The sustainable development of the ethnic minorities in Vietnam: The Indian experience and policy implications

Thanh Hang Pham,Ekaterina Nikolaeva,V Kankhva

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202125805004

Thanh Hang Pham, Ekaterina Nikolaeva + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125805004

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Abstract

India is a country with diverse ethnic groups. To ensure special rights and benefits for ethnic minority groups aim at the sustainable development of the ethnic groups, the Indian Government has regulations on preferential treatment in terms of policies, capital provision, education and employment opportunities included in its Constitution. In addition to providing legal protection to minorities in the Constitution, the Government also implements national projects to promote socio-economic development in ethnic minority areas, establishing various agencies to manage issues of the groups. These are useful recommendations for Vietnam in ensuring the rights of ethnic minorities. In this article, the author will focus on clarifying the basic contents of Indian Government for ensuring the rights of ethnic minority groups and drawing some policy suggestions for Vietnam.

Highlights

India is a large country with a time-testing civilisation and the second biggest population in the world
This article analyses the guarantee of the rights of ethnic minorities in India and policy implications for Vietnam
India and Vietnam are both countries with diverse ethnic groups

Summary

Introduction

India is a large country with a time-testing civilisation and the second biggest population in the world (only after China). Indian people is a mix of different races, languages and cultures. According to the 2011 census, Indian people consists of two main groups, Indo-Aryan (72%) and Dravidian (25%); the remaining 3% of the population are Mongolians and other ethnic minorities (https://www.worldatlas.com). The Indian Government neither clearly classifies ethnic groups in the country, nor recognises the existence of ethnic majorities; and not clarified is the concept of ethnic minorities in the Constitution of India, either. From the very early stage, Article 342 of the Constitution of India uses the phrase "Scheduled Tribes" to refer to tribes, tribal groups or small, sporadic groups (http://wenku.baidu.com). The Indian Government relies on characteristics of language, residence, culture and population to recognise small and sporadic ethnic groups in society as well as the system of policies and laws to protect and reserve special attention for these social groups.

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