Evaluation Items Research Articles

Quality indicators for Delphi studies

AbstractThe Delphi method is a technique of social research that seeks to obtain a reliable group opinion from experts. It was first created for military purposes in the mid‐1950s. Since then, its use in the scientific field has continued to spread to different disciplines and aims. Despite this expansion, however, not set of indicators of the quality of Delphi studies has yet to be developed that might provide the reader—whether an expert in the technique or not—with some framework of reference whereby to gauge what credibility should be afforded to the results of the study. In this paper, following a thorough review of the literature on the criteria used to assess Delphi studies and the items of evaluation recommended for inclusion in Delphi reports, we determine what characteristics a quality evaluation indicator for this technique should have and propose a battery of indicators based on these characteristics, which should for preference be included in the final report of a Delphi study. The proposed indicators focus on three areas that are particularly relevant to the quality of Delphi research: the quality of the panel of participating experts, the way in which relevant information is obtained from the experts, and the quality of the interaction generated among the experts.

Influences of occupant preferences for living environments on household energy consumption: A case study of Indonesia

Generally, economic factors, demographic factors and home appliances are several known factors that directly influence the level of household energy consumption (HEC). But still, individual differences often remain among the households. This study aims to explore indirect factors affecting HEC in Indonesia, focusing especially on occupant preferences for their living environments. A nationwide online survey (n = 1629) was conducted between July and August 2021 to depict the preferences using the Evaluation Grid Method (EGM) at various scales, including behavioral, interior, building and neighborhood scales. A new EGM approach incorporating text mining methods was developed and demonstrated, which was able to draw the comprehensive overviews of the complex relationships between occupant psychology and the surrounding environment. In the survey, 400 respondents were randomly chosen for each of the four scales and 29 respondents participated in the following online interviews for all scales. The results of EGM were analyzed among different levels of HEC to find the specific psychological factors affecting their HEC levels. The extracted major Original Evaluation Items (OEIs) include “healthy lifestyle” in behavior (10.0 %), “wide place” in interior (3.6 %), “comfortable building” in building (6.4 %) and “cool air” in neighborhood (5.3 %), respectively. The axis of sociability-introvert was found to be a key factor affecting their HEC. Other key factors include the design preferences and leisure preferences. As such, the results revealed several differences in preferences and sense of values among respondents with various levels of HEC. These findings would help find a way to balance between economic growth and energy-saving objectives in the fast-developing countries such as Indonesia.

Predictors of Middle Meningeal Artery-Related Vascular Diseases Associated with Blunt Head Trauma

Traumatic middle meningeal artery (MMA)-middle meningeal vein (MMV) fistula (MMA-MMV fistula) and MMA pseudoaneurysm are the 2 main MMA-related vascular diseases occurring after blunt head trauma. These are rare but known causes of delayed intracranial hemorrhage. This study investigated predictors that may aid in the diagnosis of these diseases. In our department, screening digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is performed for patients with blunt head trauma accompanied by intracranial hemorrhage and skull or facial bone fracture. This study included 87 patients who underwent screening DSA without craniotomy from January 2019 to June 2023. The patients' clinical characteristics were retrospectively collected from the database. Statistical analysis was performed to examine the associations of various evaluation items with MMA-related vascular diseases. The first DSA examination revealed 34 MMA-MMV fistulas and 1 MMA pseudoaneurysm. The second follow-up DSA examination revealed 13 MMA-MMV fistulas and four MMA pseudoaneurysms. Temporal/parietal bone fracture (odds ratio, 5.33; P=0.0005; 95% confidence interval, 1.95-14.60) was significantly associated with MMA-related vascular diseases. Endovascular treatments were performed in 9 patients. All procedures were successfully completed without complications; no delayed bleeding was observed. Temporal/parietal bone fracture in patients with blunt head trauma is a likely predictor of MMA-related vascular diseases. When initial head computed tomography reveals this pathology, we recommend careful imaging follow-up (e.g., DSA) and treatment as needed, while considering the possibility of MMA-related vascular diseases.

A Comparative Study on the Sustainable Evaluation of DGNB and G-SEED Focusing on IEQ Enhancement

This paper aims to compare the sustainability assessment methods of DGNB and G-SEED, the two domestic green building rating systems, focusing on indoor environmental evaluation and reviewing recent laws, certifications systems, and guidelines from Germany and South Korea. According to existing studies, Korea’s green building certification has similar evaluation items, environmental (62.6%), social aspects (25.4%), and economic aspects (3.0%) compared with DGNB. Continuing research comparing DGNB and G-SEED, this paper will present an insight into the DGNB and G-SEED green building rating systems’ aspects and motives; furthermore, we intend to equate the sustainability assessment methods of the DGNB and G-SEED certification systems, in order to improve certification systems by comparing and finding solutions to differences, thereby making international systems more adaptable to each country. This analysis will unify property categorization systems and will promote green building and sustainable development globally. Findings: Regarding similarities and differences, the certification criteria for air, thermal, visual/light, and acoustic quality are based on domestic laws in both countries. DGNB and G-SEED are similar in terms of the requirements but differ in methods and domestic laws. Some findings regarding differences are that DGNB requires low VOC-emitting products, while G-SEED focuses on natural ventilation. Thermal comfort is measured through design-phase simulation in DGNB, while G-SEED lighting is evaluated on the basis of saving light energy. Finally, in G-SEED, acoustic quality is measured via indoor soundproofing performance, while DGNB takes room size into account.

A Comprehensive Review on Material Compatibility and Safety Standards for Liquid Hydrogen Cargo and Fuel Containment Systems in Marine Applications

As the maritime industry’s emphasis on sustainable fuels has increased, liquid hydrogen (LH2) has emerged as a promising alternative due to its high energy density and zero-emission characteristics. While the experience of using natural gas in ships can serve as a basis for the introduction of hydrogen, the different risks associated with the two fuels must also be considered. This review article provides a methodology for selecting suitable metal materials for shipboard LH2 storage and piping systems based on operational requirements. The effects of both liquid and gaseous hydrogen environments on metal materials are first comprehensively reviewed. The minimum requirements for metal materials in liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage systems, as stipulated in the IGC and IGF codes, were used as a baseline to establish minimum requirements for liquid hydrogen. The applicability of austenitic stainless steel, a representative metal material for cryogenic use, to a liquid hydrogen environment according to nickel content was examined. In order to apply liquid hydrogen to the marine environment, the minimum requirements for liquid hydrogen were organized based on the minimum requirements for metal materials in the LNG storage system covered by the IGC and IGF codes. Finally, to expand the material selection criteria for low-temperature cargo and fuel storage facilities at sea, slow strain tensile testing, fatigue life, and fracture toughness considering the hydrogen environment and cryogenic temperature were derived as evaluation items.

Treatment of multiple myeloma based on autologous stem cell transplant: An overview of systematic reviews.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell disease. In recent years, several systematic reviews, and meta-analyses have been published on treatment protocols, including autologous stem cell transplantation for MM. Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched to systematically summarize the quality of the methodology and evidence of meta-analyses regarding treatment of MM including autologous stem cell transplantation. Total 11 meta-analyses were included. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses evaluation revealed that the quality of included reviews was affected by possible unevaluated bias between studies and the lack of protocol and registration. The AMSTAR2 scale indicated that the quality of the methodology of included reviews ranged from very low to moderate. The grading, assessment, development, and evaluation of recommendations evaluation showed that among the included outcome indicators, most of them are of low quality. This overview suggested that the combination of drugs has improved patient survival rates, efficacy and safety compared with the standard regimen. However, the strength of the evidence is uneven and due to methodological errors, the results should be interpreted with caution in order to provide a reference for further improvement of the study design. The methodological quality of the relevant meta-analysis needs to be further improved.

Feasibility of Using Conservation Education Learning Devices for Class X High School Students

The curriculum in Indonesia has not yet implemented the conservation education model in learning, so there are no learning tools with the conservation education model in Indonesian schools, therefore it is necessary to carry out research regarding the preparation of conservation learning tools. This study aims to determine the feasibility of learning tools for conservation education in class X SMA. The research method used is RD using the ADDIE model which is limited to the development stage (analysis, design, development). The learning tools developed consisted of lesson plans, worksheets, power points, modules, and evaluation questions, then their feasibility was tested by being validated by five validators and analyzed using Aiken'S V to determine validity and ICC (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient) was used to determine reliability. The research instrument used was a validation sheet. The results showed that the validity value of the lesson plan was 0.89, the validity value of the worksheet was 0.86, the power point validity value was 0.88, the module validity value was 0.88, and the evaluation item validity value was 0.88 and all were included in the category of very high content validity. The results of lesson plan reliability were 0.933, LKPD reliability values were 0.937, power point reliability values were 0.898, module reliability values were 0.973, and evaluation item reliability values were 0.939 and all included in the very good category. It can be concluded that the conservation education learning tools for class X SMA are appropriate to use.

Risk evaluation for oil tanker berthing and handling operations using the improved DEMATEL-ISM approach

The berthing and handling operation of oil tankers is an important task in the operation of oil ports. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the risk factors in the process of the berthing and handling operation of oil tankers, to explore the relationship between the influencing factors of the risk, and to find out the key factors that incur risk. In this paper, the risk factors of oil tankers’ berthing and handling operations are identified through on-site investigation, interviews, questionnaire surveys and expert consultation. Aiming at the uncertainty of the weight of each risk index during oil tanker berthing and handling, a machine learning algorithm (i.e. Random Forest Weighting) is applied. In this sense, the reliability analysis is used to calculate the generalization error of expert scoring data, and the weight of each index of each evaluation item is obtained according to the minimum error rate, which reduces the impact of subjective weighting in the identification of cause-effect chain components. In order to examine the internal relationship among various factors, the Interpretive Structural Model (ISM) of risk factors is constructed. Furthermore, we analyse the hierarchical relationship between various factors, clarify the mechanism of risk generation, and propose strategies to improve the safety management level of oil tanker terminals. Results show that the used algorithm could identify the key risk factors in the risk oil tanker terminal operations, and provide more effective managerial recommendations.

Translated article] Analysis of the degree of implementation of medication error prevention practices in Spanish hospitals (2022)

ObjectiveTo assess the degree of implementation of medication error prevention practices in Spanish hospitals. MethodDescriptive multicenter study of the degree of implementation of the safety practices included in the “Medication use-system safety self-assessment for hospitals. Version. II”. Spanish hospitals that completed the questionnaire between October, 2021 and September, 2022 participated. The survey contains 265 items for evaluation grouped into 10 key elements. Mean score and mean percentages based on the maximum possible values for the overall survey, for the key elements, and for each individual item of evaluation were calculated. The results were compared with those of the previous 2011 study. ResultsA total of 131 hospitals from 15 autonomous regions participated in the study. The mean score of the overall questionnaire in all hospitals was 898.2 (57.4% of the maximum possible score). No differences were found according to dependency, size, or type of hospital, either in the overall questionnaire or in the key elements. The lowest values were found for key elements VIII, I and VI, on competence and training of health professionals in safety practices (45.1%), availability and accessibility of essential information on patients (48%), and devices for administering drugs (52.3%). With respect to 2011, significant increases were found both in the overall questionnaire and in the key elements, except V and VII, referring to standardization, storage, and distribution of medications, and environmental factors and human resources. Several evaluation items on the safe management of high-risk drugs, medication reconciliation, incorporation of clinical pharmacists into the healthcare teams, and implementation of technologies that allow full traceability throughout the medication system, showed low percentages. ConclusionsThere has been appreciable progress in the degree of implementation of some medication error prevention practices in Spanish hospitals, but many proven efficacy practices recommended by the World Health Organization and safety organizations are still poorly implemented. The information obtained can be useful for prioritizing the practices to be addressed and as a new baseline for monitoring progress.

Análisis del grado de implantación de las prácticas de prevención de errores de medicación en los hospitales españoles (2022)

ObjectiveTo assess the degree of implementation of medication error prevention practices in Spanish hospitals. MethodDescriptive multicenter study of the degree of implementation of the safety practices included in the "Medication use-system safety self-assessment for hospitals. Version. II". Spanish hospitals that completed the questionnaire between October/2021 and September/2022 participated. The survey contains 265 items for evaluation grouped into 10 key elements. Mean score and mean percentages based on the maximum possible values for the overall survey, for the key elements and for each individual item of evaluation were calculated. The results were compared with those of the previous 2011 study. ResultsA total of 131 hospitals from 15 autonomous regions participated in the study. The mean score of the overall questionnaire in all hospitals was 898.2 (57.4% of the maximum possible score). No differences were found according to dependency, size or type of hospital, either in the overall questionnaire or in the key elements. The lowest values were found for key elements 8, 1 and 6, on competence and training of health professionals in safety practices (45.1%), availability and accessibility of essential information on patients (48%), and devices for administering drugs (52.3%). With respect to 2011, significant increases were found both in the overall questionnaire and in the key elements, except 5 and 7, referring to standardization, storage and distribution of medications, and environmental factors and human resources. Several evaluation items on the safe management of high-risk drugs, medication reconciliation, incorporation of clinical pharmacists into the healthcare teams and implementation of technologies that allow full traceability throughout the medication system, showed low percentages ConclusionsThere has been appreciable progress in the degree of implementation of some medication error prevention practices in Spanish hospitals, but many proven efficacy practices recommended by the World Health Organization and safety organizations are still poorly implemented. The information obtained can be useful for prioritizing the practices to be addressed and as a new baseline for monitoring progress.

디지털 교통안전표지판의 사용성평가 지표 개발 연구

The aim of this study is to develop usability evaluation indicators to analyze factors that affect user convenience, such as easily recognizing intelligent vehicle speed warning systems for drivers and pedestrians passing through the pedestrian safety zones, understanding expressed information, and actively reducing speed. For empirical and scientific usability evaluation from a user's point of view, this research defines evaluation items and establishs 13 evaluation indicators and a survey questionnaire was designed for user survey evaluation through the expert Delphi analysis and detailed indicator evaluation. The usability evaluation indicator was categorized into Usefulness and Satisfaction, each derived into four evaluation areas, and the detailed evaluation items were derived into 3 Perceptibility, 5 Functionality, 2 Sensibility, and 3 Trust. The outcomes of this indicator analysis and development are anticipated to be useful as a universal evaluation criterion for the usability evaluation of smart traffic safety signs, and by improving the system interface based on this, it is expected to contribute to supporting citizens' pleasant walking environment and spreading awareness of safe driving in the future.

Evaluation of Liver Functionality after Liver Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) Using Blood Tests and Imaging Examinations

Several studies have shown that liver function can be evaluated after hepatic stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) using galactosyl human serum albumin (GSA) liver scintigraphy and Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, there are no reports investigating the relationship (including Chile-Pugh classification) between imaging and blood tests. Therefore, we investigated the changes that occur in the liver between before and after SBRT by combining imaging (GSA, computed tomography (CT), and MRI) with blood tests that assess total liver function (albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade, ICG-R15). We decided to find a method that could assess liver reserve capacity locally and globally MATERIALS/METHODS: Of the 23 patients who underwent hepatic SBRT, 12 patients underwent GSA, MRI, and ICG-R15 testing before treatment, 1 month after treatment, and 3 months after treatment. All patients underwent imaging studies and blood tests at the beginning of treatment, 1 month after treatment, and 3 months after treatment ended. The evaluation items were as follows: 1) changes over time in Child-Pugh classification, ICG-R15, and ALBI values before and after SBRT; 2) changes over time in GSA count and ICG; and 3) selection of the optimal sequence for recognizing radiation hepatitis on MRI. The ICG values were 14.4 before RT, 17.1 after 1 month, and 17.6 after 3 months. ICG worsened after 1 month of treatment, but was similar after 3 months. ALBI values were -2.61 before RT, -2.67 after 1 month, and -2.71 after 3 months. ALBl worsened slightly over time. Regarding the ICG-R15, there was an average worsening of 2.8 after 1 month of treatment compared with before SBRT, but only of 0.5 between 1 month and 3 months after SBRT. Therefore, evaluation using ICG-R15 after SBRT after 1 month alone may be sufficient.

Impact of Post-Mastectomy Radiotherapy on Cosmesis and Quality of Life after Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Breast Reconstruction: A Single Institution Experience

Immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) yields better cosmetic results and reduce psychological distress than delayed (DBR). Literature data showed better local cosmesis after reconstruction autologous flaps than prothesis. Our aim is to compare cosmetic results and quality of life (QoL) after PMRT delivered either after IBR or DBR with DIEP flap. We reviewed files of 99 patients (100 DIEPs) treated in our department from January 2000 to December 2019. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the treatment sequence: IBR (n = 22) versus DBR (n = 78) followed by PMRT. All the patients had their DIEP flap by the same surgical team. All patients had cosmetic evaluation using Harvard/RTOG cosmesis grading scale. Fifty percent (32 in IBR and 14 in DBR group) of the patients responded to the QoL evaluation using auto questionnaires and BREAST-Q to evaluate breast specific HRQoL and satisfaction. The analysis of cosmetic scores was carried out with a Chi2 test and the analysis of QoL scores with a student test. Kaplan Meier (log-rank test) is used for recurrence-free and overall survival. Median follow-up was 56 months. Median age of the patients was 48 (28-71). In terms of disease stage: T1-2 (52%), N0 (38%). 86% of the patients had chemotherapy either in neo-adjuvant (26%) or adjuvant (60%) settings. Radiation therapy (RT) delivered a total dose ranged between 45 Gy and 50 Gy using 1.8-2.5 Gy/per fraction. Supra-clavicular and internal mammary chain irradiation was performed in 67% and 33% of the patients respectively. After surgery, 15% had post-operative complications such as DIEP necrosis (n = 8) that delayed RT delivery. Among the 99 patients, 3 died from metastatic evolution and were not included in the cosmetic and QoL analyses. Local recurrence rate was slightly higher after DBR (12.5%) as compared to IBR (3.8%). Loco-regional and metastatic recurrence rates were 4.5% and 4.5% after IBR versus 1.3% and 9% after DBR (p = NS). Disease free and overall survival were 88% and 98% at 5y and 66% and 96% at 10y.Good-to-excellent results were observed in 57% in the IBR vs 67% in the DBR (p = 0.92). There was no impact of previous chemotherapy (p = 0.21), tobacco use at diagnosis (p = 0.27), diabetes (p = 0.86), RT timing (p = 0.53) and endocrine therapy administration (p = 0.67). QoL was evaluated with the BREAST-Q self-evaluation for 5 post operative items: psycho-social, physical, sexual well-being and satisfaction with breast and global cosmetic results. Out of the 99 patients, 46% had responded to the QoL evaluation. We found no statistical difference between the two groups for all the BREAST-Q evaluation items. Our center is considered expert for DIEP reconstructions since its development in end of the nineties. Our data showed no impact PMRT using conventional fractionation (with mainly 1.8 Gy/fraction) on cosmetic results, QoL, and patients' satisfaction regardless of the timing of the breast reconstruction. Additional studies are in progress with updates.

The Application of "Two-line and Six-stage" Teaching Mode in Teaching Human Anatomy in Nursing

Background: Human Anatomy always causes major hindrances to the learning of nursing students. We designed this study to observe the effectiveness of the "two-line and six-stage" (TLSS) teaching mode based on model making in teaching Human Anatomy in nursing. Methods: One class in the nursing major in Grade 20 was randomly selected as the control group, in which the traditional teaching mode was adopted; while, another class in the same major and grade was selected as the observation group, in which the TLSS teaching mode was adopted. After the course teaching was completed, these students in both groups were compared from the perspective of the final theoretical examination and physical specimen assessment. Besides, the evaluation of the teaching effectiveness of these students from both groups was also investigated. Results: The observation group outperformed the control group in both theoretical examination and physical specimen assessment, which was specifically manifested in six evaluation items, including the novelty of teaching methods, the elimination of the difficult points of the course, the mobilization of the learning enthusiasm, the interestingness of the course teaching, its effects on clinical thinking training, and the interpretation of the knowledge. Conclusion: The TLSS teaching mode based on model making can improve the effectiveness in teaching Human Anatomy

Factors associated with life-space mobility restriction in home-care older adults receiving home-visit rehabilitation: A cross-sectional multi-center study in Japan.

Life-space mobility (LSM) restriction is a serious issue among older adults using home-visit rehabilitation (HR). This study evaluated physical function, transportation, and other factors not comprehensively tested in previous studies and examined factors associated with the restriction of LSM among older adults using HR. This cross-sectional multi-center study recruited 88 HR users (49 men, 39 women, mean age 79.0 [±7.8] years) living in urban and rural areas from August to October 2020. We administered the Life-Space Assessment (LSA), the Self-Efficacy Scale on Going out among community-dwelling Elderly (SEGE), grip strength, a 30-s chair stand test, Bedside Mobility Scale, Functional Independence Measure, Frenchay Activities Index (FAI), Ikigai-9, and Home and Community Environment (HACE) test. Participants were divided into two groups based on the cut-off value of the LSA scores. In the logistic regression analysis, the dependent variable was LSA scores ≤30, and the independent variables were measured based on objective evaluation items and adjusted for confounding factors (age, sex, and frequency of use of day-care services). Restriction of LSM was significantly associated with FAI (odds ratio [OR] = 0.817, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.706-0.945), HACE facilitators (OR = 1.558, 95% CI = 1.168-2.079), and living alone (OR = 12.822, 95% CI = 1.202-136.716). Restriction of LSM is associated with environmental factors, such as assistive devices and household composition, and ability to engage in instrumental activities of daily living. Our findings indicate a great need for focusing on these factors among home-care older adults receiving HR. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; ••: ••-••.

Post-Occupancy Evaluation of Brownfield Reuse Based on Sustainable Development: The Case of Beijing Shougang Park

Industrial heritage parks, an effective form of urban brownfield reuse, effectively mitigate pollution, improve the human living environment, and achieve sustainable development; industrial heritage parks, which add blue and green space to a city, also play an important role in presenting urban history and culture, promoting regional economic growth, and achieving human well-being. Exploring the user behavior use of industrial heritage parks and conducting post-occupancy evaluation of projects based on subjective human perceptions from the users’ perspective can contribute to improve the sustainable management, maintenance, and design of projects in the future. However, previous studies on post-occupancy evaluation have not been sufficiently studied for urban industrial heritage parks. This study takes Beijing Shougang Park, a representative industrial heritage park in China, as the research object, and distributes and collects nearly 150 questionnaires about user behavior and four significant evaluation items after the preliminary field research, analyzes the importance and satisfaction evaluation of the park design elements (place characteristics, natural environment characteristics, usability characteristics, and management characteristics), and uses a frequency analysis, an IPA analysis, an independent t-test, an analysis of variance, and a multiple regression analysis, and other methods are used, to quantitatively analyze the content of the questionnaire. The results of the study include the following: (1) The park is mainly used by people in their twenties to thirties and forties, and the usage rate of the sports plaza, which is the main facility, is the highest, while the usage rate of the renovation facility, the machine room, is the lowest. (2) While Shougang Park users were more satisfied with the natural environment features, Shougang Park users were found to be relatively less satisfied with the place and usability features. (3) The natural environment characteristics of Shougang Park had a positive effect on both overall satisfaction and recommendation intention. Finally, based on the questions and suggestions from users, a park renewal optimization strategy is proposed, hoping to provide suggestions for the renovation and design of similar industrial heritage parks in Chinese cities.

The Revised American Occupational Therapy Association Fieldwork Performance Evaluations: Evaluation of Internal Structure, Response Processes, and Precision-Part 2.

There is an evidence-based need to assess the validity and reliability/precision of the revised American Occupational Therapy Association's Fieldwork Performance Evaluation (FWPE) items for the occupational therapy student (OTS) and the occupational therapy assistant student (OTAS). To evaluate evidence of validity in relation to response processes, internal structure, and precision of the FWPEs. Cross-sectional study design. OTS and OTAS fieldwork practice settings, United States. Two hundred sixty-seven fieldwork educators participated in total, providing 228 OTS evaluations and 39 OTAS evaluations. A Rasch model was used to evaluate aspects of validity and precision. The rating scales provided evidence of the tools' overall validity. Thirty-two of 37 items on the FWPE for the OTS, and 27 of 31 items on the FWPE for the OTAS demonstrated acceptable fit, but the evidence of unidimensionality in the subscales and in the total scales was not fully supported. The total/reduced FWPE scales were able to separate students into at least four distinct groups of fieldwork performance. The relationships between the current and revised FWPEs indicate that the new scales measure different but related constructs of student fieldwork performance, compared with the current version. The findings support that the revised FWPEs for the OTS and OTAS demonstrate preliminary evidence of internal structure, response processes, and precision, supporting evidence-based practice in fieldwork evaluations. What This Article Adds: This article highlights evidence demonstrating the validity and precision of the revised American Occupational Therapy Association's Fieldwork Performance Evaluation items and supports academic and fieldwork settings for occupational therapy students and occupational therapy assistant students.

재건축 안전진단 제도 개선 방안 연구

Reconstruction contributes to improving the quality of life of residents by creating an aging, unstable and poor residential environment into a safe and pleasant residential environment, and is also an important means of realizing basic constitutional rights such as people's right to pursue happiness, property rights, and housing freedom. However, the reconstruction project is causing a lot of confusion to the housing market and the people as related laws and systems repeatedly regulate and ease due to the ups and downs of the housing market and regime change.
 Accordingly, this study attempted to investigate and analyze legislative system improvement efforts raised by the National Assembly on the “Safety Diagnosis Standards for Housing Reconstruction” announced by the government and derive reasonable system improvement measures through Delphi, experts related to safety diagnosis. Based on this process, I would like to propose a plan to improve the current housing reconstruction safety diagnosis system.
 First, the authority to determine safety diagnosis, including the composition and ratio of each item of the safety diagnosis evaluation criteria, should be delegated to the head of the metropolitan government. Critics say that the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport does not reflect the characteristics of the region and hinders the smooth promotion of reconstruction projects by setting safety diagnosis standards uniformly and uniformly in different situations. Therefore, it is necessary to delegate the authority to decide on safety diagnosis standards to the heads of metropolitan local governments.
 Second, Article 2, Subparagraph 3 (b) of the current Urban Improvement Act defines “significant functional defects among buildings that have not secured seismic performance” as old-age defective buildings. However, whether or not seismic design is reflected in the structural safety evaluation item is omitted. Structural safety assessment items should include whether seismic design is reflected.
 Third, although geological conditions and ground conditions have a very significant impact on the structural safety of buildings, geological conditions and ground conditions are omitted from the structural stability evaluation items. The omission of these important evaluation factors is a factor that degrades the validity and reliability of the safety diagnosis evaluation results.
 Fourth, the use of asbestos building materials should be reflected in the safety diagnosis evaluation items. When inhaled into the human body, asbestos, a first-class carcinogen designated by the World Health Organization, causes fatal diseases such as asbestos lung disease, lung cancer, and malignant mesothelioma. Therefore, in Korea, the Asbestos Safety Management Act has been enacted to thoroughly manage asbestos exposure contained in buildings so that it does not damage public health.
 Fifth, it is necessary for local governments to support certain costs incurred by conducting safety diagnosis for housing reconstruction. However, some say that local governments should not invest in projects to rebuild private property, but the reconstruction project improves the residential environment of owners, such as local land, while creating public benefits such as roads, parks, community facilities, and public rental housing. It is currently supported by some local governments.

재건축 안전진단 주거환경평가의 객관성 제고 방안 연구

Recently, major reconstruction complexes are accelerating their project progress as they have passed the long-awaited safety inspections due to the government's deregulation. As the ‘safety inspections’ regulation, which was an obstacle to the promotion of reconstruction projects, has been relaxed, more and more complexes are taking advantage of this opportunity to participate in reconstruction.
 The government came up with a plan to rationalize the safety inspections because the number of complexes that passed the safety inspections based on strict evaluation criteria decreased rapidly, reducing the supply of quality housing in the city center and deteriorating the residential environment. In particular, even if there are no serious problems with structural safety, reconstruction can be promoted in complexes with poor living conditions, such as insufficient parking spaces or excessive noise between floors.
 However, in order to improve the objectivity of the recently announced government reconstruction rationalization plan, the detailed fact-finding survey and quantitative evaluation items should be supplemented in the 'residential environment evaluation', in which the weight distribution was raised from 15% to 30%. In the case of conditional reconstruction through this, it is expected that there will be no room for controversy in the future.
 Based on this, 'revitalization of the reconstruction project' is expected, and at the same time, the government needs to strengthen education and consulting and conduct a fact-finding inspection to prevent indiscriminate safety inspections under the responsibility of private companies. In particular, it is expected that it will help private organizations improve their technical skills and reduce insolvency diagnoses through explanation of reconstruction safety inspection manuals and education that spreads cases of poor diagnosis for items with a high proportion of subjective evaluation items such as residential environment evaluation.

작전운용성능 수정 원인 분석과 진화적 획득 평가항목지표 개발 연구

작전운용성능 수정 원인 분석과 진화적 획득 평가항목지표 개발 연구