Role Of Ethics Research Articles

The Role of Water Ethics in the Development of Water Conservation Behaviors

The Role of Water Ethics in the Development of Water Conservation Behaviors

The past, present, and future of social media marketing ethics

Abstract As social media increasingly permeates everyday life, ethical concerns about its use are coming into sharper focus. At the same time, the ethical issues involved in social media marketing have received somewhat limited attention from marketing research and practice. Therefore, many scholars are calling out for a better understanding of the role of ethics in social media marketing decisions. Current marketing ethics theories do not sufficiently consider the unique dynamics of social media. To aid researchers, practitioners, and policymakers, we propose a theoretical framework to address issues in social media marketing ethics built on theories of normative and descriptive ethics. This framework considers the normative and descriptive ethics within firm-internal and firm-external factors in the fields of law, regulation and norms, platform conditions, and stakeholder value. Then, applying a thematically built systematic literature review, we identify and discuss five distinct themes of research in social media marketing ethics: (I) advertising and customer–brand relationships; (II) the dark side of social media; (III) privacy; (IV) fake news; and (V) emerging research. These themes and their implications are discussed using the proposed theoretical framework. Our study provides a comprehensive overview and synthesis of ethical challenges in social media marketing and suggests possible research avenues for the future. In doing so, it outlines pressing issues that require attention from researchers, policymakers, and practitioners to ensure an ethically sustainable approach to social media marketing.

Ethical Leadership, Teacher Professional Development and Parent Engagement: Basis for School Management Development Plan

This dissertation employed descriptive research to determine the relationship among ethical leadership, teacher professional development and parent engagement for school management development plan in one of the town districts in Batangas. Using the random sampling method to support statistical analysis of a set data, 422 secondary school teachers were involved in the study. Demographic analysis revealed that predominantly of respondents were female, who finished bachelor’s degree with less than 20 years length of service. Ethical guidance and role clarification were the strongest aspects in ethical leadership, while power sharing and fairness scored weaker. Learning environment and educational planning were most prominent for teacher professional development, while research based, and educational technology were less emphasized. Parent responsibilities and contact and influence ranked highest in parent engagement, whereas involvement at home and participation ranked least. Additionally, there exists a significant difference of responses on ethical leadership, teacher professional development and parent engagement when grouped according to profile. A highly significant relationship existed among ethical leadership, teacher professional development, and parent engagement. This implies that schools with ethical leadership are more likely to achieve higher teacher professional development and demonstrate active level of parent engagement. In the end, a school management development plan was proposed to continuously enhance schools’ ethical leadership, teacher professional development and parent engagement. Hence, this dissertation explored the characteristics of ethical leadership in an educational setting, analyzing its impact on teacher motivation and access to professional development opportunities and finally foster strong partnership with parents to address diverse family cultural needs in enhancing the overall quality of educational system.

The Mediating Role of Islamic Work Ethics in the Effect of Psychological Capital on Organizational Citizenship Behavior

INTRODUCTION: Organizational issues have been centered on psychological and behavioral problems of the employment staff for the last couple of decades. Psychological capital affects the individual as well as the organizational level to a great extent. Higher psychological capital amongst employees is more likely to bring improvement in motivation, engagement, and performance thereof. The present study was undertaken with the purpose of investigating the mediating effect of Islamic work ethics on the influence of psychological capital on organizational citizenship behavior. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The method of data collection is library and field methodologies. Based on the type, nature of data is descriptive. All the educational specialists at Yasuj University are considered the population of the research. Thus, it has a sample size of 102. According to Cochran's formula, 81 samples were selected. Standard questionnaires on organizational citizenship behavior, Islamic work ethics, and psychological capital are used for data collection. Data interpretation utilized the SMART-PLS software and the Partial Least Squares analysis method. RESULTS: The direct paths of psychological capital effecting Islamic work ethics, psychological capital on organizational citizenship behavior, and Islamic work ethics on organizational citizenship behavior were statistically significant and positive at p < 0.01. Moreover, the mediation role of Islamic work ethics between psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior was confirmed at p < 0.01. CONCLUSION: In this study, it can be seen from the analysis that psychological capital has a significant effect on perceived organizational citizenship behavior with Islamic work ethics as a variable that mediates.

Sentry eyes? Women directors and corporate penalties

The ethical role of women directors is the source of increasing scholarly interest. This study investigates the impact of women directors on corporate misconduct using a dataset of U.S. firms listed between 2002 and 2019. It reveals a significantly negative association between women board directors and corporate misconduct. This association is robust to alternate proxies and regression techniques accounting for potential endogeneity. This study finds that an increase in the proportion of women directors by one standard deviation decreases corporate penalties amount by approximately 1.911%. It also notes that the impact of women directors on corporate misconduct is significant when the board has at least three women and is mainly influenced by independent, rather than executive, women directors. Moreover, the relationship between women directors and corporate misconduct is driven by governance quality, external monitoring, and industry nature. Overall, the investigation indicates that the presence of women directors provides ‘sentry eyes’ to corporate boards and reduces corporate misconduct. These findings contribute to the continuing debate on the role of women directors and board diversity and have implications for devising effective corporate governance mechanisms.

Failing the state self: on the politics of state shame

Abstract Observers have noted that world politics is replete with shame. Whether they observe this concerning the apologies regarding past atrocities, the felt necessity for revenge after a humiliating defeat, the feelings that populist leaders find antithetical to the greatness of their nation, or the affective responses to the latter's election, shame seems to be ubiquitous. Vital to understanding the particular politics of this emotion is the concept of state shame. However, the origins, divergent effects, and social and moral roles of state shame are left obscure in International Relations (IR) scholarship, making the concept undertheorized and in need of further elaboration. The primary goal of this research is to (re)conceptualize state shame as a narrative on the social position of the state by building on insights developed by IR theory, sociology, and social psychology. Moreover, the article proposes four types of state shame narratives, namely situational shame, narcissistic shame, aggressive shame, and deferential shame, that can separately account for the divergent effects and social and moral roles that the emotion can be attributed with. These four types, and the politics that characterize them, aim to capture and explain lived practices and meanings that state shame can come to hold.

Digital business world and ethical dilemmas: a systematic literature review

AbstractThe digital transition in the business world emerged as a necessity during the health crisis. Along with businesses transitioning into the innovative digital sphere, ethical issues also appeared. To switch to new technologies, companies must not only be aware of but also engage in digital practices and, last but not least, consider the importance of ethics. Talking about ethics in business is easy since we have a series of guidelines. It becomes more complicated when we face digital ethics and robots that do not have morals. Such a transition requires companies to rethink and innovate their business models and how they offer their customers value, while simultaneously considering digital ethical matters and even environmental and social aspects. This systematic literature review highlights—from the company's perspective—the key topics that characterize digitalization and the crucial role of ethics, describing the internal and external factors to consider in transition processes. The research results propose a series of guidelines but also open up new research opportunities to facilitate the digital transition in the business environment while respecting its ethical aspects. The main contribution of the research is to the specialist literature, deepening the topic and identifying some key aspects regarding the crucial role of ethics in the digital transition.

Empathy’s Role in Engineering Ethics: Empathizing with One’s Self to Others Across the Globe

Engineers make decisions with global impacts and empathy can motivate ethical reasoning and behavior that is sensitive to the needs and perspectives of stakeholders across the globe. Microethics and macroethics offer two frames of reference for engineering ethics education, but different dimensions of empathy play distinct roles in micro- and macroethics. Microethics emphasizes individual responsibility and interpersonal relationships whereas macroethics emphasizes societal obligations and impacts. While empathy can support ethical reasoning and behavior for each, in this paper I argue that affective empathy plays a primary (but not exclusive) role in microethics whereas cognitive empathy plays a primary role in macroethics. Gilligan’s and Kohlberg’s theories of moral development are used to further depict how affective empathy aligns with care (depicted as an interpersonal phenomenon) and how cognitive empathy aligns with justice (depicted as a systems-focused phenomenon), thus positioning these ethical principles as playing primary (but again, not exclusive) roles in micro- and macro-ethics, respectively. Building on these ideas, this study generates a framework that describes and visualizes how empathy manifests across six frames of reference, each of which are increasingly macro-ethical in nature: self, team, operators, participants, bystanders, and future generations. The paper describes how proxy stakeholders can be identified, developed, and leveraged to empathize with stakeholder groups. Taken together, the manuscript seeks to clarify the role of empathy in engineering ethics and can enable engineering students to better empathize with the range of stakeholders impacted by engineering decisions, ranging from one’s self to stakeholders across the globe. The intrapersonal understandings and motivations that students generate by empathizing across six frames of reference can facilitate ethical reasoning processes and behaviors that are more inclusive and comprehensive.

The Role of Public Administration Ethics in Realizing Clean and Transparent Governance

Public administration ethics plays a crucial role in realizing clean and transparent governance. In the context of increasing global demands for honest, just, and transparent government actions, public administration ethics ensures that government officials act with integrity, professionalism, and social responsibility. The research aims to analyze the significance of these ethics in promoting governance that is free from corruption, collusion, and nepotism (KKN), and how its application can improve public trust and the quality of services. A qualitative, descriptive research methodology, primarily utilizing a literature review, was employed to explore the role of ethical principles, such as honesty, fairness, openness, and professionalism, in the public administration process. The results of this research indicate that while ethics are integral to fostering a clean government, challenges such as a deeply rooted culture of corruption, ineffective monitoring systems, and lack of public participation hinder their full implementation. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of transparent decision-making, public participation, and accountability in reinforcing these ethical standards. The research concludes that strengthening public administration ethics, alongside enhancing transparency and citizen engagement, is essential for ensuring the effectiveness, fairness, and trustworthiness of public governance. Consequently, it provides recommendations for governmental reform to enhance ethical practices, improve public service delivery, and foster a more accountable and transparent system.

Validation of the Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES) in Nursing Students: The Role of Ethics as a Protector of Student Compassion.

Ethics is one of the essential concepts associated with professional nursing practice, and can play a part in the development of compassion. Although a number of instruments have been developed for the measurement of ethics, most are context-specific or excessively lengthy. The Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES) overcomes these problems. The goal is to translate, adapt, and validate the Spanish version of the Santa Clara Ethics Scale and to study the role of ethics, as a moral resource, in the prediction of the levels of compassion of nursing students. This study is a translation, adaptation, and validation study, with a cross-sectional design. A total of 924 Spanish nursing students participated in this study. Ethics and compassion for others were measured. Analyses included a confirmatory factor analysis, reliability estimates, and a structural equation model in which ethics explained the five correlated dimensions of compassion for others. The confirmatory factor analysis had an adequate fit: χ2(35) = 173.56 (p < 0.01), CFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.92, RMSEA = 0.07 [90% CI = 0.06, 0.08], and SRMR = 0.05. Internal consistency was adequate (α = 0.74; ω = 0.83). The predictive model pointed to positive and statistically significant relationships between ethics and all dimensions of compassion for others. The SCES can be considered a suitable instrument for the assessment of ethics in the Spanish nursing population and, thus, can be used as a tool for the measurement of key ethical competencies during the nursing degree. Moreover, the development of ethics is likely to improve the compassion levels of students. Ethics is, then, a key internal resource for both nursing students' compassionate care skills and, consequently, must be taken into account when redefining nursing students' curricula.

On becoming and being an Entrepreneur: Revisiting Hamka’s Lembaga Budi

Entrepreneurship is a type of work that is very interesting and challenging with lots of competition. However, in order to become a successful entrepreneur, some capital and skills are required. This study aims to find out the skills that entrepreneurs need to have in starting a business in Hamka's work entitled Lembaga Budi. Primary and secondary data were collected from Hamka's works and other works that have a focus relevant to this research. The data collected was analyzed using content data analysis, namely by combining topics relevant to entrepreneurship. The results of this study reveal, according to Hamka, that to become a successful entrepreneur, at least several important things are needed, namely: knowledge related to entrepreneurship, self-confidence, great will, work and time planning, focus on the company or job, the role of government in the entrepreneurial sector, the importance maintaining trust, maintaining product or service quality, conducting market research, promotion strategies and excellent service to customers. The results of this study contribute to enriching discourse in entrepreneurship, especially in Islamic entrepreneurship and the role of ethics in business.

How Far Artificial Intelligence influenced Mu'allim, Murabbi, and Mudarris? Transhumanism and Diffusion of Innovation Theory's Perspective

The rapid growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has begun to change many elements of education, including Islamic religious education. Traditionally, Mu'allim, Murabbi, and Mudarris have played important roles in teaching, ethics, and spiritual guidance. However, little is known about the impact of AI on the shifting existence of these terminologies. This research delves into the impact of AI on the responsibilities and perspectives of Mu'allim, Murabbi, and Mudarris, especially through the lens of transhumanism and the diffusion of innovation theory. This study uses qualitative methods to examine data, exploring the variations in AI integration in Islamic education across diverse cultural and regional backgrounds while also recognizing the specific best practices and challenges in each setting. The research seeks to close the gap in understanding between contemporary technology and Islamic educational customs by examining the evolving responsibilities of educators in the age of artificial intelligence. The findings raise significant issues regarding the preservation of human-centered values in religious education while also highlighting the potential of AI to improve educational methods. This study bridges the gap between traditional educational philosophies and technology breakthroughs, contributing to the increasing body of literature on AI in education and providing insightful information for Islamic studies researchers.

COVID-19 e atitudes frente ao isolamento social: o papel das posições políticas, moralidade e Fakes News

O enfrentamento da pandemia da COVID-19 é um desafio global, sendo o isolamento social uma das principais formas de prevenção do contágio. No Brasil, no entanto, a discussão sobre o isolamento tem se inserido na arena política de um contexto já polarizado. Nesse âmbito, a presente pesquisa buscou investigar o papel exercido pela moralidade e pelas Fake News na relação entre posições políticas e atitude frente ao isolamento social. Participaram da pesquisa 147 pessoas, que indicaram suas posições políticas e responderam a medidas de isolamento social, Fake News e moralidade. Os resultados indicaram que a posição política exerceu uma influência direta no isolamento social, independente da crença em Fake News e dos índices de moralidade. Conclui-se que a polarização política do país parece estar se transformando em um problema de saúde pública durante a pandemia.

Reflecting on the Role of Designers in Society

This special issue of Temes de Disseny explores the ethical, theoretical and practical roles of designers in the 21st century, focusing on design justice, community engagement, digitalization, AI, healthcare and social justice. In today’s world, beset by multifaceted crises, these changes must trigger a reflection on the strategic direction of design practice to keep its social and economic importance in society relevant and productive. Increasingly, designers are focusing on social and ethical considerations, ensuring their processes and outcomes align with sustainability, well-being, privacy and broader societal impact. This shift has sparked a growing interest in examining the complex role of designers through various lenses. This issue of Temes de Disseny delves into these topics through original research papers, case studies and a provocation.

ORGANIZATIONS BUILDING TRUST, COHESION, FRATERNITY, AND FRIENDSHIP OUTSIDE THE FAMILY AND WITHIN THE COMMUNITY

AbstractThe author is managing director of Our Community, an Australian social enterprise. He provides context on what it’s like being a leader in that country. He describes Our Community as “basically a support organization for not‐for‐profit organizations (NFPs) and a software vendor to government.” In relating its origins, he writes that “I wanted to break new ground in this country with a new thing that would reward its employees, that I could make some money from, and that would do good in the world.” He also explains that “without support from investors who are poised precisely between commerce and philanthropy, leadership would simply be beside the point. From the beginning, Our Community was for‐profit, but not for‐profit only. A lot of our offerings were free, subsidized by our profit centers.” He also points to the pivotal role of ethics for him, and that he was “awarded a Vincent Fairfax Ethics in Leadership scholarship 30 years ago and it was a seminal moment in my career.” A separate sidebar explains, “What We Believe,” “What We Do,” and “How We Work.” For instance, in the latter: “We believe in a work environment that allows for an authentic life balance.”

Human dignity and the pursuit of knowledge in Islamic thought: Insights from the Quran

This research examines the interplay between human dignity and the pursuit of knowledge within Islamic thought, using insights from the Quran. It explores how Islamic epistemology emphasizes the harmonious integration of divine revelation and human reason, underscoring the importance of knowledge as a key factor in both intellectual and spiritual development. By analyzing the contributions of classical Islamic scholars, such as Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, and Al-Ghazali, alongside Western epistemological traditions, the study highlights complementary and contrasting approaches to understanding knowledge and its role in shaping ethics and governance. Furthermore, the research draws on contemporary case studies, such as the Marrakesh Declaration and Masdar City, to illustrate how Quranic principles of cooperation, justice, and environmental stewardship can inform modern societal frameworks. Ultimately, the study argues for the continued relevance of Islamic thought in addressing contemporary global challenges, emphasizing that the pursuit of knowledge not only advances scientific discovery but also promotes human dignity, justice, and societal well-being.

Giorgio Agamben Thrown Down to Earth

Giorgio Agamben Thrown Down to Earth This article reflects on Giorgio Agamben’s work Where Are We Now? The Epidemic as Politics (2021), a collection of essays examining the COVID-19 pandemic through the lens of the state of exception. Agamben argues that liberal democracies are shifting towards normalising the state of exception, leading to an erosion of democratic principles. While his insights offer a critical perspective on state power and public health, his analysis fails to address the role of corporations, particularly Big Pharma and Big Tech, in producing and regulating pandemic measures such as vaccinations and QR codes. This omission overlooks the growing power of corporations, which increasingly act like sovereign entities. Agamben’s critics argue that his reflections remain overly abstract and pessimistic, particularly in the context of concrete policy measures. This article attempts to bridge Agamben’s theories with expert insights from Dutch institutions such as the WRR and KNAW, but finds that translating his abstract critiques into practical policies diminishes their appeal. Nonetheless, the role of philosophy and ethics, as argued here, is not to offer solutions but to critically interrogate the ethical implications of policy decisions.

Are all luxury guests the same? A benefit segmentation of 5-star hotel customers

PurposeThis research aims at identifying segments of luxury guests based on the benefits they seek when staying at 5-star hotels. The study also wants to investigate whether ethics and sustainability have a role in differentiating the segments.Design/methodology/approachAn online panel survey allowed the collection of 508 responses with participants from Switzerland that spent at least one night in a 5-star hotel between 2022 and 2023. The survey asked about perceived benefits, sustainable tourist behavior, preferred hotel green practices, trip-related factors and socio-demographics. Hierarchical cluster analysis was employed to group participants on the benefits identified via exploratory factor analysis. The other variables were used for segment profiling.FindingsResults show the existence of three customer segments for 5-star hotels: the ethical enthusiast, the unconcerned aesthete and the practical connoisseur. These differ in the importance they assign to ethical, social and symbolic benefits, as well as functional service benefits. The relevance of sustainability in the luxury hotel experience is stronger for the ethical enthusiast.Practical implicationsLuxury hotel managers should highlight sustainable practices on social media to attract ethical enthusiasts. In addition, marketing content customization should be used to appeal to the benefits and profile of each identified segment.Originality/valueThis is the first study that provides a benefit segmentation of luxury hotel guests, and it is also the first research that considers the role of sustainability and ethics in differentiating these customers.

Trust in Government and Tax Compliance in Indonesia and Malaysia: Do Ethics and Tax Amnesty Matter?

This study examines the moderating role of tax amnesty and the mediating role of ethics in the relationship between trust in government and tax compliance among taxpayers in Indonesia and Malaysia. The data were analysed using the structural equation modeling to examine the mediating role of ethics and hierarchical regression analysis to test the moderating role of tax amnesty in the relationship between trust and tax compliance. Based on the sample collection using the purposive sampling method, the study included 529 respondents from Indonesia and 137 from Malaysia. The findings reveal that the relationship between trust in government and taxpayer compliance is statistically significant with ethics as full mediator in Indonesia. However, the relationship between trust in government and tax compliance is not statistically significant in Malaysia. Ethics has a direct effect on tax compliance in both countries. Tax amnesty does not show a moderating effect in the relationship between trust in government and tax compliance. However, it plays a negative predictive role for tax compliance in Indonesia. This study will assist the government in developing tax compliance strategies to increase tax revenue with the launch of a similar program without neglecting the honest taxpayer.

The Role of Ethics in Library and Information Practice

The Role of Ethics in Library and Information Practice