCUPATIONAL BURNOUT AMONG POLICE OFFICERS AS A CHALLENGE FOR HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

The aim of the article was to demonstrate that occupational burnout is one of the problems in human resources management. The authors’ own research conducted among 99 police officers focused on identifying burnout individuals and determining which sociodemographic factors differentiate the state of burnout. Furthermore, the research attempted to identify factors related to the workplace, work environment and the lack of social support which may contribute to occupational burnout. The obtained results demonstrated that among the respondents there were people who had reached a high score for burnout. Sociodemographic factors, such as: age, job seniority, and rank influence the level of occupational burnout. On the other hand, the factors related to the workplace and work environment in the form of: low level of remuneration, lack of participation in decision making, sensing lack of recognition and negative assessment by others, might be predictors of this phenomenon. Moreover, based on the evaluation of research results, it was found that police officers felt social support.

Comparative analysis of Avian Conservation and Ecology (ACE) and Zoological Research (ZR) journals based on citation using Scimago journal rank

Researching in Sophisticated laboratories, must be back by the publishing of rigorous experiments results ensuring the quality standards. This research paper uses various tools and criteria to determine the scope and impact of a scientific journal which are based on citation data from journal articles. When selecting targets for publication and evaluation of research results, the use of journal ranking tables based on cited measures reduces uncertainty. Researchers, scholars, and information scientists are encouraged to use journal quality indicators to evaluate journals in their areas of interest. Using Scopus, the world's largest index database, the SCImago Journal and Country Rank (https://www.scim agojr.com) website rank journals based on a variety of measures, including the SJR H-index on International collaboration and various citation indicators. Using data from the SCImago Journal and Country Rank databases, the current study examines the citation-based scientometric indicators of two important journals, Avian Conservation and Ecology (ACE) and Zoological Research (ZR), between 2011 and 2020.

Problem statement and presentation of results of scientific research in dissertation works in tech-nical sciences

Problem. When writing dissertations, applicants face a serious problem of correct presentation of the results. Consequently, the quality of dissertations decreases significantly, even if the level of their research and development is very high. Goal. The purpose of the article is to provide knowledge on the justification and formulation of the problem and the presentation of scientific information in dissertations, which are the key criteria in ensuring their quality. Methodology. Analytical methods of research of dissertations concerning their quality of presentation were used. Results. The paper presents the general requirements for the delivery of the problem and the presentation of research results in dissertations of the technical area. The methodical recommendations concerning the formation of the purpose were formalized, as well as the novelty of the work and conclusions. To facilitate the use of these recommendations, keywords, typical phrases, clarifying words and examples of wording are provided. The structure and interrelation of the main components of the problem statement and evaluation of research results are presented. Originality. Clear instructions on the choice of topic, description of the object and subject of research, and research technology are provided. Practical value. This work is intended not only for those who are working on a dissertation (master's degree, doctor of philosophy (PhD), doctoral), but also for those who prepare research reports and for the authors of scientific articles.Key words: scientific research, dissertation work, requirements, education, higher educational institution, applicant, quality of dissertations.

Application of Cluster Analysis in Breeding Research

Varieties and hybrids of agricultural crops are characterized by a large number of indicators: morphological, economically valuable, biochemical. Usually, when conducting a comparative analysis of selection samples at the initial stage of research, only a few traits are used, which are assessed using one-dimensional criteria. In research on rapeseed breeding, an integrated approach is also important in the assessment and selection of promising samples, taking into account the morphological characteristics that are components of productivity; oil content and quality, as well as the glucosinolate content of the seeds. Cluster analysis is a multivariate method for determining the optimal values of the estimated indicators. The aim of the research is the analysis and selection at the initial stage of research of promising breeding samples of winter rape, suitable for further work, using the "k-means" clustering method. The material of the research is 125 breeding samples of winter rapeseed. The number of pods on the central branch, the content of oil and glucosinolates in the seeds was determined, and the fatty acid composition of the oil was analyzed (the content of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic and erucic acids in it). The studies were carried out during 2018-2019. in the conditions of the southern Steppe of Ukraine. Statistical processing and evaluation of research results was carried out using a modified "k-means" clustering method, which is carried out using Data Mining. It differs from the classical clustering method in the selection of the optimal number of model clusters, which is performed by the Statistica software package. The processing and analysis of the material under study was carried out in two stages. At the first stage, using cluster analysis by the "k-means" method, separately for economically valuable traits and fatty acid composition of the oil, clusters of samples with the best ratio of the corresponding indicators were determined. At the second stage, the best samples from these clusters were selected only by the content of oil and oleic acid, and again by clustering the group of samples with the maximum value of these indicators was selected. From the cluster analysis for the fatty acid composition of the oil, the sign of the content of linoleic acid was excluded due to its high correlation with oleic acid, as well as erucic acid due to the discrepancy between its sample and the normal distribution. Reduction of samples to dimensionless form, preceding cluster analysis, is carried out by normalization on the z-scale. As a result of cluster analysis, we obtained the distribution of samples according to economically valuable characteristics into four clusters, and according to the fatty acid composition of oil into two clusters. The samples that form these clusters were also identified. The first cluster for economically valuable characteristics unites 26 samples, the second 33, the third 39 and the fourth 27. The first cluster for the fatty acid composition of the oil contains 72 samples, the second 53. The highest content of oil in the seeds and the number of pods on the central branch with the minimum content of glucosinolates in the seeds are inherent in the third cluster, and the maximum content of oleic acid in the oil - in the samples that form the second cluster. Analysis of variance of the clustering results showed that the average values of the economically valuable traits and the fatty acid composition of the oil in the clusters differ statistically significantly. Thus, clustering by the "k-means" method formed clusters of samples that statistically significantly differ from each other in the studied characteristics. Only 15 samples are simultaneously included in the third cluster, formed according to economically valuable characteristics, and in the second cluster according to the fatty acid composition of the oil. The second stage is the selection of the best samples from this group based on the oil content in the seeds and the oleic acid content in it for further breeding work. Based on the results of cluster analysis, a distribution into four clusters was obtained. Finally, for further selection studies in order to obtain a high content of oleic acid in the oil, five samples of the first cluster were selected (the content of oleic acid in the oil is 69.4-70.6%, the oil content is 49.0-52.1%). And also three samples combined into the second cluster with an oil content of 51.1-51.8%. Thus, the effectiveness of the application of the modified clustering method "k-means" for the analysis of a large number of samples of winter rapeseed for several characteristics simultaneously with the aim of selecting genotypes with an optimal ratio of economically valuable indicators has been proved.

RESEARCH POLICY IN LEADING RUSSIAN UNIVERSITIES: EFFECTS OF «NEW MANAGERIALISM»

This article analyzes the effects of «new managerialism» on the results of scientific research in universities. New managerialism implies decision-making based on quantitative indicators. This paper summarizes the international and Russian approaches to the assessment of scientific achievements at universities. It analyzes instruments for fostering scientific productivity, such as contracts with the faculty and the formation of centers of excellence, to identify the advantages and limitations of tools currently used at Russian research universities. Our analysis of international literature showed that evaluation of research results is becoming more complex as it is conducted regularly, not annually. The contract system indirectly affects the results of research but does not contain any strict quantitative requirements. Centers of excellence, which receive additional funding to accelerate the production of scientific knowledge, achieve this goal in most cases, but this system does not automatically create the Matthew effect. The article analyzes the specific characteristics of new managerialism in Russian universities by using the example of a program aimed at the creation of laboratories led by prominent scientists, the Project 5-100, and the system of contracts with the faculty. The study has revealed that these tools have contributed to the increase in publication activity. However, there are indications that this growth has reached its limits. Prospects of further development can reside in the use of a wider range of indicators to characterize the impact of scientific results on social and economic development and in increasing the share of long-term contracts.

Comparison of Research Results by Scientific Communities

In the article, the issues of normalization of scientometric indicators of the publication level were studied. An integrated approach to the evaluation of research results was formalized. The similarities and differences between professional and scientific communities were considered. The concept of a professional scientific community was introduced. Local and network subtypes of scientific communities were identified. A method has been developed for obtaining the values ​​of scientometric indicators normalized by both local and network scientific communities, the distinguishing feature of which is the use of linguistic variables and production rules of fuzzy logic. The testing of the proposed methodology was carried out based on the example of a scientometric database.

Electrical fall (EFA) as a learning media for electromagnetic induction

This study aims to analyze the feasibility of EFA (Electrical FAll) as a learning media in physics learning. The research method used is the development of ADDIE model which consists of five stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The steps in this study are: 1) Curriculum analysis, field analysis, and library analysis; 2) Making a learning media design called EFA; 3) Realizing the design of EFA learning media; 4) Validation of experts; and 5) evaluation of research results. The results of this study indicate that the appraisal of the feasibility of EFA props by validators is 91.67%, the value of the worksheet of the students exceeds the minimum specified criteria of completeness, and the review of students who have used EFA tools is very good. The conclusions of this study are that EFA is suitable for use as a learning media. This study recommends that further research be conducted to determine the effect of EFA use on some students’ skills, such as critical thinking skills, process science skills and so on.

SOCIAL DISCOUNT RATE: ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

The purpose of the paper is to investigate the assessment methods of social discount rate, to determine its calculation algorithm and to substantiate applied aspects relatively implementation of one or another method during cash flow discounting in social projects. Methodology. The research used such methods as follows: method of comparative analysis was used to find out advantages and limitations of chosen assessment methodologies of the social discount rate; synthesis and generalization methods were used during investigation of the gathered experience concerning application of assessment methodology of social discount rate; logical method was used to substantiate made assumptions; formalization method was used to determine assessment parameters of social discount rate. Results. To achieve the target goal, the following tasks were solved: theoretical studies on the assessment of social discount rate were systemized and the most adapted method for a practical implementation was determined; available pragmatic approaches to the determination of the parameters of social discount rate were investigated and the algorithm of its estimation is substantiated; evaluation of research results were tried out. Practical implications. The article substantiates the necessity of application of social discount rate in the evaluation process of investment projects of the public sector. The theoretical approaches to the choice of the social discount rate were studied. The assessment methods developed and adapted for application in the world practice for discounting public projects were considered. The arguments concerning the expediency of application of the social rate of time preferences for the evaluation of public projects are considered. Different approaches to the determination of the social rate of time preferences are analysed. Value/originality. As a result of the research, parameters of the social rate of time preferences were determined. The application algorithm of the assessment methodology of the social rate of time preferences for public project discounting is indicated. The approbation of the assessment methodology of the social discount rate for discounting projects of the public sector in Ukraine was carried out.

The Challenge of Improving Soil Fertility in Yam Cropping Systems of West Africa.

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a tuber crop grown for food security, income generation, and traditional medicine. This crop has a high cultural value for some of the groups growing it. Most of the production comes from West Africa where the increased demand has been covered by enlarging cultivated surfaces while the mean yield remained around 10 t tuber ha−1. In West Africa, yam is traditionally cultivated without input as the first crop after a long-term fallow as it is considered to require a high soil fertility. African soils, however, are being more and more degraded. The aims of this review were to show the importance of soil fertility for yam, discuss barriers that might limit the adoption of integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) in yam-based systems in West Africa, present the concept of innovation platforms (IPs) as a tool to foster collaboration between actors for designing innovations in yam-based systems and provide recommendations for future research. This review shows that the development of sustainable, feasible, and acceptable soil management innovations for yam requires research to be conducted in interdisciplinary teams including natural and social sciences and in a transdisciplinary manner involving relevant actors from the problem definition, to the co-design of soil management innovations, the evaluation of research results, their communication and their implementation. Finally, this research should be conducted in diverse biophysical and socio-economic settings to develop generic rules on soil/plant relationships in yam as affected by soil management and on how to adjust the innovation supply to specific contexts.

Apprendere e partecipare ai processi valutativi: il valore degli Archivi Istituzionali

The paper explores the potential role of Institutional Repositories for processes of evaluation of research results. It presents a methodology for the definition and classification of the content of Institutional Repositories that will be useful to outline the standards of comprehensive, comparable and defined outputs, to select those corresponding to the different mission and institutional activities carried out by research organizations (Universities and Public Research Institutions). The research question is: what is the value of the Institutional Repositories for the evaluation of public research organizations even beyond research activities? What kinds of output should an Institutional Repository contain to respond to both scientific requirements and comparability assumptions in the evaluation process, besides the sharing capacity and the flexibility inherent to the notion of Open Science? Through a case study on a specific Institutional Repository (CNR National Council), the paper proposes a conceptual framework to address the research questions, which is supposed to contribute outreach purposes, evaluation and sharing of science.

A methodology for the scientometric expert evaluation of research results

A new methodology based on the tools of fuzzy calculations and the method of expert estimates is proposed for the expert evaluation of research results. The multicomponent methodology uses scientometric indices for the evaluation of the quality of the results of the research activities of research institutes and scientific teams. The methodology can be adapted to different spheres of science due to the ability to vary a number of parameters and weight coefficients according to the specifics of their application.

Opportunities for and Prospects of Using Citation Indices in Evaluating the Performance of Research Institution

The growing social importance of scientific knowledge leads to the gradual penetration of scientometric indicators in the sphere that regulates the activities of researchers. At present, publishing and citation indicators are declared in government documents as target indicators of the state of science. The article presents general approaches to the scientometric analysis of activity of research institution; an attempt is made to estimate the publication activity of the institutions included in the Economics Section of the Social Sciences Department of RAS, as well as research and education organizations of the Vologda Oblast. The statistical data of the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) were used as a tool for evaluating the research work. Organizations have been ranked according to several criteria: the total number of publications in RSCI, the number of citations and the value of the Hirsch index.The results of the research indicate that at present, efficient administrative decisions in the sphere of science require establishment of the system for objective evaluation of research results. The Russian Science Citation Index is viewed as part of such a system. Together with highly qualified expert assessments that make it possible to consider the specifics of research activity, the scientometric indicators presented in RSCI as well, in the long term can be used for objective and comprehensive evaluation of scientific potential of the regions and the country as a whole.