Ethnocultural Space Research Articles

Features of Ethno-Journalism as an Educational Discipline within the Framework of Journalistic Education in Modern Russia

The study of the specifics of the ethnopolitical component in journalistic education is relevant due to a number of factors. Firstly, the current year has shown even greater importance of the media as a social institution in preserving the integrity of the state, its multicultural and ethno-confessional basis. Secondly, the media are one of the main means of disseminating knowledge about the history and ethnoculture of the peoples of the Russian Federation, form ethnographic literacy of the population, and contribute to civic identity and patriotism. Thirdly, the information support of the state national policy of Russia is one of the directions of the Strategy of the State National Policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025, the main document of strategic planning that determines the nation of Russia. In this regard, the article emphasizes the importance of the discipline “Ethno-Journalism” in the main educational program in the direction of 42.03.02 Journalism. The purpose of the study is to identify and systematize educational practices in the field of ethnopolitics used in the educational process of student journalists to determine the dominant pedagogical approaches in preparing students to work with ethnic issues. The empirical basis of the study has become the working programs of the disciplines “Journalism in ethnocultural interaction”, “Journalism in ethnocultural space”, “Ethnocultural problems in the media”, the teaching of which is carried out at the Altai State University, Kazan Federal University, St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Penza State University. Based on the method of studying pedagogical experience and qualitative analysis of work programs, the approaches of the work programs’ developers in choosing topics to ensure the effective interaction of ethnological, ethnopolitological and journalistic components in the training of student journalists to work with ethnic issues have been systematized. Students are invited to study fundamental topics from the field of ethnology, introduce ethnopsychology in the terminology in the context of the profession of a journalist, and give an idea of cultural processes and phenomena. The topic is promising for further research aimed at determining the quality of education of student journalists in the field of ethno-journalism, determining their orientation in ethno-political processes and phenomena, ethno-cultural specifics of the peoples of the Russian Federation. It is also possible to study the literature disciplines recommended in work programs. Keywords: ethno-journalism, educational practices, ethno-political education of journalists, multicultural education, ethnocultural education

Wpływy cywilizacyjne i ich obiektywne odzwierciedlenie w ukraińskich podręcznikach do historii

The proposed review is devoted to an unbiased coverage in Ukrainian textbooks of the history of civilizational influences, namely: Kyiv's cultural tradition in European society since Ancient Rus and prominent cultural and artistic figures of Western Europe in Ukraine. Proponents of Eurasian integration claim that Ukraine had nothing to do with Europe, this thought is rejected. Numerous examples confirm Ukraine’s intensive ties with European states, its original ethnocultural space in Europe.

Adaptation of Migrant Children in a Foreign Cultural Environment: Socio-Philosophical Analysis

The phenomenon of labor migration from the post-Soviet countries and, mainly, from the Central Asian republics to the territory of the Russian Federation is the subject of close attention of specialists, scientists from various fields of socio-humanitarian sciences. The expansion of the area of labor migration spreading within Siberia and the Far Eastern Federal District, as well as the quantitative increase in incoming migrants, actualizes a number of issues, including aspects such as the adaptation of arriving migrants to changed socio-cultural conditions, analysis of the transformation of the ethno-cultural and ethno-religious space of the recipient region, the incorporation of migrant labor families, including their children, into social institutions of the host community. The purpose of this study is to identify the cognitive-motivational aspect of adaptation of the studied categories, which will allow to adjust the social policy strategy available at the regional level in relation to migrants and their families, and, accordingly, will create conditions for more effective management of migration processes. The problems of the research imply the use of theoretical and empirical methods. Consideration of the phenomenon of childhood in these aspects makes it possible to identify existing models and strategies for the adaptation of children who have left the usual cultural environment and migrated with their parents, and those born in migration based on the application of theoretical and methodological developments of acculturation of J. Berry and Yang Kim’s adaptation theories. The need for this kind of analysis is determined directly by the social agenda itself – an increase in the share of migrants among recipients of social services. As an empirical method, the focus group method is used, which helps to identify the difficulties and features of the adaptation process, as well as the goals and prospects of further socialization, which is a priority for migrant children, representatives of educational institutions ‒ preschool, school education.

Regional practices and mechanisms of the support of ethnic identity of the indigenous peoples of Yugra

Introduction. On the example of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra the article considers the regional features of ethno-cultural policy. Some legislative features of the protection and preservation of the identity of representatives of indigenous minorities are distinguished. Ethnic identity and self-identification of representatives of the titular ethnic groups are updated. The purpose of the study is to reveal the role of ethno-cultural practices in reference to ethnic identity of the Khanty, Mansi, and Nenets. Materials and Methods. The theoretical basis is the research in the relevant field, in particular, the works of national authors on ethno-cultural identity. Official materials such as laws and documents of the regional Duma and Charters of public organizations are used. Results and Discussion. It was found that in the ethno-cultural space of the Ob-Ugric and Samoyed peoples, the key elements are legislative mechanisms aimed at maintaining and preserving ethno-cultural traditions, the activities of public organizations of the Ob-Ugric and Samoyed peoples in each district. Attention is paid to the issues of the viability of native languages in modern conditions, the revival of traditions based on ritual holidays and traditional arts. Conclusion. It is concluded that the legislative mechanisms in relation to the indigenous peoples are built on the principle of national and regional approaches. In the present conditions, the interest of the indigenous peoples of Yugra to the ethno-cultural heritage is increasing. There is a revival of traditions, festivals, customs, and popularization of native languages.

Ethnocultural Identity of the Mari People in the Virtual World

Recent experience has demonstrated that the development prospects of ethnocultures have been decreasing without a proper transformative leap forward in the digitalization of ethnocultural space; ethnocultural identity tends to get lost against the backdrop of mainstream culture that has taken place in the virtual environment. This work attempts to define the degree of integration of the Mari culture into the Internet and the influence of its integration on Mari identity. A systems analysis was used to examine the ethnocultural space of Mari on the Internet. This method promoted defining identity as a system and included some interrelated components: axiological, linguistic, communicative, regional, mental, and the component of everyday life. The works of both foreign and Russian scholars on the theme of ethnocultural identity and the peculiarities of its transformation served as a useful methodological tool. Turning to the peculiarities of the Mari ethnocultural identity that have taken place in the virtual environment, the author considered methods and techniques of representation of Mari culture in virtual reality. It was concluded that the globalization of the information and communicative area not only helps harmonization and standardization of cultures but also encourages the integration of ethnocultural space, manifestation, the realization of basic needs of identification, and the decision-making process on ethnocultural everyday life in a virtual ethnocultural space. On the Internet, ethnoculture is saved and maintained; it acquires a new quality of life due to symbolic forms referring to its historic background.
 Keywords: virtualization, Internet space, ethnocultural, Mari, language, ethnocultural identity

Images of British Bangladeshis and the Ethno-cultural Space of London in Modern British Novels on the Example of the Works of Zadie Smith and Tarquin Hall

The actual theme of the British novel of the beginning of the 21st century becomes an intensively changing urban multicultural space of London, as well as its inhabitants. The ethnic heterogeneity of London is enhanced by the residence of various national communities there. One of the most notable groups is British Bangladeshis. The article analyzes two works: White Teeth by Zadie Smith (2000) and Salam, Brick Lane: A Year in the New East End by Tarquin Hall (2005). These novels were written almost at the same time, but London and its realities are presented in them from different angles. The authors manage to weave a complex web of life histories of migrant families, sometimes spanning more than one generation. Narratives focus on British Bangladeshis, Jamaicans, Polish Jews, refugees from Afghanistan and other ethnic groups living in London, in particular the East End. The novels deal with the acute problems of migrants’ adaptation in British society, as well as the difficulties of perceiving and preserving the cultural heritage of their ancestors in their children who are educated in British schools and learn the behaviors of their English peers, which is a tragedy for their more conservative parents. On the basis of real stories, these works present a picture of a motley urban population and how, according to the ideas and personal experience of the authors, representatives of various groups of British society live and interact with each other: the so-called “native Englishmen”, “descendants of former migrants”, representatives of ethnic minorities, people from former colonies, etc.

Terminology of the Border Studies as an Interdisciplinary Problem of the Ethnological Discourse

The article is about the relevance of border studies in modern European ethnological discourse focused on the symbolic, cultural, geographic, sociological, political, anthropological and other aspects of the investigation. Correlation of the global and the local, or macro- and micro levels in border studies seems to be one of the fundamental theoretical proposition, especially when the question is on the ethnically mosaic Balkan region. The many-sided scientific study causes considerably the breadth of the terminology, connected with the necessity to discern the terms boundary, border, frontier, understanding that each of them can give the adequate model constructing different border zone peculiarities. Anthropological discourse is based on the concept of the boundary as a real territory and at the same time as a symbolically existing space marked with the certain cultural and mythological senses. The processes of the European integration are held simultaneously with the new borders establishment – both real and symbolic, that is especially typical for the Balkan region which ethnocultural space appears as a row of the variants. The article is aimed at the description of the necessity to take into account the interaction and correlation of various historical periods, traditions and cultures during the analysis of a certain ethno-cultural dialect. The relevance of such discourse is determined by the historical heritage of the region revealed as the continuation of tradition or is followed as its reflection.

Culinary lexicon in the dialects of Spanish language

This article discusses the peculiarities of linguistic consciousness of the representatives of ethnoses of Latin American countries through the modern dialects of Spanish language. Analysis is conducted on the lexicon of the national cuisine of Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. The article includes the analysis of linguistic zones of the Spanish language. The goal lies in examination of the lexicon of national cuisine of Latin American countries and, and creation of culinary dictionary of Spanish-speaking countries. The author aims to determine the national-specific gastronomic realities of Latin American countries through the prism of ethno-cultural space, and establish correlation between the uniqueness of gastronomic realities with the mentality and fragments of the linguistic worldview of Latin American countries. The conclusion is formulated on the impact of loanwords upon the national culinary lexicon of Latin American countries. The author draws a chart with the lexemes of national cuisines of Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. In accordance with the linguistic zones of Spanish language, the national culinary lexicon is divided into three groups of indigenisms; considering the influence of other languages on the formation of the vocabulary of the regional Spanish language, the national culinary lexicon is divided into the following loanwords (Africanisms, Arabisms, Gallicisms, Anglicisms, and Italianisms). Lexical units, which are widespread in the territory of two, three, or four national dialects of the Spanish language are referred to as regionalisms. Lexical units that are characteristic to one national dialect of the Spanish language are referred to as variantisms. The proper names are allocated into a separate group. The scientific novelty consists in examination of the poorly studied national culinary lexicon of such Latin American countries as Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay.

Ukrainian Ethnocultural Processes in the Research Legacy of Leonid Zaliznyak (Devoted to the 70th Anniversary of His Birth)

The article analyzes L. Zalizniak's contribution to the development of modern ethnology, in particular his study of the ancient history of Ukraine, Ukrainian ethnogenesis and modern domestic ethnocultural processes. It reveals that the priority of his research is ethnocultural studies, which in the days of post-Soviet Ukraine acquired perfection and systematic comprehension. It is discovered that the works of the scientist are marked by the thoroughness of the latest methodological approaches, the scale of the issue (from ancient history, Ukrainogenesis, to modern events and reflections on the place of Ukraine among world civilizations), high scientific erudition, and depth of knowledge. It is proved that L. Zalizniak offered the concept of the origin of the Ukrainian people not only to the scientific community, but to the whole Ukrainian society. This concept is based on a deep understanding of the laws specific for the historical process of peoples’ formation and nations’ development. It is substantiated that the scientist continues working on improving this concept, constantly deepening the most important issues of Ukrainian genesis, the formation of the Ukrainian state, the stages of formation of the Ukrainian nation, the place of Ukraine among world civilizations, and more. It is found that the concept of the origin of the Ukrainian people built by prominent scientists is of great political importance, as it is a solid and reliable basis for the establishment of the independent Ukrainian state, while popularization of this concept in the people's consciousness helps preserve the identity of the Ukrainian people in modern ethnocultural space. It is noted that L. Zalizniak actively participated in understanding the core and essence of the undeclared Russian-Ukrainian hybrid warfare, while his scientific works allow to comprehend the past of Ukraine and Ukrainians, professionally encompass Ukrainian ethnocultural processes, help the modern Ukrainian nation defeat the enemy, restore the territorial integrity of the Ukrainian ethnocultural space and preserve the identity of the Ukrainian people at the present stage of its ethnocultural development.

ПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ МУЗЫКАЛЬНОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ МАЛОЧИСЛЕННЫХ НАРОДОВ СИБИРИ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ СРЕДЕ

This article presents the results of the analysis of the concept of "modern information environment", and also defines its place in the ethno-cultural space. The purpose of the analysis is to study the influence of modern information processes on the traditional musical folklore culture of the small peoples of Siberia. On the materials of field research and the study of online communities, created ethnic groups, the analysis of the influence of "modern information environment" for the life of the indigenous peoples of Siberia. Also, the characteristic features of musical folklore are determined by the example of the analysis of interviews taken from representatives of such ethnic groups as Dolgan, Ents, Nenets. A study of recordings of ethnic festivals and TV shows that promote the popularization of folk song art of the small peoples of Siberia was conducted. The analysis methods used made it possible to formulate the value and semantic meaning of musical folklore culture for the life of a modern person, to determine the place of musical culture in the "modern information environment", as well as to trace cross-cultural ethnic ties. As a result of the analysis of the information space, the following was revealed: first, thanks to information resources, traditional and modern musical culture goes beyond territorial borders and becomes accessible to an audience from different regions of the country and not only; secondly, the broadcast of musical art in online mode allows for the inclusion of the largest number of performers of national music in this process.

Семья как первичная социализация в воспитании детей дошкольного возраста

This article examines the role of the family and its features in the process of socialization, also the main forms and functions (informative, mentor function, initiating and orienting function) of the family. Effective mechanisms of family social education of a child were described including the psychological climate of the family and its factors: national traditions, moral values, educational level, etc. Features of children's folklore in education. Methods of accustoming and the totality of the views of the people. The main components of the rural ethnocultural space.

COLORONYMS AND LUXONYMS AS A MEANS OF CREATING ARTISTIC IMAGE IN HISTORICAL PROSE BY V. IPATOVA AND V. KARATKEVICH

The article examines the color and light vocabulary, with the help of which the authors create a figurative system of artistic text. It is a universal tool for creating a figurative and expressive characteristics of a real, ethnocultural space. The use of coloronyms and luxonyms in the historical prose of the authors, their linguistic interpretation indicates the determination of the individual author’s specificity of the perception of color by the writer and the adequate associative connection of color combinations arising from the reader.
 Creating a masterfully figurative picture or model of a certain ethnic group in the context of a work of art is an important task of every writer who conveys his vision of the world through different semantic groups of words as elements of artistic imagery. This also applies to the corresponding group of vocabulary denoting color and light.
 The semantic group of words denoting color is used in any work of art: in one the frequency of use of color designations is greater, in the second - less. Selected literary works on historical themes by V. Ipatova and V. Korotkevich are widely saturated with color vocabulary, which deserves a multifaceted analysis.
 The perception of the artistic word is an individualized phenomenon and is unique in the history of national literature and culture in general. The writers virtually penetrated into ancient events, rites and customs, skillfully described their heroes, national color, ethnic culture, social and spiritual life not only of Belarusians but also of other nations. The authors have made extensive use of the color palette, which involuntarily attracts the attention of readers and affects their figurative imagination.
 The peculiar style of writing of each author, the lexical and systemic organization of their texts, which organically include coloronyms, give the opportunity to vividly imagine the verbal picture of the world created by the writer. It should be noted that when describing a broad historical panorama, the authors often use color in the lexical microsystem as a means of creating a highly artistic text. Language in works of art of the historical genre acts not only as a means of communication, but also as a carrier of artistic imagery.

FORMATION OF CULTURAL COMPETENCE OF THE FUTURE PHILOLOGIST: METHODOLOGICAL ASPECT

Responding to new challenges of the 21st century, education should prepare a communicative, creative, competitive specialist, ready for high-quality professional activities, able to adapt to a new educational environment, and to a critical rethinking of a significant number of innovations. Nowadays in Ukraine, there is a change of priorities; the role of education is enhanced by culture, arising a need fоr a specialist who has cultural competence. The following tasks were identified: to clarify the essence of the concept of “cultural competence” and prove the need of its formation in the future philologistʼs teacher; to analyze the cultural meaning of the social line of the program in the Ukrainian language for the 5–9 grades; to disclose the methodological aspect of the studying of ethnocultural material in the lessons of the Ukrainian language, Ukrainian literature, and Ukrainian studies. The article states that the upbringing moral and ethical values of each young person will be carried out during such an educational process, aimed at the formation of its worldview enriched with humanistic views and ideals inherent in Ukrainian ethnoculture. The philologist, who will have formed professional competences and primarily, a cultural one, will be able to prepare a cultural young generation. The current cultural competence of the future philologist will indicate his/her ability to realize himself/herself as a carrier of the culture of a certain ethnic group. The determining components of its cultural competence consider the following: the ability to master their native language at a high level; understanding of cultural ethnic images reflected in the Ukrainian literature; awareness of the peculiarities of the mentality, the nature and psychology of their ethnos; determination of cultural differences of its ethnos from the cultures of other ethnic groups. Such a philologist will subsequently help a young person to master the ability to analyze and evaluate the achievements of Ukrainian culture and orient to the ethnocultural space of the nation.
 Keywords: cultural competence, future philologist, formation, technique, vocational training, cultural communication, sociocultural content line, ethnoculture.

Ethnocultural education of preschool children in the North-Eastern region of Russia: problems and ways of improving

The ethnocultural space of Russia currently poses a problematic area for exploring and finding major solutions heading to protect languages of indigenous minorities of the North, Siberia, and the Far East. The situation with the learning of languages and cultures of small nations is estimated as a recessionary. The purpose of the article is to study the state of ethnocultural education of preschoolers in the North-Eastern regions of the Russian Federation, as well as to determine, on the example of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), common problems and ways to improve it. The significance of this study lies in the formulation of the problem of language education of small languages and cultures of the peoples of the North, Siberia, and the Far East in preschool education and finding the ways of preschool education development in modern conditions. The methodological basis of the study was the collection and analysis of statistical data from reports on ethnocultural education of the preschool education departments of Siberia, the Far East and the northern regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) of the Russian Federation, as well as data from a survey conducted among parents of preschool children.As a result of the study, a comparative analysis of the situation and state of cultural education in preschool institutions of the regions of the Russian Federation was carried out. Common problems have been identified in the field of ethnocultural education of preschoolers in the north-eastern regions of Russia. On the example of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), a theoretical justification for the development of ethnocultural and linguistic education is given.

Non-Spiral Development of Domestic Federalism (to readers)

The establishment of the Russian Federation as a sovereign, democratic, federal state caused a surge of interest in searching ways of transition from a formal model of federal relations of the Soviet type to a real model of such relations. The journal Federalism was created 25 years ago to provide a platform for everyone willing express their opinion on this issue. Discussions on its pages continue to this day, despite the fact that the model of national statehood implemented in the country is far from real-federal. However, the fact that the discussion continues shows that the problem of the development of federal relations and regional policy in a country with such a highly complex socio-economic and ethnocultural space is relevant. In this introduction to the readers, the author do not set the task of a detailed presentation of the position on current problems and prospects of Russian federalism. The aim is to show that regional economies require operational management, which cannot always be carried out from the Center. And therefore, the limitation of the powers of the authorities and administrations of the constituent entities of the Federation in this area accompanied by the impossibility of effective control over what is happening from the Center, inevitably makes large business a key figure in this management. This, given the preservation of the “wild” nature of the domestic market, may become an obstacle to strengthening the unity of the country’s economic space.

On the issue of the place of dialect phraseology in the ethnocultural space of Austria

The multidimensional study problem of Austrian dialect phraseology continues to be relevant and of scientific significance. This article aims to cover not only purely linguistic questions from the phraseological corpus of the Austrian dialect, but also to study the phraseological units of the Austrian dialect as a brilliant means of expressing two Austrian ethnic culture.

ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ЕТНОКУЛЬТУРНОЇ ТРАДИЦІЇ В УМОВАХ СУЧАСНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ І ЗАГРОЗ

The article examines the problem of the functioning of the Ukrainian ethnocultural tradition in the context of modern challenges and threats. Emphasis is placed on the need to preserve the national cultural heritage of Ukrainians and the role of cultural and spiritual priorities that form a full-fledged socio-cultural environment and values of the younger generation. The peculiarities of the creation of cultural space in Ukraine and the forms of existence of Ukrainian folklore in the socio-cultural environment are considered, taking into account the challenges and threats of the modern world. The essence of folk traditions and customs as spheres of cultural and spiritual heritage, which influence the communicative organization of people with certain life values, is substantiated. The article considers the essence of the Ukrainian ethnocultural space as an object of Ukrainian studies. It has been proved that ethnoculture is an important factor in the unity of a nation and is an indicator of ethnic and national identity among other peoples, as well as one of the factors of the revival and preservation of national memory. It should be noted that such categories as ethnicity, mentality, national traditions, customs, cultural and ideological components play a significant role in the content of national memory. Folk traditional culture is also a socio-cultural segment of national memory, which potentially helps to consolidate Ukrainian society. It is revealed that Ukrainian culture has long been leveled, censored, ideologically pressured, and destroyed, especially during the Soviet era, but despite the difficulties. Now it is a national and cultural revival of Ukrainian ethnocultural heritage, which is a priority for preserving Ukrainian identity and establishing the independence of the Ukrainian nation in the world. It is proved that ethnoculture highlights the inexhaustible and multifaceted talent of Ukrainians, who are the bearers of folk art. Therefore, responding to modern challenges and threats, changes in the social and political life of the country, new genres of folklore, new types of folk art (youth subculture; graffiti; political anecdotes, such as the genre of laughter culture, etc.) are created in information and cultural space, ridiculing and condemning conflict situations and negative phenomena in society. The Ukrainian nation is modernizing, is actively creating its cultural space despite the influence of the ideology of the "Russian world", despite the economic troubles, the military conflict in the east of our state. The article emphasizes the role of Ukrainian ethnoculture as a component of national culture, which has great potential in establishing Ukraine in the world cultural space, is a powerful factor of deconflicting of Ukrainian society and a consolidating factor of the political unity of Ukrainians, especially in modern hybrid warfare.

“Head of the Chechen People”: Petr Bellik in the History of the Incorporation of the Highlanders to the Russian Office in the North Caucasus

The article is devoted to the features of the incorporation of horses in the Russian government system in Chechnya in the early 1850s — early 1860s. The author analyzes the experience of Petr Bellik on the management of Chechens, notes the controversial nature of the integration of the Highlanders to the Russian ethnocultural space, reveals the positive and negative aspects of the activities of the Tsarist administration in Chechnya. The process of incorporation in many ways contributed to the personal qualities of the head of the Chechen people who managed to create a positive way of power, the conditions for the adaptation of the Highlanders to civilian management and self-government, peasant and land reforms, social equality and peaceful classes.

КОМПОНЕНТЫ ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ ЭТНОКУЛЬТУРНОГО ПРОСТРАНСТВА ПОСТСОВЕТСКИХ СТРАН

The collapse of the Soviet Union resulted in a radical ethnic transformation, the study of which requires the development of its own tools in geography. Drawing on the concept of geocultural space and geo-ethnocultural systems, the article proposes a methodological tool for identifying the main components of the territorial structure of the ethnocultural space of post-Soviet countries. The method was tested based on the results of the 2009–2011 population census rounds. It allows taking into account the proportion of the Russians and the titular population of national-state entities simultaneously. In total, we have identified eight main components of the territorial structure of the ethnocultural space of post-Soviet countries. Three of them reveal the structure of the Russian geo-ethnocultural system in the main territory of residence of the Russian ethnos in Russia (Russian ethnic core, contact zone, and inner periphery). The remaining five components reflect the degree of manifestation of the ethnic nuclei of national geo-ethnocultural systems while taking into account the influence of the Russian geo-ethnocultural system on them. In particular, within Russia, some national autonomies proved to pertain to a category of regions with a clear dominance of the Russian geo-ethnocultural system.

Soviet Identity in Socio- and Ethnocultural Space of Modern Ukraine

The article deals with the phenomenon of Soviet identity in the modern Ukrainian society. On the basis of the survey, conducted among the representatives of different regions of Ukraine, the author identified respondents with Soviet identity, analyzed their social sentiments and their impact on the formation or breaking of the all-Ukrainian identity. Also, the factors shaping the positive image of the Soviet past were defined.The paper discovered that nostalgia for the Soviet past and devotion to the Soviet cultural and historical narratives are caused by such factors as social security and wealth, confidence in the future; paternalism; deep-rooted ideological clichés and the Soviet value system; remnants of the Soviet cultural heritage in the Ukrainian sociocultural space; family background of the Soviet memory; lack of critical re-evaluation of the Soviet past, etc. The author considers that “hybrid post-memory” is one of the factors that hold back Ukraine’s escaping from the Soviet historical and cultural space. This is when the people’s “memory” about political repressions and dekulakization is getting weak if their forefathers had not suffered from those tragedies. The survey demonstrates the low level of public activity among the respondents, caused by the autocratic and paternalistic model of the Soviet society, which means the need to be ruled and, as a result, disclaims personal and public responsibility and delegates it to others who can bring discipline into all spheres of life.The process of obtaining a new identity by Ukrainians is slow and sometimes contradictory, especially in the southeastern regions of Ukraine, where the majority of the population come under the strong impact of Russian and Soviet cultural and historical narratives. In particular, the survey results show that extreme anti-Ukrainian sentiments are revealed by the respondents with a strong Soviet identity.