Equal Parts Research Articles

How Could Future Climate Conditions Reshape a Devastating Lake‐Effect Snow Storm?

AbstractLake‐effect snow (LES) storms, characterized by heavy convective precipitation downwind of large lakes, pose significant coastal hazards with severe socioeconomic consequences in vulnerable areas. In this study, we investigate how devastating LES storms could evolve in the future by employing a storyline approach, using the LES storm that occurred over Buffalo, New York, in November 2022 as an example. Using a Pseudo‐Global Warming method with a fully three‐dimensional two‐way coupled lake‐land‐atmosphere modeling system at a cloud‐resolving 4 km resolution, we show a 14% increase in storm precipitation under the end‐century warming. This increase in precipitation is accompanied by a transition in the precipitation form from predominantly snowfall to nearly equal parts snowfall and rainfall. Through additional simulations with isolated atmospheric and lake warming, we discerned that the warmer lake contributes to increased storm precipitation through enhanced evaporation while the warmer atmosphere contributes to the increase in the storm's rainfall, at the expense of snowfall. More importantly, this shift from snowfall to rainfall was found to nearly double the area experiencing another winter hazard, Rain‐on‐Snow. Our study provides a plausible future storyline for the Buffalo LES storm, focusing on understanding the intricate interplay between atmospheric and lake warming in shaping the future dynamics of LES storms. It emphasizes the importance of accurately capturing the changing lake‐atmosphere dynamics during LES storms under future warming.

Tourism 4.0 -The Digital Innovations in Hospitality and Tourism Industry

Objectives: The one of four equal parts of the industrial stage has affected all domains, savings, and activities. Technology, the key planner for Industry 4.0, likewise has a vast effect on the tourism industry. The objective concerning this division search is to consider by what method the idea of Industry 4.0 has happened, allowing for the possibility of tourism. Notwithstanding that philosopher gave consideration to the concept of Industry 4.0 earlier in their careers, the research on Tourism 4.0 is still in first early stages. Methods: Tourism 4.0 research is still in its formative phase. Therefore, an exploratory type of research was chosen to achieve the research objectives and a descriptive way of presenting the results. Data collection was done using a systematic internet survey. This method was completed from January to July 2020 -21. Mega search engine The National University Library (NUK, ND) was used for the search with academic articles published in important scientific databases; it is the most complete collection of scientific articles. Google Scholar and the Google search engine were used in this search additional related documents. Results and Conclusions: The research results are divided into three subsections. The first and second parts provide answers to the first and second studies. The third part deals with the third research question. The first part introduces the various uses of the term tourism 4.0. For any country that has already implemented the term Tourism 4.0. Part second shows how to deal with the term tourism 4.0. In an academic article, the third section condemns and compiles. Examples of the implementation of enabling technologies leading in Industry 4.0 in the field of tourism services.

Construction of Inheritance Distribution Based on Gender Equality in Thematic Tafsir Studies

Gender equality in inheritance is an issue that is often debated today. One of the controversial verses is verse 11 of surah al-Nisa' which regulates that the men's portion is equal to two women's parts. This study aims to examine the verses of the Qur'an regarding gender equality in inheritance through thematic studies and spark a shift in the concept of inheritance which demands equal parts through the interpretation of the meaning of verse 11 surah al-Nisa'. This research is literature research with descriptive qualitative type through thematic tafsir approach and syar'i approach. This research found that the verses of the Qur'an regarding gender equality in inheritance based on thematic studies produced the theme, namely the verses about men and women being equally entitled to inherit and the share of men and women heirs, as well as the share of men and women. Through thematic studies, the concept of inheritance based on gender equality can be explained more comprehensively. The concept of inheritance in verse 11 of surah al-Nisā' has gradually shifted in meaning from section 2:1 to become an equal part marked by the birth of the concept of bilateral inheritance which fully supports gender equality in inheritance. It's just that it is still possible for disputes to occur so fiqh mawāris becomes a solution. So it is recommended that before dividing the inheritance with the principle of gender equality, it must first be divided based on the provisions of the mawāris fiqh and then an agreement can be made so that the rights of the heirs are considered.

Efficacy of the Probiotic L. brevis in Counteracting the Demineralizing Process of the Tooth Enamel Surface: Results from an In Vitro Study.

Enamel plays an essential role in protecting the underlying layers of the human tooth; therefore, preserving it is vital. This experimental study aimed to evaluate the potential ability of L. brevis to counteract the action of a demineralizing agent on dental enamel morphology and mineral composition in vitro. The sample consisted of 12 healthy human posterior teeth. The coronal portion of each tooth was subdivided into two equal parts longitudinally. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups: artificial saliva, L. brevis suspension, demineralizing agent (DA), and DA plus L. brevis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to evaluate the surface micromorphology and the mineral content, respectively. The statistical analysis was conducted using a one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's post hoc test. SEM analysis did not highlight significant changes in the enamel microstructure of L. brevis-treated specimens compared to the control. DA-induced damage to the enamel structure was drastically reduced when the specimens were contextually exposed to the probiotic. The treatment with DA substantially reduced the weight % of crucial enamel minerals, i.e., Ca and P. Notably, the probiotic was able to reverse the demineralization process, bringing Ca and P weight % back to basal levels, including the Ca/P ratio. The findings indicate that L. brevis is able to efficiently protect the dental enamel surface from the damage caused by DA and increase the enamel resistance to demineralization. Overall, L. brevis confirms its efficacy in preventing or counteracting the action of carious lesions through a novel mechanism that protects the tooth surface under a chemical challenge that mimics the caries process.

Evaluation of Regio Temporalis in 3 Steps in Terms of Interventional Procedures.

Regio temporalis is a site where botulinum neurotoxin is applied for various medical reasons, such as migraine, bruxism, and myofascial pain syndrome. The region is also one of the target regions in flap surgery. This study aimed to define the region topographically. In addition, it was aimed to reveal the intramuscular nerve distribution of the temporalis.11 fixed cephalus (cadaver head) and 2 fresh cephalus were used. The lateral canthus of the eye was marked as point A, and the middle of the ear tragus as point B. The transverse and vertical distances of the branching point of the superficial temporal artery to the A and B points were measured. Transverse distances of the superficial temporal artery and superficial temporal vein to A and B points were measured. The muscle was examined in 5 equal parts (L0-L1-L2-L3-L4), and each part's vertical muscle and tendon lengths were examined. Intramuscular nerve density was demonstrated by applying the modified Sihler staining to fresh temporalis'. Superficial temporal artery had an average transverse distance of 8.56±1.9mm in women and 12.56±1.94mm in men from the middle of the ear tragus. The artery was 64.21±5.59mm posterior in females and 63.48±6.53mm in males from the lateral canthus of the eye. Our study determined that the branching point of the superficial temporal artery was below the upper level of the arcus zygomaticus in 10% of cases and above it in 90% of cases. In our study, the L2 point had the highest vertical muscle length at 45.67mm, while the L3 point had the highest vertical tendon length at 41.25mm. The point where the muscle length had the highest ratio with 1.49 compared to the tendon length, was the L2 point. The temporalis' for which the modified Sihler staining was applied was examined in 5 quadrants. It was determined that the nerve densities were in the second and third quadrants from anterior to posterior. The distance of superficial landmarks to neurovascular structures is extremely important in interventions to the regio temporalis. Considering the average distances given in our study is important in avoiding damage in surgical procedures and not injecting into vascular structures. The point where the muscle length had the highest ratio of 1.49 compared to the tendon length was the L2 point. The area in line with this point is the most suitable area for injection. The L2 point is also the most suitable area for injection as it has the highest muscle length. Since the nerve densities were observed in the modified Sihler staining applied temporalis' 2 and 3 quadrants from anterior to posterior, botulinum neurotoxin injections to these areas will give more effective results.

MANCHURIA RAILWAY STATION IN THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY: PROBLEMS OF ORGANIZATION OF MANAGEMENT ON THE RAILWAY

The article concerns the organization of management at the Manchuria railway station in the early 20th century. The station was located on the Chinese territory, two kilometers from the Russian border. For several decades, the Russian population constituted a majority there; churches, schools and hospitals were built, and two customs offices operated. The management of the hamlet, which sprang up near the station, was carried out by the administration of the Chinese Eastern Railway. Simultaneously, at the time of the completion of the construction of the railway connecting branch “Chinese Junction - Manchuria”, part of the functions of the management of the station was taken over by the Trans-Baikal Railway. On the materials of the Russian State Historical Archive the author had shown that the joint management of the station by two railways at once had a number of peculiar features. To resolve disputes, the administration of the railways entered into special agreements. The first of them was signed in 1903 and made provision for all income and fees from the operation of the border section of the road from the Chinese border to the Manchuria station to go into the use of the Transbaikal road. All expenses for the operation of the rolling stock were also to be borne by the Trans-Baikal Road. The operation of the station facilities was strictly regulated: one part of the stone building for passengers, as well as the territories along the railway line, passed under the control of the Trans-Baikal Road, and the other - under the control of the China Road. Expenses for the maintenance and repair of the building for passengers, as well as other public facilities at the Manchuria station, were to be borne by each road in equal parts. The efficiency of the station largely depended on the due organization of the management system. The simultaneous participation in this process of the representatives of two railway departments at once led to a lack of unity of action in matters of organizing transportation. The state-owned Trans-Baikal Railway was dependent on the central departments. The Chinese Eastern Railway, as a private road, had broader competence. The presence of commercial agents at the Manchuria station did not add to unity, as they oft en pursued their own goals to the detriment of state interests.

RASA SINDURA YOGA: A PANACEA FOR URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.

Urinary tract infection is one of the most common bacterial infections, with about 150 million people diagnosed yearly. E. coli is the primary causative organism, followed by Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella, Proteus mirabilis & Enterococci. Dysuria, burning micturition, increased frequency, urgency and urinary incontinence are significant symptoms of UTI with the treatment centers around Antibiotics. The symptoms of UTI closely resemble the symptoms of Mutrakricchhra, so these can be correlated. With Antimicrobial resistance on the rise nowadays, the need for safer alternatives is the need of the hour. In Rasa Tarangini, a formulation of Rasa Sindura with equal parts of Shilajit, Elaichi, and Sitopala has been mentioned, called Rasa Sindura Yoga. Since it is a Herbo-mineral preparation, it is required in lesser doses, can work at the cellular level, and exhibits higher efficacy. The drugs in this formulation are proven to have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and Antianalgesic properties, which can help alleviate the symptoms of UTI. The present study aims to critically review the individual drugs' formulation and probable mode of action in UTI.

Angle Trisection with Growth Rate of The Golden Ratio

In this paper, we explore the triangulation of angles using the golden ratio and geometric compass principles. By dividing angles into three equal parts based on the golden ratio, we demonstrate a method for solving this geometric problem. Furthermore, we extend our exploration into the third dimension, where a geometric compass can effectively divide a two-dimensional angle into three equal parts. Additionally, our investigation delves into the realm of six-dimensional space-time, where we observe the simultaneous movement of two arms of the compasses based on the golden ratio to achieve the division of every angle into three equal parts. We emphasize the significance of the growth rate associated with the golden ratio in resolving complex mathematical and physical problems. This study provides valuable insights into the application of geometric principles and the golden ratio in solving challenging problems within mathematics and physics.

On minimum vertex bisection of random d-regular graphs

Minimum vertex bisection is a graph partitioning problem in which the aim is to find a partition of the vertices into two equal parts that minimizes the number of vertices in one partition set that have a neighbor in the other set. In this work we are interested in providing asymptotically almost surely upper bounds on the minimum vertex bisection of random d-regular graphs, for constant values of d. Our approach is based on analyzing a greedy algorithm by using the differential equation method. In this way, we obtain the first known non-trivial upper bounds for the vertex bisection number in random regular graphs. The numerical approximations of these theoretical bounds are compared with the emprical ones, and with the lower bounds from Kolesnik and Wormald (2014) [30].

PRC6: Hybrid lightweight cipher for enhanced cloud data security in parallel environment

AbstractModern technologies of computing cloud are showing great promise, but at the same time create new security challenges that hinder full acceptance. Given that most of these services often use cloud networks as channels for communication, securing data transmission is crucial. This paper introduce a new hybrid encryption algorithm, the proposed two‐layered PRC6 cipher, tailored address security concerns in cloud computing environments with minimal resource constraints. The PRC6 cipher incorporates enhancements from Cha‐cha into an extension of the RC6 cipher. PRC6 implements double encryption. At the first level, the plain text is divided into four equal parts, each encrypted by processes derived from RC6, which include shifting, summation, modulo arithmetic, and XOR with a generated key. The second level incorporates a Quarter round function, among others, to further obscure the encoded message. PRC6 is implemented in a parallel computing model to significantly reduce overall computation time, especially important for lightweight applications. Experimental results show that the algorithm can achieve a high level of security for cloud workloads. It activates parallel mode in just seven encryption rounds, cutting calculation time to 50% in a matter of seconds. Performance evaluations against popular encryption standards also indicate that PRC6 offers promising security benefits when computational resources are limited. This hybrid approach presents a viable solution for strengthening data protection in modern cloud systems and it stand against the most popular attacks like brute force.

The shelf life of pork depends on its quality and microbial and non-microbial meat destructors

This work aimed to establish the maximum shelf life of pork of different quality classes depending on the action of non-microbial and microbial destructors. To achieve this goal, samples were taken from the longest back muscles of domestic and industrial pig carcasses. Depending on the results of organoleptic research, pork was divided into three quality classes: 1) NOR (close to optimal quality indicators), 2) PSE (pale, soft, exudative), and 3) DFD (dark, firm, dry). After that, each of the samples was divided into 1 equal parts and placed for storage in a refrigerator (t = 3 ± 1 °C). Each day, one part of the samples was used for laboratory research. The purpose of laboratory research was to establish the freshness of meat by determining the reaction to peroxidase, amino-ammonia nitrogen, reaction to ammonia with Nessler's reagent, and the content of short-chain fatty acids. In addition, the level of MAFAnM was determined. The results of laboratory studies showed that the fastest signs of spoilage were registered in pork, with signs of PSE obtained after the slaughter of pigs on small farms. The first signs of deterioration appeared already on the sixth day of storage. The second fastest spoilage rate (on the eighth day) was meat samples of the PSE quality class taken from pigs of industrial origin. At the same time, the highest increase in microbial contamination during storage was registered in meat samples of industrial origin with signs of DFD. We found that the microbial contamination of pork depends not only on the initial contamination at the production site but also on the quality class of the meat. On the 12th day of pork storage, only NOR-class meat samples of industrial origin remained fresh. Comparing meat samples of the same quality classes, asserting a shorter shelf life and a higher risk of meat products obtained due to domestic origin and backyard slaughter of pigs is possible. The main reason is a combination of factors, the main of which are the impossibility of observing proper hygienic conditions for animal slaughter, poor bleeding, unbalanced diet, and others.

PH dominates the formation of ginkgo seed protein and whey protein composite gels

This study aimed to investigate the impact of pH on gelation of ginkgo seed protein isolate (GSPI) and whey protein isolate (WPI). The GSPI-WPI composite gels were made by heating a mixture of 12% (w/v) GSPI and 12% (w/v) WPI in equal parts at 90 °C for 30 min at different pHs. Hardness, springiness, and water holding capacity (WHC) of the composite gels at pH 7.0, 8.0 were improved due to formation of a compacted network by disulfide crosslinking. GSPI-WPI formed weak, particulate gels at pH 3.0 with poor WHC. At pH 6.0, the formation of hydrogen bonding improved the rheology of the composite gels. In short, pH is an important quality determinant of the GSPI-WPI composite gels, which provides a basis for gel modification and application in food.

Robust Lane Detection Method Based on Dynamic Region of Interest

Lane detection is an important component of vehicle assisted driving systems. Many lane line algorithms have been proposed, but lane line detection is still a challenging task in environments with road text or vehicle interference. To address these issues, this paper proposes a robust lane line detection method under structured roads. First, we propose a method based on the slope and length of a straight line and the distance of the line from the centre line to extract regions of interest reducing interference from other invalid regions. Afterwards, we use a new fusion method to fuse the extracted colour features with the gradient features, enhancing the lane features while greatly reducing the interference in the pixels. Next, we cut the extracted pixel feature maps in equal parts into several sub-maps and perform pixel statistics for each sub-map, replacing sub-maps with abnormal pixel values with adjacent sub-maps, which can effectively reduce noise. Finally, we use DBSCAN to cluster the pixels and fit the lane lines with least squares. The experimental results show that the method can effectively detect lane lines and has good robustness.

Identification of bacteria associated with pap (Ogi/Akamu) stored at room and refrigerated temperatures

Stored pap (ogi/akamu) has been reported to harbor several microorganisms including bacteria. The study was focused on identification of bacteria associated with pap (ogi/akamu) stored at room and refrigerated temperatures. The assayed pap was produced by soaking yellow maize (500 g) in sterile water and allowed to ferment for 72h and then grinded using home blender, sieved with a muslin cloth to obtain the pap. The pap was divided into two equal parts. One part was stored at room temperature and the other stored in a refrigerator for 9days respectively. At every 24h, each of the samples was taken to the laboratory for examination. The serially diluted pap samples were inoculated into De man rogosa and sharpe agar, nutrient agar, mannitol salt agar, salmonella shigella agar and MacConkey agar respectively and were incubated at 37 ℃ for 24h. The numbers of microbial colonies on the nutrient agar plates were counted using a colony counter. The phenotypic characterizations were carried out on the isolates and molecular identification done on the predominant lactic acid bacteria. The phenotypic characterization revealed the isolated bacteria as Lactobacillus sp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus. The molecular characterization confirmed the predominant bacteria as Lactobacillus plantarum FPS. The total bacterial count was more at room temperature samples (±3.78CFU/ml) than refrigerated temperature (±0.41CFU/ml). There was significant difference between the recovered bacteria at room and refrigerated temperature (p>0.05). The obtained result confirmed room temperature unsafe for storing pap and refrigerator temperature better option for storing them.

Resistance Rates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Isolates to Primary Anti-tuberculosis Drugs: A 5-Year Retrospective Study

Background/Aim: Tuberculosis remains a major global health problem with a high morbidity and mortality rate, approximately a quarter of the population is infected with tuberculosis. Drug susceptibility testing is an essential tool for identifying and managing drug-resistant tuberculosis. This study was conducted to evaluate the drug susceptibility pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains isolated from a university hospital. Methods: A total of 10900 samples sent to the microbiology laboratory with the suspicion of tuberculosis clinically between January 2018 and January 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. The automated BACTEC MGIT 960 (Becton Dickinson, USA) was used for sample culture and susceptibility testing. The obtained data were statistically analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20). Results: Out of the 154 isolated positive samples, males and females constituted equal parts of the study population (50%). The majority of tuberculosis cases were in the age group 56–75 years (42.2%), Pulmonary TB was detected in (90.3%) of the patients, while extrapulmonary TB cases were observed in (9.7%). As a result of susceptibility studies on positive samples, isoniazid resistance was 5.2%; streptomycin resistance 1.3%; ethambutol resistance was detected at a rate of 0.6%, while no rifampicin resistant sample was found. Both streptomycin and isoniazid resistance were seen together in 1.3% of the samples. Conclusion: A similar resistance pattern of the first-line antituberculosis drugs was observed in other studies conducted in different provinces of Turkey. The absence of multi-drug resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in our study indicates that the tuberculosis surveillance program implemented in our region was successful.

Statistical features of the general population of patients with genital endometriosis

Abstract. It is relevant to study the incidence of genital endometriosis, for which radical treatment methods have not been found yet. This study should also include a statistical analysis of the general population of patients included in the research, followed by clinical trials. Object and methods. A statistical analysis of the general population of patients was carried out with the following values: N (120), mode (Mo), median (Me), simple arithmetic mean (M) and its standard deviation (M ± δ), variation indicators (R-range): dispersion (D), standard deviation (δ); coefficient of variation (V); quartiles (Q) and their range (IQR). We also determined the tkp value (according to the Student distribution table) with a probability of values of 0.95 and texp, as well as scattering indicators — minimum (min) and maximum (max), dispersion (S2), asymmetry (As), kurtosis (Ex), and others. To test the hypothesis about the type of distribution, we used the Pearson goodness-of-fit test. Additionally, the standard sampling error for the mean (E), the marginal sampling error (ε), and the confidence interval (CI) were estimated. Using the distribution table, we found the χ2 values; the random error of the lower (tL) and upper bound (tU), and the confidence interval of the standard deviation were calculated. Results and discussion. The following indicators were calculated: average and standard deviation (M ± δ); Mo and Me had an equal value. The sample range was calculated; the sample quartiles divided the given population into four equal parts, where Q2 (25 %) was equal to 30 years, Q1 (25 %) corresponded to 27 years, Q3 — to 34 years (25 %), and IQR corresponded to 7 years. Notably, 28 people were under 27 years old and over 34. To exclude anomalous distribution, outliers were determined using the Tukey method; outliers over 55 years turned out to be rigid. The value of the indicator V=18.89 % was determined; that was less than 30 %, which indicated the homogeneity of the population and weak variation. The standard sampling error for the mean (E), marginal sampling error (ε), and confidence interval for dispersion were calculated. The value of the χ2 indicator was estimated according to the distribution table. The random error of the dispersion of the lower (tL) and upper bound (tU) was determined. The significance score of the asymmetry index was calculated using the mean square error of the asymmetry coefficient (SAs). Conclusion. As it follows from statistical analysis, this general population had all the signs of a symmetrical normal distribution, therefore, the results obtained are trustworthy.

Angle Trisection with Growth Rate of The Golden Ratio

In this paper, we explore the triangulation of angles using the golden ratio and geometric compass principles. By dividing angles into three equal parts based on the golden ratio, we demonstrate a method for solving this geometric problem. Furthermore, we extend our exploration into the third dimension, where a geometric compass can effectively divide a two-dimensional angle into three equal parts. Additionally, our investigation delves into the realm of six-dimensional space-time, where we observe the simultaneous movement of two arms of the compasses based on the golden ratio to achieve the division of every angle into three equal parts. We emphasize the significance of the growth rate associated with the golden ratio in resolving complex mathematical and physical problems. This study provides valuable insights into the application of geometric principles and the golden ratio in solving challenging problems within mathematics and physics.

Accuracy of a chatbot in answering questions that patients should ask before taking a new medication

BackgroundThe potential uses of artificial intelligence have extended into the fields of health care delivery and education. However, challenges are associated with introducing innovative technologies into health care, particularly with respect to information quality. ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of answers provided by a chatbot in response to questions that patients should ask before taking a new medication. MethodsTwelve questions obtained from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality were asked to a chatbot for the top 20 drugs. Two reviewers independently evaluated and rated each response on a 6-point scale for accuracy and a 3-point scale for completeness with a score of 2 considered adequate. Accuracy was determined using clinical expertise and a drug information database. After the independent reviews, answers were compared, and discrepancies were assigned a consensus score. ResultsOf 240 responses, 222 (92.5%) were assessed as completely accurate. Of the inaccurate responses, 10 (4.2%) were mostly accurate, 5 (2.1%) were more accurate than inaccurate, 2 (0.8%) were equal parts accurate and inaccurate, and 1 (0.4%) was more inaccurate than accurate. Of the 240 responses, 194 (80.8%) were comprehensively complete. There were 235 (97.9%) responses that scored 2 or higher. Five responses (2.1%) were considered incomplete. ConclusionUsing a chatbot to answer questions commonly asked by patients is mostly accurate but may include inaccurate information or lack valuable information for patients.

Vertex degree sums for supereulerian bipartite digraphs

A digraph is considered supereulerian if it possesses a spanning closed ditrail. Let n be positive integer and Dn,n be a bipartite digraph, whose vertices are divided into two equal parts of size n. If Dn,n is strongly connected and δ−+δ+≥n+1, where δ− is its minimum in-degree and δ+ is its minimum out-degree, then Dn,n is supereulerian digraph.

Protective Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Rooster Semen Cryopreservation.

Cryopreservation of avian semen is a useful reproductive technique in the poultry industry. However, during cooling, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels have destructive effects on both quality and function of thawed sperm. The aim of the current study is to investigate the antioxidant effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) during rooster semen cryopreservation. Semen samples were collected from ten Ross 308 broiler breeder roosters (32 weeks) and mixed. The mixed samples were divided into five equal parts and cryopreserved in Lake Buffer extender that contained different concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 mM) of NAC. The optimum concentration of NAC was determined based on quality parameters of mobility, viability, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial membrane potential after the freeze-thaw process. There was a higher percentage (p < 0.05) of total motility (TM) (60.9 ± 2.4%) and progressive motility (PM) (35.6 ± 1.9%) observed with the NAC-0.1 group compared to the other groups. Significantly higher percentages of viability (74.4 ± 2.3% and 71 ± 2.3%), membrane integrity (76.4 ± 1.5% and 74.7 ± 1.5%) and mitochondrial membrane potential (67.1 ± 1.6% and 66.3 ± 1.6%) were observed in the NAC-0.1 and NAC-1 groups compared to the other frozen groups (p < 0.05). The lowest percentage of lipid peroxidation and nonviable sperm was found in the NAC-0.1 and NAC-1 groups compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). The average path velocity (VAP), straight line velocity (VSL), curvilinear velocity (VCL), and acrosome integrity, were not affected by different concentrations of NAC in the thawed sperm (p > 0.05). Both NAC-0.1 and NAC-1 appear to be beneficial for maintaining the quality of rooster sperm after thawing.