Glass series of composition 70TeO2- (30-x)B2O3- xPbO (where x = 2, 6, 10, 14 and 20 mol%) is prepared using melt-quenching technique. The glass structure was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Manufactured glass density, molar volume and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were measured. Shielding parameters against gamma-rays including, linear attenuation coefficient (μ), mass attenuation coefficients (μm), half-value layer (HVL) and mean free path (λ) were measured experimentally at energies of 0.664, 1.177 and 1.334 MeV using Cs137 and Co60 point sources and NaI(TL) scintillation detector. The measured parameters were compared with those calculated using XCOM program with a good agreement between them. To fully comprehend the shielding efficiency of the prepared glasses, several shielding parameters including, μm, HVL, effective atomic number (Zeff), electron density (Nel), equivalent atomic number (Zeq), exposure and energy absorption buildup factors (EBF & EABF), radiation protection efficiency (RPE) and kerma relative to air (Ka), were evaluated in the photon energy range 0.015–15 MeV and compared with some materials that commonly used as gamma-ray shielding. The findings demonstrate the viability of employing the current glass composition as an effective agent for gamma-ray shielding and fully protection (100%) for x-ray. The macroscopic effective removal cross section (ΣR) of the prepared glasses were calculated and compared with those of frequently used neutron shielding materials. Finally, the mass stopping power (MSP) and projected range (PR) values of proton (H1) and alpha particles (He+2) have been evaluated in the energy range 0.01–15 MeV. The results show that, increasing PbO content improves shielding characteristics. Among the examined samples, the S5 glass sample was found to be superior in terms of photon, neutron, proton and alpha particles protection. These results indicate that, the prepared glass samples are highly appropriate nuclear shielding material that can be used in many applications.