Equatorial Line Research Articles

Using citizen science reports to define the equatorial extent of auroral visibility

AbstractAn aurora may often be viewed hundreds of kilometers equatorward of the auroral oval owing to its altitude. As such, the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) Aurora Forecast product provides a “view line” to demonstrate the equatorial extent of auroral visibility, assuming that it is sufficiently bright and high in altitude. The view line in the SWPC product is based upon the latitude of the brightest aurora, for each hemisphere, as specified by the real‐time oval variation, assessment, tracking, intensity, and online nowcasting (OVATION) Prime (2010) aurora precipitation model. In this study, we utilize nearly 500 citizen science auroral reports to compare with the view line provided by an updated SWPC aurora forecast product using auroral precipitation data from OVATION Prime (2013). The citizen science observations were recorded during March and April 2015 using the Aurorasaurus platform and cover one large geomagnetic storm and several smaller events. We find that this updated SWPC view line is conservative in its estimate and that the aurora is often viewable further equatorward than is indicated by the forecast. By using the citizen reports to modify the scaling parameters used to link the OVATION Prime (2013) model to the view line, we produce a new view line estimate that more accurately represents the equatorial extent of visible aurora. An OVATION Prime (2013) energy flux‐based equatorial boundary view line is also developed and is found to provide the best overall agreement with the citizen science reports, with an accuracy of 91%.

The change features of the west boundary bifurcation line of the North Equatorial Current in the Pacific

The equatorial Current in the North Pacific (NEC) is an upper layer westward ocean current, which flows to the west boundary of the ocean, east of the Philippines, and bifurcates into the northerly Kuroshio and the main body of the southerly Mindanao current. Thus, NEC is both the south branch of the Subtropical Circulation and the north branch of the Tropical Circulation. The junction of the two branches extends to the west boundary to connect the bifurcation points forming the bifurcation line. The position of the North Pacific Equatorial Current bifurcation line of the surface determines the exchange between and the distribution of subtropical and tropical circulations, thus affecting the local or global climate. A new identification method to track the line and the bifurcation channel was used in this study, focusing on the climatological characteristics of the western boundary of the North Equatorial Current bifurcation line. The long-term average NEC west boundary bifurcation line shifts northwards with depth. In terms of seasonal variation, the average position of the western boundary of the bifurcation line is southernmost in June and northernmost in December, while in terms of interannual variation, from spring to winter in the years when ENSO is developing, the position of the west boundary bifurcation line of NEC is relatively to the north (south) in EI Nino (La Nina) years as compared to normal years.

Characterizing seawater oxygen isotopic variability in a regional ocean modeling framework: Implications for coral proxy records

AbstractReconstructions of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are often created using the oxygen isotopic ratio in tropical coral skeletons (δ18O). However, coral δ18O can be difficult to interpret quantitatively, as it reflects changes in both temperature and the δ18O value of seawater. Small‐scale (10–100 km) processes affecting local temperature and seawater δ18O are also poorly quantified and contribute an unknown amount to intercoral δ18O offsets. A new version of the Regional Ocean Modeling System capable of directly simulating seawater δ18O (isoROMS) is therefore presented to address these issues. The model is used to simulate δ18O variations over the 1979–2009 period throughout the Pacific at coarse (O(50 km)) resolution, in addition to 10 km downscaling experiments covering the central equatorial Pacific Line Islands, a preferred site for paleo‐ENSO reconstruction from corals. A major impact of downscaling at the Line Islands is the ability to resolve fronts associated with tropical instability waves (TIWs), which generate large excursions in both temperature and seawater δ18O at Palmyra Atoll (5.9°N, 162.1°W). TIW‐related sea surface temperature gradients are smaller at neighboring Christmas Island (1.9°N, 157.5°W), but the interaction of mesoscale features with the steep island topography nonetheless generates cross‐island temperature differences of up to 1°C. These nonlinear processes alter the slope of the salinity:seawater δ18O relationship at Palmyra and Christmas, as well as affect the relation between coral δ18O and indices of ENSO variability. Consideration of the full physical oceanographic context of reef environments is therefore crucial for improving δ18O‐based ENSO reconstructions.

Equatorial Pacific coral geochemical records show recent weakening of the Walker Circulation

AbstractEquatorial Pacific ocean‐atmosphere interactions affect climate globally, and a key component of the coupled system is the Walker Circulation, which is driven by sea surface temperature (SST) gradients across the equatorial Pacific. There is conflicting evidence as to whether the SST gradient and Walker Circulation have strengthened or weakened over the late twentieth century. We present new records of SST and sea surface salinity (SSS) spanning 1959–2010 based on paired measurements of Sr/Ca and δ18O in a massive Porites coral from Butaritari atoll in the Gilbert Islands, Republic of Kiribati, in the central western equatorial Pacific. The records show 2–7 year variability correlated with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and corresponding shifts in the extent of the Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool, and decadal‐scale signals related to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the Pacific Warm Pool Index. In addition, the Butaritari coral records reveal a small but significant increase in SST (0.39°C) from 1959 to 2010 with no accompanying change in SSS, a trend that persists even when ENSO variability is removed. In contrast, larger increases in SST and SSS are evident in coral records from the equatorial Pacific Line Islands, located east of Butaritari. Taken together, the equatorial Pacific coral records suggest an overall reduction in the east‐west SST and SSS gradient over the last several decades, and a recent weakening of the Walker Circulation.

Probabilistic Seismic-Hazard Assessment in Quito, Estimates and Uncertainties

Research Article| October 22, 2014 Probabilistic Seismic‐Hazard Assessment in Quito, Estimates and Uncertainties Céline Beauval; Céline Beauval aISTerre, Univ. Grenoble Alpes‐CNRS‐IRD, F‐38041 Grenoble, Franceceline.beauval@ujf-grenoble.fr Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Hugo Yepes; Hugo Yepes bInstituto Geofisico, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara, 2759 Quito, Ecuador Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Laurence Audin; Laurence Audin aISTerre, Univ. Grenoble Alpes‐CNRS‐IRD, F‐38041 Grenoble, Franceceline.beauval@ujf-grenoble.fr Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Alexandra Alvarado; Alexandra Alvarado bInstituto Geofisico, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara, 2759 Quito, Ecuador Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Jean‐Mathieu Nocquet; Jean‐Mathieu Nocquet cGeoazur, IRD, Université de Nice Sophia‐Antipolis, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, 250, Rue A. Einstein, 06560 Valbonne, France Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Damiano Monelli; Damiano Monelli dGEM Hazard Team, SED‐ETHZ, Sonneggstrasse 5, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Laurentiu Danciu Laurentiu Danciu dGEM Hazard Team, SED‐ETHZ, Sonneggstrasse 5, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Seismological Research Letters (2014) 85 (6): 1316–1327. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220140036 Article history first online: 14 Jul 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Céline Beauval, Hugo Yepes, Laurence Audin, Alexandra Alvarado, Jean‐Mathieu Nocquet, Damiano Monelli, Laurentiu Danciu; Probabilistic Seismic‐Hazard Assessment in Quito, Estimates and Uncertainties. Seismological Research Letters 2014;; 85 (6): 1316–1327. doi: https://doi.org/10.1785/0220140036 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietySeismological Research Letters Search Advanced Search The present study is focused on estimating the probabilistic seismic hazard for the capital city of Ecuador, Quito, the population of which currently exceeds 2 million inhabitants at present. Quito is located at 2800 meters above sea level within the Interandean Depression, bounded by the equatorial line to the north, in an earthquake‐prone environment (Chatelain et al., 1999; Fig. 1). The city and its suburbs have developed in a piggy‐back basin on the hanging wall of a reverse fault system (Fig. 2) that has been recognized as seismically active in historical, geomorphologic, geologic, and geodetic... You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.

Solar thermal systems for large high rise buildings in Malaysia

Malaysia and Southeast Asia in general, is a very suitable region for implementing solar technologies because Malaysia is located near the equatorial line, where sunlight remains strong and stable throughout the year. The average solar radiation per month is 400–600MJ/m, so Malaysia should fully utilise solar energy because it is clean and sustainable. Solar energy can be considered as renewable energy that is environmentally friendly and can be continually replenished from time to time. The use of renewable energy is expected to increase exponentially in the future because natural resources could become depleted due to the increasing usage due to growing population in a world hungry for energy consumption for domestic, industrial and leisure purposes. Solar energy can provide infinite amount of energy because the sun can last for another few billions of years from now. So, many advanced nations have developed solar technologies to be implemented in a variety of sectors that include power generation and domestic water heating. The geographical location of Malaysia and other Southeast Asian countries has enabled this region to be different from Western European countries that could only utilise solar energy through technology. Malaysia is located near the equatorial line, and so the sunlight in Malaysia remains strong and stable throughout the year. The average solar radiation per month for Malaysia is 400–600MJ/m, and hence the country has a very high prospect to develop large-scale solar power plants. For now, Malaysian government is putting a lot of effort to promote solar energy use in Malaysia. The initial implementation of solar energy in Malaysia is for domestic solar water heaters. Unfortunately, the use of solar water heaters domestically and commercially is still low. According to estimate, around 45,000 buildings in Malaysia are appropriate for solar thermal usage, but 10% of them are not suitable because of roof shadings and structure. Different economic sectors in Malaysia can provide 110,000,000m of building surfaces for solar thermal applications and so about 75GW of power can be produced from this application. The photovoltaic (PV) technology was first built in Malaysia during 1980s in order to provide electricity to rural areas. Tenaga Nasional Bierhad, the national utility company, began to set up grid-connected PV systems as an alternative for national power utility and power production in 1998. One PV system was built at a British Petroleum petrol station along KESAS highway with 8 kWp capacity and another one built at the Solar Energy Research Institute at National University of Malaysia with 5.5 kWp capacity. In 2000, the first Malaysian Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) system was built in Port Dickson with 3.15 kWp capacity. Malaysia’s universities are focusing on five majors of R&D for solar technologies, including inverters, PV concentrators, cells fabrications, hybrid systems and energy conversion tracking systems. The funding for the research in PV technologies is provided by Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI). Malaysian government also provides tax incentives so that a portion of the total cost of installing PV system can be deducted. The Feed-InTariffs can be the most promising policy because the utility pays a prestige price for the grid-connected PV electricity generated by system proprietors, and there is a 20-year of guarantee for the price. In short, Malaysia has a huge prospect to implement large-scale solar thermal systems. A solar collector is a type of heat exchanger that converts solar radiant energy into heat energy. Flat plate collector (FPC) is a type of solar thermal collectors. It will require minimal maintenance and is mechanically simple and with low installation cost. Major applications of solar energy like solar water heating, industrial process heating and air conditioning are using FPCs. Thermal performance for FPCs is treated in concise details, and the equations for collector performance can be reduced to simpler forms for performance analysis. Evacuated tube collectors (ETCs) contain heat pipe inside a vacuum-sealed tube. The

Effect of equatorial line nodes on the upper critical field and London penetration depth

The upper critical field $H_{c2}$ and its anisotropy are calculated for order parameters with line nodes at equators, $k_z=0$, of the Fermi surface of uniaxial superconductors. It is shown that characteristic features found in Fe-based materials -- a nearly linear $H_{c2}(T)$ in a broad $T$ domain, a low and increasing on warming anisotropy $\gamma_H= H_{c2,ab}/ H_{c2,c}\, $ -- can be caused by competing effects of the equatorial nodes and of the Fermi surface anisotropy. For certain material parameters, $\gamma_H(T)-1$ may change sign on warming in agreement with recorded behavior of FeTeS system. It is also shown that the anisotropy of the penetration depth $\gamma_\lambda= \lambda_c/\lambda_{ab} $ decreases on warming to reach $\gamma_H$ at $T_c$ in agreement with data available. For some materials $\gamma_\lambda(T)$ may change on warming from $\gamma_\lambda>1$ at low $T$s to $\gamma_\lambda<1$ at high $T$s.

SHARKS AND RAYS IN INDONESIA

Indonesia is considered to have a high diversity of sharks and rays due in part to its position in the equatorial line, between two continents and two oceans. According to recent studies and various publications, the number of chondrichthyan species known to date is 207 species of 44 families, comprised of 109 species of sharks, 96 species of batoids, and two species of ghost sharks (chimaera). The Dasyatidae (stingrays) is the most speciose family of chondrichthyans occurring in Indonesia, followed by the Carcharhinidae (whaler sharks). Most species of elasmobranchs commonly occur on the continental or insular shelves and rays are more commonly found than sharks. This type of habitat can be found mostly in the western part of Indonesia (the Java Sea, Karimata Strait, South China Sea, Malacca Strait, and Macassar Strait). Due to the separation by the Wallace Line, there are some differences in species diversity between western and eastern region. The shark and ray fauna of the eastern region is more similar to the Australian fauna, while the fauna in the western region is more similar to the Asian fauna. There are also some endemic species known to occur in Indonesian waters. The endemicity of some species can be restricted in a certain area or in a regional area such as the Indo-West Pacific.

A Motion Planning Strategy for a Spherical Rolling Robot Driven by Two Internal Rotors

This paper deals with a motion planning problem for a spherical rolling robot actuated by two internal rotors that are placed on orthogonal axes. The key feature of the problem is that it can be stated only in dynamic formulation. In addition, the problem features a singularity when the contact trajectory goes along the equatorial line in the plane of the two rotors. A motion planning strategy composed of two trivial and one nontrivial maneuver is devised. The trivial maneuvers implement motion along the geodesic line perpendicular to the singularity line. The construction of the nontrivial maneuver employs the nilpotent approximation of the originally nonnilpotent robot dynamics, and is based on an iterative steering algorithm. At each iteration, the control inputs are constructed with the use of geometric phases. The motion planning strategy thus constructed is verified under simulation.

Two New Species ofEncotyllabe(Monogenea: Capsalidae) Based on Morphometric and Molecular Evidence: Parasites of Two Inshore Fish Species of Northern Chile

Two new species, Encotyllabe cheilodactyli and Encotyllabe antofagastensis (Monogenea: Capsalidae), have been found in the pharyngeal plates of Cheilodactylus variegatus and Anisotremus scapularis, respectively, in northern Chile (23°38'N, 70°24'W). Descriptions of the new species were based on morphometric and molecular evidence. Both species differ from previously described species of the genus by a combination of characteristics, including the size and relative position of the testes and the shapes of the major and small hamulus. In addition, E. cheilodactyli is unique among the known species of Encotyllabe due to the testes crossing the equatorial line of the body proper, and E. antofagastensis is unique among the known species of Encotyllabe due to its penis structure and anatomy leading to the genital pore. The analysis of the cytochrome c oxidase I gene as well as morphometric analyses demonstrated that the specimens belonged to 2 different species.

A Review of Heat Transfer in Terraced Houses of Tropical Climate

Heat is the process of energy circulation and replacement of air from hot to cold. In tropical climates, more heat is received because of the location of Malaysia of the equatorial line. Excessive heat in buildings causes discomfort to the occupants in tropical climate. Tropical rainforest climate receives higher solar radiation and terrestrial radiation reaching the building envelopes contributes to this problem. The design of the building should be more concern on reducing this heat. This paper provides a review of heat contribution in a terraced house indoor environment for tropical climate. A good comfortable home is part of the sustainable development agenda to improve the quality of life. Terraced houses are the most living quarters in mass living scheme for urban areas. The incoming solar energy from the sun into the building surface cannot be changed, therefore a consideration of passive building design need to be applied in terraced house design. Data collection gathered from this literature survey will assist to identify problems of discomfort occupant. This strategy would assist in improving the building industry in promoting sustainable development in Malaysia.

Numerical simulation of the whispering gallery modes in prolate spheroids

In this paper, we discuss the progress in the numerical simulation of the so-called ‘whispering gallery’ modes (WGMs) occurring inside a prolate spheroidal cavity. These modes are mainly concentrated in a narrow domain along the equatorial line of a spheroid and they are famous because of their extremely high quality factor. The scalar Helmholtz equation provides a sufficient accuracy for WGM simulation and (in a contrary to its vector version) is separable in spheroidal coordinates. However, the numerical simulation of ‘whispering gallery’ phenomena is not straightforward. The separation of variables yields two spheroidal wave ordinary differential equations (ODEs), first only depending on the angular, second on the radial coordinate. Though separated, these equations remain coupled through the separation constant and the eigenfrequency, so that together with the boundary conditions they form a singular self-adjoint two-parameter Sturm–Liouville problem.We discuss an efficient and reliable technique for the numerical solution of this problem which enables calculation of highly localized WGMs inside a spheroid. The presented approach is also applicable to other separable geometries. We illustrate the performance of the method by means of numerical experiments.

Celebraciones centenarias y negociaciones por la nación ecuatoriana

Celebraciones centenarias y negociaciones por la nación ecuatoriana

Frequency doubling and field‐aligned ion streaming in a long‐period poloidal pulsation

We reexamine a long‐period (10–18 min) poloidal pulsation observed by THEMIS‐A in the outer dawn magnetosphere from 10:00 to 12:30 UT on 7 November 2007. The interval was originally reported by Korotova et al. (2009). Although the nonlinear compressional plasma and magnetic field perturbations observed by THEMIS‐A during this interval agree well with model predictions for the linear perturbations associated with antisymmetric waves generated by the ballooning‐mirror mode instability, the phase relationships between these perturbations indicates a complex frequency rather than the purely imaginary frequency that theory predicts for the outer dawnside magnetosphere. Variations in the radial plasma velocity confirm that a phase‐locked north/south oscillation in the equatorial line of nodes associated with the ballooning‐mirror mode waves doubles the frequency of the compressional component of the magnetic field during these pulsations. The same velocity and magnetic field perturbations exclude explanations for the frequency doubling in terms of spatial gradients sweeping back and forth across the spacecraft or drift‐bounce resonances. Azimuthal electric fields associated with the pulsations generate field‐aligned anisotropies in the pitch angle distributions that become more prominent with increasing ion energy due to the presence of drift‐shell splitting and radial flux gradients that steepen with increasing energy. Although there was no evidence for drift‐bounce interactions during this event, the role of such events in ion energization in other events and at other locations remains to be evaluated.

Chemical Reaction Evolving on a Droplet.

A high-speed camera was used to investigate the early stage of a chemical reaction within a few milliseconds. We focus on the process of color change caused by a droplet containing a pH indicator when impinging on the surface of alkaline solution. Contrary to our expectation, this reaction starts along the equatorial line, and not at the protruding edge of the droplet, where it first touches the reaction partner. Small vertical fingers emerge from the front line within 1.5 ms. The results suggest that the observed deformation of the droplet and heat diffusion play major roles during this early reaction stage. Our investigations contribute to the understanding of short-term transport processes across interfaces, including the onset of unstable behavior of reaction fronts.

Interactions of distinct quadrupolar nematic colloids

The effective interaction between spherical colloids in nematic liquid crystals is investigated in the framework of the Landau-de Gennes theory. The colloids differ in their surface interaction with the nematic liquid crystal. The particles induce quadrupolar far-field distortions in the nematic matrix, favouring homeotropic and the other degenerate planar anchoring of the nematic director. In the strong anchoring regime the colloids with homeotropic anchoring are accompanied by an equatorial disclination line defect, known as “Saturn-ring”, while the colloids with degenerate planar anchoring nucleate a pair of antipodal surface defects, called “boojums”. In the linear (large-distance) regime, the colloidal interactions are of the quadrupolar type, with quadrupoles of opposite signs. These are attractive when the colloids are aligned either parallel or perpendicular to the far-field director. At short distances, non-linear effects including “direct” interactions between defects give rise to a repulsion between the particles, which prevents them from touching each other. This finding supports the stability of nematic colloidal square crystallites the assembly of which has been reported recently.

Mechanical properties, structure analysis and enzymatic degradation of uniaxially cold-drawn films of poly[( R)-3-hydroxybutyrate- co-4-hydroxybutyrate

Poly[( R)-3-hydroxybutyrate- co-4-hydroxybutyrate] (P(3HB- co-4HB)) films were prepared by uniaxial cold-drawing from an amorphous preform at a temperature below, but close to the glass transition temperature. Molecular and highly-ordered structures and physical properties of cold-drawn films were investigated by tensile testing, wide-angle X-ray diffraction and small-angle X-ray scattering. Enzymatic degradation of P(3HB- co-4HB) films was performed using an extracellular polyhydroxybutyrate depolymerase purified from Ralstonia pickettii T1. Tensile strength, elongation to break and Young’s modulus of P(3HB- co-4HB) with cold-drawn ratio 1200% reached 290 MPa, 58% and 2.8 GPa, respectively. X-ray fibre diagrams of cold-drawn P(3HB- co-4HB) films showed a strong reflection on the equatorial line, indicating a planar zigzag conformation ( β-form) together with 2 1 helix conformation ( α-form). The β-form seems to contribute to the high tensile strength, and a new mechanism of generation of the β-form is proposed. The enzymatic degradation rate increased with increasing draw ratio, and increased greatly with increasing 4HB content.

Crystal Structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Zinc-dependent Metalloprotease-1 (Zmp1), a Metalloprotease Involved in Pathogenicity

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, parasitizes host macrophages. The resistance of the tubercle bacilli to the macrophage hostile environment relates to their ability to impair phagosome maturation and its fusion with the lysosome, thus preventing the formation of the phago-lysosome and eventually arresting the process of phagocytosis. The M. tuberculosis zinc-dependent metalloprotease Zmp1 has been proposed to play a key role in the process of phagosome maturation inhibition and emerged as an important player in pathogenesis. Here, we report the crystal structure of wild-type Zmp1 at 2.6 Å resolution in complex with the generic zinc metalloprotease inhibitor phosphoramidon, which we demonstrated to inhibit the enzyme potently. Our data represent the first structural characterization of a bacterial member of the zinc-dependent M13 endopeptidase family and revealed a significant degree of conservation with eukaryotic enzymes. However, structural comparison of the Zmp1-phosphoramidon complex with homologous human proteins neprilysin and endothelin-converting enzyme-1 revealed unique features of the Zmp1 active site to be exploited for the rational design of specific inhibitors that may prove useful as a pharmacological tool for better understanding Zmp1 biological function.

Crystal Structure Analysis of Ethylene−Tetrafluoroethylene Alternating Copolymer

Crystal structure of ethylene (E)−tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) alternating copolymer of TFE 50 mol % content has been determined on the basis of 2-dimensional X-ray fiber diagram measured for the uniaxially oriented sample. Different from the unit cell parameters reported previously by several researchers, the newly proposed unit cell is of triclinic type with a = 8.46 Å, b = 5.67 Å, c (fiber axis) = 5.00 Å, α = 83.0°, β = 97.0°, and γ = 89.7° and the space group P1̅. Two slightly deflected but essentially planar-zigzag chains are packed in the unit cell with the zigzag planes parallel to the a + b direction. These two chains are connected by a point of symmetry and are packed upward and downward along the chain axis. In contrast to the relatively sharp X-ray equatorial line profile, the first and second layer line profiles are diffuse. At the same time a series of observed meridional 00l reflections are found to show relative intensity different from the regular chain packing structure. These hkl and 00l reflection profiles were found to be quantitatively reproduced by assuming an aggregation of regular domains with the c-axial translational disorder between them.

Physical mechanisms of compressional EMIC wave growth

On 29 June 2007, electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves were observed on the ground by the Canadian Array for Realtime Investigations of Magnetic Activity (CARISMA) network of magnetometers between L = 4 and L = 6 in response to a significant magnetospheric compression. Here a new MHD/particle method for studying EMIC wave growth in the magnetosphere is used to provide a detailed study of the compression event. We compare equatorial field line crossings of NASA's Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) spacecraft and CARISMA observation sites to frequency‐integrated wave growth rates from the MHD/particle method. Simulated temperatures were constant in time, suggesting an absence of energizing processes during this event. Many particles experienced so‐called Shabansky orbits during this event, in which their drift motion was confined to high latitudes in the dayside magnetosphere. We propose a new nonenergizing process, driven by ions undergoing Shabansky orbits, for generating ion temperature anisotropies. In addition, the fundamental role of the plasmasphere in generating EMIC waves from the free energy of warm ion temperature anisotropies is discussed.