Ergonomic Methods Research Articles

OPTIMIZATION OF LOADING AND UNLOADING WORKS AND PLACEMENT OF TARED AND PIECE CARGOES IN VEHICLES AND WAREHOUSES USING THE METHODS OF ERGONOMICS AND THEORY OF SYSTEMS

Purpose. The tasks of optimizing the placement of tared and piece cargoes (or the task of loading) in a limited volume (capacity) are typical for cases of loading with tared and piece cargoes (mainly large-sized) of transport containers, car bodies, ship holds in the merchant fleet, transport aircraft, railway wagons, areas of the warehouse complex. At the same time, the safe and efficient performance of loading and unloading operations with tared and piece cargoes, including large-sized ones, in a limited space is directly related to taking into account the requirements and using ergonomic methods. The purpose of this paper is to develop a mathematical model for the optimization of the placement of tared and piece cargoes (or about loading) in a limited volume (capacity), which is used to select a subset of cargo units with the maximum relative utility, while observing the limit on the total volume (or mass) of cargo. Methods. The analysis of literary sources made it possible to establish that for modeling and solving the problem of optimizing the placement of cargo (or loading) in a limited volume (capacity), it is rational to use one of the exact solution methods (dynamic programming method), the number of stages of which is the number of types of cargo. The work uses the method of dynamic programming, methods of theory of systems, and linear optimization. Results. The article presents a mathematical model of the problem of optimal placement of tared and piece cargoes (or about loading) in a limited volume, and for the case of placing weapons, ammunition, weapons, it is proposed to maximize not the function of the total cost (value) of the cargo, but the function that would take into account the relative usefulness of each cargo. The relative usefulness of each cargo is proposed to be determined by expert methods of systems theory, for example, the Delphi method, which is well formalized and suitable for computer processing of results. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty consists in the development of a mathematical model that allows solving the problem of optimal placement of container loads (or loading) in a limited volume, and the target function of the optimization model is proposed to be the total relative usefulness of the cargo. Practical significance. Defined ergonomic requirements for cargo operations with tared and piece cargoes in a limited space (vehicles, warehouses). A method of numerical calculation based on the model is proposed (the case of loading a car body with tared and piece cargoes). In further research, the obtained results will be used for computer simulation according to the developed model using the Solver tool of Microsoft Excel.

Application of Participatory Ergonomic Method to Reduce Musculoskeletal Disorders With Rapid Whole Body Assessment (REBA) at PT. Adyawinsa Stamping Industries

PT. Adyawinsa Stamping Industry is one of the automotive companies in Karawang, West Java. In the production process, most of the work has poor posture, which can cause VascularDisorders (MSDs). In the process of eliminating and reducing the risk of MSDs in the workplace, the level of MSD risk experienced by workers is calculated using the REBA method. The results of the REBA calculation obtained several activities with values above 9 (meaning that an improvement is needed). To improve the work system using the Participatory ergonomic (PE) method involving the operator, management and ergonomics. The results of the application of PE in helping to reduce the risk level of MSDs are engineering (making auxiliary tools and also management engineering) that can improve the work posture used, namely using the REBA method. Based on the results of the REBA calculation after the improvement, the risk generated is a risk level smaller than the previous posture, namely medium and low. Real improvements are hoped to create a safe, comfortable, and productive workplace.

Ergonomic glove pattern drafting method for hand assistive devices: considering 3D hand dimensions and finger mobility

Recently, interest has surged in glove-type assistive devices for relieving hand muscle stiffness caused by brain lesions. This study aims to develop an ergonomic method for drafting glove patterns intended for hand-assistive devices. To facilitate pattern development, we acquired three-dimensional (3D) scan data from the four hemiplegic patients while their hands were in a relaxed posture, which was subsequently transformed into two-dimensional (2D) data. Based on the 3D shape data, we analyzed the finger joint range of motion (ROM) and change ratio of skin surface length resulting from flexion and extension movements of the paralyzed hand. Incisions were strategically applied to regions displaying significant variations in these parameters. These flattened 2D patterns were then integrated into revised pattern blocks to enhance the shading data related to the 3D shape, resulting in the development of four glove patterns. We found that gloves prototyped using this innovative pattern-drafting method did not impede joint ROM when worn. Changes in clothing pressure inside the glove at the joints corresponded to the bending angles of the fingers, and the pressure did not exceed the discomfort threshold during hand flexion and extension movements. Importantly, participants provided positive subjective feedback concerning the comfort of the gloves. Our findings yield fundamental data for developing a foundational glove design for hand-assisted devices for patients with paralysis, achieved through the utilization of this novel ergonomic glove pattern-drafting method.

A Mobile based Decision Support System for Postural Evaluation of Agricultural Activities with Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA)

Agriculture is an unorganized sector and it is a very high drudgery prone profession due to the absence of awareness and entry of advanced agricultural technologies. Many farming activities and operations are carried out by farm workers in the agriculture sector, where they are subject to very poor working conditions which can lead to physical and mental stress. Workers in agriculture experience musculoskeletal disorders in various body parts throughout various agricultural operations. These problems are caused by heavy work loads, repetitive movements, uncomfortable postures, prolonged periods of time spent in neutral or unsupported positions and the use of conventional equipment and implements that are not ergonomically built. The ergonomic risk factors present in the workplace can be examined using various evaluation instruments to ascertain the workers abilities and drawbacks. The work-related risks are measured using the scientifically validated posture assessment instruments. Rapid entire body assessment (REBA) is a technique that assess a person’s complete body including wrists, fore arms, elbows, shoulders, neck, trunk, back, legs and knees. It uses a systematic process to find the postural musculoskeletal disorders and risks associated with the job tasks. A mobile application is developed to assess the agricultural activities on the basis of physiological analysis and postural analysis using REBA ergonomics technique. The application evaluates the drudgery involved in the agricultural work by using physical assessment followed by postural ergonomics methods and provide recommendation of correct posture to avoid developing musculoskeletal disorders.

Simulation model to analyze the impact of work on absenteeism

AbstractShoe manufacturing companies often use overtime work but neglect the impacts and importance of physical recovery time. Ergonomic methods aim to analyze this, but they focus on deterministic aspects, which limits their ability to evaluate working conditions amid variations over time. This research explores how a simulation model can mitigate these limitations and enhance analysis of overtime and physical recovery on worker absenteeism. The objective was developed a simulation model using System Dynamics (SD) to represent working conditions and assess the influence of overtime and recovery time in Brazil's footwear industry. An Ergonomic Analysis of Work was conducted in a large company's production cell. Using SD, were constructed a causal and simulation model to analyze three scenarios. An additional hour of work increased physical overload by 44%, leading to 5, 4 leave requests, and 48 days of absenteeism per year. Increasing recovery time by 15 min reduced overload to 38,96%, resulting in 4, 9 leave requests and 13,68 days of absenteeism. The SD simulation model mitigated the limitations of ergonomic methods in understanding the dynamic relationships over time, emphasizing the importance of actively managing overtime and physical recovery time.

Influence of extended working hours and physical recovery on absenteeism in the footwear industry from a system dynamics model

Objectives. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are recurrent in the footwear industry, resulting in absenteeism. This study aimed to quantitatively analyze the influence of overtime work and physical recovery time on the occurrence of WMSD-related absenteeism using a system dynamics model. As ergonomic methods have limitations in quantitatively simulating the behavior of these relationships, the integration of computational modeling techniques has emerged as a methodological alternative to bridge this gap. Methods. An ergonomic work analysis (EWA) was developed in a production cell of a large company. A model of causal relationships (causal loop diagram) and a simulation model (flow and stock diagram) were then developed, where three scenarios for overtime and physical recovery time were analyzed. Results. Working an additional hour resulted in a 42% increase in physical overload, leading to 7.62 leave requests per year and 78.7 days of employee absenteeism. Increasing the physical recovery time by 15 min reduced the overload to 36.5%, resulting in 6.8 leave requests per year and 71.1 days of employee absenteeism. Conclusions. Properly managing excess workload and providing adequate physical recovery for professionals is necessary to mitigate the productivity impacts of absenteeism in the footwear industry.

An innovative integrated solution to support digital postural assessment using the TACOs methodology

The diversification of work as well as the challenges of modern industrial tasks make manual ergonomic assessment tools (i.e., checklist, excel-based worksheet) time consuming and strongly related to the ergonomist’s experience. Recent advancements in wearable sensors technology offer new perspectives in terms of integrating human-monitoring solutions with traditional ergonomics methods by movements’ digitization. Furthermore, digital posture assessment plays a critical role in the context of Industry 5.0, promoting worker well-being and productivity by identifying ergonomic risks and optimizing work environments. Also, leveraging advanced technologies for posture assessment enables proactive intervention strategies to mitigate musculoskeletal disorders and enhance overall workplace safety and efficiency. The present study proposes an innovative hardware and software solution which allows even non-expert designers or ergonomists to carry out a reliable postural ergonomic assessment according to well-known ergonomic methods, speeding up the analysis and providing accurate information. The setup consists of a wearable suit and its proprietary software tool specifically programmed to carry out the ergonomic assessment according to the Time-Based Assessment COmputerized Strategy (TACOs) method. The setup has been preliminarily tested in a controlled environment simulating a real industrial scenario and a comparison with standard ergonomic practices has been performed. The Mann-Whitney U test returned a p-value of [2.198e-11] < α [0.05] demonstrating how the solution proposes results which are numerically and qualitatively enhanced while showing the practical utility of the suggested technical setup and the validity of the suggested digital technique in retrieving and recognizing the workers’ posture.

Redesign of elderly beds as an effort to overcome degenerative diseases using a participatory approach

The utilization of beds among the elderly, especially those with degenerative diseases, presents health and comfort challenges. To address these issues, this research aims to redesign elderly beds using a participatory ergonomics method at Madania Potonoro Nursing Home. By involving the elderly and caregivers in the process, the research findings highlight the need for bed improvements. The proposed design includes additional features such as a folding table, bookshelf, cane holder, assistive standing devices, and a drink holder, based on identified needs. Anthropometric dimensions, including Shoulder Width (SW), Height (H), Popliteal Height (PH), Elbow Height in Sitting (EHS), Elbow Height in Standing (EHS), Seat Depth (SD), and Maximum Grip Diameter (MGD), serve as guidelines for bed design. Analyzing these dimensions at the 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles, adjustments are made to accommodate additional attributes or features on the bed. The recommended design not only provides optimal comfort and safety for the elderly but also improves their overall quality of life. This research emphasizes the importance of involving users in the design process to ensure solutions align with their needs and preferences.

The Application of the Total Ergonomics (SHIP) Method in Science and Technology for the Regional Development (PIPK): Case Study at Munduk Village, Bali

Empowerment is a fundamental effort aimed at enhancing community capabilities and fostering greater participation in decision-making processes related to uplifting living standards. For example, Munduk is one of the tourist villages in Bali with several challenges such as the lack of appropriate tourist attraction areas to be used as an economic center and low productivity from community work. The problems have led to less optimal competitiveness in providing original income for community in the village. Therefore, community empowerment method was required to manage the potential of the village as a conservation, agricultural, coffee, and clove processing area and also tourism destination. This led to the implementation of SHIP (systemic, holistic, interdisciplinary, and participatory) ergonomics method to promote active participation of all parties in identifying problems to be fixed and determining the appropriate technology to be used. The process focused on a thorough analysis of the technology based on six criteria, including technical, economical, ergonomics, socio-cultural, energy efficiency, and environmental friendliness aspects. The method was used to provide a conducive working mechanism and quality products in accordance with the demands of the times. Moreover, ergonomics method implemented with the participation of all parties led to an increase in knowledge and understanding of community entrepreneurship by 25.3%, clove post-harvest processing productivity 22.7%, and tourist visits 5.6%.

The Application of the Total Ergonomics (SHIP) Method in Science and Technology for the Regional Development (PIPK) of Munduk Village, Buleleng, Bali

Empowerment is a fundamental effort aimed at enhancing community capabilities and fostering greater participation in decision-making processes related to uplifting living standards. For example, Munduk is one of the tourist villages in Bali with several challenges such as the lack of appropriate tourist attraction areas to be used as an economic center and low productivity from community work. The problems have led to less optimal competitiveness in providing original income for community in the village. Therefore, community empowerment method was required to manage the potential of the village as a conservation, agricultural, coffee, and clove processing area and also tourism destination. This led to the implementation of SHIP (systemic, holistic, interdisciplinary, and participatory) ergonomics method to promote active participation of all parties in identifying problems to be fixed and determining the appropriate technology to be used. The process focused on a thorough analysis of the technology based on six criteria, including technical, economical, ergonomics, socio-cultural, energy efficiency, and environmental friendliness aspects. The method was used to provide a conducive working mechanism and quality products in accordance with the demands of the times. Moreover, ergonomics method implemented with the participation of all parties led to an increase in knowledge and understanding of community entrepreneurship by 25.3%, clove post-harvest processing productivity 22.7%, and tourist visits 5.6%. Keywords: SHIP Method, Community Empowerment, and Productivity

RISIKO ERGONOMI POSTUR KERJA PADA PROSES PENJEMURAN RUMPUT LAUT MENGGUNAKAN METODE NOVEL ERGONOMIC POSTURAL ASSESSMENT DENGAN PERSPEKTIF MACROERGONOMIC ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE

Dusun Babana is one of the districts with the majority of people whose main livelihood is as seaweed farmers. The processing process takes 30 days, 45 days to 60 days. In the drying process, it takes 1.5 hours at the earliest and 3 hours at the longest depending on the amount of seaweed being dried. After cleaning seaweed, farmers often complain of pain in their backs and waists. Macroergonomy as an approach with personal subsystems in this case is culture. Work culture is a value that becomes a habit in a group until it manifests itself as an action called a work habit. This work habit causes workers to suffer from musculoskeletal disorders. NERPA as an ergonomic method that works to evaluate the work posture of the upper body so that it can see the work posture that causes the effect on complaints of musculoskeletal disorders. The final score obtained shows at level 4 which means it is required to take action as soon as possible at that very moment. Some improvement measures to minimize the ergonomic risk of work posture include good work techniques and time management.

Perancangan Desain Pola Parkir Sepeda Motor Menggunakan Metode Ergonomi Partisipatori (Studi Kasus : Universitas PGRI Wiranegara)

The limited access to public transportation to Universitas PGRI Wiranegara (UNIWARA) has increased the preference for using private vehicles, thereby emphasizing the need for adequate parking facilities. This study aims to create an optimal design for motorcycle parking patterns at UNIWARA that aligns with user needs, utilizing the Participatory Ergonomics method. Through three participatory ergonomic stages, namely the initial interview stage, group discussion stage, and parking pattern design stage, several issues were identified, including the irregular use of parking facilities, suboptimal capacity, poor vehicle circulation, and excessive interventions by parking attendants. The result of the motorcycle parking design using participatory ergonomics revealed a total capacity of 732 motorcycles in three parking sectors. The design specifications include a parking angle of 90°, a parking unit width of 0.75 meters, a parking unit length of 2 meters, and a parking circulation lane width exceeding 1.5 meters. These specifications address the identified issues and provide a well-structured parking environment that meets the needs and comfort of users. Keywords: Participatory Ergonomics, Parking Facilities, Parking Pattern

Comparing risk assessment methods for work-related musculoskeletal disorders with in vivo joint loads during manual materials handling

The validity of observational methods in ergonomics is still challenging research. Criterion validity in terms of concurrent validity is the most commonly studied. However, studies comparing observational methods with biomechanical values are rare. Thus, the aim of this study is to compare the Ovako Working Posture Analysing System (OWAS) and the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) with in vivo load measurements at hip, spine, and knee during stoop and squat lifting of 14 participants. The results reveal that OWAS and REBA action levels (AL) can distinguish between different in vivo load measurements during manual lifting. However, the results also reveal that the same OWAS- and REBA-AL do not necessarily provide equal mean values of in vivo load measurements. For example, resultant contact force in the vertebral body replacement for squat lifting ranged from 57% body weight (%BW) in OWAS-AL1 to 138%BW in OWAS-AL3 compared to 46%BW in REBA-AL0 and 173%BW in REBA-AL3. Furthermore, the results suggest that the performed squat lifting techniques had a higher risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders than the performed stoop lifting techniques.

Combining inertial-based ergonomic assessment with biofeedback for posture correction: A narrative review

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) are the most reported work-related health problem in the European Union, representing an economic burden equivalent to 2% of its gross domestic product. Awkward postures are one of the main risk factors. Several postural assessment tools try to identify ergonomic exposure factors for evaluating WRMSD risk, yet these are commonly based on observation. Replacing observations with objective measurements can bring more accuracy and reproducibility to this analysis; hence, a direct measurement approach for the assessment is desired. This review looks for two-fold solutions, able to not only monitor workers’ posture using inertial sensors but also to return that information to the user, in a biofeedback loop. It presents systems for posture risk assessment, regarding ergonomic methods, sensors’ and actuators’ characteristics, and validation protocols. In particular, this review advances previous manuscripts by exploring the literature regarding different biofeedback strategies and ways to encode meaningful information in the cues, i.e., able to deliver intuitive ergonomic guidance so that the user becomes aware and changes into a more neutral posture. The combination of inertial sensors and vibrotactile motors stood out, due to its effectiveness in reducing postural risk. Directional feedback to guide users’ segments individually was found to be a promising strategy, although its validation is still limited. The results of the reviewed manuscripts pointed out the relevant practices, potentialities, and limitations of the existing solutions, allowing the identification of future challenges.

Development of a novel machine learning-based approach for brain function assessment and integrated software solution

Industry 5.0 emphasizes human-centered solutions. However, bridging the gap between human conditions and engineering systems remains a challenge in this era. Promoting the development of cybernetics applications in the field of rehabilitation is imperative. In the healthcare sector, the evaluation of rehabilitation products’ ergonomics and the dynamic assessment of the human body are of utmost importance. Amid the burgeoning prominence of data-driven product design concepts, ergonomics methods have emerged as indispensable evaluative tools. Nevertheless, the integration of data from multiple sources remains a contemporary challenge; one must extract meaningful information from diverse data sets while enhancing data analysis and fusion techniques. In this study, we collect multimodal neurobiological signals using electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to devise a robust multimodal rehabilitation data fusion method based on graph convolutional network (GCN), particularly focusing on the motor imagery (MI) task. To achieve a more holistic evaluation, we incorporate granger causality (GC) and brain region adjacency matrix as supplementary features, integrating electrophysiological and hemodynamic perspectives. This integration aims to enhance information complementarity and foster a comprehensive understanding of the neural processes involved in MI. Our results demonstrate the superiority of the multimodal fusion method: it achieves higher average accuracy and improved stability, as indicated by the reduced standard deviation of accuracy. This enhanced performance suggests its potential regarding broader research applications. Building upon our successful findings, we establish an intelligent algorithmic rehabilitation platform based on multimodal neural data. This platform not only holds significant clinical value, facilitating precision and personalized medicine, but also propels the advancement of medical practices, paving the way for a more tailored and effective approach to patient care. Our research makes progresses in the areas of rehabilitation modeling, equipment design, intelligence, and interdisciplinary collaboration through the in-depth study and extension of cybernetic principles and techniques.

From Digital Human Modeling to Human Digital Twin: Framework and Perspectives in Human Factors

The human digital twin (HDT) emerges as a promising human-centric technology in Industry 5.0, but challenges remain in human modeling and simulation. Digital human modeling (DHM) provides solutions for modeling and simulating human physical and cognitive aspects to support ergonomic analysis. However, it has limitations in real-time data usage, personalized services, and timely interaction. The emerging HDT concept offers new possibilities by integrating multi-source data and artificial intelligence for continuous monitoring and assessment. Hence, this paper reviews the evolution from DHM to HDT and proposes a unified HDT framework from a human factors perspective. The framework comprises the physical twin, the virtual twin, and the linkage between these two. The virtual twin integrates human modeling and AI engines to enable model-data-hybrid-enabled simulation. HDT can potentially upgrade traditional ergonomic methods to intelligent services through real-time analysis, timely feedback, and bidirectional interactions. Finally, the future perspectives of HDT for industrial applications as well as technical and social challenges are discussed. In general, this study outlines a human factors perspective on HDT for the first time, which is useful for cross-disciplinary research and human factors innovation to enhance the development of HDT in industry.

Redesign of Automatic Vacuum Cleaner with Participatory Approach

While using automatic vacuum cleaners, users found dissatisfaction namely dust problem, obstacle problem, and narrow space problem. Therefore, the problems in this automatic vacuum cleaner must be fixed so that it can maximize user productivity. The methods that researchers will use to carry out this research include the participatory ergonomic which is a method for translating consumer needs into an optimal and solutive products by gain aspirations from users and stakeholders. The next method is Maynard Operation Sequence Technique which is a predetermined motion time method that aims to determine the standard time for doing work. There are also participatory usability and ergonomics methods that help this research. For the dust problem, researchers have looked for a solution to the problem, namely by adding SLAM and Artificial Intelligence logarithms to the automatic. For the narrow space problem, researchers have designed different nozzles for the automatic to use. For this exact problem, researchers have added a crevice nozzle to the automatic so that the automatic can insert suction in narrow areas such as the back of cupboards. Researchers created this feature so that users no longer need to bother cleaning dust from sofas, tables and other items in the user’s room.

Ergonomic analysis applied in aquaculture

Aquaculture plays a very important role in the current Brazilian scenario, helping the income of small families. This activity is considerably new and does not have a specific methodology developed for the fishing activity. Due to these factors, this ergonomic analysis at work (AET) study was carried out, with the purpose of identifying the causes of complaints of body pain and fatigue caused by this activity. For this analysis, the Ergolândia software was used, which is composed of several ergonomic methods. The method used in unloading was the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), which deals more specifically with lifting and transporting loads, which analyzes the weight of the load, position of hands and feet, inclination of the trunk, height of the load is raised. Collected data and images were also used as assistance. After carrying out the analyzes and verifying that at all stages the Lifting Index (IL) is above the recommended level, some improvement proposals were made to alleviate or eliminate these employee posture problems. All methodologies identified risk levels that require immediate or short-term ergonomic intervention, aiming to guarantee the safety and health of workers who carry out such activity. The implementation of measures designed to eliminate or minimize risk may involve the allocation of significant human and material resources, increasingly necessary for efficient management. Considering the complexity and variability of the tasks developed, it is recommended that such a decision be preceded by a new study using more precise risk assessment methodologies.

ERGONOMIC METHODS TO OVERCOME THE EMOTIONAL BURNOUT OF THE MODERN MANAGER IN THE SPHERE OF INFORMATION SECURITY

The article defines the key aspects of overcoming emotional burnout of modern manager in the sphere of information security. A research was conducted within the framework of the outlined issues. This research was aimed at studying the emotional burnout of a modern manager. The study, which was conducted from September 2019 to January 2022, involved 204 respondents aged 24 to 59, of whom 120 were men and 84 were women. The pilot study covered managers in the field of information security in Berdiansk, Kyiv, Kryvyi Rih and Kropyvnytskyi. As part of the research, the participants were offered a system of recommendations, which included ergonomic methods to overcome emotional burnout, specific exercises and self-improvement methods. Among the recommended ergonomic methods to overcome emotional burnout among managers in the field of information security, special attention is focused on such things as: social empathy; maintenance of highly professional activities; time management; intelligent recharging; full nutrition. It was found that the implemented ergonomic methods for the preventive measures of emotional burnout and the advice provided contributed to reducing the level of emotional burnout in managers. Their condition has significantly improved. Not a single respondent was found who would not have demonstrated positive changes in emotional state. The indicators of each phase after the application of the proposed ergonomic directions and the implementation of the provided recommendations proved the positive dynamics of changes. The most significant positive changes are monitored at the level of the exhaustion phase. In terms of tension and resistance phase, the indicators have also improved. However, it is not necessary to stop there, so that managers can fully cope with emotional burnout. It has been established that if you do not neglect the recommendations developed by us, which are aimed at overcoming emotional burnout, you can improve the emotional, mental, social and physical state of the manager. All respondents who faithfully followed the ergonomic advice had positive dynamics of changes both at work and at home. The proposed ergonomic methods are focused on the formation of successful modern manager personality in the field of information security, and require further more detailed scientific researches.

Analisis Postur Kerja Karyawan Produksi Sepatu Olahraga Menggunakan Metode Novel Ergonomic Postural Assessment pada Karyawan Ruang Produksi UD. XYZ Gresik

This research is discussed about the analysis of work posture in small-medium industries that produce sports shoes. UD XYZ Gresik is one of the companies in the athletic shoe industry that receives requests for shoes every day. Working hours for 9 hours with a break time of 1 hour. Production targets are sometimes not achieved, causing employees to work overtime. Along with the targets that must be achieved every day, employees in the shoe production room have to sit for a long time during working hours. Long working hours have an impact on musculoskeletal disorders, especially back pain. Working posture (sitting position) and length of work are factors that affect physical ability which continues to decline. Thus resulting in absenteeism and economic losses caused by a decrease in work capacity and a decrease in employee productivity. Novel Ergonomic Postural Assessment as an ergonomics method used as a tool to analyze the risk of ergonomics and working posture in the upper body to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injuries in the production process. The results showed that the value of the first working posture was 6 (work posture needs further research and action is needed in the near future). For the second working posture, the final NERPA score was 7 (work posture needs to be checked further and action taken as soon as possible). Both of these scores require improvement due to the risk of severe musculoskeletal disorders.