Ethylene Naphthalate Research Articles

Lifetime of Poly(triaryl amine) Based Organic Field Effect Transistors under Different Environmental Conditions

Characterization of reliability and lifetime is a key issue on the way to commercialization of products based on organic electronics. Prediction of the lifetime requires the understanding of failure mechanisms and the circumstances leading to failure. In this work the stability of poly(triaryl amine) (PTAA) based organic field effect transistors (OFETs) on a poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) substrate is investigated under environmental stressing. PTAA is known to form amorphous thin films after spin coating and to be air stable for extended periods of time. This inherent air stability makes it a good candidate for testing of environmental influences. The samples were electrically characterized regularly between storage cycles at 85 °C and 85 °C/85% relative humidity (RH). Samples stored under dry atmosphere and inert gas were used as reference. More than 1700 OFETs were produced in multiple batches and measured using an automated measurement system to collect statistically significant data. Circuit-relevant OFET parameters such as on- and off-current, mobility, threshold voltage and gate leakage current were extracted applying a thin film transistor (TFT) device model to the measured transfer and output curves. The threshold voltage is found to be the most sensitive parameter especially for the samples stored at 85 °C. The effect of storage under 85 °C/85%RH is observed to be comparably small. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) measurements of the aged OFET samples indicate a correlation between the shift of the electrical parameters and the appearance of carbonyl groups in the dielectric layer of the devices. Possible degradation mechanisms are discussed based on this observation.

Polymer grafting surface as templates for the site-selective metallization

We report a simple, low-cost and universal method for the fabrication of copper circuit patterns on a wide range of flexible polymeric substrates. This method relies on procedures to modify the polymeric substrates with grafted polymer template to form surface-bound N-containing groups, which can bind palladium catalysts that subsequently initiate the site-selective deposition of copper granular layer patterns. The fabrications of patterned copper films were demonstrated on three kinds of flexible polymeric films including poly(imide) (PI), poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) with minimum feature sizes of 200μm. The films were characterized by ATR FT-IR, contact angle, XPS, XRD, TEM, SEM. Furthermore, the copper layered structure shows good adhesion with polymeric film. This method, which provides a promising strategy for the fabrication of copper circuit patterns on flexible polymeric substrates, has the potential in manufacturing conductive features adopted in various fields including modern electronics, opto-electronics and photovoltaic applications.

Recent Developments in Functional Thin Films

Thin film technology is a significant focus of academic, governmental, and industrial research efforts. The economic impact of thin film use is significant and is growing at an impressive rate. BCC Research assigned the thin film global market a value of $9.3 billion in 2011; it is anticipated to reach a value of $14.9 billion by 2016. 1 Drivers of thin film research at this time include lowering the processing cost and environmental burden associated with thin film processing. 2 In addition, efforts are underway to develop thin films on flexible substrates for use in medical prostheses and in energy harvesting devices. Functional thin films have other potential biomedical applications, including use in drug delivery. 3 A search using Thomson Reuters’s Web of Knowledge indicates that the number of published items involving functional thin films has steadily increased each year since 1994; more than 1150 papers were published on this topic and nearly 30,000 citations involved this topic in 2012. 4 In this issue of JOM, the development of thin films for biomedical, corrosion resistance, electronic, optical, radiation detection, thermal barrier, and tribological applications is described. In ‘‘Improved Mobility and Transmittance of Room-Temperature Deposited a-IGZO Films with Low-Temperature Post-Fabrication Anneals,’’ T.L. Alford et al. demonstrate radio frequency (RF) sputtering of amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide onto flexible poly ethylene naphthalate substrates. Annealing the film at low temperatures in an oxygen atmosphere and in vacuum is shown to modify the optical and electrical properties of the thin films. In ‘‘Inkjet Printing of Amphotericin B onto Biodegradable Microneedles using Piezoelectric Inkjet Printing,’’ R.D. Boehm et al. demonstrate modification of the surfaces of Gantrez (ISP Investments, Inc., Wilmington, DE) 169 BF microneedles with amphotericin B using piezoelectric inkjet printing. A radial diffusion assay is used to demonstrate the activity of these drug-loaded microneedles against the yeast Candida parapsilosis. In ‘‘Effect of LowTemperature Microwave Processing and Copper Content on the Properties of Ag-Cu Thin Film Alloys,’’ S. Das and T.L. Alford examine the use of microwave annealing for enhancing the structural and electrical properties of silver-copper thin films. Their work indicates that copper oxide encapsulation layers are formed by microwave annealing. In ‘‘Reflectance Spectroscopy of Functional Ag-Cu Thin Films: Correlation of Reflectivity with Cu Content,’’ S. Das and T.L. Alford evaluate the use of magnetron sputtering to co-sputter pure silver and copper targets. The electrical mobility and optical reflectivity properties of silver-copper thin films on silicon substrates are evaluated. In ‘‘Thermo-mechanical

On the interrelationship of transreaction with viscoelastic properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/poly(ethylene naphthalate) blends in the presence of nanoclay

An attempt was made to explore the effects of the interchange reactions on the viscoelastic behavior of binary blends based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) and their nanocomposites. It was seen that with an increase in the number of extrusion runs and mixing temperature, the extent of reaction (X) and degree of randomness (RD) both increased, whereas the average sequence block lengths values were decreased. On the contrary, the blend composition did not play a significant role on X and RD values. Addition of nanoclay inhibited the transreactions in PET/PEN blends. The absence of crystallization peaks implied that the crystalline structure was destroyed as a result of blending and an amorphous system was created possibly due to the transreactions simultaneously with the formation of random copolymers inhibiting the crystallization process. The rheological investigations showed that the addition of PEN into the PEN/PET blends enhanced the storage modulus, loss modulus, and complex viscosity. The viscosity upswing observed at low‐frequency region in the case of nanocomposite systems evidently confirmed the occurrence of transreactions. Nonetheless, a significant increment in the viscoelastic properties was perceived in the presence of nanoclay corroborating the proper nanoclay distribution throughout the PET/PEN blend system. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 53:2556–2567, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers

Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of TiO2 Mesoporous Beads Having C and/or N Doping for Use in High Efficiency All-Plastic Flexible Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Submicrometer-sized TiO2 mesoporous beads with and without C or C-N doping were synthesized via a novel microwave-assisted hydrothermal process under various hydrothermal conditions. The doping was done simply through the addition of a steric agent of hexamethylenetetramine. The resulting beads were characterized for their materials properties. Selected TiO2 beads were then made into photoanodes on Poly(Ethylene Naphthalate) substrates using a spin-coating process. The thin film photoanodes were analyzed for their dye absorbing capability and optical absorbance. All plastic flexible dye-sensitized solar cells were then fabricated using the obtained photoanodes. The photovoltaic performance and the electron transport of the resulting cells were determined. We demonstrate that the doping gives not only enhanced photon-to-electron conversion efficiency but also improved solar conversion efficiency. The effects of doping on the cell performance are addressed.

Electrical functionality of inkjet-printed silver nanoparticle conductive tracks on nanostructured paper compared with those on plastic substrates

In this study, we use nanostructured paper made from cellulose nanofibres (CNFs) as a flexible printable material for inkjet-printing of silver nanoparticle (AgNP) ink. The nanostructured paper is prepared by sheet casting of 10–40 nm wide mechanically fibrillated aqueous CNFs in suspension. The resulting nanostructured paper, in the form of densely packed laminar layers, has low surface roughness (40 ± 2.3 nm) and a nanoporous network structure. This unique surface feature helps the ink vehicles to permeate through the nanopores and also aids absorption along the fibril direction parallel to the surface while retaining the silver nanoparticles on the surface to compete with the initial spreading and final evaporation processes. As a result, well-defined inkjet-printed AgNP conductive tracks (∼400 μm wide) on nanostructured paper show lower electrical resistance (1.57 ± 0.09 Ω cm−1) than those on commonly used plastics, including polyimide (PI, 2.07 ± 0.17 Ω cm−1) and poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN, 2.10 ± 0.16 Ω cm−1), at a moderate curing temperature of 150 °C for 1 h. The inkjet-printed conductive tracks on nanostructured paper also show better electrical performance during and after folding than those printed on plastic substrates, such as PI, and exhibit stable electrical properties throughout a test period of 1000 h in a moisture resistance test (85 °C and 85% relative humidity). The better overall electrical performance compared with that of tracks on plastic substrates highlights the potential of genuinely nanostructured paper as a printing substrate for flexible printed electronics.

Focused Magneto-Optic Kerr Effect Spectroscopy in Ni75Fe25 and Fe Ferromagnetic Thin Films on Organic Substrates

We apply the theory of the magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) for multilayer thin films to analyze the surface magnetic properties, which have been observed using focused MOKE, for Ni75Fe25 and Fe thin films evaporated on poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) organic substrates. The calculation is performed for the thickness dependence and incident angle dependence of Kerr rotation and ellipticity. We have measured the thickness dependence of Kerr rotation at a wavelength of 405 nm for both Ni75Fe25 and Fe thin films on PEN organic substrates. These results are fitted using the theory by adjusting the values of magneto-optic constants Q's. These Q's are 0.01exp (-i48π/180) and 0.025exp (-i47π/180) for Ni75Fe25 and Fe thin films, respectively. These results lead to the quantitative estimation of the surface magnetic properties of thin films on organic substrates. Also, the magneto-optic constants are estimated for ferromagnetic thin films on organic substrates for the first time.

무기 필러가 유연기판용 폴리에틸렌나프탈레이트 필름 치수안정성에 미치는 영향

The effect of glass bead and glass fiber on the enhancement of dimensional stability in poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) flexible substrate for photovoltaic devices has been studied. It was found that the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and the optical transmittance decreased with increasing inorganic filler content. In addition to filler contents, the size and size distribution of fillers are the other important factors to improve CTE and optical transmittance of PEN film. Our results showed that the optimum filler content was found to be about 5 wt% to enhance the dimensional stability of PEN by more than 50% with maintaining the optical transmittance over 85% for the flexible substrate.

Effect of short fiber reinforcement on the properties of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate)/poly(ethylene naphthalate) blends

In this study, short carbon (CF), glass (GF) and hybrid carbon/glass fiber reinforced recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate)/poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (r-PET/PEN) blends were prepared by melt mixing method. The mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of composites were investigated by using tensile tests, differential scanning calorimeter, dynamic mechanical analyzer and scanning electron microscopy. The microscopic analysis showed that there is a better interfacial interaction between fiber and polymer matrix for CF reinforced composite. It was found that addition of short fiber reinforcement to the r-PET/PEN blend improved the tensile strength and Young’s modulus values more than the addition of PEN into r-PET. According to DMA analysis, fiber reinforcement increased the storage modulus of composites when compared with r-PET/PEN blend and among them storage modulus of CF reinforced composite was the highest. It was concluded that mechanical properties of r-PET can be enhanced with addition of PEN and more efficiently with short fiber reinforcement.

Effect of relative humidity on crack propagation in barrier films for flexible electronics

A set of propagating cracks in a SiN barrier film on poly ethylene naphthalate (PEN) were subjected to differing levels of relative humidity. It was observed that the propagation speed of the cracks increased for increasing levels of relative humidity. This was shown using two independent, simultaneous techniques. One of the techniques (a resistance measurement) gives a qualitative measure of the averaged crack tip speed and the other (a microscopic technique) a quantitative measure. An attempt is made to quantify the resistance measurements in terms of crack tip speed. The effects that humidity may have on the crack driving force through differences in hygroscopic expansion are discussed, using independent determination of the diffusion constant of water into PEN. It is concluded that hygroscopic expansion alone cannot account for the observations.

Composite Films Based on Poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):Poly(styrene sulfonate) Conducting Polymer and TiC Nanoparticles as the Counter Electrodes for Flexible Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

A composite film of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and titanium carbide nanoparticles (TiC-NPs) was deposited on an indium doped tin oxide–poly(ethylene naphthalate) (ITO–PEN) conducting plastic substrate by a doctor blade technique. This ITO–PEN substrate with the composite film was used as the flexible counter electrode (CE) for a plastic dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). Performances of the plastic DSSC with the platinum-free CEs containing PEDOT:PSS/TiC-NPs composite was investigated. A solar-to-electricity conversion efficiency (η) of 6.50% was achieved for the pertinent DSSC with PEDOT:PSS/TiC-NPs composite, using commercial N719 dye, which exhibited comparable performance to that of a cell with a sputtered-Pt film on its CE (6.84%). The homogeneous nature of the composite film PEDOT:PSS/TiC-NPs, the uniform distribution of TiC-NPs in its PEDOT:PSS matrix, and the large electrochemical surface area of the composite film are seen to be the factors for the best performance of the pertinent DSSC. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the TiC-NPs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to characterize the films. The high efficiency of the cell with PEDOT:PSS/TiC-NPs is explained by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) curves.

Flexible thin-film transistors using multistep UV nanoimprint lithography

A multistep imprinting process is presented for the fabrication of a bottom-contact, bottom-gate thin-film transistor (TFT) on poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) foil by patterning all layers of the metal–insulator–metal stack by UV nanoimprint lithography (UV NIL). The flexible TFTs were fabricated on a planarization layer, patterned in a novel way by UV NIL, on a foil reversibly glued to a Si carrier. This planarization step enhances the dimensional stability and flatness of the foil and thus results in a thinner and more homogeneous residual layer. The fabricated TFTs have been electrically characterized as demonstrators of the here developed fully UV NIL-based patterning process on PEN foil, and compared to TFTs made on Si with the same process. TFTs with channel lengths from 5μm down to 250nm have been fabricated on Si and PEN foil, showing channel length-dependent charge carrier mobilities, μ, in the range of 0.06–0.92cm2V−1s−1 on Si and of 0.16–0.56cm2V−1s−1 on PEN foil.

Dynamic mechanical analysis of magnetic tapes at ultra‐low frequencies

AbstractA custom, ultra‐low frequency, dynamic mechanical analyzer (ULDMA) has been developed to study the correlated effects of temperature and frequency on the viscoelastic behavior of magnetic tapes. It has been used to acquire data needed for the development of future magnetic tapes that require an archival life of up to 100 years. A range of elevated temperatures is used to simulate real‐world storage environments, which enables the investigation of how the viscoelastic characteristics of tape samples influence the extent to which the tape deforms. The experiments and subsequent analysis examine the influence of the molecular structure on the viscoelasticity of magnetic tapes. Experiments were performed on a variety of magnetic tapes, including poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN), metalized PET (M‐PET), and metalized Spaltan (M‐SPA). Additional experiments examined PEN and PET substrates by removing the front and back magnetic layers from the tape sample. Because of the viscoelastic behavior of the tapes, a time delay was present between the strain and stress signals, which was determined using a Fourier transform program. The elastic modulus (E), storage modulus (E′), loss modulus (E″), and loss tangent (tan δ) were obtained from the time delay for each of the ULDMA experiments at 25, 50, and 70°C over the frequency range of 0.0100–0.0667 Hz. Plots of these mechanical characteristics demonstrate the ability of frequency and temperature to affect trends associated with mechanical and thermal properties. Finally, some samples displayed an initial relaxation during the ULDMA experiments, which, when modeled using Maxwell's viscoelastic model, provided an insight into the relaxation characteristics of the samples. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013

Highly flexible transparent film heaters based on random networks of silver nanowires

We demonstrate a new concept for the fabrication of flexible transparent thin film heaters based on silver nanowires. Thanks to the intrinsic properties of random networks of metallic nanowires, it is possible to combine bendability, transparency and high heating performances at low voltage, typically below 12 V which is of interest for many applications. This is currently not possible with transparent conductive oxide technologies, and it compares well with similar devices fabricated with carbon nanotubes or graphene. We present experiments on glass and poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) substrates (with thicknesses of 125 μm and extremely thin 1.3 μm) with excellent heating performances. We point out that the amount of silver necessary to realize the transparent heaters is very low and we also present preliminary results showing that this material can be efficiently used to fabricate photochromic displays. To our knowledge, this is the first report of metallic nanowire-based transparent thin film heaters. We think these results could be a useful approach for the engineering of highly flexible and transparent heaters which are not attainable by existing processes. Open image in new window

Role of 2‐hydroxyethyl end group on the thermal degradation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) and reactive melt mixing of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/poly(ethylene naphthalate) blends

AbstractIn an attempt to minimize the acetaldehyde formation at the processing temperatures (280–300°C) and the outer–inner transesterification reactions in the poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET)–poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) melt‐mixed blends, the hydroxyl chain ends of PET were capped using benzoyl chloride. The thermal characterization of the melt‐mixed PET–PEN blends at 300°C, as well as that of the corresponding homopolymers, was performed. Degradations were carried out under dynamic heating and isothermal conditions in both flowing nitrogen and static air atmosphere. The initial decomposition temperatures (Ti) were determined to draw useful information about the overall thermal stability of the studied compounds. Also, the glass transition temperature (Tg) was determined by finding data, indicating that the end‐capped copolymers showed a higher degradation stability compared to the unmodified PET and, when blended with PEN, seemed to be efficient in slowing the kinetic of transesterification leading to, for a finite time, the formation of block copolymers, as determined by 1H‐NMR analysis. This is strong and direct evidence that the end‐capping of the OH chain ends influences the mechanism and the kinetic of transesterification. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers

Room-Temperature Microjoining of LSI Chips on Poly(ethylene naphthalate) Film Using Mechanical Caulking of Au Cone Bump

We show that room-temperature bonding of LSI chips on a resin film made of poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) can be realized by using mechanical caulking of a cone-shaped bump electrode made of Au. A 20-µm-pitch area array of cone-shaped Au bumps was fabricated on a Si wafer by photolithography and electroplating. The counter electrode with cross-shaped slits on the PEN film was composed of a Au (top)/Ni/Al (bottom) layered structure, where Ni and Au layers were deposited by electroless plating on patterned Al. Bonding of about 10,000 bump connections with 184 mΩ/bump has been achieved at room temperature.

Surface analysis of poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) films treated at atmospheric pressure using diffuse coplanar surface barrier discharge in air and in nitrogen

Surface modification of poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) films by Diffuse Coplanar Surface Barrier Discharge (DCSBD) in ambient air and nitrogen at atmospheric pressure was studied at short plasma exposure times from 1 s up to 10 s. Chemical changes in the surface composition after the plasma treatments were studied using a high resolution XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy). The water contact angle was reduced from an initial value of 79° to values of 31° and 20° for the ambient air and nitrogen plasma treatments. After 3 days of storage in ambient air the contact angles were still about 50° and 40°, respectively. The polar component of surface energy was changed by the aging significantly less than the total surface energy. Despite the marked increase in the surface energy, the plasma treatment had no significant influence on the surface morphology.The surface modification in air plasma resulted in significant reduction the OC bond formation on the treated surface. The concentration of oxygen on PEN surface was increased from an initial value of 22 at.% up to 45 at.% already after 5 s air plasma exposure, and this oxygen concentration remained constant for longer plasma treatments. A small presence of nitrogen under 1.5 at.% from the air was also found after the treatments. The nitrogen plasma modified surface composition only by implanted nitrogen up to 5 at.% when the ratio of CO and C–O was not significantly changed. But some new bonds are also expected to be formed in a very low number only.

Relationship between tensile properties and ballistic performance of poly(ethylene naphthalate) woven and nonwoven fabrics

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the effect of tensile properties of poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) yarns on the ballistic performance of woven and nonwoven soft and composite armors. The results of ballistic tests of PEN armors were compared with Kevlar 49 armors as a reference. Based on these results, the Cunniff's equation was revised by removing the fiber elongation at break to predict the relationship between tensile properties and ballistic performances of PEN fibers. The calculations showed that by increasing tenacity of PEN fibers from 8.5 g/den (commercial product) to 12.5 g/den (strongest up to date PEN fibers produced by a novel melt spinning process discovered by our research group), the weight ratio of PEN to Kevlar 49 decreased from 1.8 to 1.35 with the same ballistic performance. Contrary to the results of the soft armors, composite armors made of high modulus PEN woven fabric showed a 17% lower ballistic resistance compared to the composite armor made of low modulus PEN woven fabric. The results of ballistic tests indicated that high tenacity PEN fibers produced in this research could have potential in soft and composite armors, and high velocity impact applications or improve performance of PEN in its current applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012

Flexible polymer memory devices derived from triphenylamine–pyrene containing donor–acceptor polyimides

Organic polymer based electrical memory devices have attracted significant scientific interest for flexible electronics. However, molecular design principles of polymers with specified memory characteristics on flexible substrates remain challenges. Herein we developed new triphenylamine–pyrene containing donor–acceptor polyimides (PIs) on flexible poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN)/Al/PIs/Al cross-point devices, which showed the memory characteristics changing from volatile to nonvolatile via the relative copolymer ratio. The PIs were prepared from the diamines 4,4′-diamino-4′′-methyltriphenylamine (AMTPA) or N,N-bis(4-aminophenyl)aminopyrene (APAP) and the dianhydride 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA), with relative AMTPA/APAP molar compositions of 100/0, 95/5, 90/10 and 0/100. As the APAP content increased, the memory device characteristics changed from volatile to nonvolatile behavior of flash and write once read many (WORM), since the pyrene moiety could stabilize the radical cation of the APAP moieties. The threshold voltage, ON/OFF ratio, and retention ability were within −3 V, more than 104, and 104 s, respectively. Additionally, the endurance and bending cyclic measurements confirmed that the flexible PI memory devices exhibited excellent reliability and mechanical stability. A possible switching mechanism based on the charge transfer interaction was proposed through molecular simulation and fitted with physical conduction models in OFF and ON states. The manipulation of the memory volatility through tailoring the molecular design and plastic electronic devices demonstrated promising applications of donor–acceptor PIs in integrated memory devices.

Nucleation Mechanisms of Aromatic Polyesters, PET, PBT, and PEN, on Single‐Wall Carbon Nanotubes: Early Nucleation Stages

Nucleation mechanisms of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), and poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) on single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are proposed, based on experimental evidence, theoretical epitaxy analysis, and semiempirical quantum chemical calculations. In order to elucidate early nucleation stages polyester‐coated nanotubes were obtained from highly diluted solutions. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) revealed helical morphologies for PET/SWNTs and PEN/SWNTs and the formation of lobules with different orientations for PBT/SWNTs. To explain the morphological behavior one model was proposed based on crystallographic interactions, that is, epitaxy. Theoretical epitaxy calculations indicated that epitaxy is not possible from the strict epitaxy point of view. Instead, aromatic self‐assembly mechanism was proposed based on π‐π interactions and the chirality of the nanotube. It was proposed that the mechanism implies two steps to produce helical or lobular morphologies with different orientations. In the first step polymer chains were approached, aligned parallel to the nanotube axis and adsorbed due to electrostatic interactions and the flexibility of the molecule. However, due to π‐π interactions between the aromatic rings of the polymer and the nanotube, in the second step chains reoriented on the nanotube surface depending on the chirality of the nanotube. The mechanism was supported by semi‐empirical calculations.