Policy Evaluation Research Articles

Evaluation of The Feasibility of Wood Working Construction Workshop

This study aims to determine the feasibility level of the Wood Work Construction Workshop of the Civil Engineering Department of FT UNP based on the standards of Permendiknas number 40 of 2008, SNI 03-6575-2001, and ISO 9001: 2008. This research approach uses descriptive qualitative research methods and uses a policy evaluation model. The object of this research is the wood working construction workshop. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of observation, interviews, direct measurement and documentation. The research instrument used a checklist that was used during direct measurement. The technique of obtaining data uses a roller meter, lux meter, sound level meter, thermometer and anemometer. The results of this study are the workshop area according to the standard, the area of hand wood working area according to the standard, the area of wood machinery according to the standard, the area of storage and technician areas according to the standard, the lighting level of the wood workshop in the morning according to the standard, at noon according to the standard, and in the afternoon not according to the standard, workshop natural ventilation air circulation for air temperature in the morning is up to standard, in the afternoon and evening is not up to standard, air humidity in the morning and afternoon is up to standard, in the afternoon is not up to standard, air velocity in the morning and afternoon is not up to standard, in the afternoon is up to standard, sound and noise are up to standard, room temperature in the morning is up to standard, The number of students is according to the standard, the number of technicians is not according to the standard, the implementation of workshop practice is according to the standard, the color of the room is according to the standard, the wood workshop practice equipment for hand tools is according to the standard, the working station tool of the type of tool consists of 4 types not according to the standard and 8 types are according to the standard, Workshop facilities for furniture are according to the standard, educational media are according to the standard, fire protection equipment is not according to the standard, first aid kits are according to the standard, personal protective equipment is not according to the standard, workshop support equipment for electrical contact boxes are according to the standard, trash cans are not according to the standard, information data boards are according to the standard, vacuum is not according to the standard.

Assessment of Local Chicken Production Base Area in Minahasa Regency: A Location Quotient Approach

Local chickens have considerable potential to be developed and are reared as a source of animal protein and income. The production of local chickens is distributed across Minahasa Regency under a traditional free-ranging system. This study aims to assess the base area of local chicken farming and to determine the distribution of the superior commodity through the growth and share of local chicken production. Assessing the base area of the region for local chicken production can serve as the basis for the evaluation and design of policies. This study utilized a location quotient (LQ) approach in the empirical works in the regency and district. This analytical tool was applied to analyze the dynamics of the economic base in the cases of districts in Minahasa Regency, Indonesia. The analysis results denoted that 17 of 25 districts in Minahasa Regency ranked among the top base areas for local chicken development, as indicated by the highest LQ coefficients. Concerning the district potential base area, three districts fell into the superior category, four districts belonged to the static category, and 15 districts were in the potential category. This evidence reflects the potential and prospects of local chicken farming and its development plans as a leading commodity in Minahasa Regency. Encouraging farmers to maintain and develop livestock enterprises could support the provision of animal protein for consumption. There has been hope for the future of the local chicken commodity thanks to its inclusive development in resource-rich base areas.

Mountains block and seas move: The impact of geographical environment on the China's Carbon Emissions Trading Scheme in reducing urban PM2.5 concentrations

The dispersion of PM2.5-related pollutants in the atmosphere is intricately connected to the natural geographical environment. Nevertheless, previous evaluations of environmental policies regarding urban PM2.5 concentrations have rarely taken into account the influence of the natural geographical environment. Utilizing panel data and DID models for 266 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2019, this study thoroughly examines the impact of geographical environment on the China's Carbon Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) in reducing urban PM2.5 concentrations. The results suggest that (1) Neglecting the impact of natural geographical environment, although the ETS effectively reduces the PM2.5 concentration in the pilot cities from an overall perspective, there are anomalies in the robustness test and the heterogeneity analysis, which are mainly reflected in the decrease in the significance of the PSM-DID results, and the positive haze-enhancement effect of the ETSs of Fujian, Beijing, Shanghai, etc. (2) Considering the influence of geographic environment, combined with the spatial correlation between China's topographic distribution and PM2.5 concentration, four control groups of Basin, Coastal, etc. are screened for group regression, and the results show that geographic environment factors significantly affect the emission reduction effect of each ETS on PM2.5 concentration. (3) The regression results of the three types of spatial econometric models all indicate that there is a significant spatial spillover effect of ETS to reduce PM2.5 concentration. Considering the influence of geographic environment on the spatial spillover effect and the fact that China's provincial division is mostly based on geographic environment factors, in order to more reasonably assess the effect of the policy on the PM2.5 concentration, the researcher should select sample cities with no spatial correlation of PM2.5 and clustering robust standard errors to the provincial level.

Accessibility and Inequality of Public Digital Products in the Era of Digital Governance: Policy Evaluation and Improvement Strategies

Accessibility and Inequality of Public Digital Products in the Era of Digital Governance: Policy Evaluation and Improvement Strategies

The Impact of Demonstration Cooperatives on the “Empty Shell” of Farmer Professional Cooperatives in China

With the advancement of farmer professional cooperatives in China, the prevalence of the “empty shell” phenomenon has posed a significant challenge to the health and sustainability of these cooperatives. Utilizing data from 1570 such cooperatives in Guizhou Province, China, this study uses the multi-time differential model and the spatial Durbin model to study the impact of demonstration cooperatives on the “empty shell” of cooperatives and the spatial spillover effect of demonstration cooperatives. The study results show the following: (1) Agricultural professional cooperatives are rated as national or provincial demonstration cooperatives, which are conducive to their development, and the policy evaluation of demonstration cooperatives can effectively inhibit the “empty shell” phenomenon of cooperatives. (2) National and provincial demonstration cooperatives can effectively inhibit the “empty shell” of cooperatives in the region. (3) When there are provincial demonstration cooperatives in the surrounding areas, there will be a spatial spillover effect and the empty shell of regional cooperatives will be inhibited. However, to restrain the “empty shell” of cooperatives, it is essential to capitalize on the spatial policy influence of “demonstration cooperatives” while being vigilant against potential spatial siphoning effects.

KPPBC TMP Juanda Policy in Achieving Revenue Target as a Impact of De Minimis Value

Background: The implementation of the de minimis value rule, which sets a threshold for import duty exemptions on small shipments, significantly influences national trade dynamics and fiscal policies. Despite global integration and economic transactions escalating, effective customs regulations remain pivotal for controlling import activities and enhancing revenue. Knowledge Gap: Prior research has primarily focused on the implications of the de minimis rule on import volumes and compliance, leaving a gap regarding its impact on revenue targets and administrative practices at the customs office level. Aims: This study aims to explore the strategies employed by KPPBC TMP Juanda in achieving revenue targets influenced by the de minimis value policy. Methods: Utilizing qualitative research methods, including interviews, observation, and documentation, this research engages directly with three customs officials at KPPBC TMP Juanda, analyzing data with NVivo12Plus. Results: The findings indicate that while the de minimis value does not control the surge in import activities, it assists in increasing revenue and meeting fiscal targets. Novelty: This study provides new insights into how customs policies adapted at the local office level can contribute to national fiscal strategies under global trade pressures. Implications: The outcomes underscore the necessity for continuous policy evaluation to balance trade facilitation with fiscal responsibility, suggesting enhancements in customs operations to optimize revenue without stifling economic growth. Highlights: Customs Strategy: De minimis value adjustments reflect local customs alignment with fiscal goals. Revenue Impact: The rule boosts revenue without curbing import volumes. Policy Review: Highlights the need for continual policy optimization to balance trade and revenue. Keywords: Policy, Revenue Target, De Minimis Value

Developing an alcohol strategy for the Northwest Territories: Evaluating global research evidence against rural and remote realities

ObjectivesThis paper outlines the engagement process that was used to develop the Northwest Territories Alcohol Strategy, based on a recommendation by the developers of the Canadian Alcohol Policy Evaluation report, and how this informed the final actions in the strategy.MethodsA literature review, four targeted engagement activities, and iterative validation by advisory groups and community and Indigenous leadership were used to evaluate, modify, or reject the original recommendations and develop the final actions that were included in the NWT Alcohol Strategy.ResultsThere are fourteen original CAPE recommendations, four of which had already been implemented in the Northwest Territories before the development of the strategy. On completion of the process, four recommendations had already been implemented in the NWT. Two recommendations were included in the strategy without changes, two were adapted for use in the strategy, and six were not included. One stand-alone alcohol policy measure was created and included.ConclusionAlcohol strategies are dependent on a variety of contextual factors. Developers need to take into consideration the unique geography, political climate, and cultural context of the region for which they are being developed, in order to produce a strategy that is applicable, acceptable, and feasible at the community level.

Comparative Analysis of Environmental Protection Laws and Their Impact on Sustainable Development in Rwanda

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze comparative analysis of environmental protection laws and their impact on sustainable development in Rwanda. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Environmental protection laws play a crucial role in sustainable development, particularly in Rwanda where the balance between economic growth and environmental integrity is pivotal. A comparative analysis reveals that systematic inclusion of environmental impact assessments and strategic environmental assessments are essential for fostering sustainable development. These processes ensure that environmental considerations are integrated into the planning and decision-making stages of development projects, thereby mitigating negative impacts on the environment. Capacity building at various levels, from macro to micro, is recommended to enhance the understanding and implementation of these laws. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Legal pluralism, policy diffusion & institutional analysis may be used to anchor future studies on comparative analysis of environmental protection laws and their impact on sustainable development in Rwanda. Practitioners can leverage findings from such studies to identify best practices, lessons learned, and areas for improvement in environmental governance. Policymakers should use comparative analysis findings to inform the design, implementation, and evaluation of environmental policies and regulations at local, national, and global levels.

Research on Performance Evaluation of Preferential Tax Policies in Minority Areas

Research on Performance Evaluation of Preferential Tax Policies in Minority Areas

The YWCA of the USA ‘In Service for the Girls of the World’, 1947–1985

Before mid-century, the Young Women's Christian Association of the USA (Y-US) was complicit with global northern imperial projects, as its work with women across national borders was characterised by an ethos of ‘imperial maternalism’. Applying Serene Khader's (2019) analysis of imperialism in global northern feminisms shows that Y-US's approach to ‘overseas’ work was ‘missionary’ in its use and promotion of ‘western’ values and strategies. Although Y-US inevitably worked within ‘asymmetrical power relations’ (Grewal & Kaplan, 2000, para.4), in the 1970s its approach shifted as it began to recognise these imbalances. By the 1980s, Y-US's ‘global’ programmes sought out women's context-specific knowledge to identify and critique structural inequalities and US imperialism, characteristic of ‘transnational feminist’ ethic. The contribution of Y-US to the YWCA movement was more complex, and positive, than a perpetuation of cultural imperialism. In its national policy and project planning and evaluations, Y-US continued until the 1980s to apply mixture of missionary and transnational feminist lenses to understand its role and responsibilities as a member of the worldwide YWCA movement, and to grapple with the implications of US power on the world stage.

THE IMPACT OF SUSTAINABLE LEADERSHIP ON EDUCATION QUALITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Objective: This systematic literature review (SLR) seeks to explain the various impacts of sustainable leadership on education quality over a ten-year period. Three specific questions for study are developed: 1) the impact of recent developments in sustainable leadership on the quality of education; 2) the role of strategies in enhancing the quality of education; and 3) the primary challenges to putting sustainable leadership methods into practice. Method: By using the PRISMA approach, the study conducts a thorough search through six databases, 60 articles were chosen for a further review. Content analysis was improved by iterative changes, starting with automated analysis using Leximancer. The researcher's perspective informed the final analysis elaboration. Results and Discussion: Following research ought to concentrate on extended-term studies, multidisciplinary strategies, policy evaluation, involvement of stakeholders, and innovative techniques. Strategies like broadening search criteria, encouraging interdisciplinary collaboration, and highlighting stakeholder participation might improve the comprehensiveness and relevance of future research despite limitations like different methods and geographic bias. Research Implications: The study focuses on assessing the long-term impacts of sustainable leadership on education quality, highlighting its broad scope and lasting influence. Sustainable leadership is essential to raising educational standards and ensuring the adaptability and resilience of educational institutions. Originality/Value: This study provides an in-depth overview of the relationship between high-quality education and sustainable leadership. It is essential for developing successful strategies, enhancing leadership development efforts, and maybe influencing the design of public policy and enabling the execution of prosperous projects.

Introduction and Evaluation of Slovenian Space Activity, Policy, and Legislation Considering International Space Law

The examination of the development of space activities on a global scale, identifies several trends. One of them is the transition from dualism to multilateralism – from the Cold War, when only the two world superpowers of the time were active in space, to a situation where several countries are joining the now already large circle of spacefaring nations. Recently, Slovenia has followed the trend, and has in the last three years successfully launched three satellites, drawn out its space policy, and adopted its first space legislation. As it was one of the first countries in the region to do so, it can serve as a learning tool for other states wishing to embark on the same journey, enabling them to take a critical perspective and optimise their efforts. This study briefly presents Slovenian space activity, policy, and legislation. This study focuses on the legislative part, which presents and examines the compliance with international law. Based on this, certain improvements can be made and other states can decide how to draw their own national legislation governing space activities.

The “Belt and Road” Initiative and China's sporting goods exports: Basic characteristics and policy evaluation

The paper analyzes the basic characteristics of China's sporting goods exports using data from the CEPII BACI database from 2007 to 2019, combined with the social network analysis method, and evaluates the policy effect of the “Belt and Road” initiative implementation on the impact of China's sporting goods exports using the difference-in-differences method. The research findings are as follows: 1) The overall scale of China's sporting goods exports has consistently expanded, marked by a rapid increase in the total export volume. The exported goods exhibit a comprehensive range of product categories, indicating an ongoing evolution in the structural composition of products. Geographically, the export destinations are widespread, covering a diverse range of countries. However, there is a noticeable concentration trend in sporting goods exports, with gymnastics and track and field equipment being the primary export commodities. These sporting goods predominantly penetrate markets in Southeast Asia, West Asia, and Eastern Europe. In the sporting goods trade network associated with the “Belt and Road” initiative, China holds a central role, with Thailand, Turkey, and Poland progressively advancing toward central positions. 2) The implementation of the “Belt and Road” initiative has had a positive impact on China's sporting goods exports, and the policy's influence is particularly significant on the countries and regions along the “Belt and Road”. The implementation of the policy does not favor the breathing growth of sporting goods exports, but it does promote the deepening of the export product. Based on these perspectives, it is imperative for China to establish a robust and sustainable trade network, proactively foster sporting diplomacy, maintain strategic focus, and enhance product quality to effectively propel the development of a sporting powerhouse.

Evaluation of Climate Change Mitigation Policies in Developed Vs Developing Countries

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyzing the evaluation of climate change mitigation policies in developed vs developing countries. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The evaluation of climate change mitigation policies reveals distinct findings between developed and developing countries. Developed nations typically show higher levels of policy implementation and technological adoption aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in measurable declines in carbon intensity across sectors. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Environmental kuznets curve (EKC) theory, diffusion of innovations theory & dependency theory may be used to anchor future studies on evaluation of climate change mitigation policies in developed vs developing countries. Prioritizing capacity building initiatives and technology transfer programs in developing countries supports practical implementation of climate mitigation strategies. Advocating for equitable climate finance mechanisms ensures adequate funding and financial incentives for developing countries to implement climate mitigation actions.

Evaluation of fiscal policy with text mining under "dual carbon" target in China

The establishment of “dual carbon” goals exemplifies China's global commitment as a responsible sovereign and the methodical advancement toward these aims is illustrative of China's capable governance in countering climate transformation. The actualization of “dual carbon” targets is contingent upon the foundation of robust fiscal policies, and meticulous assessments of policy documentation are instrumental in reflecting the foreseen efficacies of these measures. The study employs text mining techniques to articulate evaluative benchmarks for fiscal policy scripts under the “dual carbon” framework and engages a bidirectional fixed-effects model to corroborate the linkage between fiscal policy implements and carbon emissions, alongside a holistic appraisal using the PMC-CRITIC index model. The research corroborates that fiscal instruments, such as tax reliefs and green fiscal transfers, significantly encourage the diminution of carbon emissions. The average PMC-CRITIC index of the policy specimens assessed is 0.62, indicating a level that is permissible yet indicating potential for further refinement. Of the reviewed policy samples, the preponderance adheres to satisfactory thresholds, with an ensuing tier demonstrating exceptional policy. The average evaluations of policy timeliness, nature, and evaluation are laudable, notwithstanding the necessity for ameliorations in the precision of policy objectives, the credibility of the policy objects, and the targeted applicability of policy tools. Accordingly, in the trajectory of impending policy development, there should be an amplification of the collaborative mechanisms both horizontally among sundry tiers of local governance and vertically across disparate bureaucratic strata, the adoption of a systemized approach to elucidate and resolve the fundamental dissonances in actualizing “dual carbon” objectives.

Interrupted time series analysis of chronic periodontitis-related procedures before and after the scaling reimbursement policy in Korea.

To study the use of a quasi-experimental design to assess the effects of scaling reimbursement policies on the incidence of chronic-periodontitis procedures. Interrupted time series analysis was used to compare the effects before and after policy implementation using data on the number of periodontitis-related procedures from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (n = 740,467) and the Health Screening Cohort (n = 337,904). Periodontitis-related procedures with diagnosis codes were categorized into basic (scaling or root planing), intermediate (subgingival curettage) and advanced (tooth extraction, periodontal flap surgery, bone grafting for alveolar bone defects or guided tissue regeneration). Subjects' demographics and comorbidities were considered. The incidence rate of immediate changes and gradual effects before and after policy implementation was assessed. Following the policy implementation from July 2013, an immediate increase was observed in total and basic procedures. No significant changes were noted in intermediate and advanced procedures initially. A decrease in the slope of intermediate procedures was observed in both databases. Advanced procedures showed varied trends, with no change in the National Sample Cohort but an increase in the Health Screening Cohort, particularly among subjects with comorbidities. Following the new policy implementation, the number of intermediate procedures decreased while the number of advanced procedures increased, especially among patients with comorbidities. These findings offer valuable insights on policy evaluation.

Analysis of Village Government Policy in Improving the Quality of Education Case Study of Surabaya Student Exchange

Education inequality between villages and cities is a common issue, with villages often experiencing difficulties in accessing adequate education facilities. Village governments have an important role in improving the quality of education. This article uses qualitative research methods to understand the context, dynamics and complexities of education policies and their impact on communities. The Surabaya village government has developed an education policy that focuses on improving education in its area. This policy has shown positive impacts, but education policy evaluation is crucial to ensure sustainability and continuous improvement. Evaluations help identify weaknesses and challenges faced in implementing education policies so that improvements can be made and more effective strategies can be developed. Limited resources, facilities and competent teaching staff are some of the most significant challenges in improving the quality of education in Surabaya Village. PMM played a crucial role in the evaluation of the village's education policy, assisting in data collection and analysis, direct observation, community empowerment, and the development of recommendations for improvement. With the involvement of independent student exchanges, the village administration gains a more in-depth and comprehensive view of the effectiveness of education policies, which ultimately contributes to improving the quality of education in the village.

What makes randomized controlled trials so successful—for now? Or, on the consonances, compromises, and contradictions of a global interstitial field

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are a major success story, promising to improve science and policy. Despite some controversy, RCTs have spread toward Northern and Southern countries since the early 2000s. How so? Synthesizing previous research on this question, this article argues that favorable institutional conditions turned RCTs into “hinges” between the fields of science, politics, and business. Shifts toward behavioral economics, New Public Management, and evidence-based philanthropic giving led to a cross-fertilization among efforts in rich and poor countries, involving states, international organizations, NGOs, researchers, and philanthropic foundations. This confluence of favorable institutional conditions and savvy social actors established a “global interstitial field” inside which support for RCTs has developed an unprecedented scope, influence, operational capacity, and professional payoff. However, the article further argues that the hinges holding together this global interstitial field are “squeaky” at best. Because actors inherit the illusio of their respective fields of origin—their central incentives and stakes—the interstitial field produces constant goal conflicts. Cooperation between academics and practitioners turns out to be plagued by tensions and contradictions. Based on this analysis, the article concludes that the global field of RCT support will probably differentiate into its constituent parts. As a result, RCTs may lose the special status they have gained among social science and policy evaluation methods, turning into one good technique among others.

A Scoping Review and Assessment of the Area-Level Composite Measures That Estimate Social Determinants of Health Across the United States

Objectives: Evidence-informed population health initiatives often leverage data from various sources, such as epidemiologic surveillance data and administrative datasets. Recent interest has arisen in using area-level composite measures describing a community’s social risks to inform the development and implementation of health policies, including payment reform initiatives. Our objective was to capture the breadth of available area-level composite measures that describe social determinants of health (SDH) and have potential for application in population health and policy work. Methods: We conducted a scoping review of the scientific literature from 2010 to 2022 to identify multifactorial indices and rankings reflected in peer-reviewed literature that estimate SDH and that have publicly accessible data sources. We discovered several additional composite measures incidental to the scoping review process. Literature searches for each composite measure aimed to contextualize common applications in public health investigations. Results: From 491 studies, we identified 31 composite measures and categorized them into 8 domains: environmental conditions and pollution, opportunity and infrastructure, deprivation and well-being, COVID-19, rurality, food insecurity, emergency response and community resilience, and health. Composite measures are applied most often as an independent variable associated with disparities, risk factors, and/or outcomes affecting individuals, populations, communities, and health systems. Conclusions: Area-level composite measures describing SDH have been applied to wide-ranging population health work. Social risk indicators may enable policy makers, evaluators, and researchers to better assess community risks and needs, thereby facilitating the evidence-informed development, implementation, and study of initiatives that aim to improve population health.

Analisis Penyelesaian Konflik Antara Dinas Perhubungan dengan Juru Parkir dalam Kebijakan Pembayaran Parkir Melalui QRIS di Taman Bungkul Kota Surabaya

One of the problems that often arises in implementing new government policies is resistance from the community. This also happens to the parking payment policy via the QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard) system at Taman Bungkul Surabaya. Although basically this policy aims to simplify and modernize the payment system, its implementation has actually triggered rejection from some people involved, including parking officers. This research aims to analyze how the conflict between the Transportation Service and parking officers is resolved in the parking payment policy via QRIS in Taman Bungkul, Surabaya City. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with interviews, documentation and data collection, and uses conflict resolution theory according to Ralf Dahrendorf which states that conflict resolution can be resolved in three ways, namely Arbitration, Mediation and Arbitration. The results of this research are to explain parking fees that have not reached the target, the application of QRIS for parking payments, conflicts of interest and policy evaluation, as well as digital transformation and socio-economic impacts.