Ethnic Minorities In Vietnam Research Articles

Climate change, livelihood resilience, and gender: An intersectional analysis of Vietnam's forest-dependent communities

Integrating gender-disaggregated data and adopting a gender-focused perspective are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of climate change issues. This study provides empirical evidence from two ethnic minorities in Vietnam, highlighting how perceptions of livelihood resilience vary by gender, geographical context, and ethnicity, with a particular emphasis on their intersections. Over 13 months, data were gathered through 3 focus group discussions, in-depth interviews with 9 key informants, field observations, and surveys of 136 households. The findings revealed a low average Household Livelihood Resilience (HLR) score of 0.434, indicating limited resilience among forest-dependent households facing external shocks. Notably, a significant gender gap was evident, with men demonstrating higher resilience levels than women, a disparity attributed to entrenched social norms and cultural practices. Women, often confined to domestic roles, faced barriers to community involvement and access to financial resources, which weakened their ability to cope with and recover from adverse events. To address these issues, the study advocates for climate actions that prioritize gender equality and aim to enhance women's resilience. This includes amplifying their voices through tailored training programs and initiatives such as women-managed microfinance groups. The study also emphasizes the policy implications for advancing gender equality, sustainable forest management, and livelihood resilience. However, this work has limitations, including a small sample size and reliance on self-reported data, which may introduce biases. Future research should involve a larger, more diverse sample of forest-dependent communities and examine various dimensions of vulnerability to provide a more nuanced understanding of resilience factors.

Predicting the risk of type 2 diabetes: Standardized diabetes risk score among the Khmer ethnic minority in Vietnam.

Predicting the risk of progression to type 2 diabetes, as well as identifying the factors that increase this risk, helps the population adjust the modifiable risk factors, improve quality of life, and reduce the disease burden. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 918 ethnic Khmer minority people aged 40 and above in Vietnam who had never been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. To predict the 10-year risk of type 2 diabetes, the Finnish Diabetes Risk Scoring Scale, adjusted for the Asian population with modification of the waist circumpherence and Body Mass Index Cut-Offs, was used. The 10-year predicted risk of progression to type 2 diabetes in ethnic Khmer people aged 40 years and older in southern Vietnam, using the Asian-modified Finnish Diabetes Risk Scoring Scale, resulted 10.54% in the total population study, females have a higher risk at 12.62% compared to 8.01% of males. Among the items that make up the Finnish Diabetes Risk Scoring Scale, age, waist circumference, BMI, family history of diabetes, history of high blood glucose, and use of blood pressure medication were the most accurate predictors, with the area under the Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve at 0.83, 0.81, 0.77, 0.75, 0.74 and 0.73 respectively. The optimal cut-off score to identify progression to tipe 2 diabetes was 13.5 points (Se = 1.00, Sp = 1.00, p < 0.001). The multivariable logistic regression model shows that factors associated with high risk of type 2 diabetes progression in 10 years are age, gender, occupation, economic status, education level and regular alcohol consumption (p < 0.05). The study results provide a basis for proposing potential solutions to reduce modifiable risk factors for type 2 diabetes in the population. These include providing culturally appropriate health education and changing behavior to address alcohol consumption. The use of the Asian-modified Finnish Diabetes Risk Scoring Scale to predict the risk of progression to type 2 diabetes and as a screening tool for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes is appropriate for the Vietnamese Khmer population.

Introduction to the Point of View on Conservation – Promotion and Succession – Development for the Oral Music Backgrounds of Ethnomusicology Industry

The achievements of the branch of Ethnomusicology (Ethnomusicology) have become views, theories and methods used by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization - UNESCO in its progressive activities around the world. The views and theories of this science have also begun to appear, strongly developed in the music studies of ethnic groups in Vietnam since the 1980s of the twentieth century, impact, influence and are used in many state policies for the preservation and promotion of historical monuments, types of culture and art. However, in some places, there is still a need for analysis, explanation as well as introduction to use. This article aims to introduce the views, theories and methods of the ethnographic music industry on the issue of Conservation - promotion or Inheriting - development of the music of ethnic minorities in Vietnam.

Trends of Changes in the Culture of Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam (A Case Study of the Bahnar People in Kon Tum Province)

Trends of Changes in the Culture of Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam (A Case Study of the Bahnar People in Kon Tum Province)

WRITING SYSTEMS OF ETHNIC MINORITY LANGUAGES IN VIETNAM AND THE CASE OF NUNG

&#x0D; There are over 33 writing systems of ethnic minority languages in a truly multilingual country of Vietnam, some of them are traditional writing systems, while others have been created in recent decades. This paper provides an overview of writing systems of ethnic minority languages in Vietnam. It also presents a closer look at the way the language policy is implemented in Vietnam and the effect it has over language competence, language use and language attitudes of Vietnamese people towards their writing systems. Despite the fact that a great number of minority ethnicities in Vietnam have their own writing systems and some of them have more than one writing system, very few ethnic minorities can use their local writing systems as the levels of literacy are quite low. The paper reveals that although Vietnam has gained remarkable achievements in preserving and promoting languages and writing systems of ethnic minorities, there is still a lot to be done. The advantages of the current language policy of Vietnam regarding the ethnic minority languages and writing systems are quite substantial. At the same time the study also notes the disadvantages that cause difficulties in preserving and promoting languages of ethnic minorities in Vietnam, including the case of Nung language.

A Number of Issues Regarding Writing System for Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam

A Number of Issues Regarding Writing System for Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam

The Challenges of Education Development of Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam and Handling Solutions

Education for ethnic minorities (EM) in Vietnam faces different challenges. In each stage of the country’s development, it stands before the difficulties and problems rooted in various specific socio-economic and cultural factors. In the present, even though the government has put many efforts to develop EMs, the gap between the ethnic majority and EMs is still not narrowed, even unchanged in some aspects. Being one of the decisive factors for the development of EMs, education should be put in the centre of the efforts of the Vietnam government. This article analyses some challenges to the education development of EMs. The concept covering the contents of this article is that in any country, especially in Vietnam as a developing country, the government cannot narrow the development gap between ethnic majority Kinh on the one hand and EMs on the other hand if the latter’s right to education is not appropriately provided and duly implemented.

Investigating elements influencing cultural communication behavior of kindergarten students from ethnic minorities in Vietnam's educational system

The development of communication skills is crucial, particularly for directing the cultural communication practices of kindergarten students and ethnic minority students. The goal of the study was to examine the reality of children's engagement in cultural communication behavior and the reality of the elements that influenced the educational process of cultural communication behavior. There were 130 participants, including 30 administrators and 100 kindergarten teachers from ethnic minorities. The study found out that students were engaged in intercultural activities at an average rate and less frequently. In addition, it was evident that elements such as focus, the direction of management, and the expertise of educators had the biggest influence on the educational process. The study recommends that educators implement a policy of fair support for teachers and students, provide instructors with capacity-building training, and collaborate closely with students' families to increase the learning quality of student work. For kindergarteners to learn how to act in a way that is culturally communicative they need a lot of attention and direction from all levels on how to make policies that will improve the skills of both teachers and students. This is because the goal of education is to help children develop behaviors that are culturally communicative. At the same time, teachers work with the kids' families to teach them about cultural communication patterns in the best way possible.

FOLK BELIEFS IN ETHNIC MINORITY COMMUNITIES IN HA GIANG PROVINCE IN THE CURRENT INTEGRATION CONTEXT

Folk beliefs of ethnic minorities in Vietnam in general and folk beliefs of ethnic minorities in Ha Giang province in particular are extremely diverse and rich. Folk beliefs are cultural and spiritual activities, indispensable spiritual food of the majority of ethnic groups. The application process needs to identify, besides positive values, folk beliefs also have certain limitations, especially idealism, superstition. Therefore, when applying folk beliefs, it is necessary to consider and select the factors that are suitable not only for ethnic minorities, but also in accordance with the Party's viewpoint in the spirit of Resolution No. 33. -NQ/TW dated June 9th, 2014 of the 11th Party Central Committee on building and developing culture and people to meet the requirements of sustainable development of the country. Only then will we ensure the successful implementation of the matter of orienting a healthy cultural and spiritual life in the process of building Vietnamese people in the current integration context for all ethnic groups in general and other ethnic groups in Ha Giang province in particular.

Particularity in commonality: sense of ethnic and citizenship identities among minority youth in Vietnam

ABSTRACT Drawing on interview data, this article examines the sense of ethnic and citizenship identities among a group of young ethnic minorities in Vietnam. Findings suggest that the youth highlighted their identity in three main forms (albeit flexibly): dual identities, citizenship identity, or ethnic identity, that reflects the ways they reproduced or resisted the Vietnamese government’s discourses about a common citizenship, and national identity and unity. The view of particularity-in-commonality held by the majority of them might be a consequence of their exposure to these discourses. Implications regarding ethnic and social cohesion are then suggested.

ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЬНАЯ БЮРОКРАТИЯ И ИНКЛЮЗИВНОСТЬ: ГРАЖДАНСКОЕ УЧАСТИЕ ЭТНИЧЕСКИХ МЕНЬШИНСТВ В УПРАВЛЕНИИ ВО ВЬЕТНАМЕ

In the context of Vietnam, with fifty-four ethnic minority groups and sixty-three provinces/municipalities, this study aims to fill a gap in the literature by looking at ethnic representation and its influence on citizen participation at the local level based on Representative Bureaucracy and Inclusion theory. We use the combination of three datasets the Public Administration Performance Index (PAPI), the Committee for Ethnic Minorities Affair, and the General Statistics Office of 63 provinces in Vietnam from 2012 to 2017. We run a panel data analysis random-effects model (REM) with White-Huber standard errors to correct heteroskedasticity in current years to estimate the effects. Findings support the research hypothesis that ethnic minority groups in Vietnam are negatively associated with citizen participation in the local government, particularly in civic knowledge. Additionally, the level of citizen participation is also negatively related to the urbanization, unemployment, and poverty rates of each province. However, it is positively associated with the education level of each province's population. With these findings, this study also proposes some policy implications to ensure the development rights of ethnic minorities in Vietnam.

Cultural reference of respect and affection of Tay people through vocative words

Culture has close relationship with many fields, including Linguistics. Language is a special product of culture, and especially Language of ethnic minorities in Vietnam is among concerns for research. It is a means of communication and a tool for thinking. Language is a means to reflect, maintain and develop culture. Any meaningful sign of a language also contains a cultural element. Vocative words are one of those cases. The article explores the vocative words system in human language Tay in Tuyen Quang Province, Vietnam and concluded that culture is not only a factor that generates language, but also an environment for language to exist and develop. Through the system of vocative words in the Tay language, it shows the cultural characteristics of respect and affection of the Tay people.

Adaptation Strategies and Livelihood Vulnerability of Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam: A Case of the Khmer Community in Mekong Delta

This study investigates the impact of climate change adaptation strategies on the livelihood vulnerability of ethnic minority households in Vietnam, specifically the Khmer people in the Mekong River Delta. Research data were collected from 426 Khmer farming households in three provinces—namely Tra Vinh, Soc Trang, and Kien Giang—which comprise the largest Khmer population. Vulnerability is measured using the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) with weights based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results show that Khmer households have a moderate level of vulnerability, and that Khmer households in Tra Vinh province have a significantly higher level of vulnerability than the other two localities. Multivariate regression analysis reveals that adaptation strategies have a significant impact on reducing livelihood vulnerabilities. Moreover, results highlight the relationship of the livelihood vulnerability level to factors such as education level of household head, gender of household head, household's land area, household labor force, dependency ratio, poor household, housing status, agricultural and nonagricultural income, information access, social network access, local support policies, credit access, climatic shocks, and perception of climate change.

Law on Right to Education of Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam

The article aims to clarify the law on the right to education of ethnic minorities in Vietnam. Based on document sources, especially documents of the Vietnamese government and state, the article analyses three basic issues: 1). Legal provisions on the right to study of ethnic minorities in Vietnam; 2) Achievements and limitations of human rights law enforcement in Vietnam; 3) Some suggestions on improving the effectiveness of the enforcement of the right to education of ethnic minorities in Vietnam. The research results contribute to shed light on ensuring the educational rights of digital-savvy ethnic groups in Vietnam now and in the future.

Law on Right to Education of Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam

Law on Right to Education of Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam

Research on gender in access to economic resources and labor market of ethnic minorities in Vietnam

Based on the results of a survey done in 2019 to collect information on the socioeconomic state of 53 ethnic minorities in Vietnam, as well as some current study findings on economic resources and in the labor market of ethnic minorities, the article aims to provide more solutions for Vietnamese authorities and policymakers in the process of developing and implementing policies for ethnic minority areas. Thereby contributing to the effective and comprehensive promotion of gender equality in ethnic minority areas in the future.

Negotiating marginality: Towards an understanding of diverse development pathways of ethnic minorities in Vietnam

AbstractExisting studies on socio‐economic differentiation in Vietnam focus on the inequality between the ethnic majority and minorities while neglecting the disparities among ethnic minorities. Using a framework to analyse marginalisation at different scales, we identified through an extensive literature review the diverse ways in which ethnic groups develop strategies to transform or maintain their marginality. These strategies depend on, at the same time influence, inequalities that manifest in processes of social differentiations and power relations. Elucidating these processes of inequalities enables us to promote livelihood opportunities that support the diverse development pathways of different ethnic groups, thus increasing the relevance of development interventions.

A Change in Traditional Beliefs of Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam’s Central Highlands Today and Some Policy - Related Recommendations

The Central Highlands is an adjacent highland strip with an important geopolitical position in terms of security and defense in the West Central region of Vietnam. Currently, in this area, there are 47 out of 53 Vietnamese ethnic groups residing together. The article briefly introduces the ethnic groups, in Vietnam’s Central Highlands, their traditional beliefs, some changes in beliefs and ritual practices of people in the Central Highlands in recent years, proposes a number of recommendations to the State of Vietnam on preserving and promoting the traditional cultural and religious values ​​of the Central Highlands ethnic groups to serve the sustainable development of Vietnam's ethnic minority areas. Keywords: Ethnic minorities, beliefs, values, traditions, Central Highlands, conservation, promotion DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/11-23-01 Publication date: December 31 st 2021

Assessing Factors Affecting Living Standards of Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam

The authors investigate factors affecting living standards of ethnic minorities in Vietnam by using the Household Living Standards Survey 2018 dataset (VHLSS) and model regression. It is found that income has the strongest influence on living standards of ethnic minorities, while health insurance has an opposite effect. This finding provides the basis for the research team to make a number of recommendations and solutions for stakeholders to ensure and improve living standards of ethnic minorities in Vietnam.

Investigation of the Language Usage of Hmong Ethnic People in the Northwest (Tây Bắc) Region of Vietnam - A Case Study in Bắc Yên, Sơn La province

The linguistics research in general and in particular, sociolinguistic study of ethnic minorities in Vietnam is a fascinating topic, but is also a very complicated subject in term of some typical reasons. The complication of the subject is originated from the objective reasons such as natural conditions, social and economic conditions and some other subjective reasons which belong to subjective of languages-the ethnic minorities. Hence, when considering the language scenarios of the ethnic minorities in general and the status of using language of ethnic people in particular, the selection of research subject and survey area are very important. Discussing on this subject, author Van Khang Nguyen in his work “Social linguistics” has speculated that: “first of all, one can see that the key point of the perception when investigating language from the perspective of sociolinguistics is the sociability and the variability of language.” The birth of language is the development need of human society and the development of the human society leads to the development of language which aims to meet the need of communication. Therefore, when studying language, the sociolinguistics always set the relationship between social transformations with the language usage. In our case study, the Hmong people in Bắc Yên district is an ethnic group with many typical characteristics for Hmong in Sơn La province as well as in the Northwest region of Vietnam. Currently, the language of Hmong people in Bắc Yên raises quite topical questions. For example, it is important to understand how Hmong people use their native language, national language and foreign language at the same time in their daily activities. How do Hmong people use Hmong writing system in their communication situation? What is their attitude with their language? The above-mentioned questions urged us to carry out a case study on the language usage status of Hmong people in the Northwest Vietnam.