Establish Trust Relationships Research Articles

Exploring women's health care experiences through an equity lens: Findings from a community clinic serving marginalised women.

To explore how marginalised women perceive and rate equity-oriented health care at a primary care clinic using items that evaluate patients' experiences of care. Despite an increased recognition of the importance of health care that is equity-oriented, and that understands the patient within the context of the broader social determinants of health, inequities in health remain prevalent around the world. Items from the "EQUIP Primary Health Care"research programme were used to explore patients' experiences of equity-oriented healthcare. Women were invited to complete the questionnaire with the explicit aim of gainingtheir input to improve quality of care at the clinic. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Statement was followed for the study. Sixty-seven women who experienced significant health and social inequities, and were seeking care at a women's only nurse practitioner primary health care clinic in Canada, were invited to complete the questionnaire. For quality improvement purposes, correlational analyses were used to explore women's experiences of care. Women's responses showed that Promote Emotional Safety and Trust and Overall Quality of Care were the most highly correlated domains, indicating the importance of the health care teamin establishing trusting relationships, particularly for women who experience stigma and negative judgement when seeking care. Seeking feedback from patients on their experiences of care using items developed to explicitly tap into equity issues is useful in understanding how patients experienceequity-oriented healthcare. Responses from the women highlight the importance of understanding not only the what of equity-oriented care but also the how. The results of this study illustrate the importance of establishing trusting relationships, tailoring care, and using a nondiscriminatory approach when working with women who experience negative judgements when seeking care.

Agreement on Core Components of an E-Learning Cultural Competence Program for Public Health Workers in South Korea: A Delphi Study

This study aimed to seek agreement on the core components of an e-learning cultural competence program for Korean public health workers (PHWs) while prioritizing educational content areas. A two-round Delphi study was performed with 16 Korean experts from five disciplines. Data were collected between August 30 and November 24, 2017. A questionnaire was developed from literature reviews and previous focus group interviews concerning PHWs. The panel members were asked to rate the importance and urgency of educational content areas and the effectiveness of teaching-learning methods and gave opinions on their appropriate frequency, duration, and target audience. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. A median of 4.0 or greater or a rate of agreement of 75% or greater was considered a "consensus" for the purposes of this study. All consenting participants responded to two-round surveys. Participants reached consensus on thirty-one educational content areas. Of these, the highest priorities were "necessity of cultural competence of PHWs," "health characteristics according to race and ethnicity," and "establishing trusting relationships with migrants." The most effective teaching-learning method was case-based learning, with seven to eight sessions of training and duration of fewer than 30minutes per session. Multidisciplinary experts proposed 12 prioritized educational content areas and effective teaching-learning methods as well as their frequency, duration, and target audiences, reflecting Korea-specific multicultural phenomena and the nature of the work of PHWs. These findings can contribute to preparing PHWs to provide culturally competent services to migrants in their communities.

Global Trust : Trust Based Peer-to-Peer Networks using Chat Application

In the P2P Networks, the guarantee-based trust model, GeTrust is developed by the establishment of trust relationship in human society and aiming at solving the problems of high computational complexity and in accurate evaluations existed in the recommendation-based trust models. In the establishment of the guarantee relationship between the service peer and its guarantee peer(s) on the basis of their mutual evaluations, and then the establishment of a service relationship between the request peer and the service peer based on their mutual evaluations and the guarantee relationship owned by the service peer. The P2P networks mainly focuses on the characteristics like decentralization, autonomy and anonymity. The trust between the peers is established by the concept of reputation and guarantee. A service peer needs to choose its guarantee peer(s) for the service it is going to provide, and they are both required to pledge reputation mortgages for the service. The request peer makes evaluations on all the candidates of service peer by referring their service reputations and their guarantee peers� reputations, and selects the one with highest evaluation to be its service provider. The availability and prevention of malicious behavior, incentive mechanism and anonymous reputation management strategy is proposed. This is an effective and efficient way of improving security and reducing network overhead. Here we also use concept of mortgage of reputation in order to reduce the slander among the peers and provide them best services.The objective is the development of the chat application in the P2P networks in the basis of a trust model when establishing the trust relationships between the peers by the using the concept of Guarantee-based trust model(GeTrust).

Group of high-risk pregnant women as a health education strategy.

To understand the importance of group strategy in the process of nursing care to high-risk pregnant women. Qualitative and descriptive study conducted at Assis Chateaubriand Teaching Maternity Hospital in February-March 2017, through focus groups with 24 hospitalized pregnant women. Data was submitted to content analysis and the relevant ideas of the discourses were extracted, forming categories. Three thematic categories were constructed: Interactive groups as a space of bond and coexistence, Educational strategy as an approach to good delivery and birthcare practices, Impact of group experience in strengthening the connection between the health team and the pregnant woman. The group of pregnant women is a space of coexistence and bonding that stimulates them to share knowledge and experiences, re-signifying links. The groups promote sharing of experiences, learning and reflection on the possibilities and limitations of the health-disease process, reducing anxiety and contributing to empowerment in decision making. The considerations and suggestions of the pregnant women guided the nurses in the development of the groups, which became strategic spaces of care, acquisition of knowledge and establishment of trust relationships with the nurses, with a consequent impact on the quality of care.

An identity-based cryptographic scheme for cloud storage applications

The use of remote storage systems is gaining an expanding interest, namely the cloud storage-based services. In fact, one of the factors that led to the popularity of cloud computing is the availability of storage resources provided at a reduced cost. However, when outsourcing the data to a third party, security issues become critical concerns, especially confidentiality, integrity, authentication, anonymity and resiliency. Based on this challenge, this work provides a new approach to ensure authentication in cloud storage applications. ID-Based Cryptosystems (IBC) have many advantages over certificate-based systems, such as simplification of key management. This paper proposes an original ID-based authentication approach in which the cloud tenant is assigned the IBC-Private Key Generator (PKG) function. Consequently, it can issue public elements for its users, and can keep confidential resulting IBC secrets. Moreover, in our scheme, the public key infrastructure is still in usage to establish trust relationships between the PKGs.

DTCS: An Integrated Strategy for Enhancing Data Trustworthiness in Mobile Crowdsourcing

Mobile crowdsourcing systems (MCSs) are important sources of information for the positioning services in Internet-of-Things such as gathering location information through employing citizens to participate in data collection. Although MCSs have attracted significant research and development efforts, there are salient open issues and challenges in security and privacy for MCS, which is an essential factor for its success. This paper proposes an integrated strategy named data trustworthiness enhanced crowdsourcing strategy (DTCS) to enhance data trustworthiness and defend against the internal threats for mobile crowdsourcing. The DTCS integrates effective methods including an evaluation scheme for the attribute relevancy and familiarity of participants, a trust relationship establishment method, a group division strategy based on attributes and metagraph, and a core-selecting-based incentive mechanism. The simulation results show that the DTCS improves the performance of the crowdsourcing strategy compared to the state-of-the-art including the TSCM and PPPCM. The DTCS can effectively defend against internal conflicting behavior attacks and collusion attacks to enhance data trustworthiness for mobile crowdsourcing.

Encouraging patients to disclose their lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT) status: oncology health care providers' perspectives.

A compelling touted strategy for reducing discrimination towards lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) patients is improving communicative competence of health care providers (HCPs); however, evidence base for describing communication practices between HCPs and LGBT patients is scarce. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively examine HCP experiences and perspectives as they relate to patient sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) disclosure, perceived communication and structural/administrative challenges in interactions with LGBT patients, and suggestions for improving care of LGBT patients. The sample consisted of 1,253 HCPs, who provided open-ended responses to an online cross-sectional survey conducted at a Comprehensive Cancer Center in the Northeastern United States. The open-ended responses were inductively and deductively coded for key themes and sub-themes. The results demonstrated an array of useful communication strategies employed by oncology HCPs to encourage LGBT patients' SOGI disclosure (direct questions regarding sexual orientation, use of the term "partner," and using correct pronouns), communication and structural/administrative challenges faced by HCPs in providing care (HCP own fears and biases, transgender patient care, insurance issues, and procedural challenges for LGBT patients), and suggested recommendations from oncology HCPs to improve their care delivery for LGBT patients (more provider-based training, improving awareness of LGBT-friendly resources, establishing trusting relationships, and not assuming sexuality or gender identity). These findings have implications for developing and evaluating training programs to improve LGBT sensitivity and communication among HCPs, and encourage SOGI disclosure in an open and judgment-free health care environment.

Being Facilitators in a Challenging Context-School Personnel's Experiences of Caring for Youth with Diabetes Type 1

PurposeThe purpose of the study was to describe school personnel's experiences of caring for youth with diabetes type 1. Design and MethodsA qualitative design was chosen for this study. Data were collected with individual interviews that were subjected to inductive qualitative content analysis. The sample consisted of 24 school personnel (teachers, principals and school nurses) from Swedish schools. All had experience with youth aged 6 to 18 years old with diabetes type 1. ResultsSchool personnel experienced caring for youth with diabetes type 1 as “Being facilitators in a challenging context” and described establishing trusting relationships, finding strategies to support self-care, feeling uncertain and incapable in need of education, and dealing with unclear responsibility. ConclusionsSchool personnel (teachers, principals and school nurses) are key professionals supporting youth with diabetes type 1 and self-care in school. Lack of education and unclear responsibility created feelings of uncertainty and insecurity for school personnel and a need for mandatory education of school personnel regarding T1DM and self-care, including legislation was identified. ImplicationsMandatory education should be provided for all school personnel regarding diabetes type 1, self-care and current legislation. A liason position in form of a nurse specialist should manage the education.

Subjective Logic-Based In-Network Data Processing for Trust Management in Collocated and Distributed Wireless Sensor Networks

While analyzing an explosive amount of data collected in today’s wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the redundant information in the sensed data needs to be handled. In-network data processing is a technique which can eliminate or reduce such redundancy, leading to minimized resource consumption. On the other hand, trust management techniques establish trust relationships among nodes and detect unreliable nodes. In this paper, we propose two novel in-network data processing schemes for trust management in static WSNs. The first scheme targets at networks, where sensor nodes are closely collocated to report the same event. Considering both spatial and temporal correlations, this scheme generates trustworthiness for each sensor node-based solely on the data reported by the sensor. The second scheme is designed for networks, where sensor nodes are randomly distributed to sense ongoing events. This scheme produces node trustworthiness considering the variations in node observations. In addition, we propose an energy saving mode to reduce energy consumption and/or increase the reliability of a network. For trust generation, we employ a subjective logic-based scheme to mitigate trust fluctuations caused by various factors. Extensive simulations based on four scenarios are performed to evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed schemes.

Collaborative filtering recommendation based on trust and emotion

With the development of personalized recommendations, information overload has been alleviated. However, the sparsity of the user-item rating matrix and the weak transitivity of trust still affect the recommendation accuracy in complex social network environments. Additionally, collaborative filtering based on users is vulnerable to shilling attacks due to neighbor preference recommendation. With the objective of overcoming these problems, a collaborative filtering recommendation method based on trust and emotion is proposed in this paper. First, we employ a method based on explicit and implicit satisfaction to alleviate the sparsity problems. Second, we establish trust relationships among users using objective and subjective trust. Objective trust is determined by similarity of opinion, including rating similarity and preference similarity. Subjective trust is determined by familiarity among users based on six degrees of separation. Third, based on the trust relationship, a set of trusted neighbors is obtained for a target user. Next, to further exclude malicious users or attackers from the neighbors, the set is screened according to emotional consistency among users, which is mined from implicit user behavior information. Finally, based on the ratings of items by the screened trusted neighbors and the trust relationships among the target user and these neighbors, we can obtain a list of recommendations for the target user. The experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the recommendation accuracy in the case of data sparsity, effectively resist shilling attacks, and achieve higher recommendation accuracy for cold start users compared to other methods.

Facilitators and barriers to research participation: perspectives of Latinos with type 2 diabetes.

Latinos constitute 17% of the US population and are one of the largest ethnic groups; however, only 7.6% participate in research studies. There is a disproportionately high number of Latinos living with type 2 diabetes mellitus and are at increased risk for cardiovascular events. Research to elicit facilitators and barriers for participation in research and effective recruitment strategies is limited. This article reports the qualitative findings of a mixed-methods study examining perceived facilitators and barriers for research participation, and explores decision-making processes and ascertains ethnic values that influenced their decisions among Spanish-speaking Latinos with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 participants (mean age 50.8 ± 9.4 years, 76% women and 28% employed). Participants were asked to elaborate on perceived facilitators and barriers to research participation. All interviews were conducted in Spanish. Transcribed interviews were analyzed through conventional content analysis. Three themes emerged from transcribed interviews: (a) lowering barriers to access health-related expertise; (b) language concordance; and (c) trusting relationships. Perceived barriers to research participation included work schedule, childcare, transportation and ethnic beliefs. Strategies to support learning, language concordance and establishing trusting relationships among Spanish-speaking Latinos may be key to increasing Latinos in research studies.

Employees' Emotional Labor and Emotional Exhaustion: Trust and Gender as Moderators

In order to obtain a comprehensive insight into the nature of service employees' emotional labor, we examined the effect of gender and employees' trust in colleagues on the relationship between their emotional labor and emotional exhaustion. We focused on two emotional labor strategies: surface acting and deep acting. Participants comprised 679 Chinese service employees. The results showed that trust in colleagues strengthened the negative relationship between employees' deep acting and emotional exhaustion but also exacerbated the positive relationship between employees' surface acting and emotional exhaustion. The exacerbating effect of trust was especially strong for female surface actors. The findings suggest that women have a propensity for risk aversion and are more sensitive to the establishment of trust relationships than are men. Managers should consider surface acting as part of the makeup of the psychological well-being of employees.

Experience of migrant care and needs for cultural competence training among public health workers in Korea.

This study explored the experiences of public health workers (PHWs) providing health care for migrants living in Korea and clarified needs for cultural competence training. Twenty-six PHWs from five public health centers in Gwangju city, South Korea, participated in this exploratory qualitative study. Five semi-structured focus group interviews of PHWs were conducted from September to December 2016. A directed content analysis approach was conducted using four categories: perceived characteristics of migrants, interaction between PHWs and migrants, interaction between PHWs and organizations/systems, and cultural competence training needs. PHWs perceived that migrants lacked autonomy in health decisions and awareness of health behaviors. PHWs experienced difficulties in communicating and in establishing trusting relationships. They found clients hard to reach and easy to miss, a lack of continuity in health care programs, and inadequate human and material resources. They preferred passive teaching methods to activity-based simulation. PHWs believed essential training should be provided through e-learning to all PHWs, including management. PHWs reported experiencing multiple challenges from a lack of preparedness for culturally competent care and their clients' vulnerability. Development of cultural competence training is suggested through e-learning that reflects the PHWs' experiences and provides systematic support.

GeTrust: A Guarantee-Based Trust Model in Chord-Based P2P Networks

More and more users are attracted by P2P networks characterized by decentralization, autonomy and anonymity. However, users’ unconstrained behavior makes it necessary to use a trust model when establishing trust relationships between peers. Most existing trust models are based on recommendations, which, however, suffer from the shortcomings of slow convergence and high complexity of trust computations, as well as huge overhead of network traffic. Inspired by the establishment of trust relationships in human society, a guarantee-based trust model, GeTrust, is proposed for Chord-based P2P networks. A service peer needs to choose its guarantee peer(s) for the service it is going to provide, and they are both required to pledge reputation mortgages for the service. The request peer makes evaluations on all the candidates of service peer by referring their service reputations and their guarantee peers’ reputations, and selects the one with highest evaluation to be its service provider. In order to enhance GeTrust's availability and prevent malicious behavior, we also present incentive mechanism and anonymous reputation management strategy. Simulation results show that GeTrust is effective and efficient in terms of improving successful transaction rate, resisting complex attacks, reducing network overhead and lowering computational complexity.

The Personal Experience of LGBT Patients with Cancer.

To capture the perspectives from lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) individuals diagnosed treated for cancer. Four LGBT individuals diagnosed and treated for cancer. Care for the LGBT patient is based on sensitivity and awareness to LGBT issues and concerns. Nurses caring for the LGBT cancer patient provide that care in a context of awareness and sensitivity. The nurse's approach to LGBT patient and family care is based on open communication, establishing trusting relationships and honoring the patient's preferences. Excellent oncology nursing care for LGBT patients is excellent oncology nursing care.

LCT: A Lightweight Cross-domain Trust Model for the Mobile Distributed Environment

In the mobile distributed environment, an entity may move across domains with great frequency. How to utilize the trust information in the previous domains and quickly establish trust relationships with others in the current domain remains a challenging issue. The classic trust models do not support cross-domain and the existing cross-domain trust models are not in a fully distributed way. This paper improves the outstanding Certified Reputation (CR) model and proposes a Lightweight Cross-domain Trust (LCT) model for the mobile distributed environment in a fully distributed way.

A novel crowd evaluation method for security and trustworthiness of online social networks platforms based on signaling theory

Along with the convenience provided by the open online social networks (OSNs) for the users, there are also many burning problems like insecure platform, untrustworthy information, malicious propagation, even illegal cheating. Especially, security and trustworthiness of social platforms, as the foundation of social interactions, plays an important role in active users’ sharing and communication. The available research efforts of the aspects mainly focus on exploring security mechanisms and methods, as well as establishing trust relationship among social users. However, the evaluation and measurement for social platforms have not yet been well conducted. This paper proposed a novel method for crowd evaluating the security and trustworthiness of OSNs platforms based on signaling theory, which have been generally employed in the fields of economics and information management. Firstly, we classified the security and trust-critical signals of generic OSNs platform itself, and formalized static attributes and dynamic behaviors features by using the OWL and the temporal logic. Then, a comprehensive computational model for security and trustworthiness measurement was proposed inspired by crowd computing, after signals’ weights were yielded based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process Comprehensive Evaluation. Finally, the evaluation experiments were carried out by using crowd evaluation architecture on a real-world multimedia social network platform called CyVOD MSN. The experimental results denote that the proposed approach can effectively achieve the assessments of every security and trust-critical signals of the social platforms, and further realize the functional evolution of CyVOD MSN through improving insecure and untrustworthy vulnerabilities found by the crowd evaluation.

Trust strategy simulation of corporation–NPO cross alliance using evolutionary game theory

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the dynamics and evolution of trust in organizational cross alliances.Design/methodology/approachIn alliances between corporations and nonprofit organizations, trust in decision-making is a dynamic process. Using the replicated dynamics model of evolutionary game theory, this paper provides a trust decision model and analyzes four scenarios under different parameters. A numerical simulation is developed to present an intuitive interpretation of the dynamic development of trust decisions and the effects of incentive and punishment mechanisms.FindingsUnder different parameters, bounded rationality and utilities result in different but stable evolutionary strategies; the initial probability of adopting a trust strategy leads directly to whether participants adopt the strategy when the system reaches stability after continued games; and incentive and punishment mechanisms can significantly reduce the initial probability of adopting a trust strategy where the system evolves to meet stable state needs.Practical implicationsThe establishment of trust relationships is an important influence on the stable and coordinated development of an alliance. The proposed model can help the alliance build closer trust relationships and provide a theoretical basis for the design of the trust mechanism.Originality/valueIncentive and punishment bound by some degree of trust are introduced to address the problems of trust decisions and their dynamics; the model created reflects the bounded rationality and utility of each game stage. Useful evolutionary stable strategies using different variables are proposed to address the decision-making problems of trust in cross alliances.

«Bases of social regulation and public relations» subject: MGSU teaching experience

The report presents the author’s teaching experience in Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) in 2014 – 2017 of a new subject aimed to consolidate the information which is usually «dispersed» between courses of public relations, management, philosophy, sociology, etc. In particular, the author expresses his point of view concerning the most optimal structural organization of a training material for this discipline, considers the most successful, in his opinion, methodical practices, marks some features of the discipline understanding by students and their achieved results in study. Considering the training material provided in the first part of this discipline – «Bases of social regulation», – the author suggests to make the central, «recurrent» problem of the section the question of social planning in urban policy and especially – the social aspects in development and implementation of the smart city concept. In the second part of the discipline – «Public relations» – the author considers reasonable to pay special attention (apart from the general-theoretical communication problems reviewing) to practical questions of establishment of trust relationships between town-planners and social groups similar to different components of a creative class. The author comes to a conclusion that the teaching methods of this subject in construction higher education institutions should create for students an integral view of the democratically understanding processes for social planning in town-planning, inseparably connected with different forms and methods of social communication.

An Exact and Efficient Privacy-Preserving Spatiotemporal Matching in Mobile Social Networks

With the rapid development of mobile smartphone and its built-in location-aware devices, people are possible to establish trust relationships and further interaction with each other based their matched interests, hobbies, experiences, or spatiotemporal profiles. However, the possibility of sensitive information leakage and heavy computation overhead constrain the widespread use of the matching schemes in mobile social networks. Many privacy-preserving matching schemes were proposed recently years, but how to achieve privacy-preserving spatiotemporal matching exactly and efficiently remains an open question. In this paper, the authors propose a novel spatiotemporal matching scheme. The overlapping grid system is introduced into the scheme to improve the accuracy of spatiotemporal matching, and many repetitive records in a user's spatiotemporal profile are counted as one item so as to cut down the computation overhead. Their scheme decreases the spatiotemporal matching error, and promotes the efficiency of private matchmaking simultaneously. Thorough security analysis and evaluation results indicate that our scheme is effective and efficient.