European Labour Market Research Articles

Active labour market policies response to Ukrainian citizens entering the European Union’s labour market

The article contains a thorough analysis of the European active labour market policies in the face of the influx of Ukrainians following the outbreak of the Russia’s full-scale aggression against Ukraine. An overview of the temporary protection regulations for Ukrainians adopted by the EU states made it possible to determine the conditions of legal residence and labour market access. Statistical data and surveys conducted by international institutions became the basis for identification the Ukrainian refugee’s profile on the EU labour market. Thus, the vast majority of Ukrainian citizens staying in EU states are women with higher-than-average educational level; good or high proficiency in English; who used to work before the war with a non-negligible share in the health and education sectors; and who often work below their qualification. In addition, an analytical comparison was undertaken to highlight the image of migrants who came to Poland before February 24, 2022 and that of war refugees who have arrived following the outbreak of the war in Ukraine. Acceptance of Ukrainians by Poles, remarkable similarities between countries in terms of culture, favourable access to the labour market and healthcare are of the utmost significance for both economic migrants and war refugees.

폴란드의 유럽연합 가입 10년 결산 연구

On May 1, 2014, 10 years have passed since Poland joined the European Union. In 2004 Poland joined the European Union as one of the poorest countries in Europe. Among them, serious problems in the labor market, such as extreme unemployment, were also included. The purpose of this paper is to compare and analyze the situation at the time of the first 10 years of joining and present the results, after examining the state of Poland’s economy and its weaknesses at the time of joining to the European Union. It will also be able to look at the losses incurred by joining to the European Union along with the gains it has brought. These include matters such as - the financial impact of becoming a membership, the consequences of the European Union’s participation in the Common Regional Policy and the New Cohesion Policy, the economic development of trade within the scope of the Single European Market, and the trends of Polish migration abroad to the Western European labor market.

Do education and the labor market speak the same language?

Abstract This paper addresses the need for terminology convergence and the systematic use of up-to-date descriptors and concepts in the European higher education and labor market environments. Rapid developments in the language industry are remodelling the translation profession in particular and generating new processes, new training needs and, therefore, a new skills demand. Changing market expectations, cross-occupational mobility and multifaceted professional profiles in the translation industry claim to exploit the full potential of standard and multilingual taxonomies like ESCO – the European Classification of Skills, Competences, Qualifications and Occupations. This research draws on the European Master’s in Translation (EMT) competence framework for 2018–2024 to perform a descriptive analysis of the English and Spanish entries for the occupation of “translator” in ESCO’s latest 2020 version. Findings suggest that ESCO’s content could be aligned with the professionally oriented EMT framework to overcome shortcomings in representing translators’ identity and present the reality of the translation market, while matching its content more accurately to the most relevant skills and competences generally developed in current translator training programs.

Don’t Stop Me Now: Cross-Border Commuting in the Aftermath of Schengen

Abstract A Single European Labour Market has not been achieved yet, despite strong efforts in promoting cross-country labour mobility. In this paper, we assess the effectiveness of one of the most important policies implemented to reach this goal: the Schengen Agreement. Using data from the European Labour Force Survey, we show that the individual probability to become a cross-border commuter after the entrance of Switzerland in the Schengen area increased by 0.5 and 4 percentage points among labour force individuals and inter-regional commuters, respectively. We also show evidence of a substantial redirection of internal inter-regional commuters to Swiss regions.

Green Skills in the European Labour Markets

This paper aims at exploring the significance of green skills in the European labour market, highlighting their importance for workers in various occupations and fields of the European economy. The European labour market has undergone several significant changes over the past decade as a result of the increased demand for sustainable practices and the need for a green transition. New strategies and policies have lavishly evolved to address the challenges related to climate change and environmental decay. The concept of green skills has thus emerged, referring to the skills, knowledge and competences required for working in a sustainable and environmentally friendly way. In this context, this paper analyses specific aspects of the economic, environmental, and social impact of green skills from the point of view of an increasing demand for green skills in various occupations. It finally examines the benefits of having a well-trained workforce equipped with green skills as well as the level of responsiveness for certain EU member states towards the need to address existential challenges of the green transition.

Unleashing sustainable recovery and development: analyzing European countries' labor market experience

The study analyzes the labor market experience of European countries and evaluates the impact of unemployment rates, in-demand professions, and social packages on sustainable economic recovery. The authors use correlation-regression analysis and time-series analysis with Eviews 4.0 software package to identify trends and patterns in large amounts of data. The article's findings provide valuable insights into the labor market experience of European countries and can aid policymakers in developing sustainable policies and strategies for economic recovery, which can positively impact the European region. The economic impact of the article is significant, as it thoroughly analyzes European countries' labor market experience and evaluates the effects of various factors on sustainable economic recovery. By identifying the essential components of the labor market's structure and determining their impact on GDP, the article's findings can aid policymakers in developing sustainable policies and strategies for economic recovery, ultimately positively impacting the European region. The regional impact of the article is also noteworthy, as it focuses specifically on European countries' labor market experience, making it particularly relevant to the region. By comparing individual European countries'. Positive and negative market features and providing comparative characteristics of labor market stakeholders, the article offers insights into the regional impact of the labor market on economic recovery. The article's evaluation of the impact of unemployment rates, in-demand professions, and social packages on sustainable economic recovery has social implications. The article suggests that policies and strategies prioritizing employment opportunities and supporting social packages can lead to sustainable economic recovery, ultimately benefiting individuals and society.

TRENDS IN JOB CREATION IN EUROPE

The main purpose of this paper is to identify new job creation in Europe and analyzes different findings from literature sources about trends that are currently more active.With work, we can refer to an activity that is carried out by one or more people voluntarily to achieve payment. And by work trend, we refer to that type of work which has gained a greater expansion and is being worked on more in the European market, not every time it is meant that that work is paid more but that it is simply being demanded more by companies, businesses, institutions private or public.The methodology used for this paper is a literature review of the latest research and data about job creation in Europe. The labor market in Europe recently started to change a lot, especially during and after the pandemic, thus enabling great growth in the technology sector. Considering that new technologies are constantly coming into this stream, new opportunities are also being made possible. But not always with good results, as Al technology is predicted to replace thousands of workforces in the future. The strongest growth of jobs is predicted in professional, scientific, and services technical, as well as in human health and social work, while the biggest drop can happen in production. Technology has and will continue to create new jobs, recently we can often see calls for training for web developer, application developers, media managers, influencers, etc.Therefore, from this research review, we concluded that the main driver of job creation in Europe has been the service sector, which accounts for almost 80% of total employment in the EU. In recent years, the demand for highly skilled workers has increased, mainly due to the increased demand for ICT and other technology related skills. Additionally, the digitization of manufacturing has led to a demand for workers with technological skills in the manufacturing sector. From all mentioned above it would be highly recommended that the European labor market be more careful about the future steps and invest in the right paths for better development in the future, such as pieces of training, education, diversity, and also on the latest technology trends.

Employability management in adult education and training

Romania's new Higher Education Law from 2023 aims to increase the number of graduates of adult training programs. The law also introduces the international standard for education and international standards for professional training of adults, while Romania's system of education and professional training is in line with the requirements of the labor market. As far as the equivalence of the study programs is concerned, we can no longer say that this criterion is also met because until this law was passed, we would not have implemented ISCED, but we have the fields of studies promoted by the Government Decision, that is impossible to be assimilated internationally. We have over 6,000 bachelor and master programs related to about 1,500 occupations in the Classification of Occupations from Romania (COR) and the classification of European Skills, Competences and Occupations (ESCO), which is unimaginable in European countries. More than half of these should be at most postgraduate programs for adults. Study programs remain a problem in equating studies, especially in the technical field, except for European regulated professions and IT where the equating is automatic. Passing post-graduate professional training for adults on either occupational or qualification standards will largely solve this impasse in the next five/six years. It makes sense to analyze employability as we have done here in case of increased mobility of Romanian qualified workforce on the European labor market, but according to the signed accession treaty, it must be understood that this does not come automatically, but as we have seen there are certain obligations and commitments of the Member State, conditions to be ensured so that it is as easy as possible for the graduate to be employed at the level held and the graduated field of study.

Non-cognitive skills and immigrant-native inequalities in the labor market in Europe

Non-cognitive skills are increasingly essential in the labor market, especially given technological advances and evolving work environments. Unequal distribution of non-cognitive skills among various groups in the population may contribute to labor market inequalities. This article investigates the significance of non-cognitive skills for immigrant-native inequalities in the European labor market. Specifically, we examine the potential differences in non-cognitive skills between native and immigrant groups and how these differences may affect their income. Additionally, we explore whether equal levels of non-cognitive skills have comparable payoffs for native and immigrant groups in society. We use, comparative survey data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies and OLS regressions with country fixed effects. Our findings show that many immigrants exhibit lower levels of non-cognitive skills than native-born workers, despite differences between origin groups. This difference in non-cognitive skills explains part of the immigrant-native inequality in the labor market for most immigrant-origin groups. Moreover, our results indicate that immigrants, especially those from Central and Eastern European countries, benefit less from exercising comparable non-cognitive skills than native-born workers. Our study highlights the importance of non-cognitive skills in addressing the labor market disadvantage faced by immigrants, and emphasizes that policymakers and educators should recognize the significance of these skills when developing policies targeting immigrants.

Examining labour market hierarchies in Slovakia from the perspective of intra-EU migration and return

ABSTRACT This paper applies the concept of hierarchised mobility to study return migration in Slovakia in the context of the country’s EU accession. The analysis is based on the national Labour Force Survey dataset, covering a decade of labour migration and return between the 2008/2009 financial crisis and the Covid pandemic, concentrating in particular on the short-term labour market outcomes for less skilled return migrants. It is found that even under improved economic conditions, patterns of labour mobility set in the aftermath of the EU’s Eastern enlargement continued to persist, together with structural inequalities in the Slovak labour market. Returnees in Slovakia face a markedly higher unemployment rate relative to stayers, and are less likely to be self-employed shortly after their return to Slovakia, compared to stayers or migrants. Returnees were also more exposed to instability in their jobs than migrants and stayers. From this perspective, return migration itself is a reflection of hierarchised mobility, as returnees clearly occupy the least stable jobs, and are the most exposed to instability in their employment. It appears that migration patterns from and to Slovakia are ingrained within the broader functioning of the European labour market.

THE EUROPEAN LABOUR MARKET IN THE WAKE OF THE NEW REFUGEE CRISIS

Russia’s aggression against Ukraine has led to a humanitarian crisis in Europe unprecedented since the Second World War. After nearly a year, more than 8 million Ukrainian refugees were recorded in Europe, of whom more than 4.8 million were registered under the EU’s Temporary Protection Directive (TPD) or similar national protection programmes. The study provides an empirical characteristics of the scale and structure of the refugee wave from Ukraine. Placing a strong emphasis on highlighting the differences with respect to previous crises of this type, the study reveals the scale of the challenges facing European institutions in the face of such an unprecedented humanitarian catastrophe. The objective is also to highlight the need for different priorities and new strategies for integration policies in the European labour market. Keywords: refugees, labour market, integration policy, Ukraine.

Intersectional Discrimination in European Labour Markets in the Voices of TCN Women

Despite migration being a universal and secular phenomenon, recent studies and latest statistics show that unemployment among third-country nationals aged between 15 and 64 years old is generally higher than the rate among the overall population (76% among newcomers). Within this context, the current study aims to find out common patterns concerning the barriers that Third Country National (TCN) Women face in the host labour market and facilitating factors they used to cross them. The current research is supported by a qualitative methodology, based on 74 interviews to women from nine European countries and the analysis of 11 success stories. The interviewees have a very heterogeneous sociodemographic profile, concerning age, country of origin, host country and educational background. Despite some TCN women being employed, most are currently unemployed or in precarious condition. Our study proposes a four-fold categorisation of barriers faced by TCN women: i) cultural and linguistic; ii) diplomas; iii) support system; iv) discrimination. The lack of language skills was mentioned by almost all the women interviewed because free or easily affordable courses are limited.The second category of barriers entails the complexity of recognising academic qualifications and working experience from their home countries. The lack of a supporting system has impact in different dimensions of social and professional inclusion. The last category represents a large number of dimensions, related to an intersectional discrimination based on gender, race and religion. Regarding the facilitating factors that 11 women with integration success stories shared, we would highlight: i) the role and importance of Social and Solidarity migrant organisations as a support for TCN women; ii) the recognition the added-value of TCN women skills, such as being proficient in several foreign languages; iii) the empowerment of success stories reported by the storyteller herself and by other women in a similar situation; iv) the resilience to not give up, despite a considerable amount of obstacles.

The motility of posted workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: policies, trends and worker experiences in Austria

PurposeTo analyse the policies, posting trends and worker experiences during the pandemic, this study uses the concept of motility, i.e. workers' mobility capital, and examines how posted workers' geographical mobility, their access to and conditions of employment and social protection were impacted. The authors discuss how the measures against the pandemic undertaken at the European Union (EU) and national level have affected labour mobility, the impact these measures have had on macro trends of posting to Austria, and lastly, how the pandemic and the actions against it have influenced the lives of posted workers at the individual level.Design/methodology/approachIn this article, the authors focus on the specific case of posting to Austria. The authors ask whether, and if so, how EU and national policies which came about during the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the motility of posted workers, and how these workers used their mobility capital in this unfolding context. The authors address the research questions with analyses of EU and national level policies, use administrative data on posting, and individual-level data based on interviews with posted workers and public authorities.FindingsThe authors find that the Austrian government's public health and economic priorities were jointly influential on the motility of cross-border workers. The specific case of the posted workers shed new light on the limits to such a national sovereignty approach when it comes to economic interests in an increasingly interdependent European labour market. This study’s findings show that despite the access provided at the policy levels, the motility of posted workers was also affected by their individual circumstances, or competences, which produced different forms of appropriation.Originality/valueThe authors apply the theoretical framework of motility by studying policy developments through the element of access options and conditions, and the posting trends to Austria and worker experiences at the individual level through the lenses of appropriation and competences. The authors find that while the EU and national public policy in enhancing access options have been successful during the COVID-19 period, amelioration attempts in access conditions have not been realised as observed in our analysis of the competence and appropriation dimensions of the posted workers in Austria. This highlights the need for a more integrated approach in the study of policies by exploring beyond the national and EU level policies and focussing on the implementation and observations at the individual level.

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENSEMBLE PLAYING OF THE FLUTE GROUP IN A SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA

The historical features of the playing of the flute group in the symphony orchestra, the ability of soloists-instrumentalists to be performers of a single group and a single whole among the large composition of members of the symphony orchestra are analyzed. The authors substantiate the expediency of the development of instrumental musicians first of all as orchestra players, and then as solo performers. The aim and the tasks: to analyze the historical development of the ensemble playing of the flute group as part of the symphony orchestra. The tasks of the research are the analysis of publications on this issue and the selection of the necessary components for playing a group of flutes in a symphony orchestra.Research methods: the research methodology consists of the ratio of traditional and modern expedient, ascent from individual to generalized (generalizing principle) from abstract to concrete. Research results: a wide range of research on the musical performance process from the New Age to the present is analyzed. Analysis of new modern concepts of training of instrumental musicians in institutions of higher education is carried out. The European search for new forms is characterized by the search for objective regularities in music education of past centuries, taking into account the modern demand for orchestra players on the European labor market. Discussion. What should come first in the training of an orchestra playerindividual classes or his training in a team. Conclusion. Thus, the analysis of the historical development of the ensemble playing of the flute group in the symphony orchestra allowed us to draw the following conclusions: during the reign of the classicism and romantic styles, an understanding of the necessary components for a symphony orchestra artist in the flute group was formed: a the component of pure vertical and horizontal intonation; a the component to feel the dynamic balance of all participants in the ensemble playing of the flute group as part of the symphony orchestra; a component of the timbre fusion of the flute group and full sounding in different registers; a component understanding in performing strokes in groups of flutes; a component of expressiveness and vivid phrasing of the ensemble playing of a group of flutes as part of a symphony orchestra; a component of metrorhythmic feeling in ensemble playing; a component of the collective understanding of style by a group of flautists in a symphony orchestra. All these components in their unity will allow the group of flutes to sound as a single harmonious whole.

Implications of labour migration on the european labour market - labour law aspects

During the 21st century, migrations have become increasing-ly intense, since they are often planned with a specific goal and could cause major social changes. Unfortunately, since there is no definition of the term ?migrant?, countries face a particular challenge in protecting migrant workers? right to work. The International Labour Organization, the Council of Europe, and the European Union have made significant contributions to establishing and developing the migrant worker protection system. At the national level, governments and trade unions contribute to migrant workers? protection by adopting laws to control migrations. However, with many social, political, and economic factors at play, countries can?t always control immigration within their own territory. The author?s hypothesis is that the position of migrant workers depends significantly on the host country?s im-migration and labour policies. The paper concludes that the application of general provisions prescribed at the international level cannot and does not fully protect the rights of migrant workers. Given this, it is not surprising that certain countries and trade unions have begun to protect their interests by adopting legal regulations to manage mi-gration within their territory. The paper identifies the fear that labour migration will negatively affect trade unions? image in those countries where trade unions are weak and disjointed, without real power to influence decision-makers. Finally, when analysing the position of migrant workers in the Republic of Serbia, the author points that the motives for labour force emigration from Serbia are extremely strong, so even if certain changes were to be made to labour con-ditions, there would be no reduction in emigration. This is because workers? motives for emigration go beyond mere dissatisfaction with labour conditions, but are rather linked to their general dissatisfaction with the quality of life in Serbia

АНАЛІЗ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ СКЛАДОВОЇ ЛЮДСЬКОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОГО СОЮЗУ

The article analyzes the main indicators of the functioning of the European Union's labor market, which characterize the socio-economic component of the EU's human potential. The study was conducted using such general scientific and special research methods as the method of abstraction, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, graphical and analytical method, and system analysis. The socio-economic component of the human potential of the European Union was considered through the following criteria: population dynamics, number of unemployed and unemployment rate (total and by gender), gender gap in unemployment, share of young people who do not work, study or acquire professional skills (NEET generation), employment rate (total, by gender and by age group), gender gap in employment, share of self-employed, temporarily employed and part-time workers. The analysis of these indicators made it possible to outline the state and trends in the development of the labor market and the socio-economic component of the human potential of the European Union. Based on the study, it was found that the labor market of the EU countries is slowly demonstrating positive dynamics of development and the following trends: a gradual decrease in the unemployment rate and the number of unemployed since 2013; excess of the unemployment rate of women over the unemployment rate of men – the gender gap in unemployment has hardly changed in recent years and remained at the level of 0.7 percentage points; a slight decrease in the share of young people who are not working, studying or acquiring professional skills; an increase in the employment rate; reduction of the gender gap in employment, albeit at a slower pace in recent years; changes in the structure of the EU labor market, namely an increase in the share of employed persons aged 55-64 and a decrease in the share of employed persons aged 15-24, a larger gender gap in employment in older age groups, an increase in the number and share of persons with higher secondary and higher education among those employed aged 20-64; a decrease in the share of part-time, temporary, and self-employed workers in the pre-pandemic period, and an increase in part-time and selfemployment during the pandemic in 2020-2021.

ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИЙ РІК НАВИЧОК: ВІКНО МОЖЛИВОСТЕЙ ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ

The purpose of the article is to outline the opportunities and prospects offered by the European Year of Skills, launched by the European Parliament in May 2023, for both Ukrainian residents and forced Ukrainian migrants. The article provides an overview of a wide range of projects that are being implemented within the framework of the European Year of Skills both in the European Union and in Ukraine. The author analyzes the level of skills, PISA educational achievements, and the share of STEM education graduates in Ukraine among various countries based on UNCTAD statistics and the Global Innovation Index, whose evaluation criteria refer to the global databases of UNESCO and the OECD. The analysis of the level of skills showed that in 2023 Ukraine ranks 42nd among 166 countries, thereby overtaking a number of countries in the Central and Eastern Europe region, namely Hungary, Bulgaria and Romania. According to the results of the PISA-2018 educational surveys in reading, science and mathematics, Ukraine ranked 40th among 132 countries, leaving Bulgaria and Romania behind. The share of graduates of Ukrainian higher education institutions in STEM education in 2020 was 25,7% (Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria, Latvia, Italy and even the United States are far behind Ukraine), which gives some optimism about the European future of our country. In the context of the new reality, the article emphasizes the importance of popularizing STEM education in developing countries, including Ukraine. At the same time, the article outlines the requirements imposed by the European Year of Skills on Ukrainian employers, which are aimed at creating competitive European labor market conditions. This, in synergy with the accelerated industrialization of the country, especially against the background of the implementation of military-tech (high-tech weapons industry), will be a key dominant of the post-war recovery of the national economy.

ІНТЕРАКТИВНІТЕХНОЛОГІЇУКОНТЕКСТІМІЖДИСЦИПЛІНАРНОГОПІДХОДУДОНАВЧАННЯЯКПЕРЕДУМОВАУСПІШНОСТІМАЙБУТНЬОЇПРОФЕСІЙНОЇДІЯЛЬНОСТІФАХІВЦІВ

The article considers the need to solve the problem related to the search for pedagogical concepts and technologies for the implementation of an effective and interactive interdisciplinary approach to education as a prerequisite for the success of the future professional activity of specialists. The importance of the use of interactive technologies in the conditions of the European educational space is em-phasized, which opens up new opportunities not only for obtaining an education, but also for the development of the European labor market. The question of the use of interactive technologies as the main component of the professional growth of future specialists is considered. It was determined that to improve the quality of edu-cation, it is necessary to involve interactive technologies in the educational process. It is proven that as a result of the optimal use of various interactive teaching methods, the positions of the teacher and students in the educational process change. The opinions of scientists regarding the need to intro-duce interactive technologies into the educational process in the context of an interdisciplinary approach are consid-ered. It is analyzed how the interaction of various disci-plines can contribute to the formation of a comprehensive understanding of the subject area and the development of key skills in students. It is substantiated that the use of interactive technologies in combination with an interdisci-plinary approach can help create flexibility of thinking in students, the ability to work in a team and develop crea-tive approaches to problem solving.

Migrant workers and workforce integration: Challenges for managers in European companies

Background: In contemporary economies the migrant workforce is increasing around the world and represents a challenge both for domestic economies, companies and economic flows. The emergence of the European labor market highlighted a major lack of a qualified workforce and a rapid spread of migrant workers especially in the labor intensive economic sectors. In this perceptive, by striving to attract foreign workers with unique and complementary skills, knowledge, and ideas to the workplace, managers encounter many obstacles. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify challenges managers in European companies face in the process of attracting and managing migrant workers. In this article, we analyze the impact of the migrant workforce on the internal labor market transformations and identifying the main managerial challenges for the European companies and management during the attracting, mobilizing and managing the migrant workers in economic system. Study design/methodology/approach: The authors evaluate both the existent assumptions in literature and conduct a systematic review of the managerial approaches in the field. A quantitative approach was employed. The data that contains responses from 1,127 managers from ten European countries, five EU and five non-EU member states, was collected between August 2021 and April 2022. Findings/conclusions: The main study results reveal that the most common obstacles and challenges that managers face occur in the process of recruitment, socialization and integration, training and development, workplace operations, and innovation. The study recommends a permanent focus of company management on these issues. It also lays the foundations for a theoretical framework that provides a better understanding of the significance of creating efficient and specific management policies for foreign workers based on employee diversity. Limitations/future research: The present study is limited in scope as the sample only includes managers from ten countries. Each research question can represent a broad enough basis for independent research, so this work opens up the possibility for numerous researches that can be treated as a continuation and expansion of the existing work.

SPEAKING COMPETENCE AS A NECESSARY COMPONENT OF COMPETITIVE TRAINING SPECIALISTS IN UNIVERSITIES OF UKRAINE

Modernization of educational activities in Ukraine in the context of European standards – is primarily raising training quality and competitive professionals, compliance with European labor market conditions for the free movement of students in Ukraine and Europe. Creating the conditions for competitive advantage in the world is the main condition for economic and social stability in Ukraine. Expected changes are possible only if the level of labor productivity, which in turn depends on the presence in the domestic labor market modern highly qualified specialists. Thus, any transformations in economy is impossible without reforming and modernizing training competitive specialists. Upgrading of educational activities in Ukraine in the context of European standards – is, first of all, raising competitiveness and quality of training of specialists, matching the European labor market, creating conditions for free movement of students in Ukraine and Europe. Creating conditions for competitive advantage in the world is the main condition for economic and social stability in Ukraine. Expected changes are possible only if the increase in labor productivity, which in turn depends on the presence in the domestic labor market today highly qualified specialists. Consequently, any transformations in the economy are impossible without reform and modernization of training competitive professionals.