Ethical Intentions Research Articles

Examining religiosity to determine student ethical behavior intention

<span lang="EN-US">Religiosity remains a black box in educational research; only a few studies conducted regarding religiosity. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine some variables on students’ religiosity. This article attempts to determine the influence of attitude, injunctive norm, moral norm, and perceived behavioral control on student's ethical behavioral intention through religiosity. There were 273 education students from several higher education in Indonesia participated in this study. Questionnaire was used to collect data, while path analysis was used to analyze the data. The results found that injunctive norm, perceived behavioral control, and religiosity directly affected the intention of ethical behavioral. Besides, there was no direct effect between attitude and moral norms and the intention of ethical behavioral. Then, religiosity competent to become the intervening variable of attitude, injunctive norm, moral norm, perceived behavioral control on ethical behavioral intention. The paper can explain the black box that found attitude of a student was influenced by their religiosity or faith and belief. Other than attitude and moral norms, the stronger the religiosity could help students to create a good behavior.</span>

Value co-creation on repurchase intention in sharing economy platform

This study aims to empirically develop and evaluate the role of customer participation, customer ethical perception, and social support in creating value co-creation intention and repurchase intention for SEP customers in Indonesia. The theoretical model regarding the creation of value co-creation and repurchase intention is built based on a theory of planned behavior and literature on value co-creation, customer participation, marketing ethics, and social support. Therefore, using structural equation modeling, 376 empirical data for customers over 15 years old were analyzed. The results reveal that customer participation and ethical perception affect value co-creation intention, while social support does not. In addition, customer participation, ethical perception, SS, and value co-creation intention affect repurchase intention. Value co-creation intention becomes a partial mediator in the relationship between customer participation, customer ethical perception, and repurchase intention. Meanwhile, value co-creation intention cannot be a mediator in the relationship between social support and repurchase intention. This study contributes to the sharing economy literature by providing a holistic antecedent value co-creation intention model. Besides, it also offers important insights for SEP managers.

Ethical decision intention of first-line managers: Case study in Malaysia hotel industry

In this study, the researchers try to identify the factors that encourage/prohibit them to reason and behave ethically in order to derive a prescriptive guidance that can enhance the process, while practicing managers to develop policies and programs that strengthened employees’ ethical resolve on the job. In this study, Bratman’ Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) model used to explain the research framework, the ethical decision intention component (ethical awareness, ethical judgment and ethical intention) are examined how their relationship towards each other. The researchers has employed survey-based approach to meet the study’s objectives and self-administrated questionnaires were used to gather data from 120 first line managers who work in 4-star and 5-star hotels in Malaysia respectively. These significance findings make a unique contribution towards the development of moral theories, as the researchers will not perceive them as individual but a comprehensive process to aware, evaluate and intend to act morally right. Through the findings of this study, it urges organizations to emphasize the importance of the ethical dilemma in their professional education at both the initial stage and through ongoing professional development.

Exploring Determinants of Tourists’ Ethical Behavior Intention for Sustainable Tourism: The Role of Both Pursuit of Happiness and Normative Goal Framing

This study explored variables that determine outbound Korean tourists’ ethical behavior intention during their visits of Southeast Asian countries and analyzed the influencing relationship between them in an integrated manner. The results from the partial least squares path modeling of the R statistical program demonstrate that the pursuit of hedonic and eudaimonic motives plays a positive role in activating normative goal framing which supports tourists’ ethical behavior intention. This study therefore empirically proved the important roles of both the pursuit of happiness in daily life and normative goal framing as motivators that enhance ethical behavior intention at tourist destinations to achieve the goal of sustainable tourism after the pandemic.

The impact of talent management on ethical behavior and intention to stay in the organization

AbstractWhat has been called the war for talent in companies has become a key element in organizations that want to be competitive. Talent management has already been studied and verified in terms of its impact on performance and productivity, and this has led to more and more research generating a professional and scientific interest with other variables, such as ethical behavior. In the present study it is verified, through a model of structural equations, that the organizations that apply strategies of talent management have more ethical behaviors and intention to stay. Talent management and ethical behavior would reinforce work environments, by restoring confidence in the organization. Likewise, talent management implies greater loyalty of talent, that is an antecedent of the intention to stay in the organization.

Ethical Climate: Analyzing the Moderation Effect on Cardinal Virtues and Employees’ Cyber Security Ethical Behavior Intention in Ugandan Commercial Banks.

Purpose: Ethics is the last issue that organizations ponder about when planning cyber security strategies. Yet Ethical behaviors have a big impact on the interactions with software and technology. The lack of employees’ cyber security ethical behavior and a weak ethical climate have encouraged security violations in the banks. Employees organize over 90% cyber security breaches and even cooperate with external attackers to cause havoc. This research aimed at understanding the moderation effect of Ethical Climate on the influence of the ethical virtues and cyber security ethical behavior in the central Ugandan commercial banks.
 Methodology: Ethical climate theory provided the conceptual framework for this study. The quantitative survey method utilizing an online questionnaire was used. Data was obtained from a sample of 240 commercial banks’ employees drawn from Centenary and ABSA banks’ branches in central Uganda. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling was used to test for casual relations between the study’s constructs. The data was analyzed and the hypothesis tested using Mod graphs.
 Findings: The results reveal that ethical climate effect on temperance, courage, prudence and justice was positive but insignificant. All the lines of the mod graphs were parallel meaning that the slope and the influence of cardinal virtues on cyber security ethical behavior intention is the same at all levels of the ethical climate. Inferring that Ethical climate does not moderate the influence of cardinal virtues and cyber security ethical behavior. Ethical Climate on the other hand had a positive and significant influence on cyber security ethical behavior. An increase in ethical climate positively influences an increase in cyber security ethical behavior.
 Contribution to theory and Practice: This research makes a theoretical contribution in promoting ethical climate as a theory that has a positive effect on employees’ cyber security ethical behavior. The research further provides a significant understanding to Ugandan banks administrators, policy makers and cyber security policy implementation committees of the substantial positive influence of Ethical Climate on connection between Virtue ethics and employees’ cyber security ethical behavior.
 Recommendation: The study recommends that the banks need to establish strong ethical climate to allow employees to continue observing cyber security ethical conduct. When the ethical climate is strong, employees experience a lesser amount of force to breach the banks’ cyber security.

Addressing ethical gaps in ‘Technology for Good’: Foregrounding care and capabilities

This paper identifies and addresses persistent gaps in the consideration of ethical practice in ‘technology for good’ development contexts. Its main contribution is to model an integrative approach using multiple ethical frameworks to analyse and understand the everyday nature of ethical practice, including in professional practice among ‘technology for good’ start-ups. The paper identifies inherent paradoxes in the ‘technology for good’ sector as well as ethical gaps related to (1) the sometimes-misplaced assignment of virtuousness to an individual; (2) difficulties in understanding social constraints on ethical action; and (3) the often unaccounted for mismatch between ethical intentions and outcomes in everyday practice, including in professional work associated with an ‘ethical turn’ in technology. These gaps persist even in contexts where ethics are foregrounded as matters of concern. To address the gaps, the paper suggests systemic, rather than individualized, considerations of care and capability applied to innovation settings, in combination with considerations of virtue and consequence. This paper advocates for addressing these challenges holistically in order to generate renewed capacity for change at a systemic level.

Do religiosity and ethical principles influence ethical decision-making in a multi-faith context? Evidence from India

Based on Hunt and Vitell’s theory of ethics, using three vignettes, we tested intrinsic and extrinsic religiosities and five ethical principles (justice, deontology, relativism, egoism, and utilitarianism) in the ethical decision-making process of 232 Indian business professionals. Intrinsic religiosity is positively related to ethical recognition and intent and extrinsic religiosity is negatively related to ethical intent in the vignette concerning duty of care. Although intrinsic religiosity predicted justice, deontology and relativism in three vignettes, it is also positively related to utilitarianism in one vignette. Egoism is not related to intrinsic and extrinsic religiosities. Extrinsic religiosity is negatively related to justice (one vignette), deontology (two vignettes), relativism (two vignettes) and utilitarianism (one vignette). Moreover, the intrinsic religiosity-ethical recognition and extrinsic religiosity-ethical intent relationships are varyingly mediated by the ethical principles. We extend Hunt and Vitell’s theory in a multi-faith context and our findings have implications for Indian business leaders and employees.

Does Information About AI Regulation Change Manager Evaluation of Ethical Concerns and Intent to Adopt AI?

Abstract We examine the impacts of potential artificial intelligence (AI) regulations on managers’ perceptions on ethical issues related to AI and their intentions to adopt AI technologies. We conduct a randomized online survey experiment on more than a thousand managers in the United States. We randomly present managers with different proposed AI regulations, and ask about ethical issues related to AI and their intentions related to AI adoption. We find that information about AI regulation increases manager perception of the importance of safety, privacy, bias/discrimination, and transparency issues related to AI. However, there is a tradeoff; regulation information reduces manager intent to adopt AI technologies. Moreover, information about regulation increases manager intent to spend on developing AI strategy including ethical issues at the cost of investing in AI adoption, such as providing AI training to current employees or purchasing AI software packages. (JEL: K24, L21, L51, O33, O38)

Ethical decision-making climate, moral distress, and intention to leave among ICU professionals in a tertiary academic hospital center

BackgroundCommentators believe that the ethical decision-making climate is instrumental in enhancing interprofessional collaboration in intensive care units (ICUs). Our aim was twofold: (1) to determine the perception of the ethical climate, levels of moral distress, and intention to leave one's job among nurses and physicians, and between the different ICU types and (2) determine the association between the ethical climate, moral distress, and intention to leave.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional questionnaire study between May 2021 and August 2021 involving 206 nurses and physicians in a large urban academic hospital. We used the validated Ethical Decision-Making Climate Questionnaire (EDMCQ) and the Measure of Moral Distress for Healthcare Professionals (MMD-HP) tools and asked respondents their intention to leave their jobs. We also made comparisons between the different ICU types. We used Pearson's correlation coefficient to identify statistically significant associations between the Ethical Climate, Moral Distress, and Intention to Leave.ResultsNurses perceived the ethical climate for decision-making as less favorable than physicians (p < 0.05). They also had significantly greater levels of moral distress and higher intention to leave their job rates than physicians. Regarding the ICU types, the Neonatal/Pediatric unit had a significantly higher overall ethical climate score than the Medical and Surgical units (3.54 ± 0.66 vs. 3.43 ± 0.81 vs. 3.30 ± 0.69; respectively; both p ≤ 0.05) and also demonstrated lower moral distress scores (both p < 0.05) and lower “intention to leave” scores compared with both the Medical and Surgical units. The ethical climate and moral distress scores were negatively correlated (r = −0.58, p < 0.001); moral distress and "intention to leave" was positively correlated (r = 0.52, p < 0.001); and ethical climate and “intention to leave” were negatively correlated (r = −0.50, p < 0.001).ConclusionsSignificant differences exist in the perception of the ethical climate, levels of moral distress, and intention to leave between nurses and physicians and between the different ICU types. Inspecting the individual factors of the ethical climate and moral distress tools can help hospital leadership target organizational factors that improve interprofessional collaboration, lessening moral distress, decreasing turnover, and improved patient care.

Impact of Ethical Training on Auditors’ Ethical Decision Making in Morocco

Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating role that can play ethical training in increasing auditors’ level of ethics. Therefore, this research will test any significant differences between the two groups through a multi-group moderation analysis. The first group represents auditors who took an ethics course before, and the other group represents auditors who did not previously take any course. This comparison will be performed based on the relationships between the variables in our model, namely ethical judgment, ethical intention, moral identity centrality, and perceived moral intensity. The sample of this study is mainly external senior auditors operating in audit firms in Morocco. We could obtain 125 usable responses, and we processed data with SmartPLS software. The results show that auditors’ moral identity impacts their ethical judgment positively and significantly, and the effect is more substantial for the group of auditors who took an ethics course before. Moreover, taking an ethics course seems to moderate also the positive and significant relationship between auditors’ ethical judgment and their ethical intention. However, the results were opposite to what we expected concerning the relationship between perceived moral intensity and auditors’ ethical judgment. Thus, ethical training seemed to moderate the positive relationship negatively.

THE MODERATING ROLE OF RELIGIOSITY ON ETHICAL BEHAVIORAL INTENTION: PLANNED BEHAVIORAL THEORY APPROACH

The study aims to examine the influence of perceived behavioral control on ethical behavioral intention and examine the moderating role of religiosity on the relationship between perceived behavioral control and ethical behavioral intention. This is quantitative research by adding discussing explanations. Data were obtained from 110 questionnaires distributed to auditors in public accounting firms located in Surabaya. The statistical analysis used is Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of the study indicate that perceived behavioral control positively affects the ethical behavioral intention of auditors. Moreover, the results of the study show that religiosity has an influence on ethical behavioral intention, but it does not moderate the auditor’s perception of behavioral control.

Intensions versus actual behavior: undergraduate business ethics course and students' reported workplace behavior

PurposeThe theory of planned behavior was used as a guiding framework to explore how undergraduate business students, employed full-time, perceived the influence of their first class in business ethics on ethical awareness and ethical behavior in the workplace.Design/methodology/approachIn this qualitative study, the perceived influence of ethics education on ethical awareness and ethical behavior in the workplace was explored. The sample consisted of eight concurrently employed undergraduate business students at a university in the Southwestern US.FindingsInductive analysis of primary data collected in the study suggests that ethics education increased ethical awareness. The increased desire to correct unethical behavior is another step toward ethical behavior. However, the participants in the current study did not report an increase in actual ethical behavior despite their increased ethical awareness and intent. Ethical awareness is only one component in the multidimensional process of ethical decision-making, and the increase in ethical awareness alone may not increase ethical behavior. Instead, attitude toward ethical behavior and perceived behavioral control needs to be considered as well.Originality/valueThe literature indicates that ethics education increases awareness of ethical norms and cognitive moral development. However, the question remains about how ethics education transfers to ethical behavior at the workplace. This study sought to investigate this question.

Investigating boycotts and buycotts as antecedents towards attitude and intention to engage in ethical consumption

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the attitude towards ethical consumption and intention to engage in ethical consumption behaviour by consumers within a developing economy, building on the ethically minded consumer behaviour (EMCB) framework.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative research approach was adopted in this research. A cross-sectional survey was further done in collecting data from 397 respondents through an online questionnaire. Collected data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25, as well as the structural equation model via the Analysis of Moment Structures version 23.FindingsCorporate social responsibility-mindedness was found to lead to a positive attitude towards ethical consumption behaviour and an intention to engage in ethical consumption behaviour; recycling-mindedness did not influence a positive attitude towards ethical consumption behaviour but influenced an intention to engage in ethical consumption behaviour. However, eco-mindedness did not influence a positive attitude towards ethical consumption behaviour and an intention to engage in ethical consumption behaviour: findings from this research showed that a positive attitude towards ethical consumption behaviour led to an intention to engage in ethical consumption behaviour.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is the first within a Sub-Saharan African region of a developing economy to adapt the EMCB framework in investigating the extent to which consumers within a developing economy intend to engage in ethical consumption behaviour.

A Moral Foundations Framing Approach: Retail Investors’ Investment Intention in Ethical Mutual Funds

Existing research suggests people with stronger moral character traits are more inclined to ethical investing. We take a moral foundations framing approach that synthesizes framing theory and moral foundations theory to investigate whether a moral state of mind created by moral foundations frames can also increase retail investors’ ethical investment intention. We also hypothesize how this moral foundations framing effect is moderated by the perceived return performance of the ethical fund. We test our hypotheses through two online experiments with retail investors in the United States. Study 1 demonstrates that the moral foundations framing effect varies by moral foundation. Focusing on the Fairness foundation, Study 2 shows that the framing effect is stronger under the win-win dual objective condition, relative to a conflict of interest condition. This stronger effect indicates that the moral foundations framing effect appears to be more effective when the investor perceives that ethical investments are financially lucrative. Our study provides preliminary evidence for the potential of the moral foundations framing approach and contributes to scholarship in both business ethics and ethical investing.

Comparative Profiling of Female and Male Entrepreneurship Using Empirical Evidence: A Meta-Analysis Examining the Relationships Between Gender, Personality Profiles, Ethics, and Successes of Entrepreneurs and Startups

Are there any noticeable differences among entrepreneurs who founded small businesses and their successes or failures based on their ethical intentions, gender, personality profiles, and leadership styles? Are female entrepreneurs who founded small businesses more likely to succeed than their male counterparts? Do personality characteristics impact decisions and intentions of an individual to become an entrepreneur? Do female entrepreneurs differ from male entrepreneurs in regard to the big five personality attributes? This meta-analysis includes evidentiary support from over 50 prior research articles as well as some qualitative analyses further analyzing over twenty research articles to gain fresh insights from entrepreneurs around the world regarding their entrepreneurial successes and failures of small business startups. It concludes that female entrepreneurs are more likely to have ethical intentions in general across a variety of geographies and landscapes, and, in general, entrepreneurs with ethical intentions are more likely to succeed. The second conclusion is that personality constructs play an essential role in both the decision to become an entrepreneur and in overall entrepreneurial performance.

Exploring ethical consumption of generation Z: theory of planned behaviour

PurposeThis study aims to explore the factors that encourage Generation Z consumers to turn an ethical purchase intention into purchase behaviour. Theory of planned behaviour model is applied to understand the Generation Z ethical consumerism.Design/methodology/approachQualitative method in the form of 18 semi-structured interviews was conducted on participants aged within the Generation Z cohort in the UK.FindingsResearch findings show that Generation Z has strong awareness and desire towards ethical and environmental issues. Driven in the main by the cohorts unlimited exposure to social media platforms and online resources where information is shared. Generation Z’s frugality limits them to purchase truly ethically in their current life stage. Financial aspirations from this target market suggest a future desire to purchase high value ethical items. Further trends discovered highlighted sustainable lifestyle choices within the generation. Recycling, diet choices and reduced consumption on clothing were expressed. The paper highlights that Generation Z are aware of ethical issues prevalent in society and are doing what they can at this life stage to make a positive impact.Practical implicationsThis research has valuable implications for both academics and marketers. It provides new insights for scholars into understanding Generation Z decision-making in ethical consumption. It successfully applied the Theory of Planned Behaviour to understand generational consumer behaviour. The findings can assist practitioners to determine effective marketing strategies to persuade Generation Z to act ethically. The research can also be considered when dealing with government legislation when tackling social change in younger population as this appeared important factor for the researched consumers. Marketers should also consider digital influencers as part of their communication campaigns targeting Generation Z users.Originality/valueThis search offers a valuable contribution to current academic findings towards Generation Z research as ethical consumers incorporating TPB framework.

Establishing the Influences of Cardinal Virtues on Employees’ Cyber Security Ethical Behavior in the Banking Sector in Uganda

Purpose: Cyber security threats emanating from employees’ incorrect behavior have escalated in the banking sector. Yet formal policies and technical solutions have failed to solve the problem. Virtue ethics may be a method that can handle this concern. This research aimed at enhancing Cyber security by confirming through statistical analysis the applicability of cardinal virtues related to cyber security ethical behavior.&#x0D; Methodology: The quantitative survey method utilizing an online questionnaire was used. Confirmatory factor analysis determined causal patterns in the variables and assessed them for validity and reliability. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling was then used to test casual relations between the study’s constructs. &#x0D; Findings: The results reveal that there is a positive but an insignificant effect of prudence Beta 0.094. p = 0.277 on cyber security ethical behavioral Intentions; there is a positive and significant influence of Temperance; Beta 0.255, p = .000; a positive and significant influence of courage; Beta 0.247, p = .001; on cyber security ethical behavior, that there is a positive and significant influence of Justice; Beta 0.452, p = .000; on cyber security ethical behavioral Intentions. The results further showed that a positive change in ethical behavior intentions leads to a positive change in cyber security ethical behavior.&#x0D; Unique contribution to theory and practice: This research makes a theoretical contribution to Cyber security ethics by promoting virtue ethics as a framework for moral investigations into Cyber security. Results can be utilized to improve methods, instruments, and tools to assess the employees’ cyber security ethical behavior. Policy makers can develop virtue ethical based training programs with dedicated, continuous learning and teaching undertakings geared towards monitoring and enhancing the overall ethical behavior towards cyber security in the banks. The results are a platform to the Government of Uganda through the Ministry of ICT in generating appropriate national policies related to Cyber security ethics as a strategy aimed at improving Cyber security in the banking sector.

To or not to adopt P2P accommodation: The traveler’s ethical decision-making

The objective of this study is to examine travelers’ intention to participate in peer-to-peer accommodation from an ethical perspective. An ethical decision-making model was proposed, based on Hunt–Vitell theory of ethics, moral identity theory, and Schwartz theory of human values, to examine the mechanism through which travelers’ personal values and moral identity (internationalization and symbolization) influence their ethical judgments and behavioral intentions toward peer-to-peer accommodation. Data was collected from 515 travelers who had participated in peer-to-peer accommodation within the last 12 months. The structural equation modeling results reveal that personal values affect moral identity dimensions, which in turn, positively influence ethical judgments and behavioral intentions. Moral intensity also moderates the effect of moral identity internalization on ethical judgments. The results provide valuable insights for managers to promote the adoption of peer-to-peer accommodation as a responsible travel behavior. • Social-focused values positively influence moral identity internalization. • Social-focused values positively influence moral identity symbolization. • Self-enhancement negatively influences moral identity symbolization. • Moral identity internalization and symbolization positively influence ethical judgments. • Moral intensity moderates the effect of moral identity internalization on ethical judgments.

How ethical leadership and incivility tolerance affect intention to sabotage at Jordanian universities?

Purpose. The mediating roles of tolerance to workplace incivility between ethical leadership and intention to sabotage was investigated in Jordan. The study relied on social learning theory (Bandura, 1977; 1986), reinforcement theory (Skinner, 1938), and conservation of resource theory (Hobfoll, 1988). Methodology. A quantitative method with survey questionnaires were distributed to 376 employees in different universities, public and private, in northern Jordan to obtain data. The following variables were part of the self-administered survey developed for the purposes of this study: “ethicalleadership” (10-item scale); “tolerance to workplace incivility” (8-item scale); “the intention to sabotage” (8-item scale). Data were analyzed with SPSS and structural equation modeling with AMOS. Findings. A significant and direct negative relationship was found between ethical leadership and employees’ intention to sabotage in Jordan. Also, a significant and direct positive effect was found between tolerance to workplace incivility and employees’ intention to sabotage, which indicates that tolerance to incivility increases intention to sabotage in Jordan. Further, it was found that tolerance to workplace incivility partially mediates the relationship between ethical leadership and employees’ intention to sabotage in Jordan. Value of results. This paper improves the understanding of workplaces in Jordanian universities and facilitates the creation of healthier work environments. The findings also contribute to several fields of organizational research, such as: human resources management, organizational development, and organizational behavior. The findings have many theoretical and practical implications, which were discussed.