The achievements of the branch of Ethnomusicology (Ethnomusicology) have become views, theories and methods used by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization - UNESCO in its progressive activities around the world. The views and theories of this science have also begun to appear, strongly developed in the music studies of ethnic groups in Vietnam since the 1980s of the twentieth century, impact, influence and are used in many state policies for the preservation and promotion of historical monuments, types of culture and art. However, in some places, there is still a need for analysis, explanation as well as introduction to use. This article aims to introduce the views, theories and methods of the ethnographic music industry on the issue of Conservation - promotion or Inheriting - development of the music of ethnic minorities in Vietnam.