European Master Research Articles

Translation Competence and Market-oriented Translator Training in a Globalized World

Higher Education translator training programs have to keep in pace with market changes and students’ expectation in a globalized world. Based on (European Master’s in Translation)EMT’s competence framework and European Union’s EN 15038 classifications of translator competences, this study is to propose a specialized translators’ training mode, which can be designed and implemented in a learner-centered and market-oriented curriculum. Provided in this paper is the detailed illustrations of the procedures for the related translation process and teaching focus to tap students’ self-management potentials, and encourage group work and use of technical tools. This study aims to contribute to the improvement of the pedagogy in translator training by suggesting the procedures or strategies in translator training, and by serving as a reference source for future training programs.

Picturesque drawings by Alexander and Valery Traugot as phenomenon of the Leningrad book graphics

The article is devoted to the analysis of characteristic features of a creative method of brothers Alexander and Valery Traugot which has revealed in an illustration of the children’s fairy tale. The author in detail considers such aspects of a subject as, an influence of creativity of parents of artists — Georgiy Traugot and Vera Yanova, and also a number of the Western European masters, on the formation of individual Traugots style. Particular attention is paid to the role of color and line in creating the composition of the picture, their interaction and opposition, the combination of various artistic techniques. In this article, for the first time, an attempt is made to disclose the specifics of the creative interpretation of fairy tales and ways of visualizing intertext in the drawings of the brothers Traugot.

“Lexicographers of all countries, unite!” About the common semester of the European Master in Lexicography (EMLex) in Nancy

“Lexicographers of all countries, unite!” About the common semester of the European Master in Lexicography (EMLex) in Nancy

Survey of the Current Activities in the Field of Modeling the Space Debris Environment at TU Braunschweig

The Institute of Space Systems at Technische Universität Braunschweig has long-term experience in the field of space debris modeling. This article reviews the current state of ongoing research in this area. Extensive activities are currently underway to update the European space debris model MASTER. In addition to updating the historical population, the future evolution of the space debris environment is also being investigated. The competencies developed within these activities are used to address current problems with regard to the possibility of an increasing number of catastrophic collisions. Related research areas include, for example, research in the field of orbit determination and the simulation of sensor systems for the acquisition and cataloging of orbital objects. In particular, the ability to provide simulated measurement data for object populations in almost all size ranges is an important prerequisite for these investigations. Some selected results on the distribution of space debris on Earth orbit are presented in terms of spatial density. Furthermore, specific fragmentation events will be discussed.

Training and Employability: What are the LSPs looking for and what can the graduates offer?

Training and employability are two terms that frequently appear in the speeches in those in charge of designing educational policies as well as in reports of economics or market trends. Training is necessary for integration into the job market. The aim of this article is to provide data extracted from several studies on university–language service providers (LSPs) relations in the European Union (EU) for the period 2010–2017. The EU Directorate-General for Translation through the European Master’s in Translation network (EMT network) and European Union of Associations of Translation Companies developed those studies. The first and last studies focused on LSPs’ companies while the second offers information on graduates and their training. The results obtained can be summed up as follows: what are employers looking for and what can the graduates offer? and indicate that translator education and training is a shared responsibility of universities and LSP in a highly competitive market. Keywords: Optimale, European master’s in translation (EMT) network, training, labour market, language service providers(LSPs), translation.

White Book on Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) in Europe. Chapter 10. Science and research in PRM: specificities and challenges.

In the context of the White Book of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM), this paper deals with Research, the future of PRM. PRM students and specialists are mainly involved in biomedical research, investigating the biological processes, the causes of diseases, their medical diagnosis, the evaluation of their consequences on functioning, disability and health and the effects of health interventions at an individual and a societal level. Most of the current PRM research, often interdisciplinary, originates from applied research which, using existing knowledge, is directed towards specific goals. Translational medical research, research and development, implementation research and clinical impact research are in this field. PRM physicians, mainly master or PhD students, are nowadays increasing their participation in basic research and in pre-clinical trials. PRM physicians are involved in primary research, which is an original first hand research, but also in secondary research, which is the analysis and interpretation of primary research publications in a field, with a specific methodology. Secondary research remains an important activity of the UEMS PRM section and it will be the field of the new created Cochrane Rehabilitation. Secondary research with interest for persons with disabilities, will be developed world wide on the basis of evidence based medicine, with the participation of PRM physicians and of all other health and social professionals involved in rehabilitation. The development of research activities with interest for PRM in Europe is a challenge for the future, which has to be faced now. The European PRM schools, the European master and PhD program with their supporting research and clinical facilities, the European PRM organizations with their websites, the PRM scientific journals and European congresses are a strong basis to develop research activities, together with the development of Cochrane Rehabilitation field and of our cooperation with European high level research facilities, European and international scientific societies in different fields. PRM will be a leader in this field of research.

The Sinking of the Vasa: A Shipwreck of Titanic Proportions by Russell Freedman

Reviewed by: The Sinking of the Vasa: A Shipwreck of Titanic Proportions by Russell Freedman Elizabeth Bush Freedman, Russell The Sinking of the Vasa: A Shipwreck of Titanic Proportions; illus. by William Low. Godwin/Holt, 2018 [34p] ISBN 978-1-62779-866-2 $18.99 Reviewed from galleys Ad Gr. 3-6 Swedish King Gustav II Adolph was fighting a war in Prussia in 1628 when his newly constructed warship Vasa heeled over in a light breeze and sank less than a mile from its launching place before the eyes of a large crowd of well-wishers; it was carrying not only crew but also many of their wives and children along for a short leg of the maiden voyage. Even before the king could receive the report and unleash his outrage, an investigation was underway to pin the blame for this national embarrassment. When it became clear that the king had approved the design for a ship topheavy with masts and sails and overburdened with cannons, the matter was dropped without a formal conclusion. This dark chapter turned into a cause for national pride, however, when in the mid twentieth century the ship was raised, preserved, reconstructed, and turned into Sweden’s most visited museum. Freedman is regrettably stingy on details, assigning no timeframe for early efforts to salvage the ship and no indication of the number of lives lost and saved. Likewise, Low’s illustrations, which recall the painterly style of Northern European masters, don’t fully match the text in describing the cradle of cables that secured the Vasa as she was lifted. It’s an interesting tale nonetheless, calculated to pique the interest of maritime disaster fans, and a list of sources will lead readers to accessible information at the stellar Vasa Museum website. [End Page 470] Copyright © 2018 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Источники по титульной геральдике Московского царства XVI – первой половины XVII в.

The article is devoted to the analysis of sources containing information on the land heraldry of the Tsardom of Moscovy, which reflected territorial title of the Russian rulers. The historiography usually mentions 5–6 artefacts and pictorial sources with images of such coats of arms. In fact, the complex of these sources can be significantly expanded. The author has managed to collect information about ten artefacts, two visual and four written sources, which allow to follow the evolution of the title heraldry in pre-Petrine Russia starting from the 16th century. Furthermore, two seals descriptions containing information about land coats of arms remain unpublished. The analysis of sources leads to the following conclusions. The beginning of the Russian title heraldry dates back to the reign of Ivan the Terrible. It was probably connected with refining of his territorial titles after the Livonian War. The Great Seal of Ivan the Terrible (late 1570s) has a set of title seals with images, most of them quite simple. These emblems reflect mainly natural or economic features of specific lands. Some emblems are purely symbolic, some borrow directly from Western European heraldry. These title emblems (called seals prior to the 18th century) continued up to the Romanovs’ reign. For instance, the front of the seal of Ivan the Terrible became a source for title emblems reproduced on the armor of Pseudo-Demetrius I, which was made by Western European masters. They probably took their cue from an imprint of the front side of the seal sent with the order. Emblems from the reverse side of the seal were not reproduced on the armor. Under Mikhail Fyodorovich (apparently, in late 1620s) the complex of title emblems underwent its first significant transformation. Some emblems continued to the end of the 16th century, some were formed anew. The new system of title emblems translated into a description of seals made after the Moscow fire of 1626. This document is also yet unpublished. The reform of the title seals may have been associated with making of a new complex of royal regalia in late 1620s. The new seals appeared in the composition of the cover for tsar’s saadak (quiver), which, apparently, was made at the same time.

Aplicaciones a la enseñanza de la traducción del Mínimo paremiológico del portugués

El Mínimo paremiológico del portugués forma parte de un proyecto global de investigación sobre paremiología multilingüe cuyo objetivo es elaborar un corpus con las paremias más usadas y reconocidas actualmente por los hablantes nativos de los países que tienen el portugués como lengua oficial. Entre las aplicaciones didácticas del mínimo paremiológico, destaca su utilidad para la enseñanza de la lengua y de la traducción. En este artículo proponemos algunos ejercicios relacionados con las estrategias y técnicas de traducción de paremias en la combinación lingüística portugués-español, para ser desarrollados a partir del mínimo paremiológico de la lengua portuguesa. Para ello seguimos como base metodológica las fases del proceso de traducción de unidades fraseológicas propuestas por Corpas Pastor (2003) y el modelo de competencia traductora del European Master’s in Translation (EMT) de la Dirección General de Traducción de la Comisión Europea (2009).

EMT FRAMEWORK PROPAGATING BEYOND ITS BORDERS: THE CONGRUENCE WITH NON-EUROPEAN PROFESSIONAL TRANSLATORS’ NEEDS

Intercultural communication has escalated social demand for translator training programs which has led to attempts to provide a proper educational basis for translator training. There is also a general agreement among scholars that there should be reconciliation between training and the actual translation world and the market. The EMT (European Master's in Translation) Competences Framework is the most comprehensive framework and is an improvement to previous models focusing on practice-oriented dimensions. However, this framework has been developed based primarily on the requirements of European professional translators. This study was conducted to look into the compatibility of the EMT framework with the needs of non-European professional translators. To this end, a total number of 177 participants from 34 nationalities and 21 languages participated in a questionnaire survey that explored the compatibility of the EMT framework competences with the needs of non-European professional translators. The results indicated that the most compatible components with non-European professional translators are the language, thematic, intercultural, translation service provision, information mining, and technological competences. The results obtained can provide insight for translator training program planners.

Endangered Scholars Worldwide

Endangered Scholars Worldwide Ebby Abramson and Dolunay Bulut The information in this quarterly print report is current as of December 5, 2017. The situation of scholars and students around the world changes on a daily basis. For the most up-to-date information and ways in which you can be involved in calling for the freedom of endangered scholars and students, please visit us online at www.endangeredscholarsworldwide.net or follow us at www.facebook.com/endangeredscholars. In these pages we introduce new cases that have come to our attention over the past three months and provide basic information about continuing cases—a description of charges and potential or actual reported sentences. If you are aware of a scholar or student whose case you believe we should investigate, please contact us at esw@newschool.edu. PETITION TO IRAN TO OVERTURN PROFESSOR AHMADREZA DJALALI'S DEATH SENTENCE We the undersigned are compelled to express our outrage at the arrest, conviction, and sentencing of Iranian professor Ahmadreza Djalali, who has been detained since April 2016 by the Islamic Republic of Iran. He was accused of espionage and, following a closed trial, sentenced to death on October 20, 2017. The 45-year-old professor, who taught at the European Master in Disaster Medicine (EMDM) in Italy—a joint master's program of the Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale and the Vrije Universiteit Brussel—was arrested in April 2016 in Tehran on charges of "collaboration with a hostile government" while he was visiting his family. Djalali was later accused of providing information to Israel to help it assassinate several senior nuclear scientists. Amnesty International reports [End Page v] that Djalali's lawyers were told on Saturday, December 9, 2017, that the Supreme Court had considered his case and upheld his October 24 sentence in a secret process without allowing them to file defense submissions. We at Endangered Scholars Worldwide and the undersigned consider this arbitrary sentence a flagrant and unjust violation of the freedom, security, and safety of an academic who is clearly a victim of a political witch hunt—arrested without cause, held for months in solitary confinement and without access to a lawyer, and subjected to physical mistreatment and psychological abuse. Endangered Scholars Worldwide and the undersigned deplore this unjustified verdict in the strongest terms and ask all international organizations, academic and professional associations, and other groups and individuals devoted to the promotion and defense of human rights, to strongly protest and condemn this arbitrary sentence, to call for Professor Djalali's immediate and unconditional release, and to urge the officials of the Iranian government to respect, guarantee, and implement the provisions and principles of human rights as specified in international conventions and treaties. Signed: Talal Asad, Etienne R. Balibar, Jose Casanova, Nancy Fraser, Ira Katznelson, Janos Kis, Arien Mack, Steven Pinker, and more than 100 others from Belgium, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, and the United States. Please add your signature at: https://tinyurl.com/esw-djalali-petition. NEW AND CONTINUING CASES BAHRAIN Scholars and Researchers: abdul-jalil al-singace, the former head of the department of engineering at the University of Bahrain, has been in Jau [End Page vi] prison since 2011 on a life sentence for allegedly "plotting to overthrow the government" during the Arab Spring protests. Al-Singace, who has long campaigned for political reform and an end to torture, was himself tortured at the time of his detention. Recent reports suggest that he has repeatedly been denied medical treatment as he refused to wear the prison uniform and handcuffs. ESW calls for Dr. Abduljalil Al-Singace to be granted access to all necessary medical care as a matter of urgency, and continues to call for his immediate and unconditional release, as well as all those detained in Bahrain in violation of Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, to which Bahrain is a state party. Students: ali mohamed hakeem al-arab, 23, was arrested on February 9, 2017. On March 7, he was moved to Dry Dock Prison. Ali al-Arab has allegedly been tortured during interrogation, including having his toenails pulled off, given electric shocks, and beaten...

Synchrotron-Based High Angle Resolution and High Lateral Resolution X-ray Diffraction: Revealing Lead White Pigment Qualities in Old Masters Paintings.

Microsamples collected on 27 major paintings by Old European Masters dating from the 14th to the late 19th centuries were analyzed using synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction. Two complementary analytical configurations were used at beamlines ID22 (high angle resolution) and ID21 (high lateral resolution), in order to highlight markers of the different grades of the lead white pigments (mixture of cerussite PbCO3 and hydrocerussite Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2). Rietveld analysis and crystalline phases mapping at the microscale revealed the composition and microstructure of the pigments, shedding light on the preparation recipes and pigment choices of the artists through History.

Hugh Ramsay’s Self-Portrait: Re ections on a Spanish Master Painter

The interest in European masters from the past was a phenomenon related to the development of the artistic careers of many artists in Australia at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth century. More than that, the copying or emulation of great works of art was seen to be a necessary part of an artist’s training1. This paper looks at Hugh Ramsay and his fascination with the painting Las Meninas (1656) by Velázquez as part of a larger study into understanding how the Spanish in uence was re ected in Australian art. Ramsay introduced elements from Las Meninas into his Portrait of the artist standing before easel, which took him to personify the role of the painter as Velázquez.

Values in tourism higher education: The European master in tourism management

Values in tourism higher education: The European master in tourism management

Risk Analysis of the Future Implementation of a Safety Management System for Multiple RPAS Based on First Demonstration Flights

The modern aeronautical scenario has welcomed the massive diffusion of new key elements, including the Remote Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS), initially used for military purposes only. The current decade has seen RPAS ready to become a new airspace user in a large variety of civilian applications. Although RPAS can currently only be flown into segregated airspaces, due to national and international Flight Aviation Authorities′ (FAAs) constraints, they represent a remarkable potential growth in terms of development and economic investments for aviation. Full RPAS development will only happen when flight into non-segregated airspaces is authorized, as for manned civil and military aircraft. The preliminary requirement for disclosing the airspace to RPAS is the implementation of an ad hoc Safety Management System (SMS), as prescribed by ICAO, for every aeronautical operator. This issue arises in the context of the ongoing restructuring of airspaces management, according to SESAR-JU in Europe and NextGen in the USA (SESAR-JU has defined how RPAS research should be conducted in SESAR 2020, all in accordance with the 2015 European ATM Master Plan). This paper provides the basis to implement a risk model and general procedures/methodologies to investigate RPAS safety, according to the operational scenarios defined by EASA (European Aviation Safety Agency). The study is based on results achieved by multiple-RPAS experimental flights, performed within the RAID (RPAS-ATM Integration Demonstration) project.

The European Graduate Placement Scheme: an integrated approach to preparing Master’s in Translation graduates for employment

ABSTRACTA number of initiatives have sought to better prepare Master’s in Translation graduates for employment in the language industry: from the European Master’s in Translation network and Optimale to schemes offering internships such as ELIA Exchange, Agora and the European Graduate Placement Scheme (EGPS), the subject of this paper. Traditionally, internships have complemented work in the classroom by adding practice to theory. EGPS instead takes an integrated approach to the curriculum, with theory and practice in both classroom and workplace. Students move from basic instruction to authentic projects in the classroom, leading naturally into a work placement which, supported by occupational standards for translation, incorporates self-reflection and prepares for lifelong learning. The benefits of the scheme for universities, employers and students have been evaluated through questionnaires, interviews and case studies, and much has been learned. It was expected that the database of work placements would attract the most attention from universities. In fact, there has been almost equal interest and debate over the curriculum model, which different universities are adapting to suit their needs. Originally developed by a partnership of five institutions, EGPS now has 40 member universities and over 60 employers. The scheme has led to a range of useful spin-offs and recommendations.

Application of LSP texts in translator training

The paper presents discussion of the results of extensive empirical research into efficient methods of educating and training translators of LSP (language for special purposes) texts. The methodology is based on using popular LSP texts in the respective fields as one of the main media for translator training. The aim of the paper is to investigate the efficiency of this methodology in developing thematic, linguistic and cultural competences of the students, following Bloom’s revised taxonomy and European Master in Translation Network (EMT) translator training competences. The methodology has been tested on the students of a professional Master study programme called Technical Translation implemented by the Institute of Applied Linguistics, Riga Technical University, Latvia. The group of students included representatives of different nationalities, translating from English into Latvian, Russian and French. Analysis of popular LSP texts provides an opportunity to structure student background knowledge and expand it to account for linguistic innovation. Application of popular LSP texts instead of purely technical or scientific texts characterised by neutral style and rigid genre conventions provides an opportunity for student translators to develop advanced text processing and decoding skills, to develop awareness of expressive resources of the source and target languages and to develop understanding of socio-pragmatic language use.

Muscular viscoelastic characteristics of athletes participating in the European Master Indoor Athletics Championship.

To investigate how the viscoelastic characteristics of muscles (non-neural tone, elasticity and stiffness) vary as a function of age and gender in a sample of track and field master athletes. To compare these findings with data on related sedentary subjects in literature. A total of 390 athletes (aged 35-99) were assessed during the European Master Athletics Indoor Championship 2016. A non-invasive measurement device called MyotonPro was used to measure tone, stiffness, and elasticity in the biceps brachii and rectus femoris muscles at rest. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the correlation between age and the measured parameters. To compare our results with previously reported data, we stratified participants according to gender and age. Tone was found to not be dependent on age, whereas stiffness was found to be age dependent. Elasticity was found to be both physical activity and age dependent. Tone (only for men), elasticity, and stiffness were lower in master athletes than in sedentary subjects. Tone, elasticity, and stiffness change with aging; nevertheless, our findings suggest that physical activity can delay the effects of muscular aging, improving fitness in older people.

Higher protein intake is associated with improved muscle strength in elite senior athletes.

The optimal protein intake for elderly individuals who exercise regularly has not yet been clearly defined. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that protein intake level is associated with muscle strength in elderly elite athletes. We evaluated 50 elite senior athletes (38 men and 12 women) participating in the European Master Games 2011 in an observational cross-sectional study. Participants were divided into two groups-lower (LPI) or higher (HPI) protein intake-according to the median value of their ratio of urinary urea nitrogen to urinary creatinine (i.e., 8.8g/L), as a marker of protein intake. A dietary interview confirmed differences in protein consumption between the LPI and HPI groups. We also evaluated body composition (bioimpedance), muscle strength, and hematochemical indices. LPI and HPI groups were homogeneous for age (72 [68-74] and 71 [68-74] y, respectively), fat-free mass index (18.4 [17-19.4] and 18.2 [17-19.1] kg/m2), body fat (18.3% [12.3-20.7%] and 16.6% [13.6-21.2%]), and glomerular filtration rate (57.7 [53.8-64.9] and 62.7 [56.1-69.3] mL/min/1.73m2). The HPI group showed greater leg and trunk muscle strength (N) compared with the LPI group (left leg extension, 339 [238-369] versus 454 [273-561], respectively, P<0.05; right leg extension, 319 [249-417] versus 432 [334-635], P≤0.05; trunk extension, 435 [370-467] versus 464 [390-568], P≤0.05). Higher protein intake in elite senior athletes is associated with a greater muscle strength.

Process safety education and training academic education as a foundation for other process safety initiatives on education

Commitment to process safety is fundamental to the process industry. Governance, promotion, and participation in academic and related educational programs are testament to the industry's commitment and stakeholder reach. Process safety education and training is a very broad topic. Industry‐academic collaboration is essential when developing high level education and training on process safety. This article looks at the development of educational and training programmes for students in Advanced Master programmes in the European master network and for experienced industry workers. The Advanced Master Safety Engineering developed at the University has a proven track record in realizing the intended learning outcomes along with a high level of academic and professional orientation as well as international orientation. The results related to the learning outcomes are very satisfying, which implies that there is a good relationship between the intended learning outcomes, the programme and the evaluation tests. The associated Advanced Master Class on process safety has a very satisfying overall trainee satisfaction (Level 1) and learning gains (Level 2) evaluation in the Kirkpatrick's Model. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 36: 414–421, 2017